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<document id="86C50ACBE0B603E98D65BE985EBB93B1" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2018.396" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2b95a851-e1bf-4bdd-9cce-441ddc4135d2" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3787049" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="diego" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1588696404769" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Camfield, Rebecca &amp; Hughes, Mark" docDate="2018" docId="0397A96F2F31FF8A0388FC92E3062973" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-396_camfield_hughes.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 396" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Begonia (sect. Sphenanthera) tessaricarpa C. B. Clarke (Clarke 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="94" masterDocId="FFAED1172F6DFFD7025FFFB1E00A2E5C" masterDocTitle="A revision and one new species of Begonia L. (Begoniaceae, Cucurbitales) in Northeast India" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="93" updateTime="1737394282000" updateUser="diego">
<mods:mods id="577772CDEF52C104C2C22F0430AAC7CA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="0D24BF8540B53181D493B9C758DD6491">A revision and one new species of Begonia L. (Begoniaceae, Cucurbitales) in Northeast India</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="903ACCAB1E3AA4CD05241A412BAA19C3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B4D89C3CE6B6E236D04E97D803191DD0">Camfield, Rebecca</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D07726F458C18B0672640B8B5559D5B7">Royal Botanic Gardens Edinburgh, 20 a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH 5 3 LR, United Kingdom.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8BDD819A5E7C2958EBCCC216D3AE8692" type="email">RCamfield@rbge.org.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D807A1C21B64798FCDFB080667A7B335">Hughes, Mark</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2B2BB8F96ACD4E0A88E831A654CE4D17">Royal Botanic Gardens Edinburgh, 20 a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH 5 3 LR, United Kingdom.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="14CFCEBD83E26C32DE021EC9560A42E6" type="email">MHughes@rbge.org.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="4790F7EC754500E3772D0FCA97279655">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="10F617D2AFAF7B2EEA343016018CFD9A">
<mods:date id="44E052E7D9C34A9E4D37ED9ACAF2F80E">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F714B88F7DD02F574EE5BA624A8840EB">2018-01-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="213C404EED677CAD7A9132B58A400B0E">396</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0397A96F2F31FF8A0388FC92E3062973" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3794265" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163963866" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3794265" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0397A96F2F31FF8A0388FC92E3062973" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0397A96F2F31FF8A0388FC92E3062973" lastPageId="93" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" scope_class="Equisetopsida" scope_family="Begoniaceae" scope_order="Cucurbitales" scope_subClass="Magnoliidae" scope_superOrder="Rosanae">
<subSubSection id="C3244BF22F31FF8B0388FC92E4562D62" box="[471,1116,803,830]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8118792F31FF8B0388FC92E4562D62" blockId="92.[471,1116,803,865]" box="[471,1116,803,830]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<heading id="D0C9AF152F31FF8B0388FC92E4562D62" box="[471,1116,803,830]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F31FF8B0388FC92E3682D61" ID-CoL="7SHS6" authority="C. B. Clarke" authorityName="C. B. Clarke (Clarke" authorityYear="1879" box="[471,866,803,829]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" section="Sphenanthera" species="tessaricarpa">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F31FF8B0388FC92E2DD2D61" bold="true" box="[471,727,803,829]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Begonia tessaricarpa</emphasis>
C.B.Clarke
</taxonomicName>
[sect.
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F31FF8B01F0FC92E4582D61" box="[943,1106,803,829]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Sphenanthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F31FF8B01F0FC92E4582D61" box="[943,1106,803,829]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Sphenanthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3244BF22F31FF8B00AFFCF7E3492D3D" box="[752,835,838,865]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8118792F31FF8B00AFFCF7E3492D3D" blockId="92.[471,1116,803,865]" box="[752,835,838,865]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<figureCitation id="130504FC2F31FF8B00AFFCF7E3492D3D" box="[752,835,838,865]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="92.[189,232,1991,2017]" captionTargetBox="[429,1160,1223,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@92.[416,1172,1211,1966]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="Fig. 59. Map showing the location of B. tessaricarpa C.B.Clarke specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3787133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3787133/files/figure.png" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3244BF22F31FF8B02E2FC39E3192DFE" box="[189,787,904,930]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8118792F31FF8B02E2FC39E3192DFE" blockId="92.[189,1399,904,966]" box="[189,787,904,930]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F31FF8B02E2FC39E1F42DFE" box="[189,510,904,930]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
The Flora of
<collectingCountry id="F32958E92F31FF8B033AFC39E1F42DFE" box="[357,510,904,930]" name="India" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">British India</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A9F3E682F31FF8B0055FC39E3052DFE" box="[522,783,904,930]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
2: 636 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF65882F31FF8B0034FC39E30C2DFE" author="Clarke C. B." box="[619,774,904,930]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="636 - 656" refId="ref53024" refString="Clarke C. B. 1879. Begoniaceae. In: Hooker J. D. (ed.) Flora of British India 2: 636 - 656. London." type="journal article" year="1879">Clarke 1879</bibRefCitation>
)
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3244BF22F31FF8B0141FC39E2822D9A" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8118792F31FF8B0141FC39E2822D9A" blockId="92.[189,1399,904,966]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
–
<typeStatus id="5485A6DB2F31FF8B0167FC39E37D2DFE" box="[824,887,904,930]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Type</typeStatus>
:
<materialsCitation id="3B5612242F31FF8B01D9FC39E2712D9A" collectionCode="K" collectorName="Griffith" country="India" location="Assam" municipality="Assam" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" specimenCode="K000251117" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="East Bengal" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="F32958E92F31FF8B01D9FC39E3CF2DFE" box="[902,965,904,930]" name="India" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FAD69B2F31FF8B018AFC39E4632DFE" box="[981,1129,904,930]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">East Bengal</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE582032F31FF8B0628FC39E4C02DFE" box="[1143,1226,904,930]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Assam</collectingMunicipality>
,
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F31FF8B0685FC39E57D2DFE" box="[1242,1399,904,930]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<collectorName id="26CB7DAF2F31FF8B0685FC39E53A2DFE" box="[1242,1328,904,930]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Griffith</collectorName>
2586
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="5485A6DB2F31FF8B029AFC1AE1042D99" box="[197,270,939,965]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">lecto-</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DB98B0022F31FF8B0346FC1AE1BA2D9A" box="[281,432,939,966]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K000251117</specimenCode>
, here designated
</materialsCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3244BF22F31FF8B02E2FC5DE5152A69" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8118792F31FF8B02E2FC5DE2332A5A" blockId="92.[189,569,1004,1031]" box="[189,569,1004,1031]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<heading id="D0C9AF152F31FF8B02E2FC5DE2332A5A" bold="true" box="[189,569,1004,1031]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F31FF8B02E2FC5DE2332A5A" bold="true" box="[189,569,1004,1031]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Citations in other publications</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8118792F31FF8B02E2FBAAE5152A69" blockId="92.[189,1311,1051,1078]" box="[189,1311,1051,1078]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF65882F31FF8B02E2FBAAE1942A6A" author="Clarke C. B." box="[189,414,1051,1078]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="114 - 122" refId="ref53056" refString="Clarke C. B. 1881. On Indian Begonias. Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 18: 114 - 122, pl. 1 - 3. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 230642 [accessed May 2009]." type="journal article" year="1881">Clarke (1881: 115)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF65882F31FF8B03F7FBAAE3492A69" author="Ambrish K. &amp; Amadudin M." box="[424,835,1051,1077]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="997 - 998" refId="ref52349" refString="Ambrish K. &amp; Amadudin M. 2006. Rediscovery of an endemic and endangered plant (B. tessaricarpa) from Arunachal-Pradesh, India, after a century. Current Science 91 (8): 997 - 998. Available from http: // www. iisc. ernet. in / ~ currsci / oct 252006 / 997. pdf [accessed Jun. 2009]." type="book chapter" year="2006">Ambrish &amp; Amadudin (2006: 997)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF65882F31FF8B0111FBAAE4212A6A" author="Uddin A." box="[846,1067,1051,1078]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="591 - 597" refId="ref57753" refString="Uddin A. 2007. Distribution and status of India Begonia species. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 31 (3): 591 - 597." type="journal article" year="2007">Uddin (2007: 595)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF65882F31FF8B0668FBAAE5112A69" author="Morris R." box="[1079,1307,1051,1077]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="27 - 29" refId="ref56527" refString="Morris R. 2009 d. Begonia tessaricarpa - a response. Begonia Australis 19 (3): 88 - 93. Morris R. 2010 a. Begonia acetosella Craib and Begonia longifolia Blume giants among Indian Begonias. The Begonian 77: 6 - 9, 27 - 29." type="journal article" year="2009">Morris (2009d: 88)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4148F12F31FF8B02E2F876E44B29BD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3787133" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3787133" box="[189,1089,1991,2017]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3787133/files/figure.png" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" startId="92.[189,232,1991,2017]" targetBox="[429,1160,1223,1951]" targetPageId="92">
<paragraph id="8B8118792F31FF8B02E2F876E44B29BD" blockId="92.[189,1089,1991,2017]" box="[189,1089,1991,2017]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F31FF8B02E2F876E11029BD" bold="true" box="[189,282,1991,2017]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Fig. 59.</emphasis>
Map showing the location of
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F31FF8B0026F879E3B229BD" authority="C. B. Clarke" authorityName="C. B. Clarke (Clarke" authorityYear="1879" box="[633,952,1991,2017]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tessaricarpa">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F31FF8B0026F879E32729BD" box="[633,813,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">B. tessaricarpa</emphasis>
C.B.Clarke
</taxonomicName>
specimens.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3244BF22F30FF8A02E2FEBAE3212F2B" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8118792F30FF8A02E2FEBAE1732F79" blockId="93.[189,377,267,293]" box="[189,377,267,293]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<heading id="D0C9AF152F30FF8A02E2FEBAE1732F79" bold="true" box="[189,377,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A02E2FEBAE1732F79" bold="true" box="[189,377,267,293]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Other material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8118792F30FF8A02E2FE8BE3212F2B" blockId="93.[189,1398,313,375]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<materialsCitation id="3B5612242F30FF8A02E2FE8BE3802F08" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2610421336" box="[189,906,313,340]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<collectingCountry id="F32958E92F30FF8A02E2FE8BE11F2F08" box="[189,277,314,340]" name="India" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">INDIA</collectingCountry>
:
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A0378FE88E2172F0F" bold="true" box="[295,541,313,339]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<collectingRegion id="49FAD69B2F30FF8A0378FE88E2172F0F" box="[295,541,313,339]" country="India" name="Arunachal-Pradesh" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Arunachal-Pradesh</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A006CFE88E2E42F08" box="[563,750,313,340]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Ambrish 17304</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2F80BC2F30FF8A015AFE8BE34B2F08" box="[773,833,314,340]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12692" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12692" name="Botanical Survey of India" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="Herbarium">CAL</collectionCode>
n.v.);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5612242F30FF8A01C6FE88E1562F2B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2610421336" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
Tuting to Ningging,
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A06C1FE88E57C2F08" box="[1182,1398,313,340]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Choudhery 18111</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2F80BC2F30FF8A029AFEECE1102F2B" box="[197,282,349,375]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1csn-k189" name="Botanical Survey of India, Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="Herbarium">ARUN</collectionCode>
n.v.).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5612242F30FF8A033BFEEDE3212F2B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2610421336" box="[356,811,348,375]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A033BFEEDE1BD2F2A" bold="true" box="[356,439,348,374]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<collectingRegion id="49FAD69B2F30FF8A033BFEEDE1BD2F2A" box="[356,439,348,374]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Assam</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A0399FEECE2942F2A" box="[454,670,348,375]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Amadudin 107306</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2F80BC2F30FF8A00F2FEECE2E32F2B" box="[685,745,349,375]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12692" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12692" name="Botanical Survey of India" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="Herbarium">CAL</collectionCode>
n.v.).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3244BF22F30FF8A02E2FE2FE4A92D8F" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8118792F30FF8A02E2FE2FE1442FE4" blockId="93.[189,334,414,440]" box="[189,334,414,440]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<heading id="D0C9AF152F30FF8A02E2FE2FE1442FE4" bold="true" box="[189,334,414,440]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A02E2FE2FE1442FE4" bold="true" box="[189,334,414,440]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8118792F30FF8A02E2FE7DE4A92D8F" blockId="93.[189,1399,460,980]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
Rhizomatous, dioecious herb,
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A0075FE7DE2AD2FBB" box="[554,679,460,487]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="cm" value="22.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="15.0">15–30 cm</quantity>
high. Rhizome: unseen. Stipules: ovate, 2.5–8 ×
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A075AFE7CE5782FBB" box="[1285,1394,460,487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 mm</quantity>
, puberulous, persistent. Leaves: petiole
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A00C2FE41E3142C56" box="[669,798,496,522]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="cm" value="22.5" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="14.0">14 –31 cm</quantity>
long, tomentose denser near leaf; lamina ovate, basifixed, base cordate with lobes not overlapping, 7–10.5 ×
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A0139FDA2E3C82C71" box="[870,962,531,557]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4–8 cm</quantity>
,upper surface dark green, puberulous, underside pale green, tomentose on veins mostly; margin entire-repand, occasionally with teeth at end of veins, with sparse hairs or glabrous; apex acute. Inflorescence: cymose, terminal, few; peduncle puberulous; male branching once,
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A000AFDCCE2BA2CCB" box="[597,688,637,663]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2–7 cm</quantity>
long,
<specimenCount id="9D38D3F02F30FF8A00A4FDCCE3412CCA" box="[763,843,636,663]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
flowers; female branching once,
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A068AFDCCE5392CCB" box="[1237,1331,637,663]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 cm</quantity>
long,
<specimenCount id="9D38D3F02F30FF8A02E2FD11E12F2CE6" box="[189,293,672,698]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="female">2 female</specimenCount>
flowers; bracts lanceolate, 5 ×
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A00FDFD11E2E62CE6" box="[674,748,672,698]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, glabrous, persistent. Male flower: pedicel
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A06ACFD11E57D2CE6" box="[1267,1399,672,698]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="10.0">10–17 mm</quantity>
long, tomentose; tepals 4; outer tepals obovate, 5–6 ×
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A0105FD72E3CD2C81" box="[858,967,707,733]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
, white to pink, puberulous hairs on reverse, entire; inner tepals obovate-elliptic, 5–6 ×
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A0144FD57E38C2D5D" box="[795,902,742,769]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
, white to pink, glabrous; androecium with 12–20 stamens, symmetric; filaments
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A0020FCB8E2CE2D78" box="[639,708,777,804]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, free; anther oblong elliptic,
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A060AFCB8E4B62D78" box="[1109,1212,777,804]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
long, dehiscing through slits longer than half the length of the anther, not hooded, connective extended. Female flower: pedicel
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A0346FCE1E1832D36" box="[281,393,848,874]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="7.0">7–12 mm</quantity>
long, tomentose; bracteoles absent; tepals 4–5, white to pink, puberulous on reverse; ovary 4-locular, placentae bifid; capsule pyramidal, 6 ×
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A0105FCC2E3B32DD1" box="[858,953,883,910]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
, tomentose, without wings, with four horn-like projections; styles 4, deeply forked once and twisted twice, deciduous or persistent. Fruit: on stout pedicel; capsule pyramidal, 10 –11 ×
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A00EEFC08E32C2D88" box="[689,806,953,980]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">9–11 mm</quantity>
, sparsely tomentose to glabrous.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3244BF22F30FF8A02E2FC4AE5252A1F" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8118792F30FF8A02E2FC4AE21F2A49" blockId="93.[189,533,1019,1045]" box="[189,533,1019,1045]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<heading id="D0C9AF152F30FF8A02E2FC4AE21F2A49" bold="true" box="[189,533,1019,1045]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A02E2FC4AE21F2A49" bold="true" box="[189,533,1019,1045]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Distribution and phenology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8118792F30FF8A02E2FB98E5252A1F" blockId="93.[189,1327,1065,1092]" box="[189,1327,1065,1092]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
Endemic to north
<collectingRegion id="49FAD69B2F30FF8A03D1FB9BE1D42A18" box="[398,478,1066,1092]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Assam</collectingRegion>
and Arunachal-Pradesh. Flowering and fruiting: November to February.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3244BF22F30FF8A02E2FBDAE3E82AEF" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8B8118792F30FF8A02E2FBDAE1BF2AD9" blockId="93.[189,437,1131,1157]" box="[189,437,1131,1157]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<heading id="D0C9AF152F30FF8A02E2FBDAE1BF2AD9" bold="true" box="[189,437,1131,1157]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A02E2FBDAE1BF2AD9" bold="true" box="[189,437,1131,1157]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Conservation status</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8118792F30FF8A02E2FB2BE3E82AEF" blockId="93.[189,994,1177,1204]" box="[189,994,1177,1204]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
Data Deficient.
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F30FF8A0329FB2BE2782AEF" authorityName="C. B. Clarke (Clarke" authorityYear="1879" box="[374,626,1178,1203]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tessaricarpa">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A0329FB2BE2782AEF" box="[374,626,1178,1203]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Begonia tessaricarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a poorly understood species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3244BF22F30FF8A02E2FB6AE3062973" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8118792F30FF8A02E2FB6AE1252AA9" blockId="93.[189,303,1243,1269]" box="[189,303,1243,1269]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<heading id="D0C9AF152F30FF8A02E2FB6AE1252AA9" bold="true" box="[189,303,1243,1269]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A02E2FB6AE1252AA9" bold="true" box="[189,303,1243,1269]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8118792F30FF8A02E2FAB8E4BC2BEC" blockId="93.[189,1399,1289,1457]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
Only known reliably from the rather poor
<typeStatus id="5485A6DB2F30FF8A0095FABBE2F52B78" box="[714,767,1290,1316]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">type</typeStatus>
, which has a partially open male flower bud and a fragment of a female flower. The description is augmented from the protologue. The
<typeStatus id="5485A6DB2F30FF8A0692FA9CE50A2B1B" box="[1229,1280,1325,1351]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">type</typeStatus>
has three separate inflorescences,
<specimenCount id="9D38D3F02F30FF8A0380FAE1E23A2B36" box="[479,560,1360,1386]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D38D3F02F30FF8A0030FAE1E2D02B36" box="[623,730,1360,1386]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, possibly from the same plant but most likely from the same colony; the species could potentially be dioecious.
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F30FF8A013BFAC5E4682BD1" authorityName="C. B. Clarke (Clarke" authorityYear="1879" box="[868,1122,1396,1421]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tessaricarpa">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A013BFAC5E4682BD1" box="[868,1122,1396,1421]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Begonia tessaricarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is extremely similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F30FF8A02E2FA26E1EE2BEC" box="[189,484,1430,1457]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="handelii" variety="prostrata">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A02E2FA26E1342BEC" box="[189,318,1430,1456]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">B. handelii</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A0327FA26E1EE2BEC" box="[376,484,1431,1456]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">prostrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and we suggest the possibility it may be synonymous with it.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8118792F30FF8A02E2FA66E3062973" blockId="93.[189,1399,1495,1839]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
The photograph in
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF65882F30FF8A03F8FA66E2372BAE" author="Dash S. S." box="[423,573,1495,1522]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="29 - 43" refId="ref53314" refString="Dash S. S. 2010. Native species of Begonia L. (Begoniaceae) in Arunachal-Pradesh-diversity and distribution. Bulletin of Arunachal Forest Research 26: 29 - 43." type="journal article" year="2010">Dash (2010)</bibRefCitation>
labelled as
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F30FF8A008DFA69E3802BAD" authorityName="C. B. Clarke (Clarke" authorityYear="1879" box="[722,906,1496,1521]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tessaricarpa">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A008DFA69E3802BAD" box="[722,906,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">B. tessaricarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F30FF8A01EDFA69E4DD2BAE" authority="var. handelii" box="[946,1239,1496,1522]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="handelii" variety="handelii">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A01EDFA69E43C2BAE" box="[946,1078,1496,1522]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">B. handelii</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A0628FA69E4DD2BAE" box="[1143,1239,1496,1522]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">handelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as it has the characteristically large flowers of that species. The plant photographed in
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF65882F30FF8A0644FA4AE57C284A" author="Ambrish K. &amp; Amadudin M." box="[1051,1398,1531,1558]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="997 - 998" refId="ref52349" refString="Ambrish K. &amp; Amadudin M. 2006. Rediscovery of an endemic and endangered plant (B. tessaricarpa) from Arunachal-Pradesh, India, after a century. Current Science 91 (8): 997 - 998. Available from http: // www. iisc. ernet. in / ~ currsci / oct 252006 / 997. pdf [accessed Jun. 2009]." type="book chapter" year="2006">Ambrish &amp; Amadudin (2006)</bibRefCitation>
does indeed resemble
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F30FF8A0394F9AEE2882864" authorityName="C. B. Clarke (Clarke" authorityYear="1879" box="[459,642,1567,1592]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tessaricarpa">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A0394F9AEE2882864" box="[459,642,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">B. tessaricarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, the photograph lacks detail and is indistinguishable from
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F30FF8A02A1F9F3E2272807" box="[254,557,1601,1628]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="handellii" variety="prostrata">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A02A1F9F3E18D2807" box="[254,391,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">B. handellii</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A039EF9F3E2272807" box="[449,557,1602,1627]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">prostrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The determination as
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F30FF8A0163F9F3E3FA2807" authorityName="C. B. Clarke (Clarke" authorityYear="1879" box="[828,1008,1602,1627]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tessaricarpa">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A0163F9F3E3FA2807" box="[828,1008,1602,1627]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">B. tessaricarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has also been doubted by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF65882F30FF8A0778F9F0E1142823" author="Morris R." pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="27 - 29" refId="ref56527" refString="Morris R. 2009 d. Begonia tessaricarpa - a response. Begonia Australis 19 (3): 88 - 93. Morris R. 2010 a. Begonia acetosella Craib and Begonia longifolia Blume giants among Indian Begonias. The Begonian 77: 6 - 9, 27 - 29." type="journal article" year="2009">Morris (2009d)</bibRefCitation>
. To confirm the delimitation and concept of
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F30FF8A011DF9D4E3F32822" authorityName="C. B. Clarke (Clarke" authorityYear="1879" box="[834,1017,1637,1662]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tessaricarpa">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A011DF9D4E3F32822" box="[834,1017,1637,1662]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">B. tessaricarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, further material from the
<typeStatus id="5485A6DB2F30FF8A071BF9D4E57D2823" box="[1348,1399,1637,1663]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">type</typeStatus>
locality is needed, however, the exact location of this is unknown. The lack of an itinerary number suggests it was collected prior to 1837, when Griffith started using itinerary numbers for his collections. Griffith spent most of
<quantity id="4CC6B59C2F30FF8A0394F97FE22D28B4" box="[459,551,1742,1768]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.66344" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="in" value="1836.0">1836 in</quantity>
<collectingRegion id="49FAD69B2F30FF8A0070F97FE27528B4" box="[559,639,1742,1768]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Assam</collectingRegion>
(referring to the whole region), and in his journal he mentions collecting 6 species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F30FF8A0393F943E2242957" box="[460,558,1778,1803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A0393F943E2242957" box="[460,558,1778,1803]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Begonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Mishmi Hills during November, and also mentions collecting
<taxonomicName id="4C3E63FA2F30FF8A02E2F8A4E1152972" box="[189,287,1813,1838]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94AC46B2F30FF8A02E2F8A4E1152972" box="[189,287,1813,1838]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Begonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in late
<date id="FF803EB92F30FF8A0329F8A5E2282972" box="[374,546,1812,1838]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" value="1837-02">
February
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</date>
in the Patkai range.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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