371 lines
41 KiB
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371 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="35F4AFE09222CA1CCD09278E5810D884" ID-CLB-Dataset="121551" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab086" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f0328034-ac9c-4042-9661-d3101fb45fe7" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6993012" ID-ZooBank="E8867B19-E3F4-4089-B2CB-9AC381F0E70D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1660323373072" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Toussaint, Emmanuel F. A., Braby, Michael F., Müller, Chris J., Petrie, Edward A. & Kawahara, Akito Y." docDate="2022" docId="2E392074FF85FFE4E497D2C2FBA5FAC5" docLanguage="en" docName="zlab086.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Signeta Waterhouse & Lyell 1914" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="1417" masterDocId="D200580CFF8FFFEEE406D102FFF4FFC8" masterDocTitle="Molecular phylogeny, systematics and generic classification of the butterfly subfamily Trapezitinae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea: Hesperiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="1421" masterPageNumber="1407" pageNumber="1417" updateTime="1699366401236" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9441177EF180FD19A311639C295573A9">
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<mods:title id="3372B93129CEEA9DA1DF2CC2E1EDE5A1">Molecular phylogeny, systematics and generic classification of the butterfly subfamily Trapezitinae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea: Hesperiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="774602287BAC88A2ABFE72AA0089B983">Toussaint, Emmanuel F. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="25C1967C0C00FB5DE6D0658FE945430A">Braby, Michael F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A505321EED3DABF1EC7DC266710FD0FC">Müller, Chris J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="48E41551037ADEBA3666D7D0B6ADAD13">Petrie, Edward A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E820DDC0D081C2F5848996D25DF03C4C">Kawahara, Akito Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3AB0F497B0E89F6B9DE188954BE20C2D">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B5B249E04210917F1F98A12684815A39">
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<mods:date id="7DE19AB46935B3A3C5533F24A2410738">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="80FC11A40A1B9C18E9C5291863FD4D11">2022-02-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="576CD1BC6863F8F3B495F777721B3245">195</mods:number>
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<treatment id="2E392074FF85FFE4E497D2C2FBA5FAC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6993114" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199095286" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6993114" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E392074FF85FFE4E497D2C2FBA5FAC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E392074FF85FFE4E497D2C2FBA5FAC5" lastPageNumber="1417" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
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<subSubSection id="EE8AC2E9FF85FFE4E497D2C2FD66FC1D" box="[145,658,960,982]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E497D2C2FD66FC1D" blockId="10.[145,658,960,982]" box="[145,658,960,982]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
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<heading id="FD67260EFF85FFE4E497D2C2FD66FC1D" box="[145,658,960,982]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E497D2C2FDEAFC1D" ID-CoL="92MTB" authority="Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914" authorityName="Waterhouse & Lyell" authorityYear="1914" box="[145,542,960,982]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E497D2C2FF07FC1D" bold="true" box="[145,243,960,981]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E4FED2C2FDEAFC1D" author="Waterhouse GA & Lyell G" box="[248,542,960,982]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" refId="ref12025" refString="Waterhouse GA, Lyell G. 1914. The butterflies of Australia. A monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera. Sydney: Angus and Robertson." type="book" year="1914">Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E623D2C2FD66FC1D" bold="true" box="[549,658,960,981]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EE8AC2E9FF85FFE4E497D508FE70FBF6" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E497D508FE70FBF6" blockId="10.[145,759,1033,1086]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E497D508FEC0FBD7" box="[145,308,1034,1055]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
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<typeStatus id="792B2FC0FF85FFE4E497D508FF3EFBD7" box="[145,202,1034,1055]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E545D508FD33FBD6" authority="Strand, 1909" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[323,711,1033,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thiele">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E545D508FDE2FBD6" box="[323,534,1033,1055]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Timoconia thiele</emphasis>
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Strand, 1909
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</taxonomicName>
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(by original designation).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EE8AC2E9FF85FFE4E497D574FA83FCCB" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E497D574FF0AFB46" blockId="10.[145,254,1142,1166]" box="[145,254,1142,1166]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E497D574FF0AFB46" box="[145,254,1142,1166]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Remarks</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E497D59DFAAEFF32" blockId="10.[145,762,1182,1910]" lastBlockId="10.[809,1425,197,771]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E497D59DFF05FB7C" authorityName="Waterhouse & Lyell" authorityYear="1914" box="[145,241,1183,1204]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E497D59DFF05FB7C" box="[145,241,1183,1204]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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currently contains two species:
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E69FD59DFE37FB1A" authority="(Butler, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flammeata">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E69FD59DFEE6FB1A" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta flammeata</emphasis>
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(Butler, 1882)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E602D5BCFE52FB39" authority="(Meyrick & Lower, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick & Lower" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tymbophora">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E602D5BCFD0CFB1A" box="[516,760,1213,1235]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta tymbophora</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E49ED5DEFE6BFB39" author="Meyrick E & Lower OB" box="[152,415,1244,1266]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" pagination="38 - 129" refId="ref11172" refString="Meyrick E, Lower OB. 1902. Revision of the Australian Hesperidae [sic]. Transactions and Proceedings and Report of the Royal Society of South Australia 26: 38 - 129." type="journal article" year="1902">Meyrick & Lower, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E5A9D5DEFDF2FB39" authorityName="Waterhouse & Lyell" authorityYear="1914" box="[431,518,1244,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E5A9D5DEFDF2FB39" box="[431,518,1244,1265]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E497D5F8FF1CFAC7" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1891" box="[145,232,1274,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E497D5F8FF1CFAC7" box="[145,232,1274,1295]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, to which it is closely allied, by differences in the shape of vein 1A+2A in the male forewing, which is sharply distorted (i.e. bowed toward the dorsum) near the base, and the presence of a large ovoid central black patch on the upperside of the forewing in the male (
