380 lines
52 KiB
XML
380 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="F42BCAEDF08D6954C1AA6F62F72E6608" ID-CLB-Dataset="8562" ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a20" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ad4dbfb6-14ce-48e2-8fe9-99fa26a9bcf4" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4447563" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8FF2A078-CE45-4BF1-A681-00136F57375E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610989940068" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ivanov, Martin, Čerňanský, Andrej, Bonilla-Salomón, Isaac & Luján, Àngel Hernández" docDate="2020" docId="03C587C74315FFF7FBABFA2F4C9BFA7F" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.42.20.343-376.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 42 (20)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Coluber sp. Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="360" masterDocId="FFFCFFBF4304FFE4FFBCFF9C484CFFD2" masterDocTitle="Early Miocene squamate assemblage from the Mokrá-Western Quarry (Czech Republic) and its palaeobiogeographical and palaeoenvironmental implications" masterLastPageNumber="376" masterPageNumber="343" pageNumber="358" updateTime="1698925529958" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="AD6D93DDE1235E865615BC230F0417A0">Early Miocene squamate assemblage from the Mokrá-Western Quarry (Czech Republic) and its palaeobiogeographical and palaeoenvironmental implications</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="68494648B4E5F3CFA38F5084D4B870FB">Ivanov, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8BE3697045CA360977EE088D34FD72CA">Čerňanský, Andrej</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="944528C41C5D2789085EB767E82949DF">Bonilla-Salomón, Isaac</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="21B6EA737546D7D721921D83950BD173">Luján, Àngel Hernández</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A9C1ACAC426637C19F6F97FC89AB565B">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7B2EA076354195C99D6A30385FCCF733">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="75442BE2C0F25E6E01B528FB5901DB36">2020-08-28</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C587C74315FFF7FBABFA2F4C9BFA7F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4488227" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177200733" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4488227" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C587C74315FFF7FBABFA2F4C9BFA7F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587C74315FFF7FBABFA2F4C9BFA7F" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="360" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
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<subSubSection id="C376655A4315FFF5FBABFA2F4C8AFA1F" box="[1047,1222,1459,1486]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD336D14315FFF5FBABFA2F4C8AFA1F" blockId="17.[1047,1222,1459,1486]" box="[1047,1222,1459,1486]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
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<heading id="D09B81BD4315FFF5FBABFA2F4C8AFA1F" box="[1047,1222,1459,1486]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524315FFF5FBABFA2F4C26FA1F" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1047,1130,1459,1485]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp.">
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<emphasis id="B918EAC34315FFF5FBABFA2F4C26FA1F" box="[1047,1130,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">Coluber</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(s.l.) sp.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C376655A4315FFF5FBFAFA4F4CDAFA3F" box="[1094,1174,1491,1517]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD336D14315FFF5FBFAFA4F4CDAFA3F" blockId="17.[1094,1174,1491,1517]" box="[1094,1174,1491,1517]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13572A544315FFF5FBF2FA4F4CC1FA3F" box="[1102,1165,1491,1517]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[132,143,1693,1711]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-102@18.[698,1267,755,1298]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 9. — Coluber (s.l.) sp., from the early Miocene (MN 4) of MWQ. Anterior trunk vertebra Pal. 1454 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in right lateral (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), cranial (D) and caudal (E) views.Middle trunk vertebra Pal.1456 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in left lateral (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), cranial (I) and caudal (J) views.Anterior caudal vertebra Pal. 1462 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in right lateral (K), dorsal (L), ventral (M), cranial (N) and caudal (O) views. Abbreviations: cd, condyle; ct, cotyle; d, diapophysis; hae, haemapophysis; hk, haemal keel; hy, hypapophysis; lf, lateral foramen; na, neural arch; nc, neural canal; ns, neural spine; p, parapophysis; pctf, paracotylar foramen; pl, pleurapophysis; pof, postzygapophyseal articular facet; prf, prezygapophyseal articular facet; prp, prezygapophyseal process; scf, subcentral foramen; scg, subcentral groove; scr, subcentral ridge; zy, zygosphene; zyg, zygantrum. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4447583/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C376655A4315FFF5FC91F9904DCAF981" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD336D14315FFF5FC91F9904D67F9F6" blockId="17.[813,1323,1548,1572]" box="[813,1323,1548,1572]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C11FF4315FFF5FC91F9904D67F9F6" box="[813,1323,1548,1572]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524315FFF5FC91F9904B34F9F6" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[813,888,1548,1572]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. 1">
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<emphasis id="B918EAC34315FFF5FC91F9904B34F9F6" box="[813,888,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">Coluber</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 1 –
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10C04315FFF5FC79F9904C87F9F6" author="IVANOV M. & MUSIL R." box="[965,1227,1548,1572]" page="229" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" year="2004">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204315FFF5FC79F9904C87F9F6" author="IVANOV M. & MUSIL R." box="[965,1227,1548,1572]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" pagination="223 - 236" refId="ref24802" refString="IVANOV M. & MUSIL R. 2004. - Preliminary results of investigation of Neogene vertebrates from the Mokra-Quarry site. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae geologicae 89: 223 - 236 (in Czech)." type="journal article" year="2004">Ivanov & Musil 2004: 229</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(in part).
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD336D14315FFF5FC91F9A74DCAF981" blockId="17.[813,1414,1595,1620]" box="[813,1414,1595,1620]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C11FF4315FFF5FC91F9A74DCAF981" box="[813,1414,1595,1620]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524315FFF5FC91F9A74B34F981" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[813,888,1595,1619]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp.">
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<emphasis id="B918EAC34315FFF5FC91F9A74B34F981" box="[813,888,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">Coluber</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<typeStatus id="54D788734315FFF5FC19F9A04B83F986" box="[933,975,1596,1620]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">type</typeStatus>
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||
I –
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD10C04315FFF5FC4BF9A04C96F981" author="IVANOV M. & MUSIL R. & BRZOBOHATY R." box="[1015,1242,1595,1619]" page="229" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" year="2006">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204315FFF5FC4BF9A04C96F981" author="IVANOV M. & MUSIL R. & BRZOBOHATY R." box="[1015,1242,1595,1619]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" pagination="223 - 239" refId="ref24955" refString="IVANOV M., MUSIL R. & BRZOBOHATY R. 2006. - Terrestrial and Marine Faunas from the Miocene Deposits of the Mokra Plateau (Drahany Upland, Czech Republic) - Impact on Palaeogeography. Beitrage zur Palaontologie 30: 223 - 239." type="journal article" year="2006">
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Ivanov
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<emphasis id="B918EAC34315FFF5FB83F9A04C22F981" box="[1087,1134,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">et al.</emphasis>
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2006: 229
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, table 2 (in part).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C376655A4315FFF5FC91F9F74C96F93F" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD336D14315FFF5FC91F9F74C96F93F" blockId="17.[811,1456,1643,1773]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
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||
MATERIAL. —
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<materialsCitation id="3B043C8C4315FFF5FC0EF9F74C96F93F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3027945322" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
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MWQ, early Miocene, Burdigalian, Orleanian,
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<collectionCode id="ED7DAE144315FFF5FAD1F9F74DDBF950" box="[1389,1431,1643,1666]" country="Brazil" name="Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">MN</collectionCode>
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4: 1/2001 Turtle Joint: Two anterior trunk vertebrae (Pal. 1454-1455), 6 middle trunk vertebrae (Pal. 1456-1461), 2 caudal vertebrae (Pal. 1462, 1463). 2/2003 Reptile Joint:Two trunk vertebrae (Pal. 1956- 1957), 2 caudal vertebrae (Pal. 1958-1959).
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C376655A4315FFF7FC91F88E492FF9DF" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="360" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD336D14315FFF5FC91F88E4BF1F8F8" blockId="17.[811,1457,1810,2028]" box="[813,957,1810,1836]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD336D14315FFF5FC91F8AE4CE9F899" blockId="17.[811,1457,1810,2028]" box="[813,1189,1841,1868]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
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<emphasis id="B918EAC34315FFF5FC91F8AE4CE9F899" box="[813,1189,1841,1868]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">Anterior and middle trunk vertebrae</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD336D14315FFF7FC91F8CD49DBFBDD" blockId="17.[811,1457,1810,2028]" lastBlockId="19.[130,777,215,1039]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="360" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
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The only two preserved anterior trunk vertebrae differ from those from the middle trunk portion by the presence of hypapophysis instead of haemal keel and higher neural spine (Pal. 1454;
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<figureCitation id="13572A544315FFF5FC1BF82D4BAFF819" box="[935,995,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[132,143,1693,1711]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-102@18.[698,1267,755,1298]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 9. — Coluber (s.l.) sp., from the early Miocene (MN 4) of MWQ. Anterior trunk vertebra Pal. 1454 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in right lateral (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), cranial (D) and caudal (E) views.Middle trunk vertebra Pal.1456 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in left lateral (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), cranial (I) and caudal (J) views.Anterior caudal vertebra Pal. 1462 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in right lateral (K), dorsal (L), ventral (M), cranial (N) and caudal (O) views. Abbreviations: cd, condyle; ct, cotyle; d, diapophysis; hae, haemapophysis; hk, haemal keel; hy, hypapophysis; lf, lateral foramen; na, neural arch; nc, neural canal; ns, neural spine; p, parapophysis; pctf, paracotylar foramen; pl, pleurapophysis; pof, postzygapophyseal articular facet; prf, prezygapophyseal articular facet; prp, prezygapophyseal process; scf, subcentral foramen; scg, subcentral groove; scr, subcentral ridge; zy, zygosphene; zyg, zygantrum. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4447583/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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A-E). All preserved middle trunk vertebrae are at least partially fragmentary with neural spines mostly broken-off close to their bases. In lateral view, the preserved neural spine base of the most complete specimen (Pal. 1456;
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<figureCitation id="13572A544316FFF6FF3FF82D4888F819" box="[131,196,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[132,143,1693,1711]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-102@18.[698,1267,755,1298]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 9. — Coluber (s.l.) sp., from the early Miocene (MN 4) of MWQ. Anterior trunk vertebra Pal. 1454 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in right lateral (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), cranial (D) and caudal (E) views.Middle trunk vertebra Pal.1456 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in left lateral (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), cranial (I) and caudal (J) views.Anterior caudal vertebra Pal. 1462 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in right lateral (K), dorsal (L), ventral (M), cranial (N) and caudal (O) views. Abbreviations: cd, condyle; ct, cotyle; d, diapophysis; hae, haemapophysis; hk, haemal keel; hy, hypapophysis; lf, lateral foramen; na, neural arch; nc, neural canal; ns, neural spine; p, parapophysis; pctf, paracotylar foramen; pl, pleurapophysis; pof, postzygapophyseal articular facet; prf, prezygapophyseal articular facet; prp, prezygapophyseal process; scf, subcentral foramen; scg, subcentral groove; scr, subcentral ridge; zy, zygosphene; zyg, zygantrum. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4447583/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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F-J) indicates that the neural spine was probably at least twice longer than high. The caudal margin of the neural spine was inclined posteriorly as documented by specimen Pal. 1956. The well-developed interzygapophyseal ridges are short. The lateral foramina occur just below these ridges. The prominent subcentral ridges are moderately dorsally arched. The large diapophyses are well-separated from somewhat smaller parapophyses. Although parapophyses are incomplete in all specimens, their ventral margin apparently extended below the cotylar rim. In dorsal view, the wide zygosphene has developed lateral lobes. The medial lobe is rather wide. The prezygapophyseal articular facets are oval with long axis directed antero-laterally. The prezygapophyseal processes are broken-off close to their bases. The epizygapophyseal spines are moderately developed. A deep notch occurs at the caudal margin of the neural arch. In ventral view, the straight subcentral ridges form the lateral margins of a cranio-caudally elongated centrum of narrowly triangular shape. The subcentral grooves are wide and shallow. The subcentral foramina are rather small. The haemal keel is narrow and reaches posteriorly almost to the cranial margin of the small rounded condyle. Small subcotylar tubercles occur at the ventral margin of the cotylar rim. The postzygapophyseal articular facets are subrectangular and slightly laterally elongated. In cranial view, the neural arch is vaulted, and the neural canal is wide and rounded with wide and shallow lateral sinuses. The cranial margin of the zygosphenal lip arches dorsally. The small paracotylar foramina occur within depressions on either side of the rounded cotyle. In caudal view, the zygantrum is wide. The vertebral dimensions of the largest specimen (Pal. 1456) are as follows: cl =
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<quantity id="4C949B344317FFF7FDF1FC484AFBFC3D" box="[589,695,980,1007]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.52" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="4.52">4.52 mm</quantity>
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||
; naw =
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<quantity id="4C949B344317FFF7FF3AFC6948A2FBDD" box="[134,238,1013,1039]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.21" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="3.21">3.21 mm</quantity>
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; cl/naw = 1.41.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1366594316FFF6FF38F9014CC5F8F3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447583" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4447583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4447583/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="359" startId="18.[132,143,1693,1711]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1659]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336D14316FFF6FF38F9014CC5F8F3" blockId="18.[132,1457,1693,1825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">
|
||
FIG. 9. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524316FFF6FF6FF9014959F97D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[211,277,1693,1711]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FF6FF9014959F97D" box="[211,277,1693,1711]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(s.l.) sp., from the early Miocene (MN 4) of MWQ. Anterior trunk vertebra Pal. 1454 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in right lateral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FB5EF9014CA3F97D" bold="true" box="[1250,1263,1693,1711]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">A</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FA86F9014D0BF97D" bold="true" box="[1338,1351,1693,1711]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">B</emphasis>
|
||
), ventral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FA2BF9014DE9F97D" bold="true" box="[1431,1445,1693,1711]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">C</emphasis>
|
||
), cranial (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FF78F928489EF914" bold="true" box="[196,210,1716,1734]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">D</emphasis>
|
||
) and caudal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FE83F9284907F914" bold="true" box="[319,331,1716,1734]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">E</emphasis>
|
||
) views.Middle trunk vertebra Pal.1456 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in left lateral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FC1EF9284BE1F914" bold="true" box="[930,941,1716,1734]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">F</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FC4BF9284C49F914" bold="true" box="[1015,1029,1716,1734]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">G</emphasis>
|
||
), ventral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FBE8F9284C2EF914" bold="true" box="[1108,1122,1716,1734]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">H</emphasis>
|
||
), cranial (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FB0CF9284CFAF914" bold="true" box="[1200,1206,1716,1734]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">I</emphasis>
|
||
) and caudal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FA9EF9284D60F914" bold="true" box="[1314,1324,1716,1734]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">J</emphasis>
|
||
) views.Anterior caudal vertebra Pal. 1462 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in right lateral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FD3AF9574ADFF90F" bold="true" box="[646,659,1739,1757]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">K</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FD5DF9574AA0F90F" bold="true" box="[737,748,1739,1757]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">L</emphasis>
|
||
), ventral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FC82F9574B03F90F" bold="true" box="[830,847,1739,1757]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">M</emphasis>
|
||
), cranial (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FC1CF9574BE2F90F" bold="true" box="[928,942,1739,1757]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">N</emphasis>
|
||
) and caudal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FBA3F9564C62F90E" bold="true" box="[1055,1070,1738,1756]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">O</emphasis>
|
||
) views. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FB53F9574D49F90F" bold="true" box="[1263,1285,1739,1757]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">cd</emphasis>
|
||
, condyle;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FAE0F9574D21F90F" bold="true" box="[1372,1389,1739,1757]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">ct</emphasis>
|
||
, cotyle;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FF38F97D48C3F921" bold="true" box="[132,143,1761,1779]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">d</emphasis>
|
||
, diapophysis;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FEB4F97D4964F921" bold="true" box="[264,296,1761,1779]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">hae</emphasis>
|
||
, haemapophysis;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FE7CF97D499AF921" bold="true" box="[448,470,1761,1779]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">hk</emphasis>
|
||
, haemal keel;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FDF0F97D4A2DF921" bold="true" box="[588,609,1761,1779]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">hy</emphasis>
|
||
, hypapophysis;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FD55F97D4AB8F921" bold="true" box="[745,756,1761,1779]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">lf</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral foramen;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FC3FF97D4BD5F921" bold="true" box="[899,921,1761,1779]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">na</emphasis>
|
||
, neural arch;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FBB5F97D4C53F921" bold="true" box="[1033,1055,1761,1779]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">nc</emphasis>
|
||
, neural canal;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FB2BF97D4CE0F921" bold="true" box="[1175,1196,1761,1779]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">ns</emphasis>
|
||
, neural spine;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FA98F97D4D63F921" bold="true" box="[1316,1327,1761,1779]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">p</emphasis>
|
||
, parapophysis;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FF38F96448EBF8D8" bold="true" box="[132,167,1784,1802]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">pctf</emphasis>
|
||
, paracotylar foramen;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FEDBF964493BF8D8" bold="true" box="[359,375,1784,1802]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">pl</emphasis>
|
||
, pleurapophysis;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FDB2F9644A67F8D8" bold="true" box="[526,555,1784,1802]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">pof</emphasis>
|
||
, postzygapophyseal articular facet;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FCE2F9644B3BF8D8" bold="true" box="[862,887,1784,1802]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">prf</emphasis>
|
||
, prezygapophyseal articular facet;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FB23F9644CF1F8D8" bold="true" box="[1183,1213,1784,1802]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">prp</emphasis>
|
||
, prezygapophyseal process;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FF38F89348D3F8F3" bold="true" box="[132,159,1807,1825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">scf</emphasis>
|
||
, subcentral foramen;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FEE9F8934939F8F3" bold="true" box="[341,373,1807,1825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">scg</emphasis>
|
||
, subcentral groove;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FD9CF8934A70F8F3" bold="true" box="[544,572,1807,1825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">scr</emphasis>
|
||
, subcentral ridge;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FD64F8934AA7F8F3" bold="true" box="[728,747,1807,1825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">zy</emphasis>
|
||
, zygosphene;
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34316FFF6FCD9F8934BC8F8F3" bold="true" box="[869,900,1807,1825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">zyg</emphasis>
|
||
, zygantrum. Scale bars: 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSection id="E2E32F3A4317FFF7FF38FBA8492FF9DF" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336D14317FFF7FF38FBA84979FB9C" blockId="19.[132,309,1076,1102]" box="[132,309,1076,1102]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">
|
||
<heading id="D09B81BD4317FFF7FF38FBA84979FB9C" box="[132,309,1076,1102]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" reason="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FF38FBA84979FB9C" box="[132,309,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Caudal vertebrae</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336D14317FFF7FF38FBC8492FF9DF" blockId="19.[131,776,1108,1549]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">
|
||
The rarely preserved caudal vertebrae are relatively short. In lateral view, the neural spine of the better-preserved specimen was twice as long as high. Its cranial margin rises in the middle of the zygosphene length. The zygosphenal facets are oval. The preserved base of the right pleurapophysis is directed antero-ventrally. Haemapophyses are broken-off close to their bases. In dorsal view, the zygosphene is almost straight. The prezygapophyseal articular facets are oval in outline. The preserved base of the right pleurapophysis in specimen Pal. 1462 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A544317FFF7FED0FAEF49E7FA5F" box="[364,427,1395,1421]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[132,143,1693,1711]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-102@18.[698,1267,755,1298]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 9. — Coluber (s.l.) sp., from the early Miocene (MN 4) of MWQ. Anterior trunk vertebra Pal. 1454 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in right lateral (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), cranial (D) and caudal (E) views.Middle trunk vertebra Pal.1456 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in left lateral (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), cranial (I) and caudal (J) views.Anterior caudal vertebra Pal. 1462 (1/2001 Turtle Joint) in right lateral (K), dorsal (L), ventral (M), cranial (N) and caudal (O) views. Abbreviations: cd, condyle; ct, cotyle; d, diapophysis; hae, haemapophysis; hk, haemal keel; hy, hypapophysis; lf, lateral foramen; na, neural arch; nc, neural canal; ns, neural spine; p, parapophysis; pctf, paracotylar foramen; pl, pleurapophysis; pof, postzygapophyseal articular facet; prf, prezygapophyseal articular facet; prp, prezygapophyseal process; scf, subcentral foramen; scg, subcentral groove; scr, subcentral ridge; zy, zygosphene; zyg, zygantrum. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4447583/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
K-O) is anterolaterally directed indicating anterior caudal position within the vertebral column. In cranial view, the zygosphene is arched dorsally. The small paracotylar foramina occur on either side of the circular cotylar rim.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C376655A4317FFF7FF39F9AF4C9BFA7F" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336D14317FFF7FF39F9AF48A0F999" blockId="19.[131,776,1587,2028]" box="[133,236,1587,1613]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">REMARKS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336D14317FFF7FF38F9CE4C9BFA7F" blockId="19.[131,776,1587,2028]" lastBlockId="19.[811,1457,215,1454]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">
|
||
The gracile structure of vertebrae with cl/naw ratio> 1, the presence of paracotylar foramina, as well as well-developed neural spine, the presence of prezygapophyseal processes, and the haemal keel developed in trunk vertebrae enable assignment to “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FE89F94E49F6F93E" authorityName="Oppel" authorityYear="1811" box="[309,442,1746,1772]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubrinae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Colubrinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
”. The middle trunk vertebrae resemble those of the genus “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FE73F96E4A68F8DE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[463,548,1778,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FE73F96E4A68F8DE" box="[463,548,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” on the basis of the following combination of characters: 1) strongly craniocaudally elongated centrum of trunk vertebrae; 2) the vaulted neural arch; 3) the well-developed and narrow haemal keel; and 4) the prezygapophyseal processes which were probably long, based on the well-developed prezygapophyseal processes in anterior trunk vertebrae. “Colubrines” referred to the genus “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FEA7F84D493CF839" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[283,368,2001,2027]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FEA7F84D493CF839" box="[283,368,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” have frequently been reported from the European Neogene (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FBD1FF4B4D54FF23" author="SZYNDLAR Z." box="[1133,1304,215,241]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="103 - 126" refId="ref27415" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. 1991 a. - A rewiew of Neogene and Quaternary snakes of Central and Eastern Europe. Part I: Scolecophidia, Boidae, Colubridae. Estudios geologicos 47 (1 - 2): 103 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / egeol. 91471 - 2412" type="journal article" year="1991">Szyndlar 1991a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FA9BFF4B4D2CFF20" author="SZYNDLAR Z." box="[1319,1376,215,242]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="31 - 52" refId="ref27643" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. 2005. - Snake fauna from the Late Miocene of Rudabanya. Palaeontographia Italica 90 (2003): 31 - 52." type="journal article" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FAD2FF4B4DEBFF23" author="SZYNDLAR Z." box="[1390,1447,215,241]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="55 - 66" refId="ref27669" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. 2009. - Snake fauna (Reptilia: Serpentes) from the Early / Middle Miocene of Sandelzhausen and Rothenstein 13 (Germany). Palaontologische Zeitschrift 83 (1): 55 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12542 - 009 - 0009 - 5" type="journal article" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC91FF6B4B2AFEC3" author="SZYNDLAR Z." box="[813,870,247,273]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="661 - 681" refId="ref27725" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. 2012. - Early Oligocene to Pliocene Colubridae of Europe: a review. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France 183 (6): 661 - 681. https: // doi. org / 10.2113 / gssgfbull. 183.6.661" type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FCC8FF6B4CDAFEC3" author="SZYNDLAR Z. & SCHLEICH H. H." box="[884,1174,247,273]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref27799" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. & SCHLEICH H. H. 1993. - Description of Miocene snakes from Petersbuch 2 with comments on the Lower and Middle Miocene ophidian faunas of Southern Germany. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Palaontologie) 192: 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1993">Szyndlar & Schleich 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FB18FF644D77FEC3" author="IVANOV M." box="[1188,1339,247,274]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="513 - 534" refId="ref24652" refString="IVANOV M. 2002 a. - The oldest known Miocene snake fauna from Central Europe: Merkur-North locality, Czech Republic. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 (3): 513 - 534." type="journal article" year="2002">Ivanov 2002a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FAD9FF644BA5FEE3" author="IVANOV M. & BOHME M." pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="411 - 449" refId="ref24840" refString="IVANOV M. & BOHME M. 2011. - Snakes from Griesbeckerzell (Langhian, Early Badenian), North Alpine Foreland Basin (Germany), with comments on the evolution of snake fauna in Central Europe during the Miocene Climatic Optimum. Geodiversitas 33 (3): 411 - 449. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / g 2011 n 3 a 2" type="journal article" year="2011">Ivanov & Böhme 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC40FE844CB9FEE0" author="RAGE J. - C. & BAILON S." box="[1020,1269,279,306]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="413 - 441" refId="ref26650" refString="RAGE J. - C. & BAILON S. 2005. - Amphibians and squamate reptiles from the late early Miocene (MN 4) of Beon 1 (Montrealdu-Gers, southwestern France). Geodiversitas 27 (3): 413 - 441." type="journal article" year="2005">Rage & Bailon 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FABBFE8B4DEBFEE3" author="VENCZEL M." box="[1287,1447,279,305]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref28088" refString="VENCZEL M. 1994. - Late Miocene snakes from Polgardi (Hungary). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 37 (1): 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1994">Venczel 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC91FEAB4B2BFE83" author="VENCZEL M." box="[813,871,311,337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref28115" refString="VENCZEL M. 1998. - Late Miocene snakes (Reptilia: Serpentes) from Polgardi (Hungary): a second contribution. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 41 (1): 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FCC4FEAB4BFEFE83" author="VENCZEL M." box="[888,946,311,337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="79 - 90" refId="ref28151" refString="VENCZEL M. 2001. - Anurans and squamates from the Lower Pliocene (MN 14) Osztramos 1 locality (Northern Hungary). Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 19: 79 - 90." type="journal article" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). There are four large “colubrine” species in the European Miocene:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FB89FECB4DE3FEA3" authority="Szyndlar, 1987" authorityName="Szyndlar" authorityYear="1987" box="[1077,1455,343,369]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dolnicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FB89FECB4D4EFEA3" box="[1077,1282,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Coluber dolnicensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FAB5FECB4DE3FEA3" author="SZYNDLAR Z." box="[1289,1455,343,369]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="55 - 71" refId="ref27331" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. 1987. - Snakes from the Lower Miocene locality of Dolnice (Czechoslovakia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7 (1): 55 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.1987.10011637" type="journal article" year="1987">Szyndlar, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MN 3a-MN 4),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FC4DFEEB4DE3FE43" authority="Szyndlar & Schleich, 1993" authorityName="Szyndlar & Schleich" authorityYear="1993" box="[1009,1455,375,401]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FC4DFEEB4C36FE43" box="[1009,1146,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">C. caspioides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FB3DFEEB4DE3FE43" author="SZYNDLAR Z. & SCHLEICH H. H." box="[1153,1455,375,401]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref27799" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. & SCHLEICH H. H. 1993. - Description of Miocene snakes from Petersbuch 2 with comments on the Lower and Middle Miocene ophidian faunas of Southern Germany. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Palaontologie) 192: 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1993">Szyndlar & Schleich, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MN 3a-?MN 6),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FC56FE0B4CABFE63" authority="(Fraas, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Fraas" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[1002,1255,407,433]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suevicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FC56FE0B4C1BFE62" box="[1002,1111,407,433]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">C. suevicus</emphasis>
|
||
(Fraas, 1870)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MN 3a-MN 7+8) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FCE3FE2B4CB8FE03" authority="(de Rochebrune, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="de Rochebrune" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[863,1268,438,465]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pouchetii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FCE3FE2B4BA8FE02" box="[863,996,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">C. pouchetii</emphasis>
|
||
(de Rochebrune, 1880)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MN 4-MN 9).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FC92FE4A4BCFFE22" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[814,899,470,496]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FC92FE4A4BCFFE22" box="[814,899,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(s.l.) sp. differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FBCAFE4B4D45FE22" authorityName="Szyndlar" authorityYear="1987" box="[1142,1289,470,497]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dolnicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FBCAFE4B4D45FE22" box="[1142,1289,470,497]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">C. dolnicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the absence of a prominent step in the anterior part of the haemal keel (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC8AFD8A4B94FDE2" author="SZYNDLAR Z." box="[822,984,534,560]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="55 - 71" refId="ref27331" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. 1987. - Snakes from the Lower Miocene locality of Dolnice (Czechoslovakia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7 (1): 55 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.1987.10011637" type="journal article" year="1987">Szyndlar 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC55FD8B4CCEFDE2" author="IVANOV M." box="[1001,1154,534,561]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="513 - 534" refId="ref24652" refString="IVANOV M. 2002 a. - The oldest known Miocene snake fauna from Central Europe: Merkur-North locality, Czech Republic. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 (3): 513 - 534." type="journal article" year="2002">Ivanov 2002a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FAF9FD8B4B19FD82" authorityName="Szyndlar & Schleich" authorityYear="1993" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FAF9FD8B4B19FD82" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">C. caspioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the smaller dimensions and the wider zygosphene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC8AFDCA4C02FDA2" author="SZYNDLAR Z. & SCHLEICH H. H." box="[822,1102,598,624]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref27799" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. & SCHLEICH H. H. 1993. - Description of Miocene snakes from Petersbuch 2 with comments on the Lower and Middle Miocene ophidian faunas of Southern Germany. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Palaontologie) 192: 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1993">Szyndlar & Schleich 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FBE7FDCA4CA1FDA2" author="IVANOV M." box="[1115,1261,598,624]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="513 - 534" refId="ref24652" refString="IVANOV M. 2002 a. - The oldest known Miocene snake fauna from Central Europe: Merkur-North locality, Czech Republic. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 (3): 513 - 534." type="journal article" year="2002">Ivanov 2002a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FABEFDCA4D19FDA2" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1282,1365,598,624]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FABEFDCA4D19FDA2" box="[1282,1365,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(s.l.) sp. differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FC0DFDEA4C69FD42" baseAuthorityName="Fraas" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[945,1061,630,656]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suevicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FC0DFDEA4C69FD42" box="[945,1061,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">C. suevicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the more vaulted neural arch and clearly smaller diameter of the prezygapophyseal articular facets (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FCC7FD294CDEFD02" author="SZYNDLAR Z. & BOHME W." box="[891,1170,693,720]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="381 - 431" refId="ref27770" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. & BOHME W. 1993. - Die fossilen Schlangen Deutschlands: Geschichte der Faunen und ihrer Erforschung. Mertensiella 3: 381 - 431." type="journal article" year="1993">Szyndlar & Böhme 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FB1DFD2A4D75FD02" author="IVANOV M." box="[1185,1337,694,720]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="513 - 534" refId="ref24652" refString="IVANOV M. 2002 a. - The oldest known Miocene snake fauna from Central Europe: Merkur-North locality, Czech Republic. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 (3): 513 - 534." type="journal article" year="2002">Ivanov 2002a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FCD2FD4A4BBBFD3D" baseAuthorityName="de Rochebrune" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[878,1015,725,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pouchetii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FCD2FD4A4BBBFD3D" box="[878,1015,725,752]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">C. pouchetii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the apparently much lower neural spine and a cervical hypapophysis inclined posteroventrally rather than ventrally (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FBA3FC894CBCFCFD" author="AUGE M. & RAGE J. - C." box="[1055,1264,789,816]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" refId="ref22449" refString="AUGE M. & RAGE J. - C. 2000. - Les Squamates (Reptilia) du Miocene moyen de Sansan (Gers, France), in GINSBURG L. (ed.), La faune miocene de Sansan et son environnement. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris: 263 - 313 (Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle; 183)." type="journal volume" year="2000">Augé & Rage 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FB42FC894DD2FCFD" author="SZYNDLAR Z." box="[1278,1438,789,815]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="55 - 66" refId="ref27669" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. 2009. - Snake fauna (Reptilia: Serpentes) from the Early / Middle Miocene of Sandelzhausen and Rothenstein 13 (Germany). Palaontologische Zeitschrift 83 (1): 55 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12542 - 009 - 0009 - 5" type="journal article" year="2009">Szyndlar 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FC91FCA94BCEFC9D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[813,898,821,847]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FC91FCA94BCEFC9D" box="[813,898,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(s.l.) sp.,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D788734317FFF7FC4FFCAA4C6FFC82" box="[1011,1059,822,848]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FB0AFCAA4B3CFCBD" authority="(Bolkay, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Bolkay" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hungaricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FB0AFCAA4D01FC9D" box="[1206,1357,821,848]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">C. hungaricus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FAE7FCA94B24FCBD" author="BOLKAY S. J." pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="217 - 230" refId="ref22674" refString="BOLKAY S. J. 1913. - Additions to the fossil herpetology of Hungary from the Pannonian and Praeglacial periode. Mitteilungen aus dem Jahrbuch der koniglichen ungarischen Geologischen Reichsanstalt 21: 217 - 230." type="journal article" year="1913">Bolkay, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reported from the early middle Miocene (MN 6) of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37B76414317FFF7FC90FCE94BD8FC5D" box="[812,916,885,911]" name="Germany" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC18FCE94CD3FC5D" author="IVANOV M. & BOHME M." box="[932,1183,885,911]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="411 - 449" refId="ref24840" refString="IVANOV M. & BOHME M. 2011. - Snakes from Griesbeckerzell (Langhian, Early Badenian), North Alpine Foreland Basin (Germany), with comments on the evolution of snake fauna in Central Europe during the Miocene Climatic Optimum. Geodiversitas 33 (3): 411 - 449. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / g 2011 n 3 a 2" type="journal article" year="2011">Ivanov & Böhme 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the middle Miocene to early Pliocene (?MN 6-MN 9; MN 13-MN 14) of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37B76414317FFF7FAF0FC094DE1FC7D" box="[1356,1453,917,943]" name="Hungary" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Hungary</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC8AFC294B81FC1D" author="VENCZEL M." box="[822,973,949,975]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref28088" refString="VENCZEL M. 1994. - Late Miocene snakes from Polgardi (Hungary). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 37 (1): 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1994">Venczel 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC61FC294C5AFC1D" author="VENCZEL M." box="[989,1046,949,975]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref28115" refString="VENCZEL M. 1998. - Late Miocene snakes (Reptilia: Serpentes) from Polgardi (Hungary): a second contribution. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 41 (1): 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FB9BFC294C2CFC1D" author="VENCZEL M." box="[1063,1120,949,975]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="79 - 90" refId="ref28151" refString="VENCZEL M. 2001. - Anurans and squamates from the Lower Pliocene (MN 14) Osztramos 1 locality (Northern Hungary). Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 19: 79 - 90." type="journal article" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and the middle Miocene of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37B76414317FFF7FC92FC484BE3FC3C" box="[814,943,980,1006]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC7DFC494CDEFC3D" author="IVANOV M. & VASILYAN D. & BOHME M. & ZAZHIGIN V. S." box="[961,1170,980,1007]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="1284 - 1303" refId="ref25069" refString="IVANOV M., VASILYAN D., BOHME M. & ZAZHIGIN V. S. 2019. - Miocene snakes from northeastern Kazakhstan: new data on the evolution of snake assemblages in Siberia. Historical Biology 31 (10): 1284 - 1303. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 08912963.2018. 1446086" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Ivanov
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FBAAFC494C03FC3C" box="[1046,1103,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in: 1) the same dimensions; 2) most probably in the same height of the neural spine; 3) a similarly wide medial lobe of the zygosphene; and 4) a parapophysis of the same length as the diapophysis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FCE5FBC84BA2FBBC" author="VENCZEL M." box="[857,1006,1108,1134]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref28088" refString="VENCZEL M. 1994. - Late Miocene snakes from Polgardi (Hungary). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 37 (1): 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1994">Venczel 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC42FBC84CECFBBD" author="SZYNDLAR Z." box="[1022,1184,1108,1135]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="31 - 52" refId="ref27643" refString="SZYNDLAR Z. 2005. - Snake fauna from the Late Miocene of Rudabanya. Palaeontographia Italica 90 (2003): 31 - 52." type="journal article" year="2005">Szyndlar 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FB05FBC94D1CFBBC" baseAuthorityName="Bolkay" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1209,1360,1108,1135]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hungaricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FB05FBC94D1CFBBC" box="[1209,1360,1108,1135]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">C. hungaricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
displays a high intraspecific variability and the largest specimens have a dorsally thickened neural spine, parapophyses larger than diapophyses, as well as well-developed subcotylar tubercles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B204317FFF7FC1DFB484C7AFB3C" author="VENCZEL M." box="[929,1078,1236,1262]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref28115" refString="VENCZEL M. 1998. - Late Miocene snakes (Reptilia: Serpentes) from Polgardi (Hungary): a second contribution. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 41 (1): 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1998">Venczel 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Despite this variability,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FAE6FB484DE3FB3C" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1370,1455,1236,1262]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FAE6FB484DE3FB3C" box="[1370,1455,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(s.l.) sp. cannot be attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D524317FFF7FB21FB684D78FADF" baseAuthorityName="Bolkay" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1181,1332,1267,1294]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hungaricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAC34317FFF7FB21FB684D78FADF" box="[1181,1332,1267,1294]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">C. hungaricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of the presence of much more distinct, sharp, and straight subcentral ridges, a deeper notch in the caudal margin of the neural arch, as well as the smaller condyle. Because of the incomplete preservation of the rather scarce material we avoid a species level identification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |