142 lines
15 KiB
XML
142 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="3D606DB0FCF886BE72C0A8F4F5D0DD1A" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930010023466" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5299771" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629999304536" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Skartveit, John" docDate="2010" docId="03AE752CFF83DA0B629DDDBCFD76B5B7" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.36.4.449-485.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 36 (4)" docSource="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00222930010023466" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C540815C53297EEE0623138269730482.2:JNatHist.2000-2002.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="C540815C53297EEE0623138269730482" docStyleName="JNatHist.2000-2002.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Bibio siebkei Mik 1887" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="473" masterDocId="FF970D54FF9ADA126315DD39FFB7B03F" masterDocTitle="The larvae of European Bibioninae (Diptera, Bibionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="485" masterPageNumber="449" pageNumber="473" updateTime="1699135042207" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3AB15CB7B09327B0C73A2A4C26FAB5F0">
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<mods:title id="734232F73C8E2DCD509278849B0866A6">The larvae of European Bibioninae (Diptera, Bibionidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="2A6F9879FBEE519F543E8C5F26B8FFD7" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="75F9DD340073E2C71F6AD6DCAB67850B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C45835F3427AF1AA937B44484CB4DA51">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0F0A7C70FA74327ACB4C5D9ECCF0922D">Skartveit, John</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="956ABCCBBAABF74A0D6660E8D607DC57">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="71A7442D1F038FC4AB4A3E7E8429FAFB" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="40A3DA87417FDD4D894583423498E86A">
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<mods:title id="A4C04FC463B032AF4D6B5A3FB067636B">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A2EC8AE16660A6969FB2FA4C481D6CAB">
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<mods:date id="B86DD7AEBA17D872784906905A725BED">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="0F3E46466C54C79B3498A3170DA917F7" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="66088D70D697C4B40EA240C5B83CA86C">2010-12-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="17F607763D88B5B39D986E6292D14D04" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2FFF0F305FEBDD1739DF4E82D2B581D2">36</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="9A5E39458E26151A79E9AC8F3961DC8B" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="5656A3E86485F801808A0D397AA87B08">4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="0170DD88AB86BEC380B180FC98ACCF67" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="34E3B14432D1B7B2ADBE719E79B3F285">449</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="F4C57E1BB4B316E8CAC61DC1896A49C7">485</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="E0379C1CF1388A93AE88F7F12C4E3958">
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<mods:url id="E8BAB917393D6D655CEBA8CD2929D05B">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00222930010023466</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="16420498930AA9D1CA3B0630F1ECD8BA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="44CF79237B6760CDF782EB71E2587888" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930010023466</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D7A08EF9072A2F3CDABA8132202E9F26" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="15312AECD2A87D4D70AB2D45C5E4CCA0" type="Zenodo-Dep">5299771</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03AE752CFF83DA0B629DDDBCFD76B5B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306422" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5306422" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE752CFF83DA0B629DDDBCFD76B5B7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE752CFF83DA0B629DDDBCFD76B5B7" lastPageNumber="473" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">
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<subSubSection id="C31D97B1FF83DA0B629DDDBCFEB7B0D2" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF83DA0B629DDDBCFCFDB0A2" blockId="25.[392,842,133,158]" box="[392,842,133,158]" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">
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<heading id="D0F07356FF83DA0B629DDDBCFCFDB0A2" box="[392,842,133,158]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07BFB9FF83DA0B629DDDBCFD21B0A2" ID-CoL="LRBZ" authority="Mik, 1887" authorityName="Mik" authorityYear="1887" box="[392,662,133,157]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siebkei">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B629DDDBCFDAFB0A2" bold="true" box="[392,536,133,157]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">Bibio siebkei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96B9CBFF83DA0B6135DDBCFD21B0A2" author="MIK, J." box="[544,662,133,157]" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" pagination="36" refId="ref15998" refString="MIK, J., 1887, Dipterologische Miscellen IV, Wiener entomologischer Zeitung, 6, 36." type="journal article" year="1887">Mik, 1887</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(®gures 68±74)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF83DA0B63A6DD8FFEB7B0D2" blockId="25.[140,1095,181,1417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">Larva not previously described. Greyish white, with a slight silky lustre, especially on pleura.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D97B1FF83DA0B63A6DDCCFD76B5B7" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF83DA0B63A6DDCCFE43B213" blockId="25.[140,1095,181,1417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B63A6DDCCFF41B132" box="[179,246,245,269]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">Head.</emphasis>
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Reddish brown. Head capsule width. First instar
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF83DA0B605ADDCCFC5BB133" box="[847,1004,245,269]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.26" valueMin="0.24">0.24±0.26 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B60EBDDCFFBBCB132" box="[1022,1035,246,269]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">n</emphasis>
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= 7). Second instar
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF83DA0B6223DC2CFE64B113" box="[310,467,277,301]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="0.31" valueMax="0.33" valueMin="0.29">0.29±0.33 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B62FDDC2FFE42B112" box="[488,501,278,301]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">n</emphasis>
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= 45). Third instar
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF83DA0B61F6DC2CFCF6B113" box="[739,833,277,301]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5999999999999996" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="0.36">0.36 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B6042DC2FFCD3B112" box="[855,868,278,301]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">n</emphasis>
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= 1). Fourth instar
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF83DA0B6399DC0CFF5DB173" box="[140,234,309,333]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="0.49">0.49 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B63E9DC0FFEBEB172" box="[252,265,310,333]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">n</emphasis>
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= 1). Fifth instar
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF83DA0B62C2DC0CFDC3B173" box="[471,628,309,333]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="6.7" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="0.615" valueMax="0.67" valueMin="0.56">0.56±0.67 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B6193DC0FFD24B172" box="[646,659,310,333]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">n</emphasis>
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= 12). Sixth instar
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF83DA0B6065DC0CFBBAB173" box="[880,1037,309,333]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="7.3" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="0.79" valueMax="0.85" valueMin="0.73">0.73±0.85 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B670ADC0FFB9BB172" box="[1055,1068,310,333]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">n</emphasis>
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= 7). Seventh instar
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF83DA0B6271DC6CFDB6B153" box="[356,513,341,365]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.65" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="8.8" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="0.965" valueMax="1.05" valueMin="0.88">0.88±1.05 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B6101DC6FFD96B152" box="[532,545,342,365]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">n</emphasis>
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= 19). Labrum (®gure 68) with a pair of short, peg-like setae on transverse carina. Mandible (®gure 69) with four teeth. Maxilla (®gure 70): comb with approximately six teeth, six to nine round`holes’ and pointed spines on inner surface, maxillary palp with series of three to ®ve spines on membraneous area. Prementum (®gure 70) with prominent anterior corners and 8±12 sensillae. Stemmata absent in the specimens examined. Antenna diameter
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B6060DCCCFC39B233" box="[885,910,501,524]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">ca</emphasis>
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF83DA0B6082DCCDFC73B233" box="[919,964,500,524]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="m" value="50.0">
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50
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B60A3DCCDFC73B233" bold="true" box="[950,964,500,524]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m with ®ve or six small and short sensillae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF83DA0B63A6DF0AFC11B456" blockId="25.[140,1095,181,1417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B63A6DF0AFF43B274" box="[179,244,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">Body.</emphasis>
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Processes rather short and pointed. Dorsal processes arranged in three pairs, the outermost processes slightly longer than the four central processes. Postspiracular processes as long as twice spiracle diameter, located two spiracle diameters behind spiracle. Processes on ninth abdominal segment located some distance from hind edge of segment, approximately 3/5 as long as segment. Cuticle: outline of scales rather diVuse, spines appear to be situated directly on the cuticle. Prothorax (®gure 71) scales just behind head small with one slender spine. Area in front of ®rst process row: scales
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF83DA0B628CDE2AFE47B314" box="[409,496,787,811]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="m" value="35.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="30.0">
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30±40
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B62F7DE2AFE47B314" bold="true" box="[482,496,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m wide, oval with two to ®ve pointed spines approximately as long as scales. The most anterior smaller scales located between process rows. Transverse bands with spineless scales rather narrow. Mesothorax, metathorax (®gure 72) and ®rst abdominal segments: larger scales mostly with three or four spines, second to seventh abdominal segments (®gure 73) scales with one to three spines, average spine number decreasing caudad, eighth abdominal segment: scales with one very stout and blunt spine. Ninth abdominal segment (®gure 74) scales without spines but some with blunt pegs, outline of scales very weakly de®ned, area posterior to processes with scales carrying short pegs. Ventral surface of ninth abdominal segment covered with scales with slender, single spines. Spiracles projecting approximately one-half spiracle diameter from cuticle surface.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF83DA0B63A6D948FEA2B4D6" blockId="25.[140,1095,181,1417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B63A6D948FE88B4B6" box="[179,319,1137,1161]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Holarctic. The Alps, Scandinavian mountains, Northern
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<collectingCountry id="F31084AAFF83DA0B60EED948FBF0B4B6" box="[1019,1095,1137,1161]" name="Russia" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">Russia</collectingCountry>
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including Novaya Zemlya, North America from Alaska and BaYn Island to Colorado (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96B9CBFF83DA0B6204D988FDCFB4F6" author="FITZGERALD, S. & SKARTVEIT, J." box="[273,632,1201,1225]" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" pagination="119" refId="ref15421" refString="FITZGERALD, S. and SKARTVEIT, J., 1997, Holarctic distributions in the genus Bibio (Diptera, Bibionidae), Entomologic a Scandinavica, 28, 103 ± 119." type="journal article" year="1997">Fitzgerald and Skartveit, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). Con®ned to high altitudes and subarctic areas.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF83DA0B63A6D9C8FD44B576" blockId="25.[140,1095,181,1417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B63A6D9C8FEA3B536" box="[179,276,1265,1289]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">Ecology.</emphasis>
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In Scandinavia, found mainly on lichen heaths and barren mountain slopes in the lower and mid-alpine zones. Larvae probably feed mostly on lichens. Life cycle takes 2 years (Skartveit and Solhùy, 1997).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF83DA0B63A6D868FD76B5B7" blockId="25.[140,1095,181,1417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF83DA0B63A6D868FEABB556" box="[179,284,1361,1385]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">Material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B6FCE67FF83DA0B6222D868FD0EB5B6" collectionCode="ZMUB" collectorName="T. Solhuy" country="Norway" elevation="1225" location="Eidfjord" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" specimenCount="333" specimenCount-larva="333">
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<collectingCountry id="F31084AAFF83DA0B6222D868FE25B556" box="[311,402,1361,1385]" name="Norway" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">Norway</collectingCountry>
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, HOI:
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<location id="8ED892E1FF83DA0B62F3D868FDF1B556" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE752CFF83DA0B629DDDBCFD76B5B7:8ED892E1FF83DA0B62F3D868FDF1B556" box="[486,582,1361,1385]" country="Norway" name="Eidfjord" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">Eidfjord</location>
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,
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<locationDeviation id="9A0ADD18FF83DA0B6143D868FC9BB556" box="[598,812,1361,1385]" location="Stigstuv" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF83DA0B6143D868FD17B556" box="[598,672,1361,1385]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="km" value="1.4">1.4 km</quantity>
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SE Stigstuv
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</locationDeviation>
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tourist hut, lichen heath
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<elevation id="002A2309FF83DA0B6399D848FEAFB5B7" box="[140,280,1393,1417]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="m" value="1225.0">
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF83DA0B6399D848FF6CB5B7" box="[140,219,1393,1417]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" unit="m" value="1225.0">1225 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.
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</elevation>
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<collectorName id="26F2A1ECFF83DA0B6234D848FE25B5B6" box="[289,402,1393,1417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">T. Solhùy</collectorName>
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leg.,
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<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF83DA0B62C7D848FDF0B5B6" box="[466,583,1393,1417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="473" type="larva">333 larvae</specimenCount>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED165CFFFF83DA0B6149D848FD05B5B6" box="[604,690,1393,1417]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="25" pageNumber="473">ZMUB</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |