402 lines
50 KiB
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402 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="86633" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807" ID-GBIF-Dataset="178820d5-d720-47fd-a85e-1ac28fca6c90" ID-PMC="PMC9848742" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1109-67" ID-Pensoft-UUID="534F47F344D858A49331F110D3D21111" ID-PubMed="36762341" ID-ZooBank="9C8BF86D194A46EF9D49072D09BF9E48" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1109-67" checkinTime="1656747431702" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Suzuki, Yuya, Hiramatsu, Takehisa & Tatsuta, Haruki" docDate="2022" docId="FCA223EB749E558DB6A371A9D9C1B65B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1109: 67-101" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1109" docPubDate="2022-07-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807" docTitle="Sennin Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta 2022, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="AAA86579-ABA5-4385-B0D7-68D7676BD871" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="534F47F344D858A49331F110D3D21111" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="534F47F344D858A49331F110D3D21111" masterDocTitle="Two new species and a new genus of ray spiders (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae) from the Ryukyu Islands, southwest Japan, with notes on their natural history" masterLastPageNumber="101" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1732748253566" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6D4E7E9C2D6A81C6C0D8AE86979ED536">Two new species and a new genus of ray spiders (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae) from the Ryukyu Islands, southwest Japan, with notes on their natural history</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4243B0FEAA589BDA1C37D8C63A2AD45B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3D65CEC0FD1477F5A403237E38C35630">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E6C3379E5A5CF380E3D7E41A7A6C68F4">Suzuki, Yuya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6A0DF62E304CA8F5364C2DD1AD9A92A1" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6523-9272</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C391F27C7A87DA4AABEF02264B366322">The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1 - 21 - 24, Korimoto, Kagoshima-shi, Kagoshima, 890 - 0065, Japan & Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819 - 0395 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0F784ABFD29C4560E430FCED85AC8656" type="email">sasaganiya1206@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="34B29DCCE776D5FAAA4689134F2424F9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0FFA4E253274F06943F089A35C331D7B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="642648702423684AA8239DF848B122D2">Hiramatsu, Takehisa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="03E177F6C3B0A71A2FDE94FEBB6FC686">Fregrance-Uwado 203, Uwado, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, 350 - 0816, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="776DD409654A91F43C8149AF2126B545">Tatsuta, Haruki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8AACCAC34CA31BD65376B45362FE9C26" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8847-8874</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="D64171BB29D5A49F145CA1C5D22DE5FB">Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819 - 0395 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1159A726BF977303405A223DF9A36771">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A3B0FB090B25E6B0EF09F0D962D4B8F0">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="02DD5A6029C34F95369E726EB28D81BA">
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<mods:date id="A4844A56507E989D82AEDCFF846C807A">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F08AE5DF45961BA89CA930480F7A5E98">2022-07-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C28D9D43F240F65F9D6F67979D097EE4">1109</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F208E2A201F11255B7EF52A2076E5DBB">67</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="1C5EFB5D844C64879966231961CAEDB2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="52327905C5E4CE649FD10CEE61C8ADF8" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FCA223EB749E558DB6A371A9D9C1B65B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196375128" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AAA86579-ABA5-4385-B0D7-68D7676BD871" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FCA223EB749E558DB6A371A9D9C1B65B" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" scope_family="Theridiosomatidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<subSubSection id="68394E3832CADD6322F82726A7A93812" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DEE51CA20DE63E1F6A4141501C14EA5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="306E66501EEB1476C691C4E3086312E5" LSID="https://zoobank.org/AAA86579-ABA5-4385-B0D7-68D7676BD871" authority="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta, 2022" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Sennin</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="8C003E9A76D71179B13A8C6500576396" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="67D86F5F015ABEDF45EEB58A2FEB07C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="E871BC7E31C68D5C9B0B0B8670E8615B" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="38603A575BD93C405B7570B16AA4C01D" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicName id="B2F61C4DDA6EACDC7118C6012BA79466" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin tanikawai" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanikawai">
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<emphasis id="7DC9990EE407236D940A8CCCA2EB7DDE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin tanikawai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="77CC5AA594D5B2C131CD22A9C372C7BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="3200698937C5E18B805BA07CA77F6CA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7100B8193623B67BF1B96040684ACD41" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
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The generic name
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<taxonomicName id="4976A33C71BD08A309170521E325DFA7" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="795B1F84D0E5C38AF7E091554B44E867" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is noun in apposition, masculine, and derived from the Japanese word meaning mountain hermits, a person who acquires a spiritual power after living a secluded life deep in the mountains. Iriomote Island, where the new species inhabits, is famous for a man called
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<taxonomicName id="B794CFE620814059BAD103316B418901" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sennin</taxonomicName>
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, who was self-sufficient, lived in the coastal caves, and single-handedly built a wooden hut.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3C2B681598CE5D15DF8FAA6DDF12EF68" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D8A21592FD22037C2183D6ACB3F7815A" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4517F2294C6D80E2D48E86060C4871E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
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This genus can be distinguished from other theridiosomatid genera by the following characteristics: a large, oblong cymbial outgrowth (cymbial apophysis) protruding from the basal and dorsal part of cymbium of male palp (Figs
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<figureCitation id="2A7F23C65FA3576F04A8A82E87A59849" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., male holotype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21722) A-D male palp F-J embolic division A retrolateral view B prolateral view C dorsal view D ventral view E median apophysis, ventral view F posterior-ventral view G ventral view H anterior-dorsal view I posterior-dorsal view J prolateral view. Abbreviations: C conductor CA cymbial apophysis CL cymbial lamella E embolus EA embolic apophysis ED embolic division EM embolus MA median apophysis PC paracymbium ST subtegulum T tegulum. Arrow in E indicates the tip of less-sclerotized region of median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708573" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">7A-C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="810B7B6FF641F91509D2EF0D3FD38702" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., male holotype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21722) A-D male palp F-J embolic division A retrolateral view B prolateral view C dorsal view D ventral view E median apophysis, ventral view F posterior-ventral view G ventral view H anterior-dorsal view I posterior-dorsal view J prolateral view. Abbreviations: C conductor CA cymbial apophysis CL cymbial lamella E embolus EA embolic apophysis ED embolic division EM embolus MA median apophysis PC paracymbium ST subtegulum T tegulum. Arrow in E indicates the tip of less-sclerotized region of median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708575" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">9 A-C</figureCitation>
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); an embolic division with three elongated bristle-like embolic apophyses with the longest one coiled (Figs
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<figureCitation id="C38B115C0E41A084D4F82D786275EAD3" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., male holotype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21722) A-D male palp F-J embolic division A retrolateral view B prolateral view C dorsal view D ventral view E median apophysis, ventral view F posterior-ventral view G ventral view H anterior-dorsal view I posterior-dorsal view J prolateral view. Abbreviations: C conductor CA cymbial apophysis CL cymbial lamella E embolus EA embolic apophysis ED embolic division EM embolus MA median apophysis PC paracymbium ST subtegulum T tegulum. Arrow in E indicates the tip of less-sclerotized region of median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708573" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">7F-J</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="F57BC408D0B81A73D0CBE1AF26F2B21E" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., male holotype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21722) A-D male palp F-J embolic division A retrolateral view B prolateral view C dorsal view D ventral view E median apophysis, ventral view F posterior-ventral view G ventral view H anterior-dorsal view I posterior-dorsal view J prolateral view. Abbreviations: C conductor CA cymbial apophysis CL cymbial lamella E embolus EA embolic apophysis ED embolic division EM embolus MA median apophysis PC paracymbium ST subtegulum T tegulum. Arrow in E indicates the tip of less-sclerotized region of median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708575" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">9F-J</figureCitation>
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); the anterior margin of the epigynal plate with a pair of sclerotized, triangular extensions protruding anteriorly from the anterolateral side (Figs
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<figureCitation id="1AE6B52CF92FA0F967F75E5A15B64ED1" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., female paratype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21723) A epigyne, ventral view B epigyne, lateral view C vulva, dorsal view D vulva, anterior view. Abbreviations: CB copulatory bursae CD copulatory ducts ES epigynal scape FD fertilization ducts S spermatheca. Arrows in A, D indicate a pair of sclerotized extensions on the anterior margin of epigynal plate. Arrow in C indicates a pair of copulatory ducts juxtaposed. Scale bars: 0. 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708574" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">8A, D</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="A7AF69208E05B5CC4C51E20A4A3FA46A" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., female paratype (NSMT-Ar 21723) A epigyne, ventral view B epigyne, lateral view C vulva, dorsal view D vulva, anterior view E course of copulatory duct. Abbreviations: CB copulatory bursae CD copulatory ducts ES epigynal scape ESL epigynal scape length FD fertilization ducts S spermatheca VW vulva width. Arrows in A, D indicate a pair of sclerotized extensions on the anterior margin of epigynal plate. Arrow in C indicates the pair of copulatory ducts juxtaposed. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708576" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">10A, D</figureCitation>
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; arrowed;
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<bibRefCitation id="DA059E217877DBA1ACE7326955AE1AE5" author="Zhu, MS" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Taiwanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 7" refId="B37" refString="Zhu, MS, Zhang, JX, Chen, HM, 2001. A new species of the genus Wendilgarda from China (Araneae: Theridiosomatidae). Acta Zoologica Taiwanica 12: 1 - 7" title="A new species of the genus Wendilgarda from China (Araneae: Theridiosomatidae)." volume="12" year="2001">Zhu et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 4;
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<bibRefCitation id="E9F34A720B152A0AA30AFD9AABC6DE9C" author="Chen, HM" journalOrPublisher="Guizhou Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 10" refId="B3" refString="Chen, HM, 2010. Karstia, a new genus of troglophilous theridiosomatid (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae) from southwestern China. Guizhou Science 28 (4): 1 - 10" title="Karstia, a new genus of troglophilous theridiosomatid (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae) from southwestern China." volume="28" year="2010">Chen 2010</bibRefCitation>
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: figs 19, 20); the vulva with long copulatory ducts coiling at the lateral side of the spermatheca (Figs
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<figureCitation id="765E7150CDB8FA8A40C0598D10918C61" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., female paratype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21723) A epigyne, ventral view B epigyne, lateral view C vulva, dorsal view D vulva, anterior view. Abbreviations: CB copulatory bursae CD copulatory ducts ES epigynal scape FD fertilization ducts S spermatheca. Arrows in A, D indicate a pair of sclerotized extensions on the anterior margin of epigynal plate. Arrow in C indicates a pair of copulatory ducts juxtaposed. Scale bars: 0. 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708574" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">8C, D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="9DF1A831F65358B5D535362C511B6859" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., female paratype (NSMT-Ar 21723) A epigyne, ventral view B epigyne, lateral view C vulva, dorsal view D vulva, anterior view E course of copulatory duct. Abbreviations: CB copulatory bursae CD copulatory ducts ES epigynal scape ESL epigynal scape length FD fertilization ducts S spermatheca VW vulva width. Arrows in A, D indicate a pair of sclerotized extensions on the anterior margin of epigynal plate. Arrow in C indicates the pair of copulatory ducts juxtaposed. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708576" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">10C, D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||
<caption id="FD2EB633E32901E9D6D5E374C2747252" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708572" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
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<paragraph id="C0AD36DDCE26729E2E0F7CABADF5C56F" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
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<emphasis id="1AE2F2BE4DCB893499AF335D5FD7D866" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Figure 6.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="45B72646251720955D6E1BBEEE139554" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin tanikawai" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanikawai">
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<emphasis id="B8A9A17983444CC4CF42D831C7CDF812" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin tanikawai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., male holotype (NSMT-Ar 21722
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<emphasis id="45720B32A35B38980DB82A0E960F0C2F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">A-D</emphasis>
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) and female paratype (NSMT-Ar 21723
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<emphasis id="A8F2FBA7B3520F59465B3FE853370A89" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">E-H</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="C2B8B7DD663E88EA3EB15832AC119816" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">A, E</emphasis>
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habitus, dorsal view
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<emphasis id="55CB60B3868AF20CEE1ECFCA7618D432" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">B, F</emphasis>
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habitus, lateral view
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<emphasis id="25681997ED1EF19B513663242C9EAC67" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C, G</emphasis>
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eye region, dorsal view
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<emphasis id="0CC974B93CE845DE39AEA7B50DE9251A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">D, H</emphasis>
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chelicera, anterior view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
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<emphasis id="DE32DDA41BEF0CF04978FD2623E7E9C8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">A, B, E, F</emphasis>
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); 0.1 mm (
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<emphasis id="95880662050F4AFDE756E21CB2A21818" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C, G, D, H</emphasis>
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).
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F0F2047F5DA64C36A599957BDAEF985D" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="composition">
|
||
<paragraph id="90485C7FD2CB93A845DD526DDBFE5D3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Composition.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="524EB3B021DC435A3EF8429E42CB938C" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="247A61F2483048F358E2D7FDE5DEDD66" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin tanikawai" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanikawai">
|
||
<emphasis id="C502416458764D676C63776A829622C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin tanikawai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D636D5C976AE1EAC0B1515AFDF651954" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. coddingtoni" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coddingtoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABA6496FAEF7B775A11E54AF6F90B121" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">S. coddingtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Zhu, Zhang & Chen, 2001), comb. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B9E088862B1A474A54B553B421B19D37" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="74E99643FB5DA1B2571D01EBBF48EA42" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7A80753D8BFFDFA0C379D81EA91737D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
|
||
This genus is related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="62A7834BAE018BE6314D370B3D1893B3" authorityName="Coddington" authorityYear="1986" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Baalzebub" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baalzebub" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="183BE0B81E8D0E08CE786A53EB8DBB8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Baalzebub</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Coddington, 1986, based on the shape of the median apophysis on the male palp, the embolic apophyses that are not exposed from the conductor, and the general morphology of the epigyne. The elongated and oblong dorsal cymbial apophysis, one of the most conspicuous characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8AEBF5EE2F150A1464B92DF22CD5CBD6" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5A21F5FCCA9D80978FA14E67CF6BC54" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="A680A0C47A100A4033215971E9609EA9" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., male holotype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21722) A-D male palp F-J embolic division A retrolateral view B prolateral view C dorsal view D ventral view E median apophysis, ventral view F posterior-ventral view G ventral view H anterior-dorsal view I posterior-dorsal view J prolateral view. Abbreviations: C conductor CA cymbial apophysis CL cymbial lamella E embolus EA embolic apophysis ED embolic division EM embolus MA median apophysis PC paracymbium ST subtegulum T tegulum. Arrow in E indicates the tip of less-sclerotized region of median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708573" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">7A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD296C4E2C2012FCAEBEA0D5F2DBB8D1" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., male holotype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21722) A-D male palp F-J embolic division A retrolateral view B prolateral view C dorsal view D ventral view E median apophysis, ventral view F posterior-ventral view G ventral view H anterior-dorsal view I posterior-dorsal view J prolateral view. Abbreviations: C conductor CA cymbial apophysis CL cymbial lamella E embolus EA embolic apophysis ED embolic division EM embolus MA median apophysis PC paracymbium ST subtegulum T tegulum. Arrow in E indicates the tip of less-sclerotized region of median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708575" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">9A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
), differentiates the new genus from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="544DA8C73AB1145341BA5BC443BA0C18" authorityName="Coddington" authorityYear="1986" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Baalzebub" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baalzebub" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7D68859E7B94F2D8A228B90D105C3EC3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Baalzebub</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3F87DCE15411B5E6ADBCD4A19A1B3471" authorityName="Coddington" authorityYear="1986" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Baalzebub" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baalzebub" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F60156A1E7C9BAFA37CABBABF137A72B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Baalzebub</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a small protrusion on the retrolateral-dorsal side of basal part of cymbium (e.g., paracymbium in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F3C0CA2E9DA6DEF529B25337BD65ADA7" lsidName="B. acutum" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="acutum">
|
||
<emphasis id="A206BD6FA67FA5CA16CB7BA83FB99BFB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">B. acutum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="110F472B39757F0340FFB468CD9A5A72" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2016.1183965" author="Prete, PH" journalOrPublisher="Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" pagination="97 - 103" refId="B19" refString="Prete, PH, Cizauskas, I, Brescovit, AD, 2016. A new species of the spider genus Baalzebub (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae) from Brazilian caves. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 51 (2): 97 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2016.1183965" title="A new species of the spider genus Baalzebub (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae) from Brazilian caves." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2016.1183965" volume="51" year="2016">Prete et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 2D, 3C; named
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D6E0BE0FD958F1DFD05C8F476769EA28" originalValue="‘Höcker’">'Hoecker'</normalizedToken>
|
||
(= lump) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05DEA58F3CD61EB48EBACB0A94EA3CCB" lsidName="B. brauni" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="brauni">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AAA2AE4932B45BE1CBADDDC9D9CFEFF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">B. brauni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EAB650A4CD093E6A24FAFA005BDF076A" author="Wunderlich, J" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" pagination="113 - 124" refId="B30" refString="Wunderlich, J, 1976. Spinnen aus Australien. 1. Uloboridae, Theridiosomatidae und Symphytognathidae (Arachnida: Araneida). Senckenbergiana Biologica 57: 113 - 124" title="Spinnen aus Australien. 1. Uloboridae, Theridiosomatidae und Symphytognathidae (Arachnida: Araneida)." volume="57" year="1976">Wunderlich 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 17, 18), it is not as prominent as that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01BD488235F0CE9CF98D18D4F9FBD335" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="276EAD85DF131E2975D155E67E3CD6DC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. The embolic apophyses of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6ECFF958A25F2FA41E265FBEDDB2F80A" authorityName="Coddington" authorityYear="1986" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Baalzebub" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baalzebub" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="338B781C7806EDC0047E528C29F0E6A7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Baalzebub</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are short, blunt, and spatulate, but those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7185A8A022CE98A3166948676644B708" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4878897AC8C729D0732AD6F99C305B04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are longer, bristle-like, and strongly curved or coiled (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="44F95CC0DB289DAA50450652F10D01EE" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., male holotype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21722) A-D male palp F-J embolic division A retrolateral view B prolateral view C dorsal view D ventral view E median apophysis, ventral view F posterior-ventral view G ventral view H anterior-dorsal view I posterior-dorsal view J prolateral view. Abbreviations: C conductor CA cymbial apophysis CL cymbial lamella E embolus EA embolic apophysis ED embolic division EM embolus MA median apophysis PC paracymbium ST subtegulum T tegulum. Arrow in E indicates the tip of less-sclerotized region of median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708573" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">7F-J</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5E2B9ABEB0B41A8F55424B15470F4431" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., male holotype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21722) A-D male palp F-J embolic division A retrolateral view B prolateral view C dorsal view D ventral view E median apophysis, ventral view F posterior-ventral view G ventral view H anterior-dorsal view I posterior-dorsal view J prolateral view. Abbreviations: C conductor CA cymbial apophysis CL cymbial lamella E embolus EA embolic apophysis ED embolic division EM embolus MA median apophysis PC paracymbium ST subtegulum T tegulum. Arrow in E indicates the tip of less-sclerotized region of median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708575" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">9F-J</figureCitation>
|
||
). As for the female genitalia of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4E84E4BA4A3B50B60C33FD22B22727B" authorityName="Coddington" authorityYear="1986" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Baalzebub" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baalzebub" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="53B70F0648C16B797316E0EBC1F1217A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Baalzebub</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the epigynal plate is upside-down triangular with sclerotized central epigynal pit, the spermathecae elliptical, and longer laterally with connate tips, and the course of copulatory ducts is simple (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC2C66D7A1333FB53B03B26FA8F0BF55" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.422" author="Coddington, JA" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 96" refId="B4" refString="Coddington, JA, 1986a. The genera of the spider family Theridiosomatidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 422 (422): 1 - 96, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.422" title="The genera of the spider family Theridiosomatidae." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.422" volume="422" year="1986 a">Coddington 1986a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91DC371F9B9C1A9520F03528180D9C05" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AEBCD7DADCC3E96CD3A796347A5BE90" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. has similar spermathecae, but the course of the copulatory duct is more complex, with a coiled trajectory at the basal side of the spermathecae (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="8B4314300D4230927F7F2900954905B2" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., female paratype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21723) A epigyne, ventral view B epigyne, lateral view C vulva, dorsal view D vulva, anterior view. Abbreviations: CB copulatory bursae CD copulatory ducts ES epigynal scape FD fertilization ducts S spermatheca. Arrows in A, D indicate a pair of sclerotized extensions on the anterior margin of epigynal plate. Arrow in C indicates a pair of copulatory ducts juxtaposed. Scale bars: 0. 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708574" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">8C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="01A8C0690B33D7A98808BF85C392C48D" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Sennin tanikawai sp. nov., female paratype (NSMT-Ar 21723) A epigyne, ventral view B epigyne, lateral view C vulva, dorsal view D vulva, anterior view E course of copulatory duct. Abbreviations: CB copulatory bursae CD copulatory ducts ES epigynal scape ESL epigynal scape length FD fertilization ducts S spermatheca VW vulva width. Arrows in A, D indicate a pair of sclerotized extensions on the anterior margin of epigynal plate. Arrow in C indicates the pair of copulatory ducts juxtaposed. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708576" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">10C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4344869B02A368F74FCF6F811CE0A4F8" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708573" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph id="B4A21A6B1CCDE1B485E89E2060634AD1" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="9BDE78D870FE4DE601474BCE3BB34447" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7527FD5A64A051FA2A1ACEF56E25739" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin tanikawai" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanikawai">
|
||
<emphasis id="1D2EB83D8D69282286526EE70C67826E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin tanikawai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., male holotype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21722)
|
||
<emphasis id="277FA854A2E1089F32A95383AD3A27F4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">A-D</emphasis>
|
||
male palp
|
||
<emphasis id="24A946EB2F84141D63BE9A8A035B8B68" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">F-J</emphasis>
|
||
embolic division
|
||
<emphasis id="D6A5CE2E4820B867DDB224B9E7B52720" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">A</emphasis>
|
||
retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="190D04FFC6059E1FF4BFB3DB6507A28F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">B</emphasis>
|
||
prolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="C25A4ACC9BDDF1534082112470835AAF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="494F2C3C3158CE2E92F9236759DD0F9F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">D</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="F983B6B7658B483A4D959A24802E26EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">E</emphasis>
|
||
median apophysis, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="AB8072239550742F8EF8F072EC1F3F1A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">F</emphasis>
|
||
posterior-ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="4342B9609B432F73A6562FEC4C051804" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">G</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="0E15E3701F25DBB53380E934F2ECC382" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">H</emphasis>
|
||
anterior-dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="770F5056B2B8E8525D114CAAE7C3A82E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">I</emphasis>
|
||
posterior-dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="6FB7F6102A6DCE5F90532B6DC609201D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">J</emphasis>
|
||
prolateral view. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="587F7B41586E179E50C4EDC72DC7643E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C</emphasis>
|
||
conductor
|
||
<emphasis id="2B394668D0D823A4B7563990C4B40463" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">CA</emphasis>
|
||
cymbial apophysis
|
||
<emphasis id="27A529B9A63BA1FC63D7183856C4634B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">CL</emphasis>
|
||
cymbial lamella
|
||
<emphasis id="48AF7CF91DAB2318CD16E97A78838D2D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">E</emphasis>
|
||
embolus
|
||
<emphasis id="571F87F03201B5490EB554E62A014691" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">EA</emphasis>
|
||
embolic apophysis
|
||
<emphasis id="84AA19505E053E228DBAB9C75D36608A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">ED</emphasis>
|
||
embolic division
|
||
<emphasis id="18C4072B8DB823EE0F505222EF103686" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">EM</emphasis>
|
||
embolus
|
||
<emphasis id="DE971F4D46E5E62A27505AB2969FB956" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">MA</emphasis>
|
||
median apophysis
|
||
<emphasis id="B1F7BF1911B57726367D173A8A139228" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">PC</emphasis>
|
||
paracymbium
|
||
<emphasis id="BF46E3C0E9F484388A85778E1D7EB77D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">ST</emphasis>
|
||
subtegulum
|
||
<emphasis id="C89904F00A365D33944177176B824577" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">T</emphasis>
|
||
tegulum. Arrow in
|
||
<emphasis id="088F7552B215D70292BC0DD12C7089EE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">E</emphasis>
|
||
indicates the tip of less-sclerotized region of median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="19A8556DA132589183FAAEF13C73FC2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4A7AEE9D1D6ED512596D5E1C7068A59D" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Zhu, Zhang & Chen" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin coddingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coddingtoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="9F1F5ED1E0B53C7AA68DDEB6F5D3474F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin coddingtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. was formerly placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D46A4B7148223FF99B36708AFCEE17E6" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="2010" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Karstia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karstia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AEBAF83B252F64B1990713EC22EB26E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Karstia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Chen, 2010, but it shares conspicuous characteristics with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AF55EA6CB0399887C9EA34736C1AAD4B" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. tanikawai" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tanikawai">
|
||
<emphasis id="66175B8EA99E8A443F1FD62CD2130969" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">S. tanikawai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and can clearly be differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="522569A320A3952D1D4FFADA628845E8" lsidName="K. upperyangtzica" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="upperyangtzica">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F1D177D7ED2DB4A0D782D7309357D50" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">K. upperyangtzica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Chen, 2010, the type species of the genus. Therefore, we transferred it from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BA9D660ABC50DA0817D548B9215F31DD" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="2010" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Karstia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karstia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EC8D57905CFD0B2A0E2B0D93C14CF817" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Karstia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4F1AD955D8A958C2C7D63000F4726A80" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="363D50901CB5D2D840B25EBF2E221A3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AC8F230611A61773748CA8EC05FEB7E5" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="2010" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Karstia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karstia upperyangtzica" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="upperyangtzica">
|
||
<emphasis id="AB388F7F80874642EC738AD47CD6F348" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Karstia upperyangtzica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0EBF704C19EF9E91AB49F058ECCE329" lsidName="K. cordata" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="cordata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4F137F2B224ED45A83267CA5358A00D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">K. cordata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dou & Li (2012) females have an upside-down triangular epigynal plate with a sclerotized epigynal pit, and a simple course of copulatory ducts; males have cymbial apophysis as a very small protrusion, and embolic division with short, spatulate embolic apophyses (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6579ADD26B2C0F602A659D813012F0D0" author="Chen, HM" journalOrPublisher="Guizhou Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 10" refId="B3" refString="Chen, HM, 2010. Karstia, a new genus of troglophilous theridiosomatid (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae) from southwestern China. Guizhou Science 28 (4): 1 - 10" title="Karstia, a new genus of troglophilous theridiosomatid (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae) from southwestern China." volume="28" year="2010">Chen 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0948FD2636122C3EF80D510839BE1FEE" author="Dou, LA" journalOrPublisher="Dong Wu Fen Lei Xue Bao" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" pagination="734 - 739" refId="B6" refString="Dou, LA, Lin, YC, 2012. Description of Karstia cordata sp. nov. (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae) from caves in Chongqing, China. Dong Wu Fen Lei Xue Bao 37: 734 - 739" title="Description of Karstia cordata sp. nov. (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae) from caves in Chongqing, China." volume="37" year="2012">Dou and Lin 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7206BB5C1DA7FC1B82C3CAA9824426CA" author="Zhang, ZS" journalOrPublisher="Chongqing University Press, China" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" refId="B33" refString="Zhang, ZS, Wang, LY, 2017. Chinese spiders illustrated. Chongqing University Press, China" title="Chinese spiders illustrated." year="2017">Zhang and Wang 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Based on these morphological characteristics, it is difficult to differentiate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03CA57EA8A81EAAD208458E1CADAE59D" lsidName="K. upperyangtzica" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="upperyangtzica">
|
||
<emphasis id="EA5109AC784CE99B014005A54D9A7D45" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">K. upperyangtzica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E99C2F7DC49C25C42EB6CCED65F9CA43" lsidName="K. cordata" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="cordata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6CC2A4BFC489CFE7B7B7E5CA782C927B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">K. cordata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91E4A9A7DADD0999D47517C7E89CE4D7" authorityName="Coddington" authorityYear="1986" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Baalzebub" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baalzebub" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="54C593F96D8854291F63A159E965F79E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Baalzebub</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; therefore, taxonomic revision of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="189E09CA7C8F5BC44F3F5F7BDC02ADC8" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="2010" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Karstia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karstia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CD5A69DB75E4F0F348D7FC9F81F7A9C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Karstia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is needed. In this study, we defer revision of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B68E1CF8893784F2F842FADC6A515F3F" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="2010" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Karstia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karstia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3BE0BDB91B9E9247A66DC8DF7C658C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Karstia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which may require direct examination of the type specimens and further molecular analysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E5E4CEC764473DF2B8A065AAD20CE148" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1109.83807.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/708574" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph id="41FAB07124C6A1C1D7E142C77F43A9CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB405852DF8843827B2B741403585416" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0684AC9CFB99732224CB497D56189C9E" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin tanikawai" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanikawai">
|
||
<emphasis id="09A295B04DFFF9D18EBDE3186773ABEB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin tanikawai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., female paratype genitalia (NSMT-Ar 21723)
|
||
<emphasis id="22D465B45E595841A0C68309896B404A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">A</emphasis>
|
||
epigyne, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="E2FF70275A8DC636FFFEE11735F78E58" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">B</emphasis>
|
||
epigyne, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="D4901C1670147A7A1A18A170BA198A8A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C</emphasis>
|
||
vulva, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="7719B6EF2FE73670730A9C4F33A96D7F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">D</emphasis>
|
||
vulva, anterior view. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="F1736D6137C4EC5D959136F0D4743212" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">CB</emphasis>
|
||
copulatory bursae
|
||
<emphasis id="AD3EC6A054564B92220A58E1CE312993" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">CD</emphasis>
|
||
copulatory ducts
|
||
<emphasis id="78A0A3F0FAF7AA3842A45958115CCE57" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">ES</emphasis>
|
||
epigynal scape
|
||
<emphasis id="25032122E4B54BF3E5C930AA6FB05C65" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">FD</emphasis>
|
||
fertilization ducts
|
||
<emphasis id="EFCEEBD37457FFBC99D7C7735723274C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">S</emphasis>
|
||
spermatheca. Arrows in
|
||
<emphasis id="E05CC884398032A9679C321D46A5BB6C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">A, D</emphasis>
|
||
indicate a pair of sclerotized extensions on the anterior margin of epigynal plate. Arrow in
|
||
<emphasis id="ACBD05EE5341E078932704C152069840" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C</emphasis>
|
||
indicates a pair of copulatory ducts juxtaposed. Scale bars: 0. 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="A4F69024ACA93E23BCD7B0A286C1B863" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
|
||
As mentioned above, taxonomic relationship between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BA44379DC6BB8EB40521A801C138BD11" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AC92E610E2395CB76CE09B7C7992B75" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. and its potentially closest-related genera (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7220F8BA0E46227514906F11D1B7E6CB" authorityName="Coddington" authorityYear="1986" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Baalzebub" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baalzebub" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75246C962C35BA098CAF1FF13D9C3751" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Baalzebub</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and probably
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1FAE5E4DD14BD22F19DCE99B4B0D39C5" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="2010" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Karstia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karstia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE57E7614391274F0CB01FE00D760437" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Karstia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is not yet well defined. This also indicated that the establishment of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F60C9F9D5E4FFA3B2587F08F0BEFB322" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B829D02B75D16DF6D53E4B2015F864F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. could render these related genera polyphyletic. To revise taxonomic status of these taxa in terms of monophyly, further integrative phylogenetic approach covering large number of species and genera is required.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="338D06DEE2A634C34A8816C78B5CFA61" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
|
||
According to the morphology and a potential close-relatedness to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C567C08E0AD9A5CEB8CA24BB98C475" authorityName="Coddington" authorityYear="1986" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Baalzebub" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baalzebub" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ED8FF0D6BCAD6CC396219E4170F965B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Baalzebub</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="069518D9C9414C8401CC0CCAB9A1F949" authorityName="Suzuki & Hiramatsu & Tatsuta" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Sennin" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sennin" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9EF0A469FAD6B5C0C7DC602D269A6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Sennin</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. is here suggested to be assigned to the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9098A262C165540FBBA6101C7785B12" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Theridiosomatinae">Theridiosomatinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |