169 lines
17 KiB
XML
169 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="F4D1187F78ECF27EA8BF8E7F157314D4" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930010023466" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5299771" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629999304536" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Skartveit, John" docDate="2010" docId="03AE752CFF89DA07624FD978FE9AB181" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.36.4.449-485.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 36 (4)" docSource="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00222930010023466" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C540815C53297EEE0623138269730482.2:JNatHist.2000-2002.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="C540815C53297EEE0623138269730482" docStyleName="JNatHist.2000-2002.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Bibio nigriventris Haliday 1833" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="469" masterDocId="FF970D54FF9ADA126315DD39FFB7B03F" masterDocTitle="The larvae of European Bibioninae (Diptera, Bibionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="485" masterPageNumber="449" pageNumber="467" updateTime="1699135042207" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D213085BCB7D5DADBAD80C86F02A0137">
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<mods:title id="CA77ADA147DDCC5BDB5404D9E5873722">The larvae of European Bibioninae (Diptera, Bibionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CB0A4117E4E047CD0ECA2771441E3498">Skartveit, John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="AC60310885182D5BE81DFDE94E4C1C00">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9D4FD47C82BE622F5C9B6F4C7D7D975C">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="ECA334D526D2DB512121ADB1A28C2A09">
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<mods:date id="E38304E26E8DA6A6D1F34BC43161418E">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5B3C76C872341FAE016F4711111BF571">2010-12-03</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E18C5FA79AC62984654AECDC193C6EC3" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="9E5C7ADF6B8C294E862F691C03C9334D">36</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E77B88DAF75EA649331997DDD1920526">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F4761EC601B8CD6E6C209FC176314DFA">449</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="0CB794FBD9B0651111E04797F99094CF">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00222930010023466</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="E728B3B70633B925A7DC78690AAADA9C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8B2EA70020D377EF0D02DE19DA6C768E" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930010023466</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CFE6A75FD7280AC4907FA4369BFDB1D7" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C5F6F0CBD35E60629136D5374A36E280" type="Zenodo-Dep">5299771</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AE752CFF89DA07624FD978FE9AB181" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306414" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5306414" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE752CFF89DA07624FD978FE9AB181" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE752CFF89DA07624FD978FE9AB181" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">
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<subSubSection id="C31D97B1FF89DA01624FD978FD14B489" pageId="19" pageNumber="467" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF89DA01624FD978FCC0B466" blockId="19.[346,887,1089,1114]" box="[346,887,1089,1114]" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">
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<heading id="D0F07356FF89DA01624FD978FCC0B466" box="[346,887,1089,1114]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="467" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07BFB9FF89DA01624FD978FD75B466" ID-CoL="68JPB" authority="Haliday, 1833" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[346,706,1089,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriventris">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF89DA01624FD978FDAEB466" bold="true" box="[346,537,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">Bibio nigriventris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96B9CBFF89DA016136D978FD75B466" author="HALIDAY, A. H." box="[547,706,1089,1113]" pageId="19" pageNumber="467" pagination="180" refId="ref15455" refString="HALIDAY, A. H., 1833, Catalogue of the Diptera occurring about Holywood in Downshire, Entomologist' s Magazine, 1, 147 ± 180." type="journal article" year="1833">Haliday, 1833</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(®gures 47±53)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF89DA0163A6D947FD14B489" blockId="19.[140,1095,1150,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">
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Larva described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96B9CBFF89DA01628AD947FDF0B4A9" author="MORRIS, H. M." box="[415,583,1150,1174]" pageId="19" pageNumber="467" pagination="232" refId="ref16049" refString="MORRIS, H. M., 1921, The larval and pupal stages of the Bibionidae, Bulletin of Entomologica l Research, 12, 221 ± 232." type="journal article" year="1921">Morris (1921)</bibRefCitation>
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. White, rather shiny, body processes short. Total length full-grown 11.0±
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF89DA0162C8D9A7FD8BB48A" box="[477,572,1182,1206]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="19" pageNumber="467" unit="mm" value="12.8">12.8 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF89DA01615BD9A7FDECB48A" box="[590,603,1182,1205]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">n</emphasis>
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= 10).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D97B1FF89DA0763A6D987FE9AB181" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="19" pageNumber="467" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF89DA0163A6D987FC0BB5A9" blockId="19.[140,1095,1150,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF89DA0163A6D987FF41B4E9" box="[179,246,1214,1238]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">Head.</emphasis>
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Yellowish red. Head capsule width seventh instar
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF89DA016051D987FC57B4EA" box="[836,992,1214,1238]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" metricValueMax="9.2" metricValueMin="8.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="467" unit="mm" value="0.905" valueMax="0.92" valueMin="0.89">0.89±0.92 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF89DA0160E4D987FC49B4EA" box="[1009,1022,1214,1237]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">n</emphasis>
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= 10). Labrum (®gure 47) with one pair of short setae on transverse carina. Mandible (®gure 48) with three teeth. Maxilla (®gure 49) mesally with three prominent teeth, one tooth between mesal teeth and comb, maxillary comb consisting of ®ve to six indistinct teeth. Inside of maxilla with 13±17 round`holes’, maxillary palp with a series of ®ve spines on membraneous area. Prementum (®gure 49) with 8±10 sensillae. Stemmata absent. Antenna diameter
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF89DA016122D846FDE7B5A9" box="[567,592,1407,1430]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">ca</emphasis>
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF89DA01614CD847FD31B5A9" box="[601,646,1406,1430]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="467" unit="m" value="40.0">
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40
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF89DA01616DD847FD31B5A9" bold="true" box="[632,646,1406,1430]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m with ®ve to six sensillae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF89DA0163A6D8A6FBA0B6A8" blockId="19.[140,1095,1150,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF89DA0163A6D8A6FF43B588" box="[179,244,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">Body.</emphasis>
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Processes rather short. Dorsal processes arranged in three pairs. Postspiracular processes approximately as long as three times spiracle diameter, placed approximately 3.5 spiracle diameters posterior to spiracle. Cuticle: scales wihout spines, roundish oval, with a regular outline, approximately
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF89DA016053D8C6FC2AB628" box="[838,925,1535,1559]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="467" unit="m" value="20.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="15.0">
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15 ±25
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF89DA01609AD8C6FC2AB628" bold="true" box="[911,925,1535,1559]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="467">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m in diameter. Prothorax (®gure 50) scales rather closely packed, those on other segments (®gures 51±53) separated by approximately one scale diameter from each other. Except for the segment borders, the cuticle structure is rather homogenous all over the body. Spiracles comparatively small and not at all protruding from the body surface.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF7894B2FF8EDA066399DB19FCDBB6BA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5299789" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5299789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5299789/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="468" startId="20.[140,156,1568,1589]" targetBox="[151,1088,134,1514]" targetPageId="20">
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF8EDA066399DB19FCDBB6BA" blockId="20.[140,1095,1567,1669]" pageId="20" pageNumber="468">
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FIGS 47±53.
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF8EDA066209DB26FE79B60A" box="[284,462,1567,1589]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="468">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07BFB9FF8EDA066209DB26FE7FB60A" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[284,456,1567,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriventris">Bibio nigriventris</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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(47) Labrum, dorsal view. (48) Mandible, internal view. (49) Maxilla and prementum, ventral view. (50) Cuticle of dorsal side of prothorax. (51) Cuticle of dorsal side of metathorax. (52) Cuticle of dorsal side of fourth abdominal segment. (53) Cuticle of dorsal side of ninth abdominal segment.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF8FDA0763A6DDBCFEB2B082" blockId="21.[140,1095,133,446]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF8FDA0763A6DDBCFE88B0A2" box="[179,319,133,157]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Common over most of Europe but uncommon above the timberline.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF8FDA0763A6DDFCFF50B120" blockId="21.[140,1095,133,446]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF8FDA0763A6DDFCFEA3B0E2" box="[179,276,197,221]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">Ecology.</emphasis>
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Rather eurytopical but most abundant in deciduous woodlands. Also occurs in coniferous forests. Larvae feed on leaf litter. Full-grown larvae in March to May.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF8FDA0763A6DC1FFE9AB181" blockId="21.[140,1095,133,446]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF8FDA0763A6DC1FFEABB101" box="[179,284,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">Material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B6FCE67FF8FDA076222DC1EFF78B161" collectingDate="1993-12-30" country="Norway" location="Finnuy" municipality="Sevheim" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-larva="10">
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<collectingCountry id="F31084AAFF8FDA076222DC1EFE25B100" box="[311,402,295,319]" name="Norway" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">Norway</collectingCountry>
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, RY:
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<location id="8ED892E1FF8FDA0762C8DC1FFD86B101" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE752CFF89DA07624FD978FE9AB181:8ED892E1FF8FDA0762C8DC1FFD86B101" box="[477,561,294,318]" country="Norway" municipality="Sevheim" name="Finnuy" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">Finnùy</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC5E40FF8FDA076154DC1FFD28B101" box="[577,671,294,318]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">Sevheim</collectingMunicipality>
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, birch forest,
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<date id="FFB9E2FAFF8FDA07605FDC1FFB96B101" box="[842,1057,294,318]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" value="1993-12-30">
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<collectingDate id="EFFD1B12FF8FDA07605FDC1FFB96B101" box="[842,1057,294,318]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" value="1993-12-30">30 December 1993</collectingDate>
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</date>
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<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF8FDA076739DC1FFF78B161" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" type="larva">10 larvae</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B6FCE67FF8FDA0763F1DC7FFE43B161" box="[228,500,326,350]" collectingDate="1994-04-20" country="Norway" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Finnuy" municipality="Sevheim" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-larva="3">
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<date id="FFB9E2FAFF8FDA0763F1DC7FFE3EB161" box="[228,393,326,350]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" value="1994-04-20">
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<collectingDate id="EFFD1B12FF8FDA0763F1DC7FFE3EB161" box="[228,393,326,350]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" value="1994-04-20">20 April 1994</collectingDate>
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</date>
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<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF8FDA076283DC7FFE43B161" box="[406,500,326,350]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<date id="FFB9E2FAFF8FDA07611FDC7FFD18B161" box="[522,687,326,350]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" value="1994-04-23">23 April 1994</date>
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<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF8FDA0761A9DC7FFCAEB161" box="[700,793,326,350]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="FFB9E2FAFF8FDA07603ADC7FFC63B161" box="[815,980,326,350]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" value="1994-04-26">26 April 1994</date>
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<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF8FDA0760F4DC7FFB89B161" box="[993,1086,326,350]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" type="larva">4 larvae</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="FFB9E2FAFF8FDA076399DC5FFEEEB141" box="[140,345,358,382]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" value="1995-02-16">16 February 1995</date>
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<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF8FDA076271DC5FFE6DB141" box="[356,474,358,382]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" type="larva">112 larvae</specimenCount>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B6FCE67FF8FDA0762F8DC5FFBF5B141" box="[493,1090,358,382]" collectingDate="1995-04-15" collectionCode="ZMUB" collectorName="J. Skartveit" country="Norway" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" specimenCount="68" specimenCount-larva="68">
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<date id="FFB9E2FAFF8FDA0762F8DC5FFD39B141" box="[493,654,358,382]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" value="1995-04-15">
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<collectingDate id="EFFD1B12FF8FDA0762F8DC5FFD39B141" box="[493,654,358,382]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" value="1995-04-15">15 April 1995</collectingDate>
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</date>
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<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF8FDA07618CDC5FFCB5B141" box="[665,770,358,382]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" type="larva">68 larvae</specimenCount>
|
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,
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<collectorName id="26F2A1ECFF8FDA076000DC5EFC2EB141" box="[789,921,358,382]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">J. Skartveit</collectorName>
|
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leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED165CFFFF8FDA0760F4DC5EFB83B141" box="[993,1076,359,382]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">ZMUB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B6FCE67FF8FDA076399DCBEFE92B181" collectingDate="1994-04-14" collectionCode="ZMUB" collectorName="J. Skartveit" country="Norway" location="Bergen" municipality="Fluyen" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-larva="3">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31084AAFF8FDA076399DCBEFF5FB1A0" box="[140,232,391,415]" name="Norway" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
, HOY:
|
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<location id="8ED892E1FF8FDA076259DCBEFE2DB1A0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE752CFF89DA07624FD978FE9AB181:8ED892E1FF8FDA076259DCBEFE2DB1A0" box="[332,410,391,415]" country="Norway" municipality="Fluyen" name="Bergen" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">Bergen</location>
|
||
,
|
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC5E40FF8FDA0762B8DCBFFE4BB1A1" box="[429,508,390,414]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">Flùyen</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, beech forest
|
||
<date id="FFB9E2FAFF8FDA0761B0DCBFFCF0B1A1" box="[677,839,390,414]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" value="1994-04-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFFD1B12FF8FDA0761B0DCBFFCF0B1A1" box="[677,839,390,414]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" value="1994-04-14">14 April 1994</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF8FDA076046DCBFFC19B1A1" box="[851,942,390,414]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469" type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2A1ECFF8FDA0760D7DCBEFBF0B1A1" box="[962,1095,390,414]" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">J. Skartveit</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED165CFFFF8FDA0763D2DC9FFEAAB181" box="[199,285,422,446]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="21" pageNumber="469">ZMUB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |