510 lines
83 KiB
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510 lines
83 KiB
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<document id="1E012F221E5E8BD4B6AB5574C8BC36DE" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.194252" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d1e5b589-21c5-43a0-b1fc-3c618b0158aa" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="194252" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460194987408" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fend, Steven V. & Brinkhurst, Ralph O." docDate="2010" docId="03C5878EFFE9D418B2CFF8CA7B6D6A1C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02407p027.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2407" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Rhynchelmis orientalis Yamaguchi 1936" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFFCFFF6FFE5D40AB258FF8E7F59683B" masterDocTitle="Contributions towards a review of the genus Rhynchelmis Hoffmeister (Clitellata: Lumbriculidae)" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698236526747" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="29BF47E18A9B342A8A653A978B7CAB15">Contributions towards a review of the genus Rhynchelmis Hoffmeister (Clitellata: Lumbriculidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="868C4D9EDCE126A8A5D32483983DC77C">Fend, Steven V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EA677122CFDFCA06AA33AACC740D47AE">Brinkhurst, Ralph O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FC4A2EBB8C0B40F1FA306E04B0C07D51">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9FE27AFF91B59DCDA3363B2AAEDB4B31">2010</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C5878EFFE9D418B2CFF8CA7B6D6A1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201853" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119383737" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201853" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C5878EFFE9D418B2CFF8CA7B6D6A1C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5878EFFE9D418B2CFF8CA7B6D6A1C" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="C3766513FFE9D406B2CFF8CA7E416FBA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD33698FFE9D406B2CFF8CA7DD36F65" blockId="12.[151,650,1860,1921]" box="[151,650,1860,1886]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="D09B81F4FFE9D406B2CFF8CA7DD36F65" bold="true" box="[151,650,1860,1886]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFE9D406B2CFF8CA7DD36F65" ID-CoL="8TZQT" authority="Yamaguchi, 1936" authorityName="Yamaguchi" authorityYear="1936" box="[151,650,1860,1886]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
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<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFE9D406B2CFF8CA7DD36F65" bold="true" box="[151,650,1860,1886]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFE9D406B2CFF8CA7EF76F65" bold="true" box="[151,430,1860,1886]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rhynchelmis orientalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFE9D406B3EDF8CA7DD36F65" author="Yamaguchi" box="[437,650,1860,1886]" pageId="12" pageNumber="27" refString="Yamaguchi, H. (1936) Studies on the Aquatic Oligochaeta of Japan 1. Lumbriculids from Hokkaido. Journal of the Faculty of Science of Hokkaido Imperial University, Zoology, 5, 73 - 94." type="journal article" year="1936">Yamaguchi, 1936</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD33698FFE9D406B2CFF8E97E416FBA" blockId="12.[151,650,1860,1921]" box="[151,280,1895,1921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE9D406B2C7F8E97E576FBA" box="[159,270,1895,1921]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 6. R" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7. R" captionStart-2="FIGURE 8. R" captionStartId-0="14.[151,255,1902,1926]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,262,1637,1661]" captionStartId-2="17.[151,257,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox-0="[219,1378,255,1901]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,180,1610]" captionTargetBox-2="[253,1299,202,1856]" captionTargetId-0="figure@14.[215,1379,249,1918]" captionTargetId-1="figure@15.[151,1436,175,1626]" captionTargetId-2="figure@17.[251,1322,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionTargetPageId-2="17" captionText-0="FIGURE 6. R. orientalis, A – D from Maruyama, Sapporo; E from Okoppe River, Aomori. (A, B) anterior ends of whole worms, showing genital pores; midventral gland pores visible on B. (C) sagittal view of genital segments, from a cleared, whole worm, same specimen as A. (D) second atrium and spermatheca of the same specimen as A, drawn from sections. (E) reproductive organs, from a sagittal dissection. Scale bars: A – D = 2 mm; E = 200 μm." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G – H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A – C, transverse sections, D – H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm." captionText-2="FIGURE 8. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A – B) male pores; B is from the type material. (C) ectal part of atrium in XI, with part of spermathecal ampulla to left. (D) atrium in XIV, with prostates. (E) atrium in XXX. (F) ental end of atrium in XXX. (G – H) atria from the type material, in mid-ampulla (G) and near the ental end (H). (All transverse sections). Scale bars: A – B = 200 μm; C – H = 100 μm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/194258/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/194260/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 6–8</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3766513FFE9D404B2CFF83F7A4968EC" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD33698FFE9D407B2CFF83F7D97697D" blockId="12.[151,1436,1969,2032]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,152,2009]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFE9D406B2CFF83F7EB56FF0" bold="true" box="[151,492,1969,1995]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Supplementary description</emphasis>
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. Material from the
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<typeStatus id="54D7883AFFE9D406B08DF83F7C516FF0" box="[725,776,1969,1995]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
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locality: Body diameter 1.3–1.4 mm in X, length about
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<quantity id="4C949B7DFFE9D406B2CFF8587FB46FCB" box="[151,237,2006,2032]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
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, 121–125 segments. Annulation moderately developed, but obscured in clitellum (
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<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE9D406B6E6F8587A496FCB" box="[1214,1296,2006,2032]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. R" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[219,1378,255,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[215,1379,249,1918]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. R. orientalis, A – D from Maruyama, Sapporo; E from Okoppe River, Aomori. (A, B) anterior ends of whole worms, showing genital pores; midventral gland pores visible on B. (C) sagittal view of genital segments, from a cleared, whole worm, same specimen as A. (D) second atrium and spermatheca of the same specimen as A, drawn from sections. (E) reproductive organs, from a sagittal dissection. Scale bars: A – D = 2 mm; E = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194258/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
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A–B); body round in transverse section, and dorsolateral transverse muscles weak. Clitellum from IX to XVI or XVIII. One slightly post-mature specimen with row of midventral pores in III–V, 70 Μm wide (
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<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B6FEFF337BB768EC" box="[1190,1262,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. R" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[219,1378,255,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[215,1379,249,1918]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. R. orientalis, A – D from Maruyama, Sapporo; E from Okoppe River, Aomori. (A, B) anterior ends of whole worms, showing genital pores; midventral gland pores visible on B. (C) sagittal view of genital segments, from a cleared, whole worm, same specimen as A. (D) second atrium and spermatheca of the same specimen as A, drawn from sections. (E) reproductive organs, from a sagittal dissection. Scale bars: A – D = 2 mm; E = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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B). Midventral pores associated with bundles of cell extensions from several clusters of gland cells. Gland cell bundles 100– 200 Μm long, usually 2 on either side of ventral nerve cord, and 1 or 2 beneath it (
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<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B62FFE897B99691A" box="[1143,1216,263,289]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. R" captionStartId="15.[151,262,1637,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,180,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,175,1626]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G – H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A – C, transverse sections, D – H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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A). No midventral glands on other mature or nearly-mature worms.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD33698FFE8D407B29CFEDF7E866A70" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,2009]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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Longitudinal muscle bands without tapered lateral edges; edges do not curl into coelomic space (
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<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B768FEDF7ADB6950" box="[1328,1410,337,363]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. R" captionStartId="15.[151,262,1637,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,180,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,175,1626]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G – H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A – C, transverse sections, D – H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
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B, 8B). Pharynx roof thick in II, but does not form distinct dorsal pad; pharyngeal glands IV–VII. Circulatory system as originally described (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFE8D407B051FE127D81698D" author="Yamaguchi" box="[521,728,412,438]" pageId="13" pageNumber="27" refString="Yamaguchi, H. (1936) Studies on the Aquatic Oligochaeta of Japan 1. Lumbriculids from Hokkaido. Journal of the Faculty of Science of Hokkaido Imperial University, Zoology, 5, 73 - 94." type="journal article" year="1936">Yamaguchi 1936</bibRefCitation>
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): starting near X, two pairs of lateral vessels have up to 5 or 6 long distal branches; one branch of the anterior pair joining the perivisceral sinus. Posterior to about XL, main branches of both lateral vessels join the perivisceral sinus ventrolaterally. Few short, blind branches (caecae) on dorsal part of lateral vessels in anterior segments, but number increases posteriorly, up to 10 or more posterior to about XL.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD33698FFE8D407B29CFDD87BE96A80" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,2009]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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Nephropores simple, without vesicle, just anterior to ventrolateral chaetae. First nephridia on 12/13, but tubule may extend forward a segment or two. A strong dorsal tubule loop, as in other
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFE8D407B6C9FDF27A7E6AAE" box="[1169,1319,636,661]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFE8D407B6C9FDF27A7E6AAE" box="[1169,1319,636,661]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B760FDF27A266AAD" box="[1336,1407,636,662]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. R" captionStartId="15.[151,262,1637,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,180,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,175,1626]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G – H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A – C, transverse sections, D – H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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C) extends posteriorly to the midventral region. Nephridia paired in most mid-body segments.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD33698FFE8D407B29CFD487BF56C30" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,2009]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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Spermathecal pores without epidermal modification or distinct glands (
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<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B64CFD487B316ADB" box="[1044,1128,710,736]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. R" captionStartId="15.[151,262,1637,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,180,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,175,1626]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G – H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A – C, transverse sections, D – H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
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B, D). Spermathecae very long, passing through
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<date id="FFD21058FFE8D407B3F9FD627D606B3D" box="[417,569,748,774]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1910-08-09" valueMax="1910-08-09" valueMin="1910-08-09">8/9 and 9/10</date>
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, then entering the sperm sac for several segments, to XXI in one mature worm (
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<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B2B3FC9F7E6B6B10" box="[235,306,785,811]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. R" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[219,1378,255,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[215,1379,249,1918]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. R. orientalis, A – D from Maruyama, Sapporo; E from Okoppe River, Aomori. (A, B) anterior ends of whole worms, showing genital pores; midventral gland pores visible on B. (C) sagittal view of genital segments, from a cleared, whole worm, same specimen as A. (D) second atrium and spermatheca of the same specimen as A, drawn from sections. (E) reproductive organs, from a sagittal dissection. Scale bars: A – D = 2 mm; E = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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D). Spermathecae with cylindrical ectal duct, about 500 Μm long by 110 Μm wide, followed by a long, tubular ampulla without diverticula or gut connection, distended between septa up to 600 Μm wide in mated worms (
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<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B31FFCD27EC06B4D" box="[327,409,860,886]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. R" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[219,1378,255,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[215,1379,249,1918]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. R. orientalis, A – D from Maruyama, Sapporo; E from Okoppe River, Aomori. (A, B) anterior ends of whole worms, showing genital pores; midventral gland pores visible on B. (C) sagittal view of genital segments, from a cleared, whole worm, same specimen as A. (D) second atrium and spermatheca of the same specimen as A, drawn from sections. (E) reproductive organs, from a sagittal dissection. Scale bars: A – D = 2 mm; E = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
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C–D). Ectal duct with columnar epithelium having basal nuclei; ampulla with cuboidal epithelial cells; muscle layer less than 5 Μm thick (
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<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B179FC0F7C206BA0" box="[801,889,897,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. R" captionStartId="15.[151,262,1637,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,180,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,175,1626]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G – H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A – C, transverse sections, D – H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
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D–H). Ectal end of ampulla (in VIII or IX) histologically distinct, with epithelium having distinct nuclei (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B1D1FC287C8A6BFB" box="[905,979,934,960]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. R" captionStartId="15.[151,262,1637,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,180,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,175,1626]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G – H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A – C, transverse sections, D – H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
E); entally, the epithelium with nuclei small or absent, and with granular vacuoles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B0F0FC427DA16BDD" box="[680,760,972,998]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. R" captionStartId="15.[151,262,1637,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,180,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,175,1626]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G – H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A – C, transverse sections, D – H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
G–H). Heads of sperm cells lined up around periphery of anterior portion of ampulla in mated worm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B0C4FC7F7DBB6C30" box="[668,738,1009,1035]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. R" captionStartId="15.[151,262,1637,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,180,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,175,1626]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G – H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A – C, transverse sections, D – H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
E); loose sperm in remainder (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B61DFC7F7BD56C30" box="[1093,1164,1009,1035]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. R" captionStartId="15.[151,262,1637,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,180,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,175,1626]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G – H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A – C, transverse sections, D – H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFE8D407B29CFB987FBA6DF0" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,2009]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Male pore without penis or penial bulb, surrounded by 200 Μm wide circle of thickened epidermis, internally surrounded by a low mass of prostate-like, granular glands to 60 Μm high (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B6C2FBB27BB56C6D" box="[1178,1260,1084,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 8. R" captionStartId="17.[151,257,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[253,1299,202,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[251,1322,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A – B) male pores; B is from the type material. (C) ectal part of atrium in XI, with part of spermathecal ampulla to left. (D) atrium in XIV, with prostates. (E) atrium in XXX. (F) ental end of atrium in XXX. (G – H) atria from the type material, in mid-ampulla (G) and near the ental end (H). (All transverse sections). Scale bars: A – B = 200 μm; C – H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194260/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B). Atria to XXXI and XXXIII in the two newer specimens (total atrium length to nearly
|
||
<quantity id="4C949B7DFFE8D407B67FFBEF7B276C40" box="[1063,1150,1121,1147]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
|
||
); to XXII in the original specimen. Main portion of atrium a narrow tube, diameter 60–70 Μm, but entally expanded to as much as 300 Μm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B288FB227E7B6CFD" box="[208,290,1196,1222]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. R" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[219,1378,255,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[215,1379,249,1918]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. R. orientalis, A – D from Maruyama, Sapporo; E from Okoppe River, Aomori. (A, B) anterior ends of whole worms, showing genital pores; midventral gland pores visible on B. (C) sagittal view of genital segments, from a cleared, whole worm, same specimen as A. (D) second atrium and spermatheca of the same specimen as A, drawn from sections. (E) reproductive organs, from a sagittal dissection. Scale bars: A – D = 2 mm; E = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D, 8F). Muscle layer thin, 2–5 Μm throughout. Multicellular prostate glands relatively sparse (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B2F8FB5F7FA86CD0" box="[160,241,1233,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 8. R" captionStartId="17.[151,257,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[253,1299,202,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[251,1322,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A – B) male pores; B is from the type material. (C) ectal part of atrium in XI, with part of spermathecal ampulla to left. (D) atrium in XIV, with prostates. (E) atrium in XXX. (F) ental end of atrium in XXX. (G – H) atria from the type material, in mid-ampulla (G) and near the ental end (H). (All transverse sections). Scale bars: A – B = 200 μm; C – H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194260/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
C–H), especially near ental end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B024FB5F7D9D6CD0" box="[636,708,1233,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 8. R" captionStartId="17.[151,257,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[253,1299,202,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[251,1322,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A – B) male pores; B is from the type material. (C) ectal part of atrium in XI, with part of spermathecal ampulla to left. (D) atrium in XIV, with prostates. (E) atrium in XXX. (F) ental end of atrium in XXX. (G – H) atria from the type material, in mid-ampulla (G) and near the ental end (H). (All transverse sections). Scale bars: A – B = 200 μm; C – H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194260/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
F); atrium without prostates in ectal portion, from X to XI or XIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B282FB787E786D2B" box="[218,289,1270,1296]" captionStart="FIGURE 8. R" captionStartId="17.[151,257,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[253,1299,202,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[251,1322,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A – B) male pores; B is from the type material. (C) ectal part of atrium in XI, with part of spermathecal ampulla to left. (D) atrium in XIV, with prostates. (E) atrium in XXX. (F) ental end of atrium in XXX. (G – H) atria from the type material, in mid-ampulla (G) and near the ental end (H). (All transverse sections). Scale bars: A – B = 200 μm; C – H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194260/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Posterior vas deferens diameter up to 20–30 Μm; vas does not penetrate 10/11, enters muscle layer of atrium near beginning of prostates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B0CEFA927DBD6D0D" box="[662,740,1308,1334]" captionStart="FIGURE 8. R" captionStartId="17.[151,257,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[253,1299,202,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[251,1322,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A – B) male pores; B is from the type material. (C) ectal part of atrium in XI, with part of spermathecal ampulla to left. (D) atrium in XIV, with prostates. (E) atrium in XXX. (F) ental end of atrium in XXX. (G – H) atria from the type material, in mid-ampulla (G) and near the ental end (H). (All transverse sections). Scale bars: A – B = 200 μm; C – H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194260/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D), and runs inside the atrial wall to near ental end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B739FA927FFC6D60" captionStart="FIGURE 8. R" captionStartId="17.[151,257,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[253,1299,202,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[251,1322,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A – B) male pores; B is from the type material. (C) ectal part of atrium in XI, with part of spermathecal ampulla to left. (D) atrium in XIV, with prostates. (E) atrium in XXX. (F) ental end of atrium in XXX. (G – H) atria from the type material, in mid-ampulla (G) and near the ental end (H). (All transverse sections). Scale bars: A – B = 200 μm; C – H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194260/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
E,G). Anterior vas deferens diameter less than 10 Μm, degenerates in X in mature worms, but traces may persist in ental portion, mostly embedded in atrial muscle or adjacent to atrium. Single pair of testes in X, and ovaries in XI. Sperm sacs to XLVI in one mature worm, to LXXXI in the other; egg sacs with ova to LVI and XCIV.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFE8D407B29CFA587BDF6E90" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,2009]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Material from the Okoppe River: Body diameter 0.68–0.82 mm in X, tails missing on both mature worms; one complete immature worm with 127 segments. One mature specimen with midventral glands in III–V, the other with a single gland in V. Circulatory system generally less-developed than in material from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D7883AFFE8D407B730F9AF7AC56E00" box="[1384,1436,1569,1595]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality. Anterior pair of lateral blood vessels from X to mid-body may be unbranched, or with few branches; posterior pair may be very short. Lateral blood vessels in posterior segments (beginning about LX or LXX) with more extensive branching, and with several short, blind caecae in the dorsal part.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFE8D404B29CF9387A4968EC" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,2009]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1436,152,215]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Spermathecae extend posteriorly to X in one mature worm, but as far as XV in the other. Ectal duct of spermatheca about 220–290 Μm long by 52–58 Μm wide, ampulla up to 190 Μm wide, histologically differentiated as in material from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D7883AFFE8D407B030F88F7DC46F20" box="[616,669,1793,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B14CF88F7C0E6F20" box="[788,855,1793,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. R" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[219,1378,255,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[215,1379,249,1918]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. R. orientalis, A – D from Maruyama, Sapporo; E from Okoppe River, Aomori. (A, B) anterior ends of whole worms, showing genital pores; midventral gland pores visible on B. (C) sagittal view of genital segments, from a cleared, whole worm, same specimen as A. (D) second atrium and spermatheca of the same specimen as A, drawn from sections. (E) reproductive organs, from a sagittal dissection. Scale bars: A – D = 2 mm; E = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig.6</figureCitation>
|
||
E). Two partially-mature worms with large cell masses (possibly developing spermathecal sacs) extending posteriorly from
|
||
<date id="FFD21058FFE8D407B640F8A87BE96F7B" box="[1048,1200,1830,1856]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1910-08-09" valueMax="1910-08-09" valueMin="1910-08-09">8/9 and 9/10</date>
|
||
. Male pore within a 90 Μm wide circle of non-clitellar epidermis, internally surrounded by a low mass of petiolate gland cells to 150 Μm high (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFE8D407B366F8FF7EDC6FB0" box="[318,389,1905,1931]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. R" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[219,1378,255,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[215,1379,249,1918]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. R. orientalis, A – D from Maruyama, Sapporo; E from Okoppe River, Aomori. (A, B) anterior ends of whole worms, showing genital pores; midventral gland pores visible on B. (C) sagittal view of genital segments, from a cleared, whole worm, same specimen as A. (D) second atrium and spermatheca of the same specimen as A, drawn from sections. (E) reproductive organs, from a sagittal dissection. Scale bars: A – D = 2 mm; E = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
E). Atria to XV and XXVI in the two mature specimens. Diameter of ectal portion 30–60 Μm; ental expansion to 180–240 Μm; total atrium length 2200–5300 μm. Posterior vas deferens diameter up to 19 Μm, joining atrium before beginning of prostates; posterior sperm funnel well developed. Anterior vas deferens diameter up to 10 Μm, without anterior sperm funnel or with a vestigial funnel on one worm. Sperm sacs to XXV in one mature worm, to XXXIV in the other; egg sacs with ova to XXXII and XXX.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF136610FFEBD404B2CFF8E07B0C6FDD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194258/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[219,1378,255,1901]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFEBD404B2CFF8E07B0C6FDD" blockId="14.[151,1437,1902,2022]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFEBD404B2CFF8E07E406FBD" bold="true" box="[151,281,1902,1926]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFEBD404B378F8E17EFD6FBD" box="[288,420,1903,1926]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFEBD404B378F8E17EFD6FBD" box="[288,420,1903,1926]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, A–D from Maruyama, Sapporo; E from Okoppe River, Aomori. (A, B) anterior ends of whole worms, showing genital pores; midventral gland pores visible on B. (C) sagittal view of genital segments, from a cleared, whole worm, same specimen as A. (D) second atrium and spermatheca of the same specimen as A, drawn from sections. (E) reproductive organs, from a sagittal dissection. Scale bars: A–D = 2 mm; E = 200 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF136610FFEAD405B2CFF9EB7A576EE6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" targetBox="[151,1436,180,1610]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFEAD405B2CFF9EB7A576EE6" blockId="15.[151,1437,1637,1757]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFEAD405B2CFF9EB7E7D6E46" bold="true" box="[151,292,1637,1661]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFEAD405B374F9EB7E996E47" box="[300,448,1637,1660]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFEAD405B374F9EB7E996E47" box="[300,448,1637,1660]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">R. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G–H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A–C, transverse sections, D–H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A–D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3766513FFEAD41AB2CFF8AB7D3A6DB9" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFEAD405B2CFF8AB7EF26F04" blockId="15.[151,427,1829,1855]" box="[151,427,1829,1855]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFEAD405B2CFF8AB7E4B6F04" bold="true" box="[151,274,1829,1855]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFEAD405B342F8A87EF26F04" box="[282,427,1830,1855]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFEAD405B342F8A87EF26F04" box="[282,427,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">R. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFEAD41AB2CFF8E47B2069E7" blockId="15.[151,1436,1898,2036]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Only a single specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFEAD405B38EF8E57D316FBF" box="[470,616,1899,1924]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFEAD405B38EF8E57D316FBF" box="[470,616,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">R. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
apparently remains from the original series (Dr. A. Ohtaka, personal communication). This specimen was apparently not quite mature, as the clitellum was not distinct and no sperm was present in the spermathecae. Of the three additional specimens from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D7883AFFEAD405B653F83B7B656FF4" box="[1035,1084,1973,1999]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, one was mature, with spermathecae and atria filled with sperm; another was apparently somewhat post-mature, with small testes and sperm tails in spermathecae and atria. The latter specimen had a row of midventral pores in III–V (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFF5D41AB777FF167A216889" box="[1327,1400,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. R" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[219,1378,255,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[215,1379,249,1918]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. R. orientalis, A – D from Maruyama, Sapporo; E from Okoppe River, Aomori. (A, B) anterior ends of whole worms, showing genital pores; midventral gland pores visible on B. (C) sagittal view of genital segments, from a cleared, whole worm, same specimen as A. (D) second atrium and spermatheca of the same specimen as A, drawn from sections. (E) reproductive organs, from a sagittal dissection. Scale bars: A – D = 2 mm; E = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194258/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
B), associated with bundles of cell extensions from several clusters of gland cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFF5D41AB609FF337BC068EC" box="[1105,1177,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. R" captionStartId="15.[151,262,1637,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,180,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,175,1626]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. R. orientalis from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A) preclitellar segment, showing midventral gland. (B) spermathecal pore. (C) vertical extension of nephridial duct. (D) ectal duct and ectal part of spermathecal ampulla. (E) ectal part of ampulla wall. (F) middle part of spermathecal ampulla. (G – H) ampulla wall in ental part; small vacuoles visible. (A – C, transverse sections, D – H sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – D, F = 200 μm; E, G, H = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194259/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Mature specimens from the Okoppe River had similar midventral (subneural) glands; both of these worms had sperm in the spermathecae and mature eggs. The number of glands varied in the latter specimens, suggesting that this character is variably expressed.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB059FEA37D8C697C" author="Yamaguchi" box="[513,725,301,327]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Yamaguchi, H. (1936) Studies on the Aquatic Oligochaeta of Japan 1. Lumbriculids from Hokkaido. Journal of the Faculty of Science of Hokkaido Imperial University, Zoology, 5, 73 - 94." type="journal article" year="1936">Yamaguchi (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not observe these glands in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D7883AFFF5D41AB633FEA37BC5697C" box="[1131,1180,301,327]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB751FEA37ACD697D" box="[1289,1428,301,327]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB751FEA37A43697D" box="[1289,1306,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB770FEA37ACD697D" box="[1320,1428,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although mature material may have been limited. The new collection of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB1BEFEDC7B246950" box="[998,1149,338,363]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB1BEFEDC7B246950" box="[998,1149,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Okoppe River indicates that the species is not limited to Hokkaido, but also occurs in at least the northern part of Honshu. The relatively small size, shorter atria and reduced blood vessels suggest variation among populations of this species, similar to that observed in some Nearctic species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB11FFE4C7B3469E7" author="Fend" box="[839,1133,450,476]" pageId="16" pageNumber="26" refString="Fend, S. V. & Brinkhurst, R. O. (2000) New species of Rhynchelmis (Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with observations on the Nearctic species. Hydrobiologia, 428, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="2000">Fend & Brinkhurst 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFF5D41AB29CFE667B026C09" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB29CFE667E076A39" author="Cook" box="[196,350,488,514]" pageId="16" pageNumber="26" refString="Cook, D. G. (1971) Family Lumbriculidae. In: Brinkhurst, R. O. and Jamieson, B. G. M., Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, pp. 200 - 285" type="book chapter" year="1971">Cook (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
examined the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB048FE667DDD6A3A" box="[528,644,488,513]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB048FE667DDD6A3A" box="[528,644,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D7883AFFF5D41AB0D4FE667D996A39" box="[652,704,488,514]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material, and considered this species to be very close to the Western Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB337FD837E816A1D" box="[367,472,525,550]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elrodi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB337FD837E816A1D" box="[367,472,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. elrodi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for which the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB0BAFD837CFE6A1D" box="[738,935,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB1EFFD857B106A1C" author="Hrabe" box="[951,1097,523,551]" pageId="16" pageNumber="26" refString="Hrabe, S. (1936) Uber Dorydrilus (Piguetia) mirabilis n. subg., n. sp. aus einem Sodbrunnen in der Umgebung von Basel sowie uber Dorydrilus (Dorydrilus) michaelseni Pig. und Bichaeta s anguinea Bret. Spisy vydavane p r irodov e ckou Fakultou Masarykovy University, 227, 3 - 18." type="journal article" year="1936">Hrabĕ 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) was erected. Other, mostly western Nearctic species have been associated with this group, either formally as comprising the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB2CFFDD67E046A4A" box="[151,349,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB3F4FDD87D676A49" author="Hrabe" box="[428,574,598,626]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Hrabe, S. (1982) Contribution to the knowledge of Oligochaeta from the lake Baikal. V e stnik C eskoslovenske spole c nosti zoologicke, 46,174 - 193." type="book" year="1982">Hrabĕ 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB013FDD67C446A49" author="Sokolskaya" box="[587,797,600,626]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Sokolskaya, N. L. (1983) Freshwater Oligochaeta of Kamchatka and the Koryak upland. Sbornik trudov Zoologicheskogo muzeya MGU, 20, 22 - 119." type="journal article" year="1983">Sokolskaya 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or informally (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB1B8FDD67A566A49" author="Fend" box="[992,1295,600,626]" pageId="16" pageNumber="26" refString="Fend, S. V. & Brinkhurst, R. O. (2000) New species of Rhynchelmis (Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with observations on the Nearctic species. Hydrobiologia, 428, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="2000">Fend & Brinkhurst 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB745FDD67F8F6AAC" author="Holmquist" pageId="16" pageNumber="26" refString="Holmquist, C. (1976) Lumbriculids (Oligochaeta) of northern Alaska and northwestern Canada. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 103, 377 - 431." type="journal article" year="1976">Holmquist 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB3CDFDF37D466AAD" box="[405,543,637,662]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB3CDFDF37D466AAD" box="[405,543,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. glandula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB075FDF37DE16AAD" box="[557,696,637,662]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alaskana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB075FDF37DE16AAD" box="[557,696,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. alaskana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB09FFDF37BBC6AAC" authority="Fend & Brinkhurst, 2000" authorityName="Fend & Brinkhurst" authorityYear="2000" box="[711,1253,637,663]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="saxosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB09FFDF37CEC6AAD" box="[711,949,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmis saxosa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB1E4FDF37BBC6AAC" author="Fend" box="[956,1253,637,663]" pageId="16" pageNumber="26" refString="Fend, S. V. & Brinkhurst, R. O. (2000) New species of Rhynchelmis (Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with observations on the Nearctic species. Hydrobiologia, 428, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="2000">Fend & Brinkhurst, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB6AAFDF37A336AAD" box="[1266,1386,637,662]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brooksi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB6AAFDF37A336AAD" box="[1266,1386,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. brooksi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB2CFFD2C7E7B6A80" box="[151,290,674,699]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="malevici">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB2CFFD2C7E7B6A80" box="[151,290,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. malevici</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB369FD2E7E886A87" author="Hrabe" box="[305,465,672,700]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Hrabe, S. (1982) Contribution to the knowledge of Oligochaeta from the lake Baikal. V e stnik C eskoslovenske spole c nosti zoologicke, 46,174 - 193." type="book" year="1982">Hrabĕ (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB03AFD2C7C7C6A80" box="[610,805,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
to be Nearctic, but did not mention the Palearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB7DBFD2C7E506ADA" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB7DBFD2C7E506ADA" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB341FD467EC76ADA" box="[281,414,712,737]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="malevici">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB341FD467EC76ADA" box="[281,414,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. malevici</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB381FD467D156ADA" box="[473,588,712,737]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="saxosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB381FD467D156ADA" box="[473,588,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. saxosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had not yet been described. Both
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB1BBFD487BDB6AD9" author="Hrabe" box="[995,1154,710,738]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Hrabe, S. (1982) Contribution to the knowledge of Oligochaeta from the lake Baikal. V e stnik C eskoslovenske spole c nosti zoologicke, 46,174 - 193." type="book" year="1982">Hrabĕ (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB6E5FD467AC46AD9" author="Sokolskaya" box="[1213,1437,712,738]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Sokolskaya, N. L. (1983) Freshwater Oligochaeta of Kamchatka and the Koryak upland. Sbornik trudov Zoologicheskogo muzeya MGU, 20, 22 - 119." type="journal article" year="1983">Sokolskaya (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB35AFD637E2E6B3D" box="[258,375,749,774]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brooksi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB35AFD637E2E6B3D" box="[258,375,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. brooksi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB3C5FD637D036B3D" box="[413,602,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
, but ignored the Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB1D1FD637B3B6B3C" authority="Eisen" authorityName="Eisen" box="[905,1122,749,775]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB1D1FD637B5C6B3D" box="[905,1029,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. rostrata</emphasis>
|
||
(Eisen)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which had originally been described under the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB3B9FC9C7D686B10" box="[481,561,786,811]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Sutroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB3B9FC9C7D686B10" box="[481,561,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sutroa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but later combined with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB129FC9C7A386B17" authority="Brinkhurst & Cook 1966" authorityName="Brinkhurst & Cook" authorityYear="1966" box="[881,1377,786,812]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB129FC9C7B546B10" box="[881,1037,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB646FC9C7A016B17" author="Brinkhurst" box="[1054,1368,786,812]" pageId="16" pageNumber="26" refString="Brinkhurst, R. O. & Cook, D. G. (1966) Studies on the North American aquatic Oligochaeta III. Lumbriculidae and additional notes and records of other families. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 118, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1966">Brinkhurst & Cook 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The analytical results of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB323FCB67C536B69" author="Kaygorodova" box="[379,778,824,850]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Kaygorodova, I. A. & Liventseva, V. G. (2007) A test of monophyly of the genus Rhynchelmis Hoffmeister, 1843 (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae): morphology based phylogeny. Investigations in Russia, 139 e, 1517 - 1527. http: // zhurnal. ape. relarn. ru / articles / 2007 / 139 e. pdf" type="journal article" year="2007">Kaygorodova & Liventseva (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
grouped
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB12DFCB67B736B6A" box="[885,1066,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB12DFCB67CE36B6A" box="[885,954,824,849]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elrodi">elrodi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB19DFCB67B736B6A" box="[965,1066,824,849]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandula">glandula</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB63AFCB67B976B6A" box="[1122,1230,824,849]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB63AFCB67B976B6A" box="[1122,1230,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, together with the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB2CFFCD37FBA6B4D" box="[151,227,861,886]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Sutroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB2CFFCD37FBA6B4D" box="[151,227,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sutroa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group species in a separate clade from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB0F3FCD37C4B6B4D" box="[683,786,861,886]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alaskana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB0F3FCD37C4B6B4D" box="[683,786,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">alaskana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB179FCD37C366B4D" box="[801,879,861,886]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="saxosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB179FCD37C366B4D" box="[801,879,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">saxosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB126FCD37C8A6B4D" box="[894,979,861,886]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brooksi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB126FCD37C8A6B4D" box="[894,979,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">brooksi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB654FCD37BD46B4D" box="[1036,1165,861,886]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="malevici">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB654FCD37BD46B4D" box="[1036,1165,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. malevici</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which in turn grouped with the
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB2A3FC0C7E4D6BA0" box="[251,276,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB37CFC0C7EEF6BA0" box="[292,438,898,923]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB37CFC0C7EEF6BA0" box="[292,438,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) species. Thus the species that traditionally have been associated with
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB6B9FC0C7AC56BA0" box="[1249,1436,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
were not resolved as a clade in that analysis (their
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFF5D41AB0B4FC267C6A6BF9" box="[748,819,936,962]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. R" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,204,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1755]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. R. tetratheca. (A) curled longitudinal muscles, oblique muscles. (B) ventral glands in an anterior segment. (C) septal sac on 9 / 10. (D) nephridial duct following a lateral blood vessel. (E) accessory organ in IX. (F) detail of accessory organ. (G, H) vas deferens and atrium within sperm sac. (I) vasa deferentia joining atrium entally. (J) ectal end of atrium, male funnel on 10 / 11, and vas deferens. (K) male pore. (L) spermathecal duct entering ampulla (right) and diverticulum (left). (A, B, D, G, K transverse sections, C, E, F, H – J, L sagittal sections). Scale bars: A – E, H – L = 200 μm; F – G = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194254/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB124FC267CB56BFA" box="[892,1004,936,961]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB124FC267CB56BFA" box="[892,1004,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
did not group with the other species lacking a spermatheca-gut connection. The discrepancies between the latter, analytical results and the earlier, intuitive classification based on overall similarity relates to the lack of obvious synapomorphies for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB2CFFB967E0B6C0A" box="[151,338,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
group, compared with the other species groups within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB19AFB967B0D6C0A" box="[962,1108,1048,1073]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB19AFB967B0D6C0A" box="[962,1108,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFF5D41AB29CFBB37D3A6DB9" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Although the earlier definition of
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB038FBB37C7C6C6D" box="[608,805,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
was quite limited (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB657FBB57BFA6C6C" author="Hrabe" box="[1039,1187,1083,1111]" pageId="16" pageNumber="26" refString="Hrabe, S. (1936) Uber Dorydrilus (Piguetia) mirabilis n. subg., n. sp. aus einem Sodbrunnen in der Umgebung von Basel sowie uber Dorydrilus (Dorydrilus) michaelseni Pig. und Bichaeta s anguinea Bret. Spisy vydavane p r irodov e ckou Fakultou Masarykovy University, 227, 3 - 18." type="journal article" year="1936">Hrabĕ 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), an expanded set of characters was given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB3E6FBEE7D3B6C47" author="Hrabe" box="[446,610,1120,1148]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Hrabe, S. (1982) Contribution to the knowledge of Oligochaeta from the lake Baikal. V e stnik C eskoslovenske spole c nosti zoologicke, 46,174 - 193." type="book" year="1982">Hrabĕ (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: the absence of
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB17AFBED7C656C47" box="[802,828,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB116FBED7CBF6C47" box="[846,998,1123,1148]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB116FBED7CBF6C47" box="[846,998,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)-like curled muscles, the cylindrical body, the absence of anterior vasa deferentia and male funnels, the vasa deferentia entering the atrial wall near the ectal end and running under the muscle layer to near the ental end, and the narrow diameter of the vasa deferentia compared with the atria. The absence of curled muscles (assumed by their omission in the literature description) was used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB3E7FB767DC26D29" author="Sokolskaya" box="[447,667,1272,1298]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Sokolskaya, N. L. (1983) Freshwater Oligochaeta of Kamchatka and the Koryak upland. Sbornik trudov Zoologicheskogo muzeya MGU, 20, 22 - 119." type="journal article" year="1983">Sokolskaya (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to associate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB168FB767C996D2A" box="[816,960,1272,1297]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB168FB767C996D2A" box="[816,960,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB65AFB767B9B6D2A" box="[1026,1218,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
. The new material confirms that the body is round, or at least not strongly quadrilateral, and longitudinal muscles are not tapered or curled. In addition, septal grooves are not as strong as in the
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB1CEFACD7CE96D67" box="[918,944,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB19AFACD7B036D67" box="[962,1114,1347,1372]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB19AFACD7B036D67" box="[962,1114,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) species, and the septa are obscured in the clitellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13572A1DFFF5D41AB391FAE67D426DB9" box="[457,539,1384,1410]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. R" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[219,1378,255,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[215,1379,249,1918]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. R. orientalis, A – D from Maruyama, Sapporo; E from Okoppe River, Aomori. (A, B) anterior ends of whole worms, showing genital pores; midventral gland pores visible on B. (C) sagittal view of genital segments, from a cleared, whole worm, same specimen as A. (D) second atrium and spermatheca of the same specimen as A, drawn from sections. (E) reproductive organs, from a sagittal dissection. Scale bars: A – D = 2 mm; E = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194258/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3766513FFF5D418B29CFA037AC56957" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFF5D41AB29CFA037EBD6F27" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB29CFA037E896D9D" ID-CoL="8TZQT" box="[196,464,1421,1446]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB29CFA037E896D9D" box="[196,464,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmis orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from other
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB0F7FA037C376D9D" box="[687,878,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
group species in having a vestigial anterior vas deferens, and can be interpreted as resembling the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB083FA3D7C7F6DF7" ID-CoL="84TYJ" box="[731,806,1459,1484]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Sutroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB083FA3D7C7F6DF7" box="[731,806,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sutroa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group in this respect. The condition of the anterior vas actually seems intermediate between the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB024FA567D906DCA" ID-CoL="84TYJ" box="[636,713,1496,1521]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Sutroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB024FA567D906DCA" box="[636,713,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sutroa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB15CFA567C9D6DCA" box="[772,964,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
group character states, as it is absent or weakly expressed in the atrial muscle posteriorly. Thus the loss of anterior male ducts (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB6F8FA737A026E2C" author="Brinkhurst" box="[1184,1371,1533,1559]" pageId="16" pageNumber="26" refString="Brinkhurst, R. O. (1989) A phylogenetic analysis of the Lumbriculidae (Annelida, Oligochaeta). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 67, 2731 - 2739." type="journal article" year="1989">Brinkhurst 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) may still be argued to be a potential synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB14AF9AD7C886E07" box="[786,977,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
group (including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB6FCF9AD7A6D6E07" ID-CoL="8TZQT" box="[1188,1332,1571,1596]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB6FCF9AD7A6D6E07" box="[1188,1332,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Unlike other
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB283F9C67EC36E5A" box="[219,410,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
group species, the vasa deferentia do not immediately embed in the atrial wall near the male pore, and the beginning of the prostate layer is well posterior to X. However, the embedded vas and the prostate layer do extend over most of the atrial length.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B69FFF5D41AB16AF91C7B416E97" author="Yamaguchi" box="[818,1048,1682,1708]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Yamaguchi, H. (1936) Studies on the Aquatic Oligochaeta of Japan 1. Lumbriculids from Hokkaido. Journal of the Faculty of Science of Hokkaido Imperial University, Zoology, 5, 73 - 94." type="journal article" year="1936">Yamaguchi (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described atria and sperm sacs extending as far back as XXVII in one specimen, which is farther than in any other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB6D8F9367A4E6EEA" ID-CoL="84T8H" box="[1152,1303,1720,1745]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB6D8F9367A4E6EEA" box="[1152,1303,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species; in some of the new material the atria are even longer. The extent of the sperm and egg sacs in specimens from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D7883AFFF5D41AB2CFF88C7F936F27" box="[151,202,1794,1820]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is also unusual.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFF5D418B29CF8A67AC56957" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1436,152,551]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
As apparent symplesiomorphies, the body wall characters do not resolve the
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB600F8A67A436F7A" box="[1112,1306,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
group as a monophyly. A few additional similarities, whether apomorphic or plesiomorphic, may be significant in future morphological analyses. The arrangement of blood vessels (two branched pairs per segment) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB752F8FD7AC56FB7" ID-CoL="8TZQT" box="[1290,1436,1907,1932]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB752F8FD7AC56FB7" box="[1290,1436,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles that of most Nearctic species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB08CF8167C7D6F8A" ID-CoL="84TYJ" box="[724,804,1944,1969]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Sutroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB08CF8167C7D6F8A" box="[724,804,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sutroa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB139F8167B716F8A" box="[865,1064,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
groups. The general form and histology of the atrium resembles that of most other
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB0BCF8337CC66FED" box="[740,927,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
group species (except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB6F9F8337BAC6FED" ID-CoL="797QD" box="[1185,1269,1981,2006]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brooksi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB6F9F8337BAC6FED" box="[1185,1269,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">brooksi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF5D41AB774F8337AD56FED" ID-CoL="4SQJK" box="[1324,1420,1981,2006]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="malevici">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF5D41AB774F8337AD56FED" box="[1324,1420,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">malevici</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and lacks the complex musculature of most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B0D1FF167D8D688A" ID-CoL="84TYJ" box="[649,724,152,177]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Sutroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B0D1FF167D8D688A" box="[649,724,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Sutroa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group species. As in the case of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B61FFF167BED688A" ID-CoL="4SQJ2" box="[1095,1204,152,177]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="saxosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B61FFF167BED688A" box="[1095,1204,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">R. saxosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B69AFF167A11688A" ID-CoL="4SQHV" box="[1218,1352,152,177]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alaskana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B69AFF167A11688A" box="[1218,1352,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">R. alaskana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and to a lesser extent
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B319FF337EFD68ED" ID-CoL="4SQHY" box="[321,420,189,214]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elrodi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B319FF337EFD68ED" box="[321,420,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">R. elrodi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B384FF337D3B68ED" ID-CoL="8TPZF" box="[476,610,189,214]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B384FF337D3B68ED" box="[476,610,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">R. glandula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the ental end of the atrium is strongly expanded; as with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B6A4FF337A3368ED" ID-CoL="4SQJ2" box="[1276,1386,189,214]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="saxosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B6A4FF337A3368ED" box="[1276,1386,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">R. saxosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the prostates may be sparse entally. Although it is relatively long, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B1D1FF6C7B4F68C0" ID-CoL="8TZQT" box="[905,1046,226,251]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B1D1FF6C7B4F68C0" box="[905,1046,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">R. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spermatheca is similar to those of the other
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B35CFE867EE6691A" box="[260,447,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
group species lacking a gut connection: the ectal end of the ampulla has concentrated sperm and the ental end is lined with unmodified epithelium. The midventral glands in anterior segments of some specimens are unusual in the family, and are a likely synapomorphy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B18CFEDC7B016950" ID-CoL="8TPZF" box="[980,1112,338,363]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B18CFEDC7B016950" box="[980,1112,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">R. glandula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B63DFEDC7BB56950" ID-CoL="4SQHV" box="[1125,1260,338,363]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alaskana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B63DFEDC7BB56950" box="[1125,1260,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">R. alaskana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B770FEDC7ACD6950" ID-CoL="4SQJ2" box="[1320,1428,338,363]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="saxosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B770FEDC7ACD6950" box="[1320,1428,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">R. saxosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF136610FFF4D41BB2CFF8D27D8D6FE4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194260/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[253,1299,202,1856]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFF4D41BB2CFF8D27D8D6FE4" blockId="17.[151,1437,1884,2015]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF4D41BB2CFF8D27E446F4F" bold="true" box="[151,285,1884,1908]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF4D41BB37CF8D37EF56F4F" box="[292,428,1885,1908]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF4D41BB37CF8D37EF56F4F" box="[292,428,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">R. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Maruyama, Sapporo. (A–B) male pores; B is from the type material. (C) ectal part of atrium in XI, with part of spermathecal ampulla to left. (D) atrium in XIV, with prostates. (E) atrium in XXX. (F) ental end of atrium in XXX. (G–H) atria from the type material, in mid-ampulla (G) and near the ental end (H). (All transverse sections). Scale bars: A–B = 200 μm; C–H = 100 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3766513FFF7D418B29EFEF67B6D6A1C" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD33698FFF7D418B29EFEF67B6D6A1C" blockId="18.[151,1436,152,551]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Unlike other
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B334FEF67D7E69AA" box="[364,551,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
group species (plus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B169FEF67CF469AA" box="[817,941,376,401]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brooksi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B169FEF67CF469AA" box="[817,941,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">R. brooksi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B1ACFEF67B2569AA" box="[1012,1148,376,401]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="malevici">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B1ACFEF67B2569AA" box="[1012,1148,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">R. malevici</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the ectal duct of the spermatheca is not thickened. Male and spermathecal pores are simple, without obvious penes, in contrast to the small but distinctive penes of some
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B067FE4C7DA669E0" box="[575,767,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
group species. Although Yamaguchi described the first nephridia as being in XIV, they are on 12/13, with pores in XIII in our material, as in other members of the genus; the dorsal loop of the nephridial tubules is also typical for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D1BFFF7D418B1CFFD837B746A1D" box="[919,1069,525,550]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EA8AFFF7D418B1CFFD837B746A1D" box="[919,1069,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |