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<document id="811A5D6482D97FB202BB1FDA5F03FE78" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.599.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="33fc78fe-fc70-479c-a7df-45ed80b97885" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8012497" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1686118197613" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Karremans, Adam P. &amp; Jiménez, José Esteban" docDate="2023" docId="03C587F4DA264330FF55758AFA16FC03" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.599.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 599 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.599.3.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.6:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Pleurothallis pugio Karremans &amp; J. E. Jimenez. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="153" masterDocId="FFFCFF8CDA244333FFDD713EFF9BFFD2" masterDocTitle="Pleurothallis pugio (Orchidaceae), a new Pleurothallidinae from Costa Rica" masterLastPageNumber="154" masterPageNumber="150" pageNumber="152" updateTime="1686161195854" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="179BB0EE6AA1F6F780ADF6B48C47B98D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="74CF4D412063C7540C8D2EB0FBF0CFA0">
<mods:title id="A15CD0A76178B75973E725B14C0178E1">Pleurothallis pugio (Orchidaceae), a new Pleurothallidinae from Costa Rica</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="2FB1A2A9039E6879B0557E634640AD8F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2BFEFC5B8CAC7FE81017B61053775F1E">Karremans, Adam P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BF8D1A04145408DAA2C2507EE7FD4303" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5987-7710</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7620172DA259F6BA26441DBA3F18D84B">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica. Apdo. 302 - 7050 Cartago, Costa Rica. &amp; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Endless Forms Group, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands. &amp; adam. karremans @ ucr. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5987 - 7710</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DFFA25B8923B063A4DD72A734B3B96F6" type="email">adam.karremans@ucr.ac.cr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="ABE1AFEE49A036D3664BE454EAE7C2DA">Jiménez, José Esteban</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D4D169FC3C762B18C3D3A70264169D51" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8154-2156</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DD672FDB5B48198478CEECA2ACFA7BD8">University of Florida Herbarium, Florida Museum of Natural History, 379 Dickinson Hall, 1659 Museum Rd., and Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA. &amp; Research Associate, Herbario Luis A. Fournier Origgi (USJ), Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apartado 11501 - 2060, San José, Costa Rica. &amp; gaiadendron. jej @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8154 - 2156</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1E25C3CB604E061B9F66F88319D2C9C1" type="email">gaiadendron.jej@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="A991D917C84A2328B8C9B6AE6E19F92B">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="347D6A2A1BBAAD0D05913EF27D728E62">
<mods:date id="A6F29DFA532B393109A6BFAA541A405E">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="97772DA62D1B16F01BCF2654DB32989E" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="5D4C42302E62F8BE5F99E9BE951EDD15">2023-06-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4E8D10C5F6682BA89A24D595DB49BBB3">599</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C587F4DA264330FF55758AFA16FC03" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8015097" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8015097" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C587F4DA264330FF55758AFA16FC03" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587F4DA264330FF55758AFA16FC03" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">
<subSubSection id="C3766569DA264331FF55758AFC3CFB1C" box="[136,935,1204,1231]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD336E2DA264331FF55758AFC3CFB1C" blockId="2.[136,1452,1204,1338]" box="[136,935,1204,1231]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA264331FF55758AFD0DFB1C" authority="Karremans &amp; J.E. Jimenez" authorityName="Karremans &amp; J. E. Jimenez. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,662,1204,1231]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pugio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FF55758AFEFBFB1C" box="[136,352,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Pleurothallis pugio</emphasis>
Karremans &amp; J.E. Jiménez
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FD7D758BFD6EFB1C" box="[672,757,1205,1230]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22B578BDA264331FD7D758BFD6EFB1C" box="[672,757,1205,1230]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13572A67DA264331FCD8758AFC02FB1C" box="[773,921,1204,1230]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="1.[136,229,1881,1903]" captionStartId-1="2.[136,229,950,972]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,187,1854]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,190,926]" captionTargetId-0="figure-23@1.[151,1436,187,1854]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@2.[151,1435,190,926]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. LCDP of Pleurothallis pugio Karremans &amp; J.E. Jiménez. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence, showing the branching succession. C. Two-flowered inflorescence branch. D. Flower. E. Dissected perianth. F. Column and lip, lateral view. G. Column and ovary, lateral view. H. Anther cap and pollinarium. Plate by APK based on type specimen Jiménez &amp; Morales 6614 (JBL-spirit)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Floral comparison. A. Pleurothallis pugio Karremans &amp; J.E. Jiménez, Jiménez &amp; Morales 6614 (JBL-spirit). B. Pleurothallis rowleei Ames, JBL-033598 (JBL-spirit). C. Pleurothallis dentipetala Rolfe ex Ames, Karremans 7287 (JBL-spirit). Photographs by APK and Lizbeth Oses." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8012499" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8012501" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8012499/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8012501/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Figures 1–2a</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766569DA264331FF5575E2FE0CFAE8" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD336E2DA264331FF5575E2FE0CFAE8" blockId="2.[136,1452,1204,1338]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FF5575E2FF21FB23" bold="true" box="[136,186,1244,1265]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Type</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="3B043CBFDA264331FF0B75E2FE08FAE8" collectingDate="2023-02-07" collectorName="J. E. Jimenez &amp; P. Morales" country="Costa Rica" county="San Carlos" elevation="767" latitude="10.286564" location="Buena Vista" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-84.46505" municipality="Ciudad Quesada" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Alajuela" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F37B7672DA264331FF0B75E2FEF0FB23" box="[214,363,1244,1265]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49A8F800DA264331FEAA75E2FE57FB20" box="[375,460,1244,1266]" country="Costa Rica" name="Alajuela" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Alajuela</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="62B24E6EDA264331FE0775E2FDD2FB20" box="[474,585,1244,1266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">San Carlos</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB7AC98DA264331FD8575E2FD67FB20" box="[600,764,1244,1266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Ciudad Quesada</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EB36039DA264331FCD675E2FC1DFB20" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C587F4DA264330FF55758AFA16FC03:8EB36039DA264331FCD675E2FC1DFB20" box="[779,902,1244,1266]" country="Costa Rica" county="San Carlos" latitude="10.286564" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-84.46505" municipality="Ciudad Quesada" name="Buena Vista" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" stateProvince="Alajuela">Buena Vista</location>
, bosque aledaño a
<location id="8EB36039DA264331FB9075E2FB67FB20" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C587F4DA264330FF55758AFA16FC03:8EB36039DA264331FB9075E2FB67FB20" box="[1101,1276,1244,1266]" country="Costa Rica" county="San Carlos" latitude="10.286564" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-84.46505" municipality="Ciudad Quesada" name="Laguna Gonzalez" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" stateProvince="Alajuela">Laguna González</location>
, bosque primario
<location id="8EB36039DA264331FF60743EFEB5FAC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C587F4DA264330FF55758AFA16FC03:8EB36039DA264331FF60743EFEB5FAC4" box="[189,302,1280,1302]" country="Costa Rica" county="San Carlos" latitude="10.286564" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-84.46505" municipality="Ciudad Quesada" name="Intervenido" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" stateProvince="Alajuela">Intervenido</location>
,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE585025DA264331FE3F743EFD18FAC7" box="[482,643,1280,1302]" degrees="84" direction="west" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" precision="1" seconds="54.19" value="-84.46505">84°27’54.19’’ W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FD53743EFD55FAC7" box="[654,718,1280,1302]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.67" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="767.0">
<elevation id="0041D1D1DA264331FD53743EFD55FAC7" box="[654,718,1280,1302]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.67" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="767.0">767 m</elevation>
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, florecido y preparado el
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<collectingDate id="EF96E9CADA264331FC14743EFBFDFAC7" box="[969,1126,1280,1302]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" value="2023-02-07">07 febrero 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FBAC743EFA30FAC7" box="[1137,1451,1280,1301]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">
<collectorName id="26995334DA264331FBAC743EFB70FAC7" box="[1137,1259,1280,1301]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">J.E. Jiménez</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26995334DA264331FAD1743EFAEFFAC7" box="[1292,1396,1280,1301]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">P. Morales</collectorName>
6614
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54D78840DA264331FF19741AFE86FAE8" box="[196,285,1316,1338]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">holotype</typeStatus>
: JBL-spirit)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766569DA264331FF557456FC94F988" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD336E2DA264331FF557456FC94F988" blockId="2.[136,1452,1384,2059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">
Similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA264331FED07457FEEFFA50" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1996" box="[269,372,1385,1410]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="imitor">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FED07457FEEFFA50" box="[269,372,1385,1410]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">P. imitor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the two-flowered inflorescence branches bearing yellow flowers, but distinguished by significantly smaller flowers with the dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, with the apical margin undulate (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FAF074B3FAD0FA74" box="[1325,1355,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">vs.</emphasis>
elliptic, margin entire), strongly decurved, conspicuously dentate petals (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FCB6748FFC11FA18" box="[875,906,1457,1482]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">vs.</emphasis>
slightly decurved, margin entire), lip ovate (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FA50748FFA30FA18" box="[1421,1451,1457,1482]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">vs.</emphasis>
triangular-sagittate). The overall appearance of the flower is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA264331FC7174EBFB87FA3C" authorityName="Ames" authorityYear="1922" box="[940,1052,1492,1518]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rowleei">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FC7174EBFB87FA3C" box="[940,1052,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">P. rowleei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13572A67DA264331FBF074EAFB06FA3C" box="[1069,1181,1492,1518]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,950,972]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,926]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[151,1435,190,926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Floral comparison. A. Pleurothallis pugio Karremans &amp; J.E. Jiménez, Jiménez &amp; Morales 6614 (JBL-spirit). B. Pleurothallis rowleei Ames, JBL-033598 (JBL-spirit). C. Pleurothallis dentipetala Rolfe ex Ames, Karremans 7287 (JBL-spirit). Photographs by APK and Lizbeth Oses." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8012501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8012501/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Figure 2b</figureCitation>
), but the new species is distinguished in the two-flowered branches bearing tiny yellow flowers (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FC0574C7FC6DF9C0" box="[984,1014,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">vs.</emphasis>
inflorescence branches bearing many purple flowers), the sepals marginally undulate (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FD777723FD53F9E4" box="[682,712,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">vs.</emphasis>
margin entire), the petals oblong-lanceolate (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FB147723FB7CF9E4" box="[1225,1255,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">vs.</emphasis>
sigmoid) and the lip ovate (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FF27777FFE83F988" box="[250,280,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">vs.</emphasis>
triangular-sagittate, with a narrow midlobe).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766569DA264330FF60775AFF63FED2" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD336E2DA264330FF60775AFF63FED2" blockId="2.[136,1452,1384,2059]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,158,977]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FF60775AFEF6F9AC" bold="true" box="[189,365,1636,1662]" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Description:—</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FEB0775AFE31F9AC" box="[365,426,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Plant</emphasis>
epiphytic, herbaceous, erect, caespitose, up to
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FC1E775AFB92F9AD" box="[963,1033,1636,1663]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="cm" value="17.0">17 cm</quantity>
tall.
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FB98775BFB1EF9AC" box="[1093,1157,1637,1662]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Roots</emphasis>
flexuous, thin,
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FAE5775AFA37F9AD" box="[1336,1452,1636,1663]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 mm</quantity>
diameter, densely sub-fasciculate.
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FDD877B6FDE0F970" box="[517,635,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Ramicauls</emphasis>
erect, terete, thin, up to 5.0–9.0 cm long, covered by tubular, papyraceous sheaths close to the base, tightly adpressed, up to
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FD097792FCCFF915" box="[724,852,1708,1735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="cm" value="2.8" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.4">2.4–3.2 cm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FC7F7793FC6BF914" box="[930,1008,1709,1734]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Leaves</emphasis>
sub-horizontal to arching, coriaceous, sessile, narrowly ovate, acute, slightly emarginate at the apex, 5.8–7.5 ×
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FC6577EEFBA2F939" box="[952,1081,1744,1771]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="cm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.8 cm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FB9977EEFB41F938" box="[1092,1242,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Inflorescence</emphasis>
with an extremely reduced peduncle, producing multiple 2-flowered branches in slow succession, subtended by a spathaceous bract
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FF557626FE9DF8E1" box="[136,262,1816,1843]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="cm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 cm</quantity>
long, papyraceous when mature; pedicels terete, pale green.
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FC617626FB99F8E0" box="[956,1026,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Ovary</emphasis>
somewhat clavate,
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FB3E7626FAF0F8E1" box="[1251,1387,1816,1843]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="2.7" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.6">2.6–2.8 mm</quantity>
long, green.
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FF087602FEAAF884" box="[213,305,1852,1878]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Flowers</emphasis>
slightly spreading, solid yellow;
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FD767602FCAEF884" box="[683,821,1852,1878]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">dorsal sepal</emphasis>
ovate-lanceolate, slightly concave, membranous, acute, 3-veined, 6.2–6.4 ×
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FEBB765EFE75F8A9" box="[358,494,1888,1915]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.7 mm</quantity>
, with the apical margin undulate;
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FCBF765EFC62F8A8" box="[866,1017,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">lateral sepals</emphasis>
connate into an ovate, slightly concave synsepal, membranous, obtuse, 4-veined, 6.2–6.4 ×
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FD0B76BAFCFBF84D" box="[726,864,1924,1951]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="3.35" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.2">3.2–3.5 mm</quantity>
, minutely bifid at the apex, apical margin undulate;
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FF557696FF50F810" box="[136,203,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">petals</emphasis>
strongly decurved, oblong-lanceolate, oblique, conspicuously dentate, acute, 3.3–3.5 ×
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FB767696FAADF811" box="[1195,1334,1960,1987]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.1 mm</quantity>
;
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FA9F7696FAFBF810" box="[1346,1376,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">lip</emphasis>
ovate, thick, papillose, decurved, 1.3–1.5 ×
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FDFB76F2FD34F835" box="[550,687,1996,2023]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.4 mm</quantity>
, apex acute, the base deflexed into a claw, hinged to a short columnfoot,
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264331FF1E76CEFED0F7D9" box="[195,331,2032,2059]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.1 mm</quantity>
long; glenion inconspicuous transversally oblong.
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA264331FC5A76CEFC7BF7D8" box="[903,992,2032,2058]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="152">Column</emphasis>
short, straight, transversely elliptic,
<quantity id="4C949B07DA264330FAA776CEFF7BFF6B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="153" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.8">0.8– 0.9 mm</quantity>
long. The
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FE8071A0FE3DFF6A" box="[349,422,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">anther</emphasis>
and the
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FDD671A1FDCDFF6A" box="[523,598,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">stigma</emphasis>
apical; anther cap ovate, cucullate, obtuse at the base, bilobed at the apex, 2-celled, ca. 4 ×
<quantity id="4C949B07DA274330FEE271FCFE19FF0F" box="[319,386,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
; pollinia 2, narrowly ovate-pyriform,
<quantity id="4C949B07DA274330FCF871FCFCFEFF0F" box="[805,869,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
long, joint by an elliptic viscidium.
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FB2B71FDFAA1FF0E" box="[1270,1338,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Fruits</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FAB271FCFA37FF0E" box="[1391,1452,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">seeds</emphasis>
unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766569DA274330FF607034FE4CFE66" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD336E2DA274330FF607034FE4CFE66" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FF607034FE7DFEF6" bold="true" box="[189,486,266,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
:—Only known from the
<typeStatus id="54D78840DA274330FCDA7035FCACFEF7" box="[775,823,267,293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">type</typeStatus>
locality in Ciudad Quesada,
<collectingCountry id="F37B7672DA274330FB5F7034FA9AFEF6" box="[1154,1281,266,292]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
. The species is only known from Buena Vista de Ciudad Quesada, Central Volcanic Mountain Range. It is found in a transitional forest from lowland tropical rainforest to premontane forest, at an elevation between
<quantity id="4C949B07DA274330FC25706CFBE1FEBF" box="[1016,1146,338,365]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="750.0" valueMax="800.0" valueMin="700.0">
700–
<specimenCount id="9D6AFD6BDA274330FBEC706CFBE1FEBF" box="[1073,1146,338,365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" type="generic">800 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Plants were seen to flower in July in the field, and February in cultivation. Like many
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FCC27048FB93FE42" box="[799,1032,374,400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FCC27048FC2BFE42" box="[799,944,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Pleurothallis</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
it is likely able to continue blooming successively indiscriminately.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766569DA274330FF607080FB27FE0A" box="[189,1212,446,473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD336E2DA274330FF607080FB27FE0A" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,977]" box="[189,1212,446,473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FF607080FEA5FE0A" bold="true" box="[189,318,446,472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Etymology</emphasis>
:—From the Latin
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FDCC7081FDCAFE0A" authorityName="Karremans &amp; J. E. Jimenez. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence" authorityYear="2023" box="[529,593,447,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pugio">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FDCC7081FDCAFE0A" box="[529,593,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">pugio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a Roman dagger in reference to the petal morphology.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3766569DA274330FF6070DCFA16FC03" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD336E2DA274330FF6070DCFA16FC03" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FF6070DCFE50FE2E" bold="true" box="[189,459,482,508]" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Taxonomic Discussion</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FE3270DCFD57FE2E" authorityName="Karremans &amp; J. E. Jimenez. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence" authorityYear="2023" box="[495,716,482,508]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pugio">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FE3270DCFD57FE2E" box="[495,716,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Pleurothallis pugio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from a single collection the surrounding of Ciudad Quesada. The new species can be easily distinguished by the two-flowered inflorescence branches, bearing tiny yellow flowers with an ovate-lanceolate, undulate dorsal sepal, decurved, oblong-lanceolate, dagger-like petals and an ovate lip.
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FF6E7370FE10FDBA" authorityName="Karremans &amp; J. E. Jimenez. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence" authorityYear="2023" box="[179,395,590,616]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pugio">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FF6E7370FE10FDBA" box="[179,395,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Pleurothallis pugio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FDD67370FCD4FDBB" box="[523,847,590,617]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="series" series="Acroniae">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FDD67370FD07FDBA" box="[523,668,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Pleurothallis</emphasis>
series
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FD347371FCD4FDBB" box="[745,847,591,617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Acroniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having a close floral affinity with
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FB137371FEE2FD5E" authority="Rolfe ex Ames (1923: 7 - 8)" authorityName="Rolfe ex Ames, Karremans" authorityPageNumber="7 - 8" authorityYear="1923" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dentipetala">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FB137371FAFCFDBA" box="[1230,1383,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">P. dentipetala</emphasis>
Rolfe ex
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B13DA274330FF77734CFEE2FD5E" author="Ames, O." box="[170,377,626,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" pagination="7 - 8" refId="ref2082" refString="Ames, O. (1923) Pleurothallis dentipetala. Schedulae Orchidinae 3: 7 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 156824" type="journal article" year="1923">Ames (1923: 7–8)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FE6E734DFDBFFD5E" authorityName="Ames" authorityYear="1922" box="[435,548,626,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rowleei">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FE6E734DFDBFFD5E" box="[435,548,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">P. rowleei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13572A67DA274330FDEB734CFD0CFD5E" box="[566,663,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,950,972]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,926]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[151,1435,190,926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Floral comparison. A. Pleurothallis pugio Karremans &amp; J.E. Jiménez, Jiménez &amp; Morales 6614 (JBL-spirit). B. Pleurothallis rowleei Ames, JBL-033598 (JBL-spirit). C. Pleurothallis dentipetala Rolfe ex Ames, Karremans 7287 (JBL-spirit). Photographs by APK and Lizbeth Oses." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8012501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8012501/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Figure 2</figureCitation>
), which also occur in
<collectingCountry id="F37B7672DA274330FC45734CFB8CFD5E" box="[920,1047,626,652]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FBFE734CFAA0FD5E" authorityName="Rolfe ex Ames, Karremans" authorityYear="1923" box="[1059,1339,626,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dentipetala">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FBFE734CFAA0FD5E" box="[1059,1339,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Pleurothallis dentipetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in its congested, many-flowered raceme (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FD9F73A9FDFBFD62" box="[578,608,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">vs.</emphasis>
two-flowered branches), flowers light rose or brownish rose (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FAF573A9FADDFD62" box="[1320,1350,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">vs.</emphasis>
yellow), suborbicular dorsal sepal (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FE677385FE43FD06" box="[442,472,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">vs.</emphasis>
ovate-lanceolate), elliptic-ovate petals (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FC7A7385FC5DFD06" box="[935,966,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">vs.</emphasis>
oblong-lanceolate), and a sub-trilobed lip (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FF4C73E1FF2BFD2A" box="[145,176,735,760]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">vs.</emphasis>
entire).
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FECF73E0FE64FD2A" authorityName="Ames" authorityYear="1922" box="[274,511,734,760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rowleei">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FECF73E0FE64FD2A" box="[274,511,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Pleurothallis rowleei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FCE473E1FC0CFD2A" authorityName="Karremans &amp; J. E. Jimenez. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence" authorityYear="2023" box="[825,919,735,760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pugio">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FCE473E1FC0CFD2A" box="[825,919,735,760]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">P. pugio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its longer inflorescences with many purple flowers (up to
<quantity id="4C949B07DA274330FEEE723CFEE1FCCF" box="[307,378,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" unit="cm" value="14.0">14 cm</quantity>
long
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FE63723DFE47FCCE" box="[446,476,771,796]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">vs.</emphasis>
up to
<quantity id="4C949B07DA274330FDF7723CFDE0FCCF" box="[554,635,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
, with yellow flowers), sigmoid petals (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FBE0723DFBC7FCCE" box="[1085,1116,771,796]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">vs.</emphasis>
oblong-lanceolate), and a lip with a rounded glenion (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FE457219FE2DFC92" box="[408,438,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">vs.</emphasis>
lip with a transversally oblong glenion). The plant morphology and two-flowered branches bearing yellow flowers are reminiscent of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FD807275FD20FCB6" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1996" box="[605,699,843,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="imitor">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FD807275FD20FCB6" box="[605,699,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">P. imitor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a species with longer sepals (
<quantity id="4C949B07DA274330FBD97274FBE7FCB7" box="[1028,1148,842,869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="11.0">11–12 mm</quantity>
long
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FB647275FB43FCB6" box="[1209,1240,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="4C949B07DA274330FB037274FAFFFCB7" box="[1246,1380,842,869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" unit="mm" value="6.3" valueMax="6.4" valueMin="6.2">6.2–6.4 mm</quantity>
long), entire, oblong-subfalcate petals (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FDDF7251FDBBFC5A" box="[514,544,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">vs.</emphasis>
dentate, oblong-lanceolate), and a triangular-sagittate lip (
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FB147251FB73FC5A" box="[1225,1256,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">vs.</emphasis>
ovate). In
<collectingCountry id="F37B7672DA274330FAB17250FF25FC7E" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FF1572ACFE3BFC7E" authorityName="Karremans &amp; J. E. Jimenez. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence" authorityYear="2023" box="[200,416,914,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pugio">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FF1572ACFE3BFC7E" box="[200,416,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">Pleurothallis pugio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found growing at lower elevation in the mountains of the Central Volcanic Range, between
<quantity id="4C949B07DA274330FF557288FE92FC03" box="[136,265,950,977]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="750.0" valueMax="800.0" valueMin="700.0">700–800 m</quantity>
, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D61DA274330FEA57289FE4CFC02" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1996" box="[376,471,951,976]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="imitor">
<emphasis id="B918EAF0DA274330FEA57289FE4CFC02" box="[376,471,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="153">P. imitor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found in the continental divide in Monteverde Reserve, Tilarán Range, at
<quantity id="4C949B07DA274330FAEC7288FA12FC03" box="[1329,1417,950,977]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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