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<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E49FD496FE37FA61" author="Waterhouse GA & Lyell G" box="[153,451,1428,1450]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" refId="ref12025" refString="Waterhouse GA, Lyell G. 1914. The butterflies of Australia. A monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera. Sydney: Angus and Robertson." type="book" year="1914">Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E5D6D496FD56FA61" author="Atkins AF & Mayo R & Moore M" box="[464,674,1428,1450]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" pagination="87 - 90" refId="ref10236" refString="Atkins AF, Mayo R, Moore M. 1991. The life history of Signeta tymbophora (Meyrick and Lower) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Trapeztinae). Australian Entomological Magazine 18: 87 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">
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Atkins
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E622D496FDA9FA61" box="[548,605,1428,1449]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">et al.</emphasis>
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, 1991
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E6B6D496FF3DFA00" author="Braby MF" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" refId="ref10275" refString="Braby MF. 2000. Butterflies of Australia. Their identification, biology and distribution. Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing." type="book" year="2000">Braby, 2000</bibRefCitation>
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). However, evidence from the morphology of the immature stages (
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<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E568D4D3FDC6FA2E" author="Jenkinson W" box="[366,562,1489,1511]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" pagination="18 - 21" refId="ref10850" refString="Jenkinson W. 2018. Life history notes on the dingy grassskipper, Toxidia peron (Latreille, 1824) Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae. Metamorphosis Australia. Magazine of the Butterfly and Other Invertebrates Club 89: 18 - 21." type="journal article" year="2018">Jenkinson, 2018</bibRefCitation>
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), male genitalia and adult stage morphology (A. F. Atkins, pers. comm.) indicates that
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E53CD70CFD68F9EC" authority="(Latreille, 1824)" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[314,668,1550,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peron">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E53CD70CFE2CF9EC" box="[314,472,1550,1572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia peron</emphasis>
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(Latreille, 1824)
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</taxonomicName>
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is more closely allied to
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E560D72FFE31F98A" authorityName="Waterhouse & Lyell" authorityYear="1914" box="[358,453,1581,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E560D72FFE31F98A" box="[358,453,1581,1602]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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than to other members of
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E4B7D74EFEF8F9A9" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1891" box="[177,268,1612,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E4B7D74EFEF8F9A9" box="[177,268,1612,1633]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Moreover, in a molecular phylogenetic analysis that included a limited subset of trapezitine taxa (
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<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E4D8D788FE2EF956" author="Warren AD & Ogawa JR & Brower AVZ" box="[222,474,1673,1695]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" pagination="642 - 676" refId="ref11863" refString="Warren AD, Ogawa JR, Brower AVZ. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships of subfamilies and circumscription of tribes in the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea). Cladistics 24: 642 - 676." type="journal article" year="2008">
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Warren
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E54ED788FE7EF956" box="[328,394,1673,1695]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E5E8D78BFDDEF956" author="Warren AD & Ogawa JR & Brower AVZ" box="[494,554,1673,1694]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" pagination="467 - 523" refId="ref11899" refString="Warren AD, Ogawa JR, Brower AVZ. 2009. Revised classification of the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea) based on combined molecular and morphological data. Systematic Entomology 34: 467 - 523." type="journal article" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E64ED78BFD0DF957" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[584,761,1673,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peron">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E64ED78BFD0DF957" box="[584,761,1673,1695]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia peron</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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emerged sister to
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E55BD7AAFE07F975" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[349,499,1704,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flammeata">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E55BD7AAFE07F975" box="[349,499,1704,1725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">S. flammeata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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rather than to
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<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E6A5D7AAFE15F914" authority="(C. Felder, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1862" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doubledayi">
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<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E6A5D7AAFEE0F913" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia doubledayi</emphasis>
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(C. Felder, 1862)
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</taxonomicName>
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(the other exemplar of the genus studied).
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E573D7E7FDFFF932" author="Atkins AF" box="[373,523,1765,1787]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" pagination="4 - 11" refId="ref10061" refString="Atkins AF. 2012. A list of butterflies (Papilionoidea) and skipper butterflies (Hesperioidea) found within a 10 km diameter area centered on the village of Eudlo in the hinterland of the Sunshine Coast with a note on their migratory habits. Metamorphosis Australia. Magazine of the Butterfly and Other Invertebrates Club 66: 4 - 11." type="journal article" year="2012">Atkins (2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E61FD7E7FDA5F932" author="Atkins AF" box="[537,593,1765,1786]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" pagination="4 - 21" refId="ref10124" refString="Atkins AF. 2017. Skipper butterflies (Hesperoidea) and bar codes: how old are they, and how do the Aussie species fit in to the scheme of things? (Part one: the sub-family Trapezitinae and their ilk). Metamorphosis Australia. Magazine of the Butterfly and Other Invertebrates Club 86: 4 - 21." type="journal article" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) hypothesized further on the putative close relationship between
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E497D620FECDF8F0" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[145,313,1826,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peron">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E497D620FECDF8F0" box="[145,313,1826,1848]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia peron</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E57DD621FE23F8F0" authorityName="Waterhouse & Lyell" authorityYear="1914" box="[379,471,1827,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E57DD621FE23F8F0" box="[379,471,1827,1848]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and he placed
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E698D620FF26F89F" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peron">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E698D620FF26F89F" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia peron</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
informally under
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E5ACD643FDF7F89E" authorityName="Waterhouse & Lyell" authorityYear="1914" box="[426,515,1857,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E5ACD643FDF7F89E" box="[426,515,1857,1878]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, although he did not comment on the status of other members of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E69DD662FD07F8BD" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1891" box="[667,755,1888,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E69DD662FD07F8BD" box="[667,755,1888,1909]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, such as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E785D1C7FAE9FF12" authority="(Waterhouse, 1903)" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[899,1309,197,219]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melania">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E785D1C7FBCFFF12" box="[899,1083,197,218]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia melania</emphasis>
|
|
(Waterhouse, 1903)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, for which the biology and life history remain poorly known.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E747D001FA83FCCB" blockId="10.[809,1425,197,771]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
As noted above, the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E072D000FB3EFEDF" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1891" box="[1140,1226,258,279]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E072D000FB3EFEDF" box="[1140,1226,258,279]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was polyphyletic in our analysis, with two species (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E0BDD023FAA8FEFF" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[1211,1372,289,311]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peron">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E0BDD023FAA8FEFF" box="[1211,1372,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia peron</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E72FD042FC04FE9D" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[809,1008,320,341]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melania">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E72FD042FC04FE9D" box="[809,1008,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia melania</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) showing a closer relationship to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E72FD05DFC74FEBC" authorityName="Waterhouse & Lyell" authorityYear="1914" box="[809,896,351,372]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E72FD05DFC74FEBC" box="[809,896,351,372]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
than to the other species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E0B0D05CFAFFFEBB" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1891" box="[1206,1291,350,371]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E0B0D05CFAFFFEBB" box="[1206,1291,350,371]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The logical course of action would be to change the composition of these genera by transferring
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E0B5D09EFAAEFE79" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[1203,1370,412,433]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peron">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E0B5D09EFAAEFE79" box="[1203,1370,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia peron</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E72FD0B8FC08FE07" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[809,1020,442,463]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melania">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E72FD0B8FC08FE07" box="[809,1020,442,463]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia melania</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
across to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E08CD0B9FB1FFE18" authorityName="Waterhouse & Lyell" authorityYear="1914" box="[1162,1259,443,464]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E08CD0B9FB1FFE18" box="[1162,1259,443,464]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
to maintain monophyly; otherwise,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E048D0DBFB58FE26" authorityName="Waterhouse & Lyell" authorityYear="1914" box="[1102,1196,473,494]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E048D0DBFB58FE26" box="[1102,1196,473,494]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
would have to be synonymized under
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E00AD0FAFB95FDC5" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1891" box="[1036,1121,504,525]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Toxidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E00AD0FAFB95FDC5" box="[1036,1121,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Toxidia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. However, since
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E11FD0FAFBFFFDE3" authority="Strand, 1909" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thielei">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E11FD0FAFC84FDE3" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Timoconia thielei</emphasis>
|
|
Strand, 1909
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(the
|
|
<typeStatus id="792B2FC0FF85FFE4E041D315FB8DFDE4" box="[1095,1145,535,556]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">type</typeStatus>
|
|
species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E0F3D315FA99FDE4" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[1269,1389,535,556]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E0F3D315FA99FDE4" box="[1269,1389,535,556]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Timoconia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) is a junior synonym of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E026D334FA78FD82" authority="Latreille, 1824" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1824" box="[1056,1420,565,587]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Hesperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peron">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E026D334FB27FD83" box="[1056,1235,566,587]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Hesperia peron</emphasis>
|
|
Latreille, 1824
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E72FD356FBCFFDA1" authority="Strand, 1909" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[809,1083,596,618]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E72FD356FC55FDA1" box="[809,929,596,617]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Timoconia</emphasis>
|
|
Strand, 1909
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is a valid and available name for this clade of four taxa and therefore becomes the senior synonym of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E002D393FA64FD6E" authority="Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914" authorityName="Waterhouse & Lyell" authorityYear="1914" box="[1028,1424,657,679]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Signeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E002D393FBA8FD6E" box="[1028,1116,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Signeta</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E062D393FA64FD6E" author="Waterhouse GA & Lyell G" box="[1124,1424,657,679]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" refId="ref12025" refString="Waterhouse GA, Lyell G. 1914. The butterflies of Australia. A monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera. Sydney: Angus and Robertson." type="book" year="1914">Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
because it was published five years earlier. Thus, the nomenclature and new combinations recognized for the four revised species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E050D3ECFB3AFCCB" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[1110,1230,750,771]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E050D3ECFB3AFCCB" box="[1110,1230,750,771]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Timoconia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are as follows:
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="EE8AC2E9FF85FFE4E72FD219FBE3FBAB" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" type="synonymic_list">
|
|
<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E72FD219FABCFCF9" blockId="10.[809,1422,795,1123]" box="[809,1352,795,818]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E72FD219FB48FCF9" authority="(Latreille, 1824)" authorityName="Toussaint & Braby & Müller & Petrie & Kawahara" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[809,1212,795,818]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peron" status="comb. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E72FD219FC0AFCF9" bold="true" box="[809,1022,795,817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Timoconia peron</emphasis>
|
|
(Latreille, 1824)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E0C5D21EFABCFCF9" bold="true" box="[1219,1352,796,817]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8FD7F00BFF85FFE4E0C5D21EFABCFCF9" box="[1219,1352,796,817]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E74DD239FB5BFC98" blockId="10.[809,1422,795,1123]" box="[843,1199,826,848]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E767D238FB5BFC98" authority="Felder, C., 1862" authorityName="Felder, C." authorityYear="1862" box="[865,1199,826,848]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telesto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kochii">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E767D238FC0DFC87" box="[865,1017,826,847]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Telesto kochii</emphasis>
|
|
Felder, C., 1862
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E74DD25BFB28FCA7" blockId="10.[809,1422,795,1123]" box="[843,1244,857,879]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E767D25BFB28FCA7" authority="Hewitson, 1868" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1868" box="[865,1244,857,879]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Hesperilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doclea">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E767D25BFBD1FCA6" box="[865,1061,857,878]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Hesperilla doclea</emphasis>
|
|
Hewitson, 1868
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E74DD27AFB7AFC45" blockId="10.[809,1422,795,1123]" box="[843,1166,888,910]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E767D27AFB7AFC45" authority="Plotz, 1884" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1884" box="[865,1166,888,910]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telesto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arsenia">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E767D27AFBFDFC45" box="[865,1033,888,909]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Telesto arsenia</emphasis>
|
|
Plötz, 1884
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E74DD295FB34FC63" blockId="10.[809,1422,795,1123]" box="[843,1216,918,940]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E767D295FB34FC63" authority="Strand, 1909" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[865,1216,918,940]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thielei">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E767D295FBD2FC63" box="[865,1062,918,940]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Timoconia thielei</emphasis>
|
|
Strand, 1909
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E72FD2B7FA9BFC21" blockId="10.[809,1422,795,1123]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E72FD2B7FAF5FC02" authority="(Waterhouse, 1903)" authorityName="Toussaint & Braby & Müller & Petrie & Kawahara" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[809,1281,948,971]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melania" status="comb. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E72FD2B7FBEBFC02" bold="true" box="[809,1055,948,970]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Timoconia melania</emphasis>
|
|
(Waterhouse, 1903)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8FD7F00BFF85FFE4E10ED2B7FA79FC02" box="[1288,1421,949,970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" rank="species">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E10ED2B7FA79FC02" bold="true" box="[1288,1421,949,970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">comb. nov.</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E72FD2D1FB17FC21" authority="(Butler, 1882)" authorityName="Toussaint & Braby & Müller & Petrie & Kawahara" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[809,1251,979,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flammeata" status="comb. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E72FD2D1FBB4FC21" bold="true" box="[809,1088,979,1001]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Timoconia flammeata</emphasis>
|
|
(Butler, 1882)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E0EFD2D6FA9BFC21" bold="true" box="[1257,1391,980,1001]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8FD7F00BFF85FFE4E0EFD2D6FA9BFC21" box="[1257,1391,980,1001]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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|
</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E74DD2F1FB6EFBCF" blockId="10.[809,1422,795,1123]" box="[843,1178,1010,1032]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E767D2F0FB6EFBCF" authority="Butler, 1882" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1882" box="[865,1178,1010,1032]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telesto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eclipsis">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E767D2F0FBFCFBCF" box="[865,1032,1010,1031]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Telesto eclipsis</emphasis>
|
|
Butler, 1882
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E74DD513FB0FFBEE" blockId="10.[809,1422,795,1123]" box="[843,1275,1041,1063]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E767D513FB0FFBEE" authority="Miskin, 1889" authorityName="Miskin" authorityYear="1889" box="[865,1275,1041,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Hesperilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atromacula">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E767D513FB94FBEE" box="[865,1120,1041,1062]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Hesperilla atromacula</emphasis>
|
|
Miskin, 1889
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E72FD52DFBE3FBAB" blockId="10.[809,1422,795,1123]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E72FD52DFC7FFBAB" authority="(Meyrick & Lower, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick & Lower" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tymbophora">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E72FD52DFB75FB8D" bold="true" box="[809,1153,1071,1093]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Timoconia tymbophora</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="C201EC93FF85FFE4E09DD52DFA7AFB8D" author="Meyrick E & Lower OB" box="[1179,1422,1071,1093]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" pagination="38 - 129" refId="ref11172" refString="Meyrick E, Lower OB. 1902. Revision of the Australian Hesperidae [sic]. Transactions and Proceedings and Report of the Royal Society of South Australia 26: 38 - 129." type="journal article" year="1902">Meyrick & Lower,</bibRefCitation>
|
|
1902)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E797D54CFBE3FBAB" bold="true" box="[913,1047,1102,1123]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">comb. nov.</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="EE8AC2E9FF85FFE4E72FD57FFBA5FAC5" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="A62F9162FF85FFE4E72FD57FFBA5FAC5" blockId="10.[809,1425,1149,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">
|
|
Larvae of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E79DD57FFBE7FB5A" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[923,1043,1149,1170]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E79DD57FFBE7FB5A" box="[923,1043,1149,1170]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">Timoconia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
exploit a wide range of monocots, including
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E79DD59EFBC8FB79" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[923,1084,1180,1201]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asparagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E04ED59EFB3AFB79" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[1096,1230,1180,1201]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cyperaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E0DCD599FA78FB79" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[1242,1420,1179,1201]" class="Liliopsida" family="Flagellariaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Flagellariaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E72FD5B8FC3FFB18" box="[809,971,1210,1232]" class="Liliopsida" family="Phormiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Phormiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E017D5B9FB8CFB18" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[1041,1144,1211,1232]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E081D5B8FABEFB18" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[1159,1354,1210,1232]" class="Liliopsida" family="Flagellariaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Flagellariaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
were recently recorded as food plants for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6190EAE1FF85FFE4E0C8D5D8FABDFB26" authorityName="Toussaint & Braby & Müller & Petrie & Kawahara" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1230,1353,1241,1263]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Timoconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melania">
|
|
<emphasis id="94E44D70FF85FFE4E0C8D5D8FABDFB26" box="[1230,1353,1241,1263]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1417">T. melania</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(E. A. Petrie, unpublished data).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |