288 lines
57 KiB
XML
288 lines
57 KiB
XML
<document id="D063C324341A6C537211F1D5070E187D" ID-CLB-Dataset="36709" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4227.4.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="69b17c45-2ce2-42ba-b023-0b17f3b83fb4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="293613" ID-ZooBank="D71F8124-BD24-4FDC-A659-9ECC496150BD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1486670234657" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Okanishi, Masanori" docDate="2017" docId="038E87A04E7FD362FF7FFD7AE566FCF3" docLanguage="en" docName="data.D8284B1967D88C5941EF86CB439E2B88.cached" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4227 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens Mortensen 1933, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="552" masterDocId="FFB7FFD84E79D36BFFE8FFFFE11FFF8C" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the genus Astrohelix Döderlein, 1930 including the synonymy of the subgenus Asteroporpa (Astromoana) Baker, 1980 to Astrohelix" masterLastPageNumber="553" masterPageNumber="543" pageNumber="549" updateTime="1698436741822" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="52620DEEC7DDF5CF9E1B2E2DF4D305F8">A taxonomic review of the genus Astrohelix Döderlein, 1930 including the synonymy of the subgenus Asteroporpa (Astromoana) Baker, 1980 to Astrohelix</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DD4154B181216D464643AB825AA60D19">Okanishi, Masanori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="48BBDF9C13F788318E3BAAF0B479DD30">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="47A1DB08DB1A35C9A69CA3E095BAADB3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D781EEA9F3C3EBD05C51975C658291B3">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9A613A4EA23327E549E86FF754C18A9D">4227</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038E87A04E7FD362FF7FFD7AE566FCF3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5688480" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127678110" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5688480" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87A04E7FD362FF7FFD7AE566FCF3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038E87A04E7FD362FF7FFD7AE566FCF3" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="552" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
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<subSubSection id="C33D653D4E7FD36DFF7FFD7AE015FD4C" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9836B64E7FD36DFF7FFD7AE2A2FD13" blockId="6.[151,957,645,704]" box="[151,957,645,671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
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<heading id="D0D081DA4E7FD36DFF7FFD7AE2A2FD13" bold="true" box="[151,957,645,671]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFF7FFD7AE2A2FD13" bold="true" box="[151,957,645,671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D354E7FD36DFF7FFD7AE22FFD13" ID-CoL="01e4bbf4-6361-48f9-a2b1-c43189fd9394" authority="Mortensen, 1933" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,816,645,671]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Asteroporpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="paucidens" status="comb. nov." subGenus="Astrohelix">
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<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFF7FFD7AE034FD13" bold="true" box="[151,299,645,671]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Asteroporpa</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFED4FD7AE0A6FD13" bold="true" box="[316,441,645,671]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Astrohelix</emphasis>
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||
)
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<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFE22FD7AE35BFD13" bold="true" box="[458,580,645,671]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">paucidens</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B474E7FD36DFDBCFD7AE238FD13" author="Mortensen" box="[596,807,645,671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" refString="Mortensen, T. (1933) Studies of Indo-Pacific euryalids. Fidenskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i KjObenhavn, 96, 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1933">Mortensen, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057DF4E7FD36DFCDFFD7AE2A2FD13" box="[823,957,645,671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9836B64E7FD36DFF7FFD58E015FD4C" blockId="6.[151,957,645,704]" box="[151,266,679,704]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFF77FD58E01CFD4C" box="[159,259,679,704]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetId-1="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Figs 3–4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D653D4E7FD36DFF7FFD0FE2BCFC8A" box="[151,931,752,774]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9836B64E7FD36DFF7FFD0FE2BCFC8A" blockId="6.[151,931,752,774]" box="[151,931,752,774]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D354E7FD36DFF7FFD0FE3BEFC8A" ID-CoL="81dbd30e-7e9f-4ffc-98f1-f611b5288383" authority="Mortensen, 1933" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,673,752,774]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrohelix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="variety" species="bellator" variety="paucidens">
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<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFF7FFD0FE04BFC8A" box="[151,340,752,774]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Astrohelix bellator</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFE6EFD0FE0F3FC8A" box="[390,492,752,774]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">paucidens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B474E7FD36DFE1BFD0EE3BEFC8A" author="Mortensen" box="[499,673,752,774]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" refString="Mortensen, T. (1933) Studies of Indo-Pacific euryalids. Fidenskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i KjObenhavn, 96, 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1933">Mortensen, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 26–27, pl. 5, figs 18–19.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D653D4E7FD36DFF7FFCCDE3E8FCE3" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9836B64E7FD36DFF7FFCCDE3E8FCE3" blockId="6.[151,1437,818,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
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<materialsCitation id="3B4F3CEB4E7FD36DFF7FFCCDE3E8FCE3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1427602969" collectingDate="1898-05-23" collectionCode="ZMUC, OPH-" country="Japan" elevation="190" location="Goto Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" specimenCode="OPH-225" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFF7FFCCDE059FCC7" bold="true" box="[151,326,818,843]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
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<typeStatus id="549C88144E7FD36DFF7FFCCDE1CDFCC7" box="[151,210,818,843]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED36AE734E7FD36DFEA6FCCCE080FCC7" box="[334,415,819,843]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">ZMUC</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="DB819ECD4E7FD36DFE4FFCCDE30AFCC7" box="[423,533,818,843]" collectionCode="OPH-" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
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<collectionCode id="ED36AE734E7FD36DFE4FFCCDE0F4FCC7" box="[423,491,818,843]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">OPH-</collectionCode>
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225
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</specimenCode>
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,
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<typeStatus id="549C88144E7FD36DFDCAFCCDE39BFCC7" box="[546,644,818,843]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D354E7FD36DFD44FCCCE531FCC7" box="[684,1070,819,843]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrohelix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="variety" species="bellator" variety="paucidens">
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||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFD44FCCCE260FCC7" box="[684,895,819,843]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Astrohelix bellator</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFC51FCCCE531FCC7" box="[953,1070,819,843]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">paucidens</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFBC6FCCCE52DFCC7" box="[1070,1074,819,843]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">,</emphasis>
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||
north off
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||
<location id="8EF8606D4E7FD36DFB4EFCCCE427FCC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87A04E7FD362FF7FFD7AE566FCF3:8EF8606D4E7FD36DFB4EFCCCE427FCC7" box="[1190,1336,818,843]" country="Japan" name="Goto Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Goto Islands</location>
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, western
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<collectingCountry id="F33076264E7FD36DFF7FFCA8E1C5FCE2" box="[151,218,855,878]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Japan</collectingCountry>
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, 32˚10’N, 128˚20’E,
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<elevation id="000AD1854E7FD36DFE21FCA8E30FFCE2" box="[457,528,855,879]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" unit="m" value="190.0">
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||
<quantity id="4CDF9B534E7FD36DFE21FCA8E30FFCE2" box="[457,528,855,879]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" unit="m" value="190.0">190 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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deep,
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<collectingDate id="EFDDE99E4E7FD36DFDB2FCA8E3EDFCE3" box="[602,754,855,879]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" value="1898-05-23">
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||
<date id="FF9910764E7FD36DFDB2FCA8E3EDFCE3" box="[602,754,855,879]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" value="1898-05-23">23 May 1898</date>
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</collectingDate>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33D653D4E7FD36DFF2FFC85E3A5FC57" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9836B64E7FD36DFF2FFC85E3A5FC57" blockId="6.[151,1437,818,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
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<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFF2FFC85E05EFC1F" bold="true" box="[199,321,890,915]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Epidermal ossicles are plate-shaped and cone-shaped on radial shields; plate-shaped on oral plate; cone-shaped with one or two relatively short terminal projections, on the lateral interradial disc; hooklet-bearing plates on the basal portion of arms are separated.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D653D4E7FD362FF2FFC19E0EDFCD0" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="552" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9836B64E7FD36DFF2FFC19E453FC73" blockId="6.[151,1437,818,2031]" box="[199,1356,998,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
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||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFF2FFC19E31EFC73" bold="true" box="[199,513,998,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
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||
Redescription of
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<typeStatus id="549C88144E7FD36DFE7BFC19E0E3FC73" box="[403,508,998,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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</emphasis>
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||
Size is
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||
<quantity id="4CDF9B534E7FD36DFDB0FC19E3B1FC72" box="[600,686,998,1023]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" unit="mm" value="6.8">6.8 mm</quantity>
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||
in disc diameter, at least
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||
<quantity id="4CDF9B534E7FD36DFC22FC18E506FC72" box="[970,1049,999,1023]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
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||
in arm length (
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<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFB2CFC19E41AFC73" box="[1220,1285,998,1023]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A–B).
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9836B64E7FD36DFF2FFBF4E483FA07" blockId="6.[151,1437,818,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFF2FFBF4E01DFBAE" box="[199,258,1035,1058]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Disc.</emphasis>
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||
Disc is five-lobed in shape with notched interradial edges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFC75FBF5E2C0FBAF" box="[925,991,1034,1059]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A–B). On the aboral side, radial shields and their surrounds are slightly tumid (
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<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFDA2FBD1E394FBCB" box="[586,651,1070,1095]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A, C). There are no conspicuous raised rows of hooklet-bearing plates and two hooklet-bearing plates are scattered on periphery of each radial shield (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFBDAFBADE567FBE7" box="[1074,1144,1106,1131]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[242,1343,193,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[242,1344,193,1824]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype (ZMA E 2044) of Astrotoma bellator Koehler, 1904 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) bellator (Koehler, 1904 )). A, a madreporite; B, lateral interradius of the disc; C, oral view of basal portion of the arm; D, aboral view of basal portion of the arm; E, lateral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of middle portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm; H, lateral view of distal portion of the arm. Arrow heads indicate a madreporite (A), cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (D, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine; T, tentacles pore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306387/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Each hooklet has two inner teeth. Except for the hooklet-bearing plates, the aboral periphery of the disc is covered both by flat, round plate-shaped epidermal ossicles and by cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFC0AFB65E538FB3F" box="[994,1063,1178,1203]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E). The flat and round plateshaped epidermal ossicles are approximately 150–240 µm in length at center of the disc and 110–190 µm in length at the periphery of the disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFE04FB1DE32DFB77" box="[492,562,1250,1275]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E). The cone-shaped epidermal ossicles have typically two, rarely three terminal projections, which are approximately half the height of the cone-shaped epidermal ossicles. The coneshaped epidermal ossicles are approximately 160–190 µm in length at center of the disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFB1DFAD5E421FACF" box="[1269,1342,1322,1347]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D), and approximately 180 µm in length at periphery of the disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFCFFFAB1E246FAEB" box="[791,857,1358,1383]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E). Radial shields are completely concealed by oval epidermal ossicles, approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B534E7FD36DFDF4FA8CE342FA06" box="[540,605,1395,1419]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B534E7FD36DFD14FA8DE24DFA06" box="[764,850,1394,1419]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width, that do not reach the disc center (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFADFFA8DE466FA07" box="[1335,1401,1394,1419]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836B64E7FD36DFF2FFA69E2A9F927" blockId="6.[151,1437,818,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
|
||
The oral surface of the disc is covered both by flat, polygonal plate-shaped epidermal ossicles and by coneshaped epidermal ossicles with one to three terminal projections, similar to those on the aboral periphery of the disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFF77FA21E1FEFA7B" box="[159,225,1502,1527]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
F). The cone-shaped epidermal ossicles are scattered on the periphery of the disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFB99FA21E5ACFA7B" box="[1137,1203,1502,1527]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B). The plate-shaped epidermal ossicles are approximately 95–130 µm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFD26F9FDE20FF997" box="[718,784,1538,1563]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
F). The cone-shaped epidermal ossicles are approximately 110 µm in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFE91F9D9E0DFF9B3" box="[377,448,1574,1599]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Oral shields, adoral shields, oral plates and ventral arm plates are concealed by epidermal ossicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFE9DF9B5E0A7F9EF" box="[373,440,1610,1635]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Uniformly acute and spiniform teeth are situated on the jaws. The length of the teeth vary depending on their location on the jaw. On the top of the jaws, they are approximately 170 µm in length, and gradually decrease in length toward the basal part of the jaws (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFCBCF96DE289F927" box="[852,918,1682,1707]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836B64E7FD36DFF2FF949E38CF80F" blockId="6.[151,1437,818,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
|
||
The lateral interradial surface of the disc is slightly inclined toward the oral side and covered both by coneshaped epidermal ossicles with one or two terminal projections, similar to those on oral surface of the disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFA87F925E1B9F89B" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A). The cone-shaped epidermal ossicles are approximately 110–190 µm in length. The terminal projections of the cone-shaped epidermal ossicles are approximately the same length as the height of the ossicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFB2DF8DDE417F8B7" box="[1221,1288,1826,1851]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Two pore like genital slits (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B534E7FD36DFEB7F8B8E0A6F8D2" box="[351,441,1863,1887]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B534E7FD36DFDD8F8B8E389F8D2" box="[560,662,1863,1887]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" unit="mm" value="0.13">0.13 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) are present in each interradius (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFBBDF8B9E585F8D3" box="[1109,1178,1862,1887]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B). One hemispherical madreporite is situated on an oral interradius.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836B64E7FD36DFF2FF870E204F863" blockId="6.[151,1437,818,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7FD36DFF2FF870E015F82A" box="[199,266,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Arms.</emphasis>
|
||
Arms are simple, five in number, and have no abrupt change in thickness (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFBA3F871E593F82B" box="[1099,1164,1934,1959]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B). The basal portion of the arm is
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B534E7FD36DFEC1F84DE061F846" box="[297,382,1970,1995]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="549" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide and almost the same height as the width, with an arched aboral surface and flattened oral surface. Arms taper gradually toward the arm tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E7FD36DFD20F829E212F863" box="[712,781,2006,2031]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="549">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF58663E4E7ED36CFF7FF8FEE220F8FF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293616/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="550" targetBox="[151,1432,193,1772]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836B64E7ED36CFF7FF8FEE220F8FF" blockId="7.[151,1436,1793,1907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="550">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7ED36CFF7FF8FEE007F89B" bold="true" box="[151,280,1793,1815]" pageId="7" pageNumber="550">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype (ZMUC OPH-225) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D354E7ED36CFD6CF8FEE568F89B" authority="Mortensen, 1933" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1933" box="[644,1143,1793,1815]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrohelix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="7" pageNumber="550" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="bellator" subSpecies="paucidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7ED36CFD6CF8FEE2A6F89B" box="[644,953,1793,1815]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="550">Astrohelix bellator paucidens</emphasis>
|
||
Mortensen, 1933
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D354E7ED36CFB72F8FDE0D3F8BA" authority="Mortensen, 1933" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1933" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Asteroporpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="7" pageNumber="550" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="paucidens" subGenus="Astrohelix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7ED36CFB72F8FDE408F89B" box="[1178,1303,1794,1815]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="550">Asteroporpa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7ED36CFAC4F8FEE48CF89B" box="[1324,1427,1793,1815]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="550">Astrohelix</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E7ED36CFF7FF8DFE1E1F8BA" box="[151,254,1824,1846]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="550">paucidens</emphasis>
|
||
(Mortensen, 1933))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, aboral disc and basal portion of the arm; D, aboral central part of the disc; E, periphery of the aboral disc; F, Jaws. Arrow heads indicate a cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (B, D), hookletbearing plates (C) and a hooklet (E). Abbreviation: GS, genital slit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF58663E4E71D363FF7FF94DE27AF8ED" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="551" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836B64E71D363FF7FF94DE27AF8ED" blockId="8.[151,1436,1714,1889]" pageId="8" pageNumber="551">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E71D363FF7FF94DE007F944" bold="true" box="[151,280,1714,1736]" pageId="8" pageNumber="551">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype (ZMUC OPH-225) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D354E71D363FD6CF94DE568F944" authority="Mortensen, 1933" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1933" box="[644,1143,1714,1736]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrohelix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="8" pageNumber="551" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="bellator" subSpecies="paucidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E71D363FD6CF94DE2A6F944" box="[644,953,1714,1736]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="551">Astrohelix bellator paucidens</emphasis>
|
||
Mortensen, 1933
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D354E71D363FB72F94CE0D0F96B" authority="Mortensen, 1933" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1933" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Asteroporpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="8" pageNumber="551" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="paucidens" subGenus="Astrohelix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E71D363FB72F94CE408F944" box="[1178,1303,1715,1736]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="551">Asteroporpa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E71D363FAC4F94DE48CF944" box="[1324,1427,1714,1736]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="551">Astrohelix</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E71D363FF7FF92EE1E1F96B" box="[151,254,1745,1767]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="551">paucidens</emphasis>
|
||
(Mortensen, 1933))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C–D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836B64E71D362FF2FF876E3FBFDB0" blockId="8.[151,1436,1928,2025]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,896]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="552" pageId="8" pageNumber="551">
|
||
On the aboral and lateral surface, each arm segment is ringed by single transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E71D363FF00F853E032F849" box="[232,301,1964,1989]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="551">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B, E, G). On the basal three or four arm segments, each hooklet-bearing plate is separated by domed and polygonal plate-shaped epidermal ossicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E71D363FD59F82FE3E9F865" box="[689,758,2000,2025]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="551">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B). On the fifth and subsequent distal segments, those plates are fully in contact with each other (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E70D362FDDDFF68E366FF3C" box="[565,633,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
E, G). Each hooklet on the basal one fourth of the arm bears two inner teeth. Toward the distal portion of the arm, the number of the inner teeth decreases to one. The aboral and lateral surface of the basal arm, except for the hooklet-bearing plates, is completely covered by polygonal plate-shaped epidermal ossicles of approximately 110–200 µm in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E70D362FCA9FEFBE298FE90" box="[833,903,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B). The oral surface is covered by plate-shaped epidermal ossicles similar to those on the oral surface of the disc of approximately 90–190 µm in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E70D362FADDFED8E467FECC" box="[1333,1400,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A). In the middle portion of the arm, the aboral and lateral surface is covered by slightly domed and round plate-shaped epidermal ossicles, approximately 70–90 µm in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E70D362FCE2FE90E252FE04" box="[778,845,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
E). The oral surface is covered by flat and polygonal plate-shaped epidermal ossicles, approximately 110–140 µm in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E70D362FC2DFE6BE514FE20" box="[965,1035,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C). In the distal portion of the arm, aboral and lateral surface is covered by flat and round plate-shaped epidermal ossicles, approximately 70 µm in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E70D362FF1DFE23E05DFE78" box="[245,322,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
G). The oral surface is covered by flat and slightly round plate-shaped epidermal ossicles approximately 60 µm in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E70D362FDF0FE00E37EFD94" box="[536,609,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
F). Along the entire arm, lateral arm plates and ventral arm plates are completely concealed by epidermal ossicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E70D362FD7AFDDBE3C8FDB0" box="[658,727,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836B64E70D362FF2FFDB8E330FC98" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">
|
||
First tentacle pores have no arm spine; from the second pore to the middle portion of the arm there are five arm spines. The number of arm spines decrease gradually to a single spine toward the arm tip. Throughout the arm, all the arm spines are approximately half the length of the corresponding arm segment, and are covered by a thin integument (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E70D362FEC0FD4BE070FD40" box="[296,367,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A, D, F). Arm spines on the basal one-fourth of the arm are ovoid, carrying three terminal projections. In the middle to distal portion, the arm spines change to being hook-shaped and the inner most spines possess one inner tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A334E70D362FE43FD03E0F1FC98" box="[427,494,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1693]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype (ZMUC OPH- 225) of Astrohelix bellator paucidens Mortensen, 1933 (= Asteroporpa (Astrohelix) paucidens (Mortensen, 1933 )). A, oral view of basal portion of the arm; B, aboral view of basal portion of the arm, a black arrow head indicates a hooklet on aboral periphery of the disc; C – D, oral views of middle portion of the arm, focusing on epidermal ossicles (C) and on arm spines (D); E, aboral view of middle portion of the arm; F, oral view of distal portion of the arm; G, aboral view of distal portion of the arm. White arrow heads indicate cone-shaped epidermal ossicles (A) and transverse rows of hooklet-bearing plates (B, E, G). Abbreviation: AS, arm spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293617/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D, F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836B64E70D362FF2FFCDFE0EDFCD0" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E70D362FF2FFCDFE012FCB4" box="[199,269,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Color.</emphasis>
|
||
In ethanol specimen, body color is uniform creamy white. No living color information for original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B474E70D362FECAFCBBE0FAFCD0" author="Mortensen" box="[290,485,836,860]" pageId="9" pageNumber="552" refString="Mortensen, T. (1933) Studies of Indo-Pacific euryalids. Fidenskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i KjObenhavn, 96, 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1933">Mortensen, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D653D4E70D362FF2FFC98E566FCF3" box="[199,1145,871,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="552" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836B64E70D362FF2FFC98E566FCF3" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,896]" box="[199,1145,871,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EAA44E70D362FF2FFC98E07FFC0C" bold="true" box="[199,352,871,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33076264E70D362FE8FFC97E0B4FCF3" box="[359,427,872,895]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
: north of Goto
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33076264E70D362FDBDFC98E383FC0C" box="[597,668,871,896]" name="Iceland" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B534E70D362FD4FFC97E3F1FCF3" box="[679,750,872,896]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="552" unit="m" value="190.0">190 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B474E70D362FD15FC97E2A0FC0C" author="Mortensen" box="[765,959,872,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="552" refString="Mortensen, T. (1933) Studies of Indo-Pacific euryalids. Fidenskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i KjObenhavn, 96, 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1933">Mortensen, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33076264E70D362FBDAFC97E56AFCF3" box="[1074,1141,872,895]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="552">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |