173 lines
13 KiB
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173 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.230.3500" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4e9bc3ce-4b88-4c17-acfd-14482cf3424b" ID-PMC="PMC3494022" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-230-1" ID-PubMed="23166476" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-230-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 230" ModsDocTitle="Revision, cladistic analysis and biogeography of Typhochlaena C. L. Koch, 1850, Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901 and Iridopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae)" checkinTime="1451248664083" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bertani, Rogerio" docDate="2012" docId="48781E37C5B47ECC1F20582F1F1C4CDC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 230: 1-94" docOrigin="ZooKeys 230" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.230.3500" docTitle="Typhochlaena costae Bertani, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="4371FFCC3243DD68FFCE0A77FFB8FF9E" masterDocTitle="Revision, cladistic analysis and biogeography of Typhochlaena C. L. Koch, 1850, Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901 and Iridopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae)" masterLastPageNumber="94" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1668154580721" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision, cladistic analysis and biogeography of Typhochlaena C. L. Koch, 1850, Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901 and Iridopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bertani, Rogerio</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>230</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>94</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.230.3500</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.230.3500</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-230-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037385" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1EAFD951-7AE2-46AA-9373-618A78B1A8FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/48781E37C5B47ECC1F20582F1F1C4CDC" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1EAFD951-7AE2-46AA-9373-618A78B1A8FB" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Typhochlaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Typhochlaena costae" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costae">Typhochlaena costae</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="15" pageNumber="16">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 12-15, 25, 28
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Males differ from those of other species by the short and slender embolus (Figs 12-14). Females differ by the non-spiraled spermathecae, lacking lobes, diverging on their base and converging on their distal portions (Fig. 15). Additionally, males and females have cephalothorax brown and abdomen dorsally black with two series of four red spots extending laterally. Carapace, dorsum of chelicerae and most anterior dorsal region of abdomen with very long, yellow, stiff setae (Fig. 25).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">The specific name is a matronym in honour of Miriam Costa, who collected the holotype and several other new spider species during several years she worked at Instituto Butantan.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Holotype female, Brazil, state of Tocantins, Palmas, U.H.E. Luis Eduardo
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Magalhães">Magalhaes</normalizedToken>
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[
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-10.2">10°12'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-48.4">48°24'W</geoCoordinate>
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], 211 m.a.s.l, during faunal rescuing, M. Costa and D. Candido, 12 January 2002 (IBSP unnumbered); Paratype male, Brazil, state of Tocantins, Lajeado, (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-9.768014">9°46'4.85"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-48.351856">48°21'6.69"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 226 m.a.s.l, G. Puorto, R. Martins, I. Knysak (pitfall trap), April 2002 (IBSP unnumbered).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="additional material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Brazil:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Maranhão">Maranhao</normalizedToken>
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/Piaui border, 1 immature, C. E. V. Toledo, February 2010 (MZSP 36880).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Holotype female (IBSP unnumbered). Carapace 6.2 long, 6.0 wide, chelicerae 2.9. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 4.1, 2.9, 2.8, 2.4, 1.9, 14.1. II: 4.0, 2.8, 2.8, 2.2, 1.7, 13.5. III: 4.1, 2.6, 2.5, 2.2, 1.8, 13.2. IV: 4.9, 2.7, 3.3, 2.9, 1.8, 15.6. Palp: 3.4, 2.2, 1.8, -, 2.3, 9.7. Mid-widths (lateral): femora I -IV = 1.4, 1.5, 1.2, 1.2, palp = 1.0; patellae
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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= 1.4, 1.4, 1.3, 1.2, palp = 1.1; tibiae
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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= 1.3, 1.5, 1.2, 1.2, palp = 1.3; metatarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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= 1.2, 1.3, 0.9, 0.9; tarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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= 1.2, 1.2, 1.0, 0.9, palp = 1.2. Abdomen 8.3 long, 5.5 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 0.9 long, 0.5 wide, 0.3 apart; PLS, 1.3 basal, 0.7 middle, 0.5 distal; mid-widths (lateral), 0.9, 0.6, 0.5, respectively. Carapace: length to width 1.03. Fovea 1.4 wide. Eyes: tubercle 0.3 high, 1.2 long, 1.7 wide. Clypeus 0.3. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior slightly recurved. Eyes size and inter-distances: AME 0.4, ALE 0.5, PME 0.2, PLE 0.4,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–AME">AME-AME</normalizedToken>
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0.3,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–ALE">AME-ALE</normalizedToken>
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0.2,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–PME">AME-PME</normalizedToken>
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0.2,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–ALE">ALE-ALE</normalizedToken>
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1.1,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–PME">ALE-PME</normalizedToken>
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0.4,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PME">PME-PME</normalizedToken>
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1.0,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PLE">PME-PLE</normalizedToken>
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0.1,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PLE–PLE">PLE-PLE</normalizedToken>
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1.3,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–PLE">ALE-PLE</normalizedToken>
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1.3,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–PLE">AME-PLE</normalizedToken>
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0.2. Ratio of eye group width to length 2.0. Maxillae: length to width: 1.9. Cuspules: 69 spread over ventral inner heel. Labium: 0.8 long, 1.3 wide, with 80-90 cuspules spaced by one diameter from each other on the anterior third. Labio-sternal groove shallow, flat, sigilla not evident. Chelicerae: basal segments with six teeth having similar size and well spaced from each other. Sternum: 2.7 long, 2.8 wide. Legs: leg formula: IV I II III. Scopula: tarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
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fully scopulate, IV divided by row of 6-7 setae. Metatarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
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<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="17" start="start">fully</pageBreakToken>
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scopulate; III 4/5, IV 1/3 distal scopulate. IV divided by six wide row of setae. Spines absent on all legs and palps. Urticating hairs type II (0.33 long, 0.01 wide) on the abdomen dorsum. Genitalia: paired spermathecae diverging basally and curving abruptly inwards medially (Fig. 15). Color pattern: carapace, chelicerae and dorsum of legs and palps dark brown with light brown hairs. Coxae, labium, maxilla and legs ventrally brown. Sternum darker. Longitudinal stripes on dorsum of femora, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi light brown. Distal femora, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi with white rings. Abdomen dorsally black with two series of four red spots extending laterally. Abdomen ventrally black with three transversal grayish stripes. Carapace covered with very long, yellow, stiff setae in cephalic region and in front of eye tubercle. Same type of yellow setae on dorsum of chelicerae, in internal half area and in most anterior dorsal region of abdomen. Rest of abdomen dorsum has some long, scattered, white setae (Fig. 25).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Paratype male (IBSP unnumbered). Carapace 6.5 long, 6.1 wide, chelicerae 2.8. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 7.0, 3.2, 5.3, 4.4, 2.7, 22.6. II: 6.4, 3.1, 4.8, 4.0, 2.3, 20.6. III: 5.7, 2.8, 4.2, 4.0, 2.4, 19.1. IV: 6.9, 2.9, 5.7, 5.8, 2.4, 23.7. Palp: 3.5, 2.0, 2.6, -, 1.1, 9.2. Mid-widths (lateral): femora
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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= 1.2, 1.4, 1.3, 1.1, palp = 0.9; patellae
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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= 1.2, 1.3, 1.2, 1.3, palp = 1.1; tibiae
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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= 1.2, 1.0, 1.1, 0.9, palp = 1.1; metatarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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= 0.9, 0.9, 0.9, 0.8; tarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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= 1.0, 0.9, 1.0, 0.8, palp = 1.0. Abdomen 6.4 long, 4.0 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 0.7 long, 0.4 wide, 0.1 apart; PLS, 0.8 basal, 0.5 middle, 0.6 distal; mid-widths (lateral), 0.8, 0.7, 0.5, respectively. Carapace: length to width 1.06. Fovea 0.9 wide. Eyes: tubercle 0.4 high, 1.2 long, 1.7 wide. Clypeus 0.1. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior straight. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.4, ALE 0.4, PME 0.2, PLE 0.3,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–AME">AME-AME</normalizedToken>
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0.3,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–ALE">AME-ALE</normalizedToken>
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0.2,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–PME">AME-PME</normalizedToken>
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0.1,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–ALE">ALE-ALE</normalizedToken>
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1.2,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–PME">ALE-PME</normalizedToken>
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0.2,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PME">PME-PME</normalizedToken>
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1.0,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PLE">PME-PLE</normalizedToken>
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0.1,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PLE–PLE">PLE-PLE</normalizedToken>
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1.4,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–PLE">ALE-PLE</normalizedToken>
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0.1,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–PLE">AME-PLE</normalizedToken>
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0.3. Ratio of eye group width to length 2.5. Other characters as in female, except: maxillae: length to width: 1.4. Cuspules: 45 spread over ventral inner heel. Labium: 0.7 long, 1.2 wide, with 70-80 cuspules. Chelicerae: basal segments with seven teeth. Sternum: 3.0 long, 2.9 wide. Scopula: tarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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fully scopulate, IV with a few sparse setae. Metatarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
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4/5 scopulate; III 1/2 distal scopulate; IV 1/3 distal scopulate. IV divided by three wide row of setae. Urticating hairs type II (0.42 to 0.68 long, 0.01 to 0.02 wide) on the abdomen dorsum. Palp: embolus 1.2 long, with a 45° curvature to the retrolateral side. Embolus basal, middle and distal width of 0.15, 0.06 and 0.05, respectively. Tegulum 0.8 long. (Figs 12-14).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Brazil, states of Tocantins,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Maranhão">Maranhao</normalizedToken>
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and Piaui (Fig. 28).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="natural history">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Natural history.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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No available data. The male was collected by pitfall trap, the female was taking during a faunal rescue in a flooded area, and the immature in fossil tree samples coming from states of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Maranhão">Maranhao</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
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border.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |