600 lines
80 KiB
XML
600 lines
80 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6069227" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1ccd0e95-58e8-45af-b020-6c42e4d70262" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119208842" ID-ISSN="2156-5457" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6069227" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC40896F-1D0B-4090-A52F-94EBD739D62F" checkinTime="1458552697870" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Andrew D. Warren, Shinichi Nakahara, Vladimir A. Lukhtanov, Kathryn M. Daly, Clifford D. Ferris, Nick V. Grishin, Martin Cesanek & Jonathan P. Pelham" docDate="2016" docId="03BB87A7FFD3FFFD8AB1FEC4FACCAF5F" docLanguage="en" docName="JRL_49_1_20.pdf" docOrigin="The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 49" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Oeneis tanana A. Warren & Nakahara, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="AC40896F-1D0B-4090-A52F-94EBD739D62F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FF82FFDFFFD0FFF48A0CFFCFFFC4A938" masterDocTitle="A new species of Oeneis from Alaska, United States, with notes on the Oeneis chryxus complex (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1644803551084" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Oeneis from Alaska, United States, with notes on the Oeneis chryxus complex (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Andrew D. Warren</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shinichi Nakahara</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vladimir A. Lukhtanov</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kathryn M. Daly</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Clifford D. Ferris</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nick V. Grishin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Martin Cesanek</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jonathan P. Pelham</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>49</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>20</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.270001</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">1ccd0e95-58e8-45af-b020-6c42e4d70262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2156-5457</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">270001</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C3C004C6-9D38-4B99-AF4F-813B1689FCD3</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6069227" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119208842" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6069227" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC40896F-1D0B-4090-A52F-94EBD739D62F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB87A7FFD3FFFD8AB1FEC4FACCAF5F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection box="[189,715,267,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[189,715,267,324]" box="[189,715,267,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<heading bold="true" box="[189,715,267,292]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="0">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,715,267,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName authority="A. Warren & Nakahara" authorityName="A. Warren & Nakahara" box="[189,615,267,292]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,342,267,291]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Oeneis tanana</emphasis>
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A. Warren & Nakahara
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[627,715,268,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[227,436,299,324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[189,715,267,324]" box="[227,436,299,324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<heading box="[227,436,299,324]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[235,312,300,324]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[227,292,1319,1339]" captionTargetBox="[245,1366,242,1239]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[189,1443,197,1299]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Males (a-f) and females (g-l) of Oeneis tanana from the type locality, 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska, showing individual variation observed in the population. Each specimen is figured in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. HT = holotype. Specimens collected by M. Douglas (a-e, g-k, 17 - 18 June 1999) and J. Harry (f, 10 June 1999; l, 17 June 1999), in MGCL." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270002/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[326,366,300,324]" captionStart-0="Figure 3" captionStart-1="Figure 4" captionStartId-0="7.[226,291,1034,1054]" captionStartId-1="8.[227,292,1060,1080]" captionTargetBox-0="[314,1309,249,947]" captionTargetBox-1="[229,1395,222,981]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[221,1426,197,998]" captionTargetId-1="figure@8.[189,1443,197,1023]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionText-0="Figure 3. Morphology of Oeneis tanana from 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska: a, male wing venation; b, male foreleg; c, female foreleg; d, male labial palpus; e, female labial palpus. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 10 mm for a, otherwise 1 mm." captionText-1="Figure 4. Male and female genitalia of Oeneis tanana from 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska: a, male genitalia (SN- 15 - 156) in left lateral view; b, aedeagus in left lateral view; c, aedeagus in dorsal view; d, eighth tergite in dorsal view; e, juxta in dorsal view; f, female genitalia (SN- 15 - 151) in dorsal view; g, lamella antevaginalis in front view; h, signa. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/270004/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/270005/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3-4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[377,391,299,323]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="10.[873,938,907,927]" captionTargetBox="[855,1395,225,825]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[835,1443,197,851]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 6. Variation in valvae of Oeneis tanana and O. chryxus: a-c, Oeneis tanana (SN- 15 - 145; SN- 15 - 155; SN- 15 - 157); d-f, Oeneis chryxus (SN- 15 - 158; SN- 15 - 159; SN- 15 - 160). Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270007/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">6</figureCitation>
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a-c)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[189,776,360,406]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Zoobank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC40896F-1D0B-4090- A52F-94EBD739D62F</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[189,798,444,1929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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M A LE.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[300,350,444,463]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Head</emphasis>
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: Eyes brownish, naked; labial palpi (
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<figureCitation box="[665,722,444,463]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[226,291,1034,1054]" captionTargetBox="[314,1309,249,947]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[221,1426,197,998]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Morphology of Oeneis tanana from 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska: a, male wing venation; b, male foreleg; c, female foreleg; d, male labial palpus; e, female labial palpus. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 10 mm for a, otherwise 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270004/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs.3</figureCitation>
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d,e) first segment short, covered with long dark-brown hair-like modified scales ventrally, 3-4 times as long as segment width, white scales laterally, longer white hair-like scales dorsally; second segment similar to first in scale orientation,about three times longer than first segment; third segment similar to first and second segments in scale orientation, shorter than first segment in male, same length in female; antennae approximately two-fifths length of forewing costa, 40 segments (n=1), pedicel about half as long as scape, with distal 15-16 segments comprising club.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[350,419,676,695]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Thorax</emphasis>
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: Dorsally black, covered with golden hairlike modified scales; ventrally black, golden hair-like modified scales sparse. Legs (
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<figureCitation box="[322,384,727,746]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[226,291,1034,1054]" captionTargetBox="[314,1309,249,947]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[221,1426,197,998]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Morphology of Oeneis tanana from 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska: a, male wing venation; b, male foreleg; c, female foreleg; d, male labial palpus; e, female labial palpus. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 10 mm for a, otherwise 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270004/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
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b,c): Foreleg tarsus slightly longer than tibia, femur slightly shorter than tibia; midleg and hindleg similar in length; femur black, adorned with long dark-brown hair-like modified scales ventrally, greyish scales scattered dorsally; tarsus and tibia of midleg and hindleg covered with greyish scales,dark brown hair-like modified scales present on distal half of tibia, tibia and tarsus adorned with spines, pair of relatively short tibial spurs located at ventral side of distal end of tibia.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[306,396,906,926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: Eighth tergite elongated, approximately 1.5 times longer than seventh tergite, dorsal surface apparently weakly sclerotized; eighth sternite small, approximately two-thirds length of seventh sternite, apparently uniformly sclerotized.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[189,798,444,1929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[227,321,1009,1029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Genitalia</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[336,406,1010,1029]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[227,292,1060,1080]" captionTargetBox="[229,1395,222,981]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,1443,197,1023]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Male and female genitalia of Oeneis tanana from 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska: a, male genitalia (SN- 15 - 156) in left lateral view; b, aedeagus in left lateral view; c, aedeagus in dorsal view; d, eighth tergite in dorsal view; e, juxta in dorsal view; f, female genitalia (SN- 15 - 151) in dorsal view; g, lamella antevaginalis in front view; h, signa. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270005/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
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a-e): Tegumen shaped somewhat like a ‘megaphone’ in lateral view, dorsal margin of tegumen slightly concave; uncus tapered towards end, slightly curved in lateral view, curved posterior end of uncus rounded in lateral view, slightly longer than dorsal margin of tegumen in lateral view, dorsally seteous; brachia almost pararell to uncus in dorsal view, apex slightly hooked, roughly half length of uncus; ventral arms of tegumen partially fused to anterior margin of tegumen, thus form of anterior edge of tegumen somewhat like a plate in dorsal or posterior view; appendix angularis present; saccus relatively short, similar in length to brachia, dorsal arms of saccus combined with ventral arms of tegumen; juxta present; valva with scattered setae, positioned at approximately 30º angle to horizontal, distal half of valva roughly trapezoidal in lateral view with angular apex, ‘tooth’ present at middle section of dorsal margin of valva in lateral view, middle section of ventral margin of valva convex in lateral view, basal one third of dorsal margin concave; aedeagus similar in length to tegumen plus uncus, almost straight in lateral view, adorned with a variable number of short spins, open anterodorsally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[189,798,444,1929]" lastBlockId="3.[835,1444,199,1380]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[227,468,1497,1517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Wing venation and shape</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[483,539,1498,1517]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[226,291,1034,1054]" captionTargetBox="[314,1309,249,947]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[221,1426,197,998]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Morphology of Oeneis tanana from 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska: a, male wing venation; b, male foreleg; c, female foreleg; d, male labial palpus; e, female labial palpus. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 10 mm for a, otherwise 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270004/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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a): Mean forewing length = 26.7 mm (n = 20). Forewing recurrent vein absent; basal swelling of forewing cubital vein absent; hindwing humeral vein developed;shape typical of other members of the
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<taxonomicName box="[486,573,1575,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
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<emphasis box="[486,573,1575,1595]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">O. chryxus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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complex. Wing pattern (
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<figureCitation box="[195,250,1601,1620]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[227,292,1319,1339]" captionTargetBox="[245,1366,242,1239]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[189,1443,197,1299]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Males (a-f) and females (g-l) of Oeneis tanana from the type locality, 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska, showing individual variation observed in the population. Each specimen is figured in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. HT = holotype. Specimens collected by M. Douglas (a-e, g-k, 17 - 18 June 1999) and J. Harry (f, 10 June 1999; l, 17 June 1999), in MGCL." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270002/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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a-l):
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<emphasis box="[289,411,1601,1620]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Dorsal forewing</emphasis>
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ground color dark brown; androconial dark scales approximately 1mm in width, present at distal end of discal cell along cubital vein, base of cells M3, Cu1 and Cu2; color and density of androconial scales highly variable; black submarginal ocellus in cell M1 often with indistinct creamy pupil in center; submarginal ocelli variably present in cells M3, Cu1, with or without pale pupils; submargin and margin of forewing variably overscaled with reddish or pale ochre, sparse or absent over and adjacent to wing veins, creating a series of irregularly-shaped patches separated by dark wing veins; fringe scales white and greyish.
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<emphasis box="[465,595,1833,1852]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Dorsal hindwing</emphasis>
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ground colour same as forewing, with variable intensity of reddish or pale ochre overscaling; black ocellus in cell Cu1 variable in development, from bold to absent, often with indistinct creamy pupil in center; fringe scales white and greyish.
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<emphasis box="[917,1048,199,218]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ventral forewing</emphasis>
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ground colour greyish-ochre; costal region (area basal to subcostal vein) mosaic of black and white, extending to apex, then along margin to cell R5, and variably to cells M2 or M3; numerous dark brown fragmented markings in discal cell,dark brown streak along M2-M3; dark brown undulating band extending from costa, distal to discal cell, fading distally in cell M2, curved inwards below M3 and extending to cell Cu2; black ocellus in cell M1 generally with creamy pupil in center; ocelli in cells M3 and Cu1 variably present, smallest in M3, with or without pale pupil; outer margin of forewing darker; fringe as described for upperside.
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<emphasis box="[1227,1368,431,450]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ventral hindwing</emphasis>
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ground colour indiscernible; wing veins highlighted with a variable amount of whitish scaling; costal region (area above subcostal vein) mosaic of black and white, extending along length of costa; pattern elements as follows, from base to distal margin: basal area mosaic of dark brown irregular markings with dark ochre background,followed by a whitish area with sparse dark brown irregular markings; dark brown sinuate band extending from costa to outer margin, approximately 1mm in width, roughly traversing in an outward direction until cubital vein, then roughly inward below cubital vein; area distal to this band mosaic of dark brown irregular fragmented markings with dark ochre and/ or greyish white ground colour; second dark brown sinuate band extending from costa to outer margin, similar in width to previous band, roughly traversing in outward direction until origin of M3, then roughly inward below this point; area distal to this band broadly white, wider than previous band; area distal to this (submargin and margin) mosaic of dark brown irregular fragmented markings with dark ochre and/or greyish ground color, darkest along margin; trace of pale submarginal ocelli variably present in cells Rs, M1, M 2 and M 3, black ocellus in cell Cu1 variably present, often with creamy pupil in center; fringe as described above.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[835,1444,199,1380]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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FEMALE. Similar to male, except as follows: foretarsus not segmented although adorned with spines; mean forewing length = 26.9 mm (n = 10); wing shape rounder and broader, lacking forewing androconia and surrounding darkened area. Genitalia (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[227,292,1060,1080]" captionTargetBox="[229,1395,222,981]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,1443,197,1023]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Male and female genitalia of Oeneis tanana from 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska: a, male genitalia (SN- 15 - 156) in left lateral view; b, aedeagus in left lateral view; c, aedeagus in dorsal view; d, eighth tergite in dorsal view; e, juxta in dorsal view; f, female genitalia (SN- 15 - 151) in dorsal view; g, lamella antevaginalis in front view; h, signa. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270005/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
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f-h): Lamella antevaginalis well developed, vertical projection under ostium bursae present and sclerotized, anterior portion of lamella antevaginallis forming a plate below this vertical projection; weakly sclerotised ventral region present in seventh and eighth intersegmental membrane, apparently fused with anterior portion of lamella antevaginalis; most of ductus bursae sclerotised; ductus seminalis located at base (posterior end) of corpus bursae; corpus bursae roughly oval, extending to third abdominal segment; two brown signa located at ventral side of corpus bursae, signa prominent and parallel to each other, spines of signa developed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[835,1444,199,1380]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">COI ‘Barcode’ sequence: vouchers CCDB-0 5786 D0 8, KWP:Ento:29760, NVG-5202, NVG-5203, 658 base pairs:</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[835,1444,1419,1929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A A C T T T A T A T T T T A T T T T A G G A A T T T G A G C A G G T A T A G T A G G A A C A T C T C T T A G T C T T A T T A T T C G A A C A G A A T T A G G T A A C C C A G G A T C T T T A A T T G G A A AT G A C C A A AT T TATA ATA C TAT T G T TA C A G C T C A T G C T T T T A T T A T A A T T T T T T T T A T A G T T A T A C C A A T T A T A A T T G G G G G A T T T G G A A A T T G A C T A A T T C C T C T A A T A C T T G G A G C C C C T G A T A T A G C C T T C C C C C G A A T A A A T A A T A T A A G A T T T T G A C T T T T A C C C C C T T C T T T G A T A C T T T T A A T T T C A A G C A A T A T T G T T G A A A AT G G A G TA G G A A C A G G AT G A A C A AT T T A C C C C C C T C T C T C A T C T A A T A T T G C C C A T A G A G G A T C T T C T G T T G A T T T A G C A A T T T T T T C T T T A C A T T T A G C T G G A A T T T C T T C T A T T T T A G G A G C T A T T A A T T T T A T T A C A A C A A T T A T T A A T A T A C G A A T T A A T A A T A T A A C T T A T G A T C A A A T A C C T T T A T T T G T T T G A G C T G T A G G A A T T A C A G C T T T A T T A T T A T T A C T C T C T C T T C C T G T A T T A G C T G G G G C A A T C A C T A T A C T T C T T A C A G A T C G A A A T T T A A A T A C T T C A T T T T T T G A T C C A G C A G G A G G G G G A G A C C C T A T T T T A T A T C A A C A T T T A T T T</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270002/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[245,1366,242,1239]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[227,1406,1316,1390]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[227,308,1319,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figure 1</emphasis>
|
||
. Males (a-f) and females (g-l) of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[608,744,1316,1336]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[608,744,1316,1336]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[608,675,1316,1336]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oeneis</taxonomicName>
|
||
tanana
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the type locality,5 mi. S of Tok,Alaska, showing individual variation observed in the population. Each specimen is figured in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. HT = holotype. Specimens collected by M. Douglas (a-e, g-k, 17-18 June 1999) and J. Harry (f, 10 June 1999; l, 17 June 1999), in MGCL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[189,798,1461,1930]" lastBlockId="5.[189,798,199,607]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[227,281,1461,1480]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Types</emphasis>
|
||
. Holotype male (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[441,490,1461,1480]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[227,292,1319,1339]" captionTargetBox="[245,1366,242,1239]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[189,1443,197,1299]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Males (a-f) and females (g-l) of Oeneis tanana from the type locality, 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska, showing individual variation observed in the population. Each specimen is figured in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. HT = holotype. Specimens collected by M. Douglas (a-e, g-k, 17 - 18 June 1999) and J. Harry (f, 10 June 1999; l, 17 June 1999), in MGCL." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270002/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
c) with the following labels: white, printed: AK:
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[312,404,1488,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">TANANA</taxonomicName>
|
||
VALLEY / 5 MI. S. OF TOK, TOK / CUT- OFF AT BUTCH / KUTH RD. VI-17-18-99 / LEG. M.G.Douglas /; white printed: J. D. Turner ex / Malcolm Douglas / colln. / MGCL Accession # 2009-26 /; red, printed: HOLOTYPE /
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[672,797,1567,1586]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[672,797,1567,1586]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Oeneis tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ A. Warren & Nakahara /. The holotype is deposited in the McGuire Center for
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[372,486,1619,1638]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida (MGCL). Paratypes (326♂, 79♀) from: USA: ALASKA: Alaska Hwy., mi. 1270, 2000’, 11-VI-1999, J. L. Harry (9♂, 1♀ MGCL); Alaska Hwy. (Hwy. 2), mi. 1289.55, 63°13,9’N 142°17.9’W, 1800’, 15-VI-1997, C. D. Ferris (13♂, 1♀ CDF); Alaska Hwy., mi. 1289.55, Midway Lake, gravel flats on hillside above road, 15 -V I-1997, K. W. Philip (7♂, 2♀ KWP; UAM100190535-UAM100190543); Alaska Hwy., mi. 1316, 20-VI- 1955, J. & F.Preston (1♂ MGCL); Alaska Hwy.(Hwy.2), mi. 1354.2, 1800’, 63°35’N 143°55’W, 15-VI-1995, C. D. Ferris (2♀ CDF); Alaska Hw y., mi. 1371, 28 -V I-1970 (1♀ MGCL); Alaska Hwy. (Hwy. 2), mi. 1410, 1250’, 61°56.7’N 145°23.7’W, 15-VI-1995, C. D. Ferris (1♂, 1♀ CDF); Alaska Hwy., mi. 1410, Spruce Road, powerline cut in taiga, grass and flowers, 1240’, 17-VI-1997, K. W. Philip (2♂ KWP; UAM100060877, UAM100060878); Alaska Hwy., mi. 1410, 12 mi. SE Delta Jct., 1200’, 15 -V I-2001, J. L. Harr y (1♀ MGCL); Anderson, 1 mi. E, 500’, 4-VI-1999, J. L. Harry (1♂, MGCL); Hwy. 1, 5 mi. S Tok, 1700’, 10-VI-1999, J. L. Harry (18♂, 2♀ MGCL); 12-VI-1999, J. L. Harry (21♂ MGCL); 13-VI-1999, J. L. Harry (13♂ MGCL); 17-VI-1999, J. L. Harry (26♂, 6♀ MGCL); 18-VI-1999, J. L. Harry (1♂, 1♀ MGCL); Hwy. 1, 5 mi. S of Tok, 1700’, 63°16’N 143°02’W, 13 -V I-1995, C. D. Ferris (2♂, 1♀ MGCL SN-15 -145 -♂, SN-15-155-♂, SN-15-149-♀); 14 -V I-1995, C. D. Ferris (8♂ MGCL; incl. SN-15-147, SN-15-154, SN-15-156, SN-15-157); 14-15-VI-1995, C. D. Ferris (46♂, 17♀ CDF); 6-VII-1995 C. D. Ferris (1♀ MGCL, SN-15-151); Hwy. 1, 5.0 ± 0.5 mi. S of Tok, [1700’], 63°16.04’N 143°01.9’W, 5-VI-1997, C. D. Ferris (1♂, 1♀ CDF); 14-VI-1997, C. D. Ferris (52♂, 21♀ CDF); 1-VII-1997, C. D. Ferris (3♂, 4♀ CDF); Nenana, 400’ [351’], 4-VI- 1999, J. L. Harry (6♂ MGCL); 6-VI-1999, J. L. Harry (1♂ MGCL); Northway Airport, 1700’, 11-VI-1999, J. L. Harry (1♂ MGCL); Northway Airport, 7 mi. off Alaska Hwy., flower-filled lawns and fields, 1700’, 15-VI-1997, K. W. Philip (1♀ KWP UAM100190552); Old Alaska Hwy., 3 mi. NE Tok, 1600’, 12-VI-1999, J. L. Harry (2♂ MGCL); Richardson Hwy., mi. 229 [vic. Black Rapids], [2083’], 26-VI-1971, C. D. Ferris (1♀ CDF);
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[547,621,303,322]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
River, 21 mi. SW Fairbanks, 400’ [Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest], 18-V-1997, J. L. Harry (1♀ MGCL);
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[416,487,355,374]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
Valley, 5 mi. S of Tok, Tok Cutoff at Butch Kuth Rd., 17-18-VI-1999, M. Douglas (53♂, 7♀ MGCL); Tok, 17-VI-1971, L. Jennings (1♂ KWP; UAM100379347); 9-VI- 2005, Szymczyk (1♂ JPB); Tok Cutoff, 5 mi. S of Tok, Butch Kuth Ave., roadside flowers in open aspen/spruce forest, 13-VI-1995, K. W. Philip (11♂, 3♀ KWP; UAM100379326-UAM100379329, U A M 10 0 3 7 9 3 4 4 - U A M 10 0 3 7 9 3 4 6, U A M 10 0 3 7 9 3 6 7 - UAM100379369, UAM100379384-UAM100379387); 14-VI-1995, K. W. Philip (25♂, 3♀ KWP; UAM100379330-UAM100379343, UAM100379370-UAM100379383).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[189,534,653,677]" box="[189,534,653,677]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[189,534,653,677]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,534,653,677]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Additional material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[189,803,715,1929]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[227,361,716,735]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[227,361,716,735]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oeneis tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: “nr. Nome, Alaska”, no date, no collector indicated (1♀ MGCL).This specimen was not included in the type series, since it is the only known specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[630,721,768,787]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[630,721,768,787]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
labeled from outside the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[345,415,794,813]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
River drainage, and it lacks the collection date and name of the collector; we suspect it is mislabeled. Considerable collecting efforts have been made in the Nome area, yet no material of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[361,450,871,890]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[361,450,871,890]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[189,803,715,1929]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[227,354,897,916]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[227,354,897,916]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oeneis chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA (74♂, 29♀): Alaska Hwy. km. 600, 11-VII-1984, J. & F. Preston (1♂ MGCL); Alaska Hwy., mi. 392, mountain S of Summit Pass, 4000-7000’, 22-VII-1948, W. Hovanitz (1♀ MGCL); Alaska Hwy., mi. 400, Summit Lake, 4200-5000’, W. Hovanitz (2♂, 2♀ MGCL); Alaska Hwy., mi. 409, McDonald Ck., 6-VII-1948, W. Hovanitz (2♂ MGCL); Alaska Hwy. mi. 415, Racing R., 6-VII-1948, W. Hovanitz (4♀ MGCL); Alaska Hwy., MP 417, 18-VI-1970, A. O. Detmar (1♂ MGCL); Atlin, 600-900m, 22-VI-1991, J. Reichel (1♂, 1♀ MGCL); Atlin, 800m, 26-VI-1991 (1♂ MGCL); 23-VI-1991 (1♀ MGCL); Atlin Rd., 3 mi. N of Atlin, 2300’, 30-VI-1985, C. D. Ferris (4♂, CDF); Atlin Rd., 3 mi. N of Atlin to Snafu Creek, 30-VI-1985, C. D. Ferris (1♂ CDF); Coalmount, 5-VII-1968, S. Shigematsu (4♂ MGCL); Crater Mtn., W of Keremos, 1-VII-1981, C. D. Ferris (2♂ CDF); Creston, Thompson Pk., 15-VII-1976 (3♂ MGCL); Gibson Pass, Manning Park, 5000’, 16-VII-1979, C. Guppy (2♂ MGCL); 23-VII-1983 (1♂ MGCL); Haines Hwy., mi. 78, 4-VII-1971, C. D. Ferris (7♂, 1♀ CDF); Jct. of Cassiar Hwy. & Boya Lake Rd., 2200’, 10-VI-1986, C. D. Ferris (12♂, 4♀ CDF); Kelly Lake – Canoe Creek Rd., nr. Jesmond, 3100-4400’, 23-VII-1984, J. & F. Preston (2♀ MGCL); 24-VII-1984, J. & F. Preston (1♂, 1♀ MGCL); [Manning] Park, 5000’, Valley View, 7-V II-1961, H. K immich (1♀ MGCL); Mt. Princeton, 29-30-V-1964, H. Kimmich (1♂ MGCL); Otter Lake C.G., nr. Princeton, 9-VII-1976 (2♂, 1♀ MGCL); Pavilion – Kelly Lake Rd. at Diamond S Ranch, N of Lillooet, 3900’, 24-VII-1984, J. & F. Preston (1♂ MGCL); Pavilion – Kelly Lake Rd., 8.5 mi. N Pavilion, 4300’, 24-VII-1984, J. & F. Preston (2♂, 3♀ MGCL); Pink Mtn., halfway up, on road to lookout, 4-VII-1985, C. D. Ferris (2♂ CDF); Pink Mtn., mi. 147, Alcan Hwy., 9-VII-1978 (2♂ MGCL): Pink Mtn., mi. 147, Hwy. 97, 5000’, VI-VII-1980, N. Tremblay (1♀ MGCL); Princeton, 27-VI-1966 (1♂ MGCL); Princeton, Cardinal Ranch, 27-VI-1966, B. Weber (1♀ MGCL); Stagleap Cyn., Kootenay Dist., 27-VII-1987, D. L. Bauer (1♂ MGCL); Summerland area, Okanagan Valley, 25-VI-1983, J. Reichel (1♂ MGCL); Tompson Mt., Kootenay Dist., 25-VII-1981, D. L. Bauer (2♂ MGCL); 5 mi. S Clinton, 26-VI-1964 (14♂, 5♀ MGCL).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[189,803,715,1929]" lastBlockId="7.[189,798,1147,1929]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
YUKON TERRITORY (317♂, 149♀): Alaska Hwy., bog nr. Johnson’s Crossing, 22-VI-1948 (1♂, 1♀ MGCL); Alaska Hwy., mi. 825, 15-VI-1957, J. & F. Preston (1♂ MGCL); Alaska Hwy., mi. 895-900, nr. Whitehorse, 22-VI-1948 (1♀ MGCL; SN-15-152); Alaska Hwy., mi. 976, nr. Mendenhall, 23-VI-1948 (2♂ MGCL); Campbell Hwy., km. 521, 1800’, 12-VI-1979, J. & F. Preston (1♂ MGCL); Campbell Hwy., km. 533, 1700’, 12-VI-1979, J. & F.Preston (13♂, 10♀ MGCL); Campbell Hwy., km. 563, 1400’, 12-VI-1979, J. & F. Preston (1♂ MGCL); Campbell Hwy., km. 564-568, nr. Carmacks, 62°03’54.24’’N 135°57’00.94”W, 560-650m, 11-VI- 2008, M. Cesanek (15♂, 5♀ MC); Carcross Desert area, Hwy. 2 (Klondike Hwy.), in open woods at desert edge, 2170’, 60°14’14’’N 134°41’41’’W, 29-VI-1985, C. D. Ferris (10♂, 2♀ CDF); Dawson, 13 - VI-1911, ex Barnes coll., “holotype” of “yukonensis” (1♂ MGCL); 14-VI-1911, ex Barnes coll., “allotype” of “yukonensis” (1♀ MGCL); 10 -V I-1981, N. Tremblay (30♂, 8♀ MGCL); Dawson Hwy., mi. 12.6, 16-VI-1962, J. Legge (1♂ MGCL); Dawson-Mayo Loop, mi. 69, W of Whitehorse, 21-VI-1970, D. Eff (2♂ MGCL); Dempster Hwy., mi. 10, 10-VI-1981, J. Johnstone (1♂ MGCL; 1♂ OSUC 618404); 10-VI-1981, N. Tremblay (22♂, 4♀ MGCL; 3♂, 9♀ OSUC 618391- 618399, 618401- 618403); 10 -11-V I-1981, N. Tremblay (2♂ MGCL); 11-VI-1981, N. Tremblay (4♂, 2♀ MGCL; 1♂ OSUC 618379); 19-VI-1981, N. Tremblay (1♀ MGCL); VI-VII-1981, N. Tremblay (3♂ MGCL); 10-VI-1982, N. Tremblay (1♂ OSUC 618428); no date, N. Tremblay (1♂ OSUC 618405); Dempster Hwy., mi. 45- 97, 14-VI-1981, N. Tremblay (1♂ MGCL); Dempster Hwy., mi. 84, 11-VI-1981, N. Tremblay (18♂, 4♀ MGCL); Dempster Hwy., mi. 96, 23-VI-1981, N. Tremblay (2♂ MGCL); Dempster Hwy., mi. 97, 14-VI-1981, N. Tremblay (1♂ MGCL); Dempster Hwy., mi.?, 18-VI-1981, N. Tremblay (1♀ MGCL); 6-VI-1984, N. Tremblay (1♂ MGCL); Haines Jct., 6-VI-1966 (1♂ MGCL); 9-VI-1966 (4♂ MGCL; incl. SN-15-158); 10-VI-1966 (1♂ MGCL); 12-VI-1966 (3♂ MGCL; incl. SN-15-161); 13-VI-1966 (1♀ MGCL); 16 -VI-1966 (1♂, 1♀ MGCL); 17-VI-1966 (1♀ MGCL); 21-VI-1966 (2♂ MGCL); 22- VI-1966 (1♂ MGCL); 24-VI-1966 (1♂, 1♀ MGCL); 25-VI-1966 (4♂, 1♀ MGCL; incl. 3♂ SN-15-160, SN-15-159, SN-15-146); 28-VI-1966 (1♂ MGCL); 29-VI-1966 (9♂, 4♀ MGCL; incl. 1♀ SN-15-148); 1-VII-1966 (1♂, 1♀ SN-15 -169 MGCL); 12-V I-1967 (2♂, 1♀ MGCL); 14-VI-1967 (1♂ MGCL); 18-VI-1967, obtained from J. Ebner (1♂, CDF); 19-VI-1967, J. A. Ebner (1♂ MGCL); 21-VI-1967, J. A. Ebner (1♂ MGCL); 23-VI-1967, J. A. Ebner (1♂ MGCL); 24-VI-1967, J. A. Ebner (1♂ MGCL); 27-VI-1967, obtained from J. A. Ebner (2♀ CDF); 9-VI-1968 (1♂ MGCL); Haines Rd., mi. 87, 30-VI-1966 (1♀ MGCL); Horse Creek, mi. 12.6 Dawson-Mayo Loop, 24-VI-1964, A. H. Legge (2♂, 1♀ MGCL); 24-VI-1964, D. Eff (5♂, 4♀ MGCL); Hwy. 7, Atlin Rd., 2100’, 29-VI-1985, C. D. Ferris (1♂ CDF); Hwy. 11 (Silver Trail), km. 31.5 (SW of Mayo), 27-28-VI-1985, C. D. Ferris (9♂, 3♀ CDF); 4-VI-1987, C. D. Ferris (2♂, CDF); 6-VI-1991, C. D. Ferris (10♂, 3♀ CDF); Jubilee Mtn., 1000-1500m, 5-VII-1977, A. Reif (1♂, 1♀ MGCL); Klondike Hwy., mi. 132, N of Yukon River, 20-VI-1975, D. K. Parshall (1♀ OSUC 618388); Lake Laberge, 30 mi. N Whitehorse, 10-VI-1985, J. & L. Troubridge (4♂ MGCL); 14-VI-1985, T. Kral (4♂ MGCL); 15-VI-1985 (2♂ MGCL); 18- VI-1985, T. Kral (2♂ MGCL); Lake Laberge, Hwy. 2, 46.4 km. N Whitehorse, 11-VI-1981, D. K. Parshall (1♂ OSUC 618439); 1-VII-1981, D. K. Parshall (1♂ OSUC 618442); 1-VII-1982, D. K. Parshall (2♂ OSUC 618390, 618441); 11-VII-1982, D. K. Parshall (1m OSUC 618440); 14 -V I-1983, D. K. Parshall (9♂ OSUC 618327, 618408-618415); 15-VI-1983, D. K. Parshall (1♂ OSUC 618322); 23-VI-1983, D. K. Parshall (3♀ OSUC 618378, 618446-618447); 25-VI-1983, D. K. Parshall (3♀ OSUC 618443-618445); 14-VII- 1983, D. K. Parshall (3♂, 2♀ OSUC 618455-618459); 6-VI-1984, J. P. Ross (2♀ OSUC 618406-618407); 12-VI-1985 (4♂, 1♀ OSUC 618339, 618448-618451); 13-VI-1985, D. K. Parshall (12♂, 5♀ OSUC 618324, 618331-618338, 618430-618437); 14-VI-1985, D. K. Parshall (3♂ MGCL; 13♂, 14♀ OSUC 618323, 618325, 618340- 618354, 618418-618427); 15 -V I-1985, D. K. Parshall (5♂, 5♀ OSUC 618321, 618326, 618328, 618355-618359, 618453-618454); 16 -VI- 1985, D. K. Parshall (4♀ OSUC 618360-618363); 18-VI-1985, D. K. Parshall (6♀ OSUC 618364-618368, 618452); 19-VI-1985, D. K. Parshall (1♂, 4♀ 618369-618373); 20-VI-1985, D. K. Parshall (4♀ 618374-618377); Lake Laberge, Hwy. 2, mi. 29, 3-VI-1985, J. Zeligs (1♂ MGCL); 18-VI-1985, J. Zeligs (1♂ MGCL); Mts. SW of Haines Jct. (5-18 mi.), 3-4000’, 22-VI-1967 (1♂ MGCL); N of Stewart Crossing, Hwy. 2, 22-VI-1983, [D. K. Parshall] (3♂, 5♀ OSUC 618330 [*this specimen with
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[537,628,1730,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[537,628,1730,1749]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
barcode,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[724,787,1730,1749]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="15.[873,938,790,810]" captionTargetBox="[898,1361,226,705]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[863,1397,197,731]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 10. Male Oeneis from north of Stewart Crossing, Yukon Territory, Canada, possessing COI barcode sequences typical of Alaskan O. tanana: a-b, 20 June 1975, D. K. Parshall, OSUC 618329; c-d, 22 June 1983, D. K. Parshall, OSUC 618330. Photos courtesy of Luciana Musetti." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270011/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
c -d], 618380-618386); N of Stewart Crossing, Klondike Hwy., mi. 24, 20 -V I-1975, D. K. Parshall (2♂ OSUC 618329 [*this specimen with
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[189,278,1807,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[189,278,1807,1826]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
barcode,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[372,433,1807,1826]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="15.[873,938,790,810]" captionTargetBox="[898,1361,226,705]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[863,1397,197,731]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 10. Male Oeneis from north of Stewart Crossing, Yukon Territory, Canada, possessing COI barcode sequences typical of Alaskan O. tanana: a-b, 20 June 1975, D. K. Parshall, OSUC 618329; c-d, 22 June 1983, D. K. Parshall, OSUC 618330. Photos courtesy of Luciana Musetti." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270011/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
a -b], 618389); nr. Snafu Lake on Atlin Rd., 2600’, 7-VI-1991, J. & F. Preston (4♂ MGCL); St. Elias Mts., Nickel Ck., 14-VI-1985, B. Grooms (1♂ MGCL); Stewart Crossing, Klondike Loop Rd., 1600’, 13-VI-1979, J. & F. Preston (1♂, 2♀ MGCL); Twin Lakes, Hwy. 2, km. 115, 14-VI-1983, D. K. Parshall (2♀ OSUC 618416-618417); 28-VI-1983, D. K. Parshall (1♂ OSUC 618438); Whitehorse, 10-VII-1919, “paratype” of “yukonensis” (1♀ MGCL); 6 -9 -V I-1923 (1♂ MGCL); 8 -V I-1923 (1♂ MGCL); 9-VI-1923 (2♂ MGCL); 17-VI-1923, J. Kusche (2♂ MGCL); 8-VI-1966 (1♂ MGCL); 9 -V I-1966, H. Ebner (1♂ MGCL); 10 -V I-1966 (1♂ MGCL); 11-VI-1966 (1♀ MGCL); 13-VI-1966 (1♀ MGCL); 2-VI-1982 (1♀ OSUC 618429); 1-VII-1982, B. Grooms (1♂ MGCL); Whitehorse, 2500’, 24-VI-1981, G. Anweiler (1♂ CDF); 8-10-VI-1982, J. P. Ross (3♂, 5♀ CDF); Whitehorse, Baxter coll. (1♂ MGCL); Yukon Hwy. 2 (from Skagway, AK), km. 126, 2550’, 6-VI-1991, J. & F. Preston (5♂ MGCL); 0.8 mi. N of Lewes Lake Rd. on Hwy. 2, 2700’, 6-VI- 1991, J. & F. Preston (6♂, 1♀ MGCL); 1.4 mi. S of Lewes Lake Rd., W of Hwy. 2, 2550’, 6-VI-1991, J. & F. Preston (1♂, 1♀ MGCL); 20 mi. S Burwash Landing, 1-VII-1948 (1♂ MGCL SN-15-150); “Alaska” [old specimen, most likely from Whitehorse area] (1♂ MGCL). Note: Much of the material from the Haines area, including that attributed to J. Ebner, was likely collected by Dr. A. M. Pearson, who collected for Ebner in the Haines area for several years in the 1960’s.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270003/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[277,1391,242,1297]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[227,1407,1377,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[227,310,1380,1400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figure 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Males (a-e) and females (f-j) of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[623,771,1377,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[623,771,1377,1397]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Oeneis chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Yukon Territory, Canada, and males (k-l) and females (m-n) of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[227,295,1402,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bore">
|
||
<emphasis box="[227,295,1402,1422]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
O.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[252,295,1402,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species" species="bore">bore</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Alaska (f-g) and Yukon Territory (m-n), in MGCL. Each specimen is figured in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[227,373,1428,1448]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[227,373,1428,1448]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[227,295,1428,1448]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oeneis</taxonomicName>
|
||
chryxus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Yukon Territory: a, nr. Snafu Lake on Atlin Rd., 2600’, 7 June 1991, J. & F. Preston; b, Dempster Hwy., mi. 97, 14 June 1981, N. Tremblay; c, Dempster Hwy., mi. 10, 10 June 1981, N. Tremblay; d,i,k,l, Campbell Hwy., km. 533, 12 June 1979, J. & F. Preston; e,j, 0.8 mi. N of Lewes Lake Rd. on Hwy. 2, 6 June 1991, J. & F. Preston; h, Whitehorse, 11 June 1966.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[227,343,1505,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bore">
|
||
<emphasis box="[227,343,1505,1525]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Oeneis
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[300,343,1505,1525]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species" species="bore">bore</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from: f, Murphy Dome, 17 June 1972, J. & F. Preston; g, Murphy Dome, 16 June 1999, M. Douglas; m, Dempster Hwy., mi. 97, 17 June 1981, N. Tremblay; n, Dempster Hwy., mi. 96, 24 June 1981, N. Tremblay.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270004/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[314,1309,249,947]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[226,1407,1031,1079]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[226,309,1034,1054]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figure 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[467,605,1031,1051]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[467,605,1031,1051]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Oeneis tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska: a, male wing venation; b, male foreleg; c, female foreleg; d, male labial palpus; e, female labial palpus. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 10 mm for a, otherwise 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,798,1147,1929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">USA: ALASKA: Eagle, 2-VII-1901, S. Hall Young (1♂ MGCL); 27-VI-1903, Reed Heilig, “paratype” of “yukonensis” (1♂ MGCL); Kathul Mtn., N side Yukon River, 6 mi above mouth Kandik R., 29-VI-1975, E. Holsten (3♀ KWP; UAM100379423- UAM100379425); 5-VIII[sic!?]-1975, E. Holsten (1♀ KWP; UAM100379422).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,798,1147,1929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[227,334,1489,1508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. This butterfly is named for the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[660,735,1489,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
River, which flows through southeastern and central Alaska.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[723,797,1516,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a Koyukon (Athabascan) word meaning “trail river”, though the term is also applied to an Athabaskan indigenous group (Bright 2004).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,798,1147,1929]" lastBlockId="7.[835,1444,1147,1929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[227,326,1620,1640]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[432,523,1621,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[432,523,1621,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
average larger than those of Yukon
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[255,348,1647,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[255,348,1647,1666]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The mean forewing length of male
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[706,798,1647,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[706,798,1647,1666]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 26.7 mm (range 24.6 to 29.4 mm, n = 20), vs. 24.8 mm (range 19.6 to 27.4 mm, n = 20) in Yukon
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[542,640,1699,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[542,640,1699,1719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also average larger, with a mean forewing length of 26.9 mm (range 24.9 to 31.3 mm, n = 10), vs. 26.1 mm (range 21.0 to 29.1 mm, n = 10) in Yukon
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[485,582,1778,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[485,582,1778,1798]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[697,798,1779,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[697,798,1779,1798]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can usually be identified by the following traits, compared to Yukon
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[259,358,1831,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[259,358,1831,1850]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 1) larger size, 2) darker overall upperside coloration, with paler areas dark ochre or reddish, 3) darker ventral forewing coloration, 4) bolder dark ventral hindwing transverse bands, 5) expanded whitish areas on the ventral hindwing, 6) valvae average more robust. While none of these individual characters are strictly diagnostic, when considered together, essentially all specimens can be reliably identified to taxon. In addition, adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1110,1201,1226,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1110,1201,1226,1245]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are separated from those of Yukon
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[934,1033,1252,1272]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[934,1033,1252,1272]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by their unique
|
||
<emphasis box="[1208,1246,1253,1272]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">COI</emphasis>
|
||
barcode sequences (but see below), which are identical to those found in adjacent populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[984,1045,1305,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bore">
|
||
<emphasis box="[984,1045,1305,1324]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. bore</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the exception of a single base-pair substitution at site 300: G->A (site number corresponds to the sequence given above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[835,1444,1147,1929]" lastBlockId="8.[189,798,1232,1929]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[873,998,1383,1403]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. All localities where
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1215,1310,1384,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1215,1310,1384,1403]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is confirmed to occur are within the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1077,1152,1411,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
River Basin, in southeastern and central Alaska, including the lower north slope of the Alaska Range (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[995,1062,1463,1482]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[227,292,1068,1088]" captionTargetBox="[189,1443,197,990]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[189,1443,197,990]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Distribution of Oeneis tanana (stars) and O. chryxus (squares) in Alaska and northwestern Canada. Red arrow indicates the Stewart Crossing area, Yukon Territory, where a few individuals with O. tanana- type COI sequences have been found (see discussion in text)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270008/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Available records suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely distributed in appropriate habitats throughout the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[875,950,1516,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
River drainage, at least from the Northway area (Northway Airport and Alaska Hwy. mi. 1270), northwest to Nenana, a roughly 400 km. (250 mi.) range centered along the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[835,910,1595,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
River. Altitudinal records range from 107 m (351’) at Nenana to 635 m (2083’) along the Richardson Highway (mi. 229) and Delta River, which drains into the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1253,1326,1647,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
River to the north. A very small part of the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1131,1204,1673,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
River Basin extends into Yukon Territory (Moran 2007), but it is unknown if
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1350,1443,1700,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1350,1443,1700,1719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs there. Likewise, it remains unknown how far down the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[835,910,1752,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
River Basin
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1035,1129,1752,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1035,1129,1752,1771]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may occur, or if it occurs along the Yukon River Basin downstream or upstream of its junction with the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[922,997,1805,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
River at
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1085,1163,1805,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">Tanana</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Most of this region has not been surveyed for butterflies. All specimens we have examined of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[862,957,1857,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[862,957,1857,1876]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected in odd-numbered years, with the exception of a single female from Alaska Highway mile 1371, labeled from 1970. No collector’s name is provided on the label, and the possibility of a labeling error cannot be ruled out. The earliest specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[493,587,1260,1279]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[493,587,1260,1279]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
we have seen is from 18 May (1997, 21 mi. SW Fairbanks), and the latest is from 6 July (1995, 5 mi. S of Tok), with most records from the second and third weeks of June.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270005/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[229,1395,222,981]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[227,1407,1057,1156]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[227,310,1060,1080]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figure 4</emphasis>
|
||
. Male and female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[599,737,1057,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[599,737,1057,1077]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Oeneis tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska: a, male genitalia (SN-15-156) in left lateral view; b, aedeagus in left lateral view; c, aedeagus in dorsal view; d, eighth tergite in dorsal view; e, juxta in dorsal view; f, female genitalia (SN-15-151) in dorsal view; g, lamella antevaginalis in front view; h, signa. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[189,798,1232,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[227,300,1367,1387]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
. Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[418,510,1368,1387]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[418,510,1368,1387]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fly in open, dry, grassy areas and clearings in boreal forest. In disturbed areas, they tend to frequent abandoned roads and trails, undeveloped dirt/gravel roads (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[253,308,1449,1468]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="12.[873,938,733,753]" captionTargetBox="[835,1443,197,652]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[835,1443,197,653]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 8. Habitat of Oeneis tanana, 8 miles south of Tok, Alaska, 25 June 2007. Photo by David Shaw." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270009/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
), and power line cuts. They are fairly sedentary and in response to a disturbance fly short distances, usually in straight lines, to settle again. The butterflies generally sit on the ground or perch on rocks, or on low vegetation, with wings folded over the back unless basking. While colonies are isolated, numerous individuals are frequently present at occupied sites. Aside from grasses, sedges and various arctic forbs, the principal vegetation at the type locality includes black spruce (
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." box="[600,797,1639,1658]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mariana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[600,727,1639,1657]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Picea mariana</emphasis>
|
||
(Mill.)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
B.S.P.), white spruce (
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Moench) Voss" authorityName="(Moench) Voss" box="[392,647,1666,1685]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
|
||
<emphasis box="[392,497,1666,1685]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Picea glauca</emphasis>
|
||
(Moench) Voss
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), quaking aspen (
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." box="[198,448,1693,1712]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[198,373,1693,1712]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Populus tremuloides</emphasis>
|
||
Michx.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), occasional birch (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[648,704,1693,1712]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[648,704,1693,1712]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Betula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.), and willows (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[273,316,1720,1739]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[273,316,1720,1739]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Salix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.).
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[379,506,1720,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[379,506,1720,1739]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Oeneis tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
flies in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[728,797,1720,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jutta">
|
||
<emphasis box="[728,797,1720,1739]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. jutta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hübner, [1806]) at Nenana, Alaska Hwy. mi. 1410, and in the vicinity of Tok (including at the type locality), and it flies with both
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[189,251,1802,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jutta">
|
||
<emphasis box="[189,251,1802,1821]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O jutta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Troubridge, 1988" authorityName="Troubridge" authorityYear="1988" box="[299,552,1801,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philipi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[299,382,1801,1821]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. philipi</emphasis>
|
||
Troubridge, 1988
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Northway Airport. No information on the early stages or larval foodplants of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[708,797,1829,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[708,797,1829,1848]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known to date, although grasses and/or sedges presumably serve as the larval foodplants, as reported for other taxa in the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[189,281,1910,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[189,281,1910,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex (James & Nunnallee 2011).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[835,976,1234,1262]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[835,976,1234,1262]" box="[835,976,1234,1262]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,862,1234,1262]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">dI</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[867,976,1240,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">s c u s s I o n</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[835,1444,1304,1930]" lastBlockId="9.[189,804,1258,1931]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Like
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[931,1044,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[931,1044,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1242,1352,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1242,1352,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possess a tooth-like projection of the dorsal margin of the valva, denticles on the valva in a single series, a strongly sclerotized ventral swelling of the lamella antevaginalis, and a left-skewed vertical plate of the lamella antevaginalis. Lukhtanov & Eitschberger (2001) noted the first three of these characters as diagnostic of the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1039,1080,1538,1562]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bore">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1039,1080,1538,1562]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">bore</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. Based on the presence of these characters,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1065,1218,1572,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1065,1218,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Oeneis tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is clearly a member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[907,948,1605,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bore">
|
||
<emphasis box="[907,948,1605,1629]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">bore</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. Despite the phenotypic differences (adult size and wing color and pattern) between
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[983,1104,1672,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[983,1104,1672,1696]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the genitalia of these two species are very similar. Subtle differences in genitalia of both sexes indicated in
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1136,1232,1739,1763]" captionStart-0="Figure 4" captionStart-1="Figure 5" captionStartId-0="8.[227,292,1060,1080]" captionStartId-1="9.[227,292,1087,1107]" captionTargetBox-0="[229,1395,222,981]" captionTargetBox-1="[202,1443,228,1003]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[189,1443,197,1023]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[189,1443,197,1033]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="Figure 4. Male and female genitalia of Oeneis tanana from 5 mi. S of Tok, Alaska: a, male genitalia (SN- 15 - 156) in left lateral view; b, aedeagus in left lateral view; c, aedeagus in dorsal view; d, eighth tergite in dorsal view; e, juxta in dorsal view; f, female genitalia (SN- 15 - 151) in dorsal view; g, lamella antevaginalis in front view; h, signa. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-1="Figure 5. Male and female genitalia of Oeneis chryxus from Haines Junction, Yukon Territory, Canada: a, male genitalia (SN- 15 - 158) in left lateral view; b, aedeagus in left lateral view; c, aedeagus in dorsal view; d, eighth tergite in dorsal view; e, juxta in dorsal view; f, female genitalia (SN- 15 - 169) in dorsal view; g, lamella antevaginalis in front view; h, signa. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/270005/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/270006/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 4-5</figureCitation>
|
||
apparently reflect individual variation. To date, we have not identified any diagnostic characters in the genitalia that serve to unambiguously separate these two taxa, although the valvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[981,1088,1873,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[981,1088,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
average somewhat more robust than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1005,1120,1906,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1005,1120,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1138,1210,1906,1930]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="10.[873,938,907,927]" captionTargetBox="[855,1395,225,825]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[835,1443,197,851]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 6. Variation in valvae of Oeneis tanana and O. chryxus: a-c, Oeneis tanana (SN- 15 - 145; SN- 15 - 155; SN- 15 - 157); d-f, Oeneis chryxus (SN- 15 - 158; SN- 15 - 159; SN- 15 - 160). Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270007/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), and are generally slightly larger than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[513,586,1258,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bore">
|
||
<emphasis box="[513,586,1258,1282]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. bore</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This result is not surprising, considering the lack of consistent genitalic differences reported among other North American members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[369,408,1355,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bore">
|
||
<emphasis box="[369,408,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">bore</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. On the other hand, female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[323,431,1388,1411]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[323,431,1388,1411]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[486,595,1387,1411]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[486,595,1387,1411]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[219,293,1420,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bore">
|
||
<emphasis box="[219,293,1420,1444]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. bore</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the position of the vertical projection of the lamella antevaginalis, which is skewed to the left in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[217,324,1485,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[217,324,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[378,485,1485,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[378,485,1485,1509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, genitalic characters suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[341,455,1518,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[341,455,1518,1541]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[189,302,1550,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[189,302,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[372,446,1550,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bore">
|
||
<emphasis box="[372,446,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. bore</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although the molecular data discussed below indicate the opposite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270006/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[202,1443,228,1003]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[227,1406,1084,1183]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[227,310,1087,1107]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figure 5</emphasis>
|
||
. Male and female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[598,746,1084,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[598,746,1084,1104]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Oeneis chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Haines Junction, Yukon Territory, Canada: a, male genitalia (SN- 15-158) in left lateral view; b, aedeagus in left lateral view; c, aedeagus in dorsal view; d, eighth tergite in dorsal view; e, juxta in dorsal view; f, female genitalia (SN-15-169) in dorsal view; g, lamella antevaginalis in front view; h, signa. Illustrations by Shinichi Nakahara. Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[189,804,1258,1931]" lastBlockId="9.[835,1443,1258,1639]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Very little information on
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[545,658,1615,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[545,658,1615,1638]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is available in the literature. We are not aware of any previously published images of adult or immature
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[675,789,1680,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[675,789,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, other than the very recent images of adults of both sexes (as
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[300,475,1744,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="chryxus" subSpecies="caryi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[300,475,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. chryxus caryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) by Philip & Ferris (2015). Distributional records for
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[537,665,1777,1801]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[537,665,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Alaska provided by Philip (1996, 1998, 2006) and Magoun & Dean (2000) all refer to
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[465,573,1842,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[465,573,1842,1865]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; we have examined specimens from all but one of these sites. The only molecular study that has focused on the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[713,797,1907,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[713,797,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">chryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex is that by Nice & Shapiro (2001), who studied haplotype variation in 440 base pairs of mitochondrial
|
||
<emphasis box="[835,889,1323,1346]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">COII</emphasis>
|
||
among various western USA populations. Many samples were analyzed from California (
|
||
<emphasis box="[1310,1443,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
O. c.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1368,1443,1355,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ivallda">ivallda</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[885,1045,1388,1412]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. c. stanislaus</emphasis>
|
||
), with others from Idaho, Nevada, Montana, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, as well as two specimens from Tok, Alaska (all considered to be
|
||
<emphasis box="[904,1045,1485,1509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
O. c.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[965,1045,1485,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryxus">chryxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
). The specimens from Tok (now recognized as
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1012,1129,1518,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Oeneis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1012,1129,1518,1541]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">O. tanana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) were found to possess a unique haplotype (type ‘E’) not shared with any other populations in the analysis, but no discussion of this population or haplotype was provided.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |