170 lines
14 KiB
XML
170 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.272.3638" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d9179a94-657b-4767-ac4b-c51896135e2a" ID-PMC="PMC3677397" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-272-61" ID-PubMed="23794803" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-272-61" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 272" ModsDocTitle="Heptageniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) of Thailand" checkinTime="1451247612793" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Boonsoong, Boonsatien & Braasch, Dietrich" docDate="2013" docId="233C357F5E09A673969B0397961A3A7B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 272: 61-93" docOrigin="ZooKeys 272" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.272.3638" docTitle="Thalerosphyrus sinuosus Navas 1933" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="74" masterDocId="B10E7065FFC9476632304601BB162A08" masterDocTitle="Heptageniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) of Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="93" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1668155414448" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Heptageniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) of Thailand</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Boonsoong, Boonsatien</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Braasch, Dietrich</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>272</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>61</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>93</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.272.3638</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.272.3638</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-272-61</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152041089" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:233C357F5E09A673969B0397961A3A7B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/233C357F5E09A673969B0397961A3A7B" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="11" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Thalerosphyrus_sinuosus" authority="Navas, 1933" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus sinuosus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosus">
|
||
Thalerosphyrus sinuosus
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1933
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Figs 3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–D6C–D">B-D6C-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
9F
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus sinuosus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosus">Thalerosphyrus sinuosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1933: 70, F, Fig. 80. (orig.)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="72" type="larva">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="72">Larva.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Braasch, D" journalOrPublisher="Reichenbachia" pageId="26" pageNumber="87" pagination="201 - 206" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Thalerosphyrus Eaton, 1881 im Hinblick auf die Gattung Ecdyonuroides Thanh, 1967." volume="22" year="1984 b">
|
||
Braasch and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Soldán">Soldan</normalizedToken>
|
||
1984b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 203-205 (sub name
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus siamensis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siamensis">Thalerosphyrus siamensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dang, 1967, Figs 5-20v, 26)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="72" type="adult">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="72">Adult.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Navas, L" journalOrPublisher="Memorie dell'Accademia Pontifica dei Nuovi Lincei, Rome" pageId="27" pageNumber="88" pagination="75 - 108" title="Insecta orientalia. XII series." volume="17" year="1933">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
|
||
1933
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 70, F, fig. 80;
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="11" pageNumber="72">Ulmer 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 551-555, M&F, Figs 118-128;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Braasch, D" journalOrPublisher="Reichenbachia" pageId="26" pageNumber="87" pagination="201 - 206" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Thalerosphyrus Eaton, 1881 im Hinblick auf die Gattung Ecdyonuroides Thanh, 1967." volume="22" year="1984 b">
|
||
Braasch and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Soldán">Soldan</normalizedToken>
|
||
1984b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 201-206, Figs 1-8, M, 25.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="73" type="eggs">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="73" start="start">Eggs</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="73">KCTs randomly scattered laterally and concentrated at both poles, although larger and numerous at the pole (Fig. 6C). Rounded tubercles are scattered all over the surface of the chorion (Fig. 6D). Five - six micropyles located on equatorial plane.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="73">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="73">Widely distributed in many parts of Thai streams.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">
|
||
The combination of having a distinctly thickened anterior margin of the head capsule, long posterolateral spines on the abdomen, acutely pointed supracoxal spurs, and well-developed lamellae on gills 1 will distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thalerosphyrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ecdyonurinae">Ecdyonurinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera. Within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thalerosphyrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘sinuosus’">'sinuosus'</normalizedToken>
|
||
group of species with larvae having the above-mentioned combination, having in both sexes of adults "costal and subcostal fields with two indistict umbra-brown spots, the first at the beginning of pterostigmatic region, the second directly to the wing tip" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Navas, L" journalOrPublisher="Memorie dell'Accademia Pontifica dei Nuovi Lincei, Rome" pageId="27" pageNumber="88" pagination="75 - 108" title="Insecta orientalia. XII series." volume="17" year="1933">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
|
||
1933
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and a
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘determinatus’">'determinatus'</normalizedToken>
|
||
group, having larvae with short posterolateral spines; however, both sexes of adults have umbra-brown tinged costal and subcostal fields on forewings. In general, the species differentiation in the genus (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thalerosphyrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘sinuosus’">'sinuosus'</normalizedToken>
|
||
group) is unsatisfying and requires verification. The larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus sinuosus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosus">Thalerosphyrus sinuosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated by the combination of the following characters: gill 3 of rounded shape is much less wide than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus vietnamensis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vietnamensis">Thalerosphyrus vietnamensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Dang, 1967)
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="74" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
|
||
while in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus flowersi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flowersi">Thalerosphyrus flowersi</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Venkataraman, K" journalOrPublisher="Current Science" pageId="28" pageNumber="89" pagination="1126 - 1129" title="A new species of Thalerosphyrus from South India (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae)." volume="56" year="1987">Venkataraman and Sivaramakrishnan 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) the inner side of gill 1 has a straight margin, that of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus vietnamensis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vietnamensis">Thalerosphyrus vietnamensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus sinuosus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosus">Thalerosphyrus sinuosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
?) is slightly concave.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="74" type="habitat and biology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Habitat and biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus sinuosus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosus">Thalerosphyrus sinuosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae (Fig. 9F) are one of the most widespread mayfly species in Thailand. The larvae are found underneath stones in slow-flowing reaches of streams (water velocity approximately 3-7 cm/sec, water depth ranges between 7-17 cm). The larvae cling to submerged boulders and cobbles. Because they feed by grazing on diatoms, algae and detritus on stream rocks, they prefer rocky substrates in fairly clear to silty sediments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="74" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Only one species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thalerosphyrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Thalerosphyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalerosphyrus sinuosus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosus">Thalerosphyrus sinuosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
) was identified from Thailand and this species widely distributed in Thai streams. The larva and adults of this species were adequately described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Braasch, D" journalOrPublisher="Reichenbachia" pageId="26" pageNumber="87" pagination="201 - 206" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Thalerosphyrus Eaton, 1881 im Hinblick auf die Gattung Ecdyonuroides Thanh, 1967." volume="22" year="1984 b">
|
||
Braasch and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Soldán">Soldan</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1984b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Navas, L" journalOrPublisher="Memorie dell'Accademia Pontifica dei Nuovi Lincei, Rome" pageId="27" pageNumber="88" pagination="75 - 108" title="Insecta orientalia. XII series." volume="17" year="1933">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1933)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |