139 lines
13 KiB
XML
139 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="897454D8191AB7C08BE40DF964CC7953" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930010023466" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5299771" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629999304536" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Skartveit, John" docDate="2010" docId="03AE752CFF94DA1C6258DF5AFF49B617" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.36.4.449-485.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 36 (4)" docSource="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00222930010023466" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C540815C53297EEE0623138269730482.2:JNatHist.2000-2002.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="C540815C53297EEE0623138269730482" docStyleName="JNatHist.2000-2002.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Bibio hortulanus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="462" masterDocId="FF970D54FF9ADA126315DD39FFB7B03F" masterDocTitle="The larvae of European Bibioninae (Diptera, Bibionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="485" masterPageNumber="449" pageNumber="462" updateTime="1699135042207" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="658A6C2C007A6BC1C19FAD79A6399962" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3FC7C2114A6AB95A762D6532A2C7E959">
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<mods:title id="8A7DDF691888A1770BE9A74821614E89">The larvae of European Bibioninae (Diptera, Bibionidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="536967D9864082B3B31092F4A3D506DC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4B2583D6032C171BFEEB6E5F89104A91">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D8D09EE4BB1F284B205D24E914322253">Skartveit, John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="796B6C75A2359CAA1D5B0F72F7123DAF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="F736DDABEB44BFC37855A45F7E238AE7">
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<mods:title id="48852ABBB0E7FCABF619750FCAB6258C">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="69AC4C6E355C37D8013693D4976980E2">
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<mods:date id="5EAB5ED6674B2CC812CAF548334A9C0C">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A76B31BF97AD4675B8CDED14A43E6F45" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="B2A664F09EA3CBF17F15D9AE4C88F43D">2010-12-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="928F7E62807C4986835267069C8C8735" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="FC896AEE46546FC0C7FE1ECA1FCCDD43">36</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="BC6AA83B0ED7B9F02D516F1D59482861" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="8B2CACEC95060DF4F2C0CAE870D1A655">4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="A9D3E8EF39005047B48BB2BEEA9B2F69">449</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="BFDB5047A27D425FB7E080F7944DBBA8">485</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="FC0A5EB98BD1CB0F4FB1E86DB107A4E6">
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<mods:url id="5575C6F62CF265BF38E92F1694E3EE5E">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00222930010023466</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C4B0ACC0464F4F945B4A35EFA3E4CF60">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3D2CEA05BE85102C0AE5D12287F6CD33" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930010023466</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4D3A1B4A71ECD33BFA4E43DFE0A4004E" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DDC9F8A03D0ACF149D553739AD463020" type="Zenodo-Dep">5299771</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03AE752CFF94DA1C6258DF5AFF49B617" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306406" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5306406" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE752CFF94DA1C6258DF5AFF49B617" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE752CFF94DA1C6258DF5AFF49B617" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">
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<subSubSection id="C31D97B1FF94DA1C6258DF5AFC8DB294" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF94DA1C6258DF5AFC32B244" blockId="14.[333,901,611,636]" box="[333,901,611,636]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">
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<heading id="D0F07356FF94DA1C6258DF5AFC32B244" box="[333,901,611,636]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07BFB9FF94DA1C6258DF5AFD66B244" ID-CoL="8B73N" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[333,721,611,635]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hortulanus">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C6258DF5AFDB2B244" bold="true" box="[333,517,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Bibio hortulanus</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus, 1758)
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</taxonomicName>
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(®gures 26±32)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF94DA1C63A6DFAAFC8DB294" blockId="14.[140,1095,659,1576]" box="[179,826,659,683]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Brownish yellow, dull. Body processes long and slender.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D97B1FF94DA1C63A6DF8AFF49B617" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF94DA1C63A6DF8AFDB1B2D4" blockId="14.[140,1095,659,1576]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">
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Body length
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C6259DF8AFE1DB2F4" box="[332,426,691,715]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.59" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="15.9">15.9 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C62AADF8DFE7BB2F4" box="[447,460,692,715]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">n</emphasis>
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= 1, larva collected in October, not full grown). Only possible to measure in
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<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF94DA1C6281DFEDFE48B2D4" box="[404,511,723,747]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" type="larva">one larva</specimenCount>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF94DA1C63A6DFCAFCF5B3D5" blockId="14.[140,1095,659,1576]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C63A6DFCAFF41B334" box="[179,246,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Head.</emphasis>
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Head capsule widths of
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<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF94DA1C613ADFCAFD19B334" box="[559,686,755,779]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" type="larva">four larvae</specimenCount>
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1.07, 1.22, 1.53 and
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C60B9DFCAFBB9B335" box="[940,1038,755,779]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.60 mm</quantity>
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., the two smaller probably represent sixth and the two larger seventh instar. Labrum (®gure 26) with three pairs on strong, blunt sensillae on fore margin, one pair of short, pointed sensillae on transverse carina. Mandible (®gure 27) with ®ve teeth. Maxilla (®gure 28): comb strongly curved with six or seven indistinct teeth, mesal teeth large and rounded. Prementum (®gure 28) with prominent anterior corners, wide mesal process and 10 sensillae. Stemmata present in the specimens at hand. Antenna rather large with numerous small, conical sensillae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF94DA1C63A6DECBFCEDB557" blockId="14.[140,1095,659,1576]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C63A6DECBFF43B435" box="[179,244,1010,1034]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Body.</emphasis>
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Processes long and slender. Outer processes of dorsal process row much longer than the four inner processes. Post-spiracular process as long as ®ve to six spiracle diameters, situated two spiracle diameters posterior to spiracle. Ninth abdominal segment rather short. Cuticle: prothorax (®gure 29) scales in the anterior part of segment slightly irregularly transverse-ova l scales apparently without spines,
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C6399D9A8FF55B496" box="[140,226,1169,1193]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="30.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="20.0">
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20±40
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C63C1D9A8FF55B496" bold="true" box="[212,226,1169,1193]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m wide by
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C624AD9A8FE01B496" box="[351,438,1169,1193]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="23.5" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="20.0">
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20 ±27
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C62BDD9A8FE01B496" bold="true" box="[424,438,1169,1193]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m long, between processes with larger oval scales carrying four to seven spines. Metathorax (®gure 30) and ®rst abdominal segment with larger scales
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C63C2D9E8FE99B4D6" box="[215,302,1233,1257]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">
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30±50
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C6235D9E8FE99B4D6" bold="true" box="[288,302,1233,1257]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m wide by
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C62A2D9E8FDB9B4D6" box="[439,526,1233,1257]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">
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20±30
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C6115D9E8FDB9B4D6" bold="true" box="[512,526,1233,1257]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m long, carrying one to ®ve spines and smaller, irregular, unarmed scales,
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C62A0D9C8FDBCB536" box="[437,523,1265,1289]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">
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10 ±20
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C62E8D9C8FDBCB536" bold="true" box="[509,523,1265,1289]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m wide, between them. Fourth abdominal segment (®gure 31) with larger scales
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C62F5D828FD80B516" box="[480,567,1297,1321]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">
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30±50
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C613CD828FD80B516" bold="true" box="[553,567,1297,1321]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m wide mostly with a single spine, but some with up to three spines, and irregular unarmed scales between them. Ninth abdominal segment (®gure 32) with indistinct, transverse, unarmed scales.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF94DA1C63A6D848FE48B597" blockId="14.[140,1095,659,1576]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C63A6D848FE88B5B6" box="[179,319,1393,1417]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Distribution.</emphasis>
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North and possibly also East Africa, Middle East, Europe north to the extreme south of
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<collectingCountry id="F31084AAFF94DA1C62B7D8A8FE4FB596" box="[418,504,1425,1449]" name="Sweden" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF94DA1C63A6D888FBF1B5F7" blockId="14.[140,1095,659,1576]" box="[179,1094,1457,1481]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C63A6D888FEA3B5F6" box="[179,276,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Ecology.</emphasis>
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Common on cultivated land, may occasionally damage crops severely.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF94DA1C63A6D8E9FF49B617" blockId="14.[140,1095,659,1576]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C63A6D8E9FEABB5D7" box="[179,284,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B6FCE67FF94DA1C6222D8E9FF4DB617" collectingDate="1908-10-09" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Lady M. S. Jenkyns" country="United Kingdom" location="Battey" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-larva="4">
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<collectingCountry id="F31084AAFF94DA1C6222D8E9FE22B5D7" box="[311,405,1488,1512]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">England</collectingCountry>
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: Hants.,
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<location id="8ED892E1FF94DA1C6111D8E8FDF9B5D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE752CFF94DA1C6258DF5AFF49B617:8ED892E1FF94DA1C6111D8E8FDF9B5D6" box="[516,590,1489,1513]" country="United Kingdom" name="Battey" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Battey</location>
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,
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<date id="FFB9E2FAFF94DA1C614AD8E9FCA6B5D7" box="[607,785,1488,1512]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" value="1908-10-09">
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<collectingDate id="EFFD1B12FF94DA1C614AD8E9FCA6B5D7" box="[607,785,1488,1512]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" value="1908-10-09">9 October 1908</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="26F2A1ECFF94DA1C6036D8E9FBB9B5D7" box="[803,1038,1488,1512]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Lady M. S. Jenkyns</collectorName>
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leg.,
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<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF94DA1C6399D8C9FF50B637" box="[140,231,1520,1544]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" type="larva">4 larvae</specimenCount>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED165CFFFF94DA1C63EED8C8FEE4B637" box="[251,339,1521,1544]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">BMNH</collectionCode>
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). The larvae were collected from a lawn in which they were very abundant
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |