225 lines
27 KiB
XML
225 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="730968F4755AAF2BC9139D5C9AAF74A7" ID-CLB-Dataset="99512" ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a23" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1818f0c9-dbee-4fa4-b69a-ad6d3712913b" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6819412" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:999E7A6A-3781-4746-8519-62E1010D3880" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657550474273" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Klopfstein, Seraina" docDate="2022" docId="FC1A686EFFB2FFE98DD345B5FAC40A84" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.44.23.645-664.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 44 (23)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Theronia furensis Holmgren 1859, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="1DBBFE33-BF2E-4D19-A4CB-7E2792C50A5D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="657" masterDocId="00231016FFBFFFE78E394169FF940D6F" masterDocTitle="High diversity of pimpline parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from the lowermost Eocene Fur Formation (Denmark)" masterLastPageNumber="664" masterPageNumber="645" pageNumber="656" updateTime="1699358479615" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F852236BDA107F670BDA10570CC7737B">
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<mods:title id="C864B96172735AFC51539422C4169D2A">High diversity of pimpline parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from the lowermost Eocene Fur Formation (Denmark)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="FD92B1D8D241BCBEA95281D2C72CA4E6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="44B6FF2A4663178DCFF378499F1A1D6C">Klopfstein, Seraina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B98C4F48BC11B91BE1F979B375E90619">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="B4F56CBF1302D400F22ABEF8BB3D9866">
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<mods:date id="D48EC028DD00E8F59B945B3109034FF4">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="6B90F8ACBBC03D06C3CA42A171AA002C" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="79056E2FC8395C6FF88B9CDE763CB16C">2022-07-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C39AAA76AFE359DBF499078EC06DE8BA">44</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="96C601297A675C883E50323064C624C9">23</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E974A84E1916C5581962D8FC2F0FA5F9">645</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="BCD9B2545AA42A7C506E6FA89B212EAF">664</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="34BB88F70C8C1FCCAE51A034D3E04688">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5D1F4C4CDFFE6AE787C18193B81A8216" type="CLB-Dataset">99512</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="11C71FB40FE10084E88B4F7CD9EA3FBE" type="DOI">10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a23</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1F65972DDA7BEBB87B8F788E5B155538" type="GBIF-Dataset">1818f0c9-dbee-4fa4-b69a-ad6d3712913b</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="58DBB1672390C23043DCD2CA9B3EC0BE" type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7362671544A830A823F7AE9B448331C0" type="Zenodo-Dep">6819412</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="52859165712FA5FA2A4B8DE367942C19" type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:999E7A6A-3781-4746-8519-62E1010D3880</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FC1A686EFFB2FFE98DD345B5FAC40A84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6857738" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197821809" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6857738" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1DBBFE33-BF2E-4D19-A4CB-7E2792C50A5D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC1A686EFFB2FFE98DD345B5FAC40A84" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="657" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">
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<subSubSection id="3CA98AF3FFB2FFEA8DD345B5FB660998" box="[1002,1266,1244,1271]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="740CD978FFB2FFEA8DD345B5FB660998" blockId="13.[1002,1266,1244,1271]" box="[1002,1266,1244,1271]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">
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<heading id="2F446E14FFB2FFEA8DD345B5FB660998" box="[1002,1266,1244,1271]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB2FFEA8DD345B5FB240999" authority="Klopfstein, 2022" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[1002,1200,1244,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Theronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB2FFEA8DD345B5FBDB0998" bold="true" box="[1002,1103,1244,1271]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">Theronia</emphasis>
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?
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<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB2FFEA8A6745B5FB240999" bold="true" box="[1118,1200,1244,1270]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">furensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DF4B811FFB2FFEA8A8145B4FB660998" box="[1208,1266,1245,1271]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3CA98AF3FFB2FFEA8A7F4595FA3A083E" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" type="description">
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<paragraph id="740CD978FFB2FFEA8A7F4595FB020879" blockId="13.[1094,1174,1276,1302]" box="[1094,1174,1276,1302]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">
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(
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<figureCitation id="EC88C5FDFFB2FFEA8A764595FB190879" box="[1103,1165,1276,1302]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,921,938]" captionTargetBox="[132,1444,215,879]" captionTargetId="figure-557@14.[698,1267,213,785]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 8. — Holotype of Theronia? furensis n. sp. (FUR-11207), photograph (A) and interpretative drawing (B), where dotted lines represent uncertain and/or interpolated interpretations. Blue lines indicate a fossil Diptera which is partly overlaying the Darwin wasp fossil. One fore and the two hind wings have been moved up and down, respectively, for clarity. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6819430" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6819430/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="740CD978FFB2FFEA8D144429FA3A083E" blockId="13.[813,1454,1344,1361]" box="[813,1454,1344,1361]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">
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<uri id="0022D57AFFB2FFEA8D144429FA3A083E" box="[813,1454,1344,1361]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="0015E3ADFFB2FFEA8A3D4429FA3A083E" box="[1028,1454,1344,1361]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">1DBBFE33-BF2E-4D19-A4CB-7E2792C50A5D</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3CA98AF3FFB2FFEA8D1444E0FB9E08D4" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="740CD978FFB2FFEA8D1444E0FB9E08D4" blockId="13.[813,1455,1416,1467]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">
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TYPE MATERIAL. —
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<materialsCitation id="C4DBD325FFB2FFEA8DD544E1FB9E08D4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863921324" collectionCode="FUR" collectorName="E. Rettig" country="Denmark" location="MorsO Kommune" municipality="Jutland" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" specimenCode="FUR-11207" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Limfjord" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="AB0867DAFFB2FFEA8DD544E1FBDD08CF" box="[1004,1097,1416,1440]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="62B512F1FFB2FFEA8A7744E1FB0508CF" box="[1102,1169,1416,1440]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" type="female">female</specimenCount>
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:
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<specimenCode id="24157103FFB2FFEA8AA044E1FA8608CF" box="[1177,1298,1416,1440]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">FUR-11207</specimenCode>
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(part and counterpart; leg.
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<collectorName id="D946BCAEFFB2FFEA8D9A44CAFC6B08D4" box="[931,1023,1443,1467]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">E. Rettig</collectorName>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3CA98AF3FFB2FFEA8D1444B3FA25089E" box="[813,1457,1497,1521]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="740CD978FFB2FFEA8D1444B3FA25089E" blockId="13.[813,1457,1497,1521]" box="[813,1457,1497,1521]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">ETYMOLOGY. — The species epithet refers to the formation of origin.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3CA98AF3FFB2FFEA8D144779FA0C0B2D" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="740CD978FFB2FFEA8D144779FA0C0B2D" blockId="13.[813,1455,1552,1602]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">
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<typeStatus id="AB0867DAFFB2FFEA8D144779FCCB0B48" box="[813,863,1552,1575]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">TYPE</typeStatus>
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HORIZON AND LOCALITY. —
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<collectingCountry id="0CA499E8FFB2FFEA8AB64779FB660B47" box="[1167,1266,1552,1576]" name="Denmark" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="94684302FFB2FFEA8AC74779FADE0B47" box="[1278,1354,1552,1576]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">Jutland</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="B677179AFFB2FFEA8B6F4779FA3B0B47" box="[1366,1455,1552,1576]" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">Limfjord</collectingRegion>
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region,
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<location id="716C8FA3FFB2FFEA8D4E4740FBBD0B2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC1A686EFFB2FFE98DD345B5FAC40A84:716C8FA3FFB2FFEA8D4E4740FBBD0B2D" box="[887,1065,1577,1602]" country="Denmark" municipality="Jutland" name="MorsO Kommune" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" stateProvince="Limfjord">MorsØ Kommune</location>
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,
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<location id="716C8FA3FFB2FFEA8A0A4743FB6B0B2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC1A686EFFB2FFE98DD345B5FAC40A84:716C8FA3FFB2FFEA8A0A4743FB6B0B2D" box="[1075,1279,1578,1602]" country="Denmark" municipality="Jutland" name="Klinten ved Klitgard" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" stateProvince="Limfjord">Klinten ved Klitgård</location>
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. Cement stone.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3CA98AF3FFB2FFE98D144708FE420B7C" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="657" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="740CD978FFB2FFE98D144708FE420B7C" blockId="13.[811,1457,1633,2027]" lastBlockId="14.[132,777,1108,1555]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="657" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">
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DIAGNOSIS. — Taxonomic placement: the placement of this taxon in
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB2FFEA8D7C4712FC3D0BFC" box="[837,937,1659,1683]" pageId="13" pageNumber="647" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pimplinae">Pimplinae</taxonomicName>
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is rather unequivocal from the combination of characters indicated in
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<tableCitation id="3931ECC3FFB2FFEA8DE747FFFBB20BC1" box="[990,1062,1686,1710]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="18.[132,143,219,236]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 1. — Overview of characters supporting placement in Pimplinae. Brackets indicate uncertain interpretation or visibility of only some aspect of a character. 1, forewig with areolet triangular or oblique-quadrate; 2, forewing vein 2m-cu bowed outwards, with two bullae (in brackets if bullae not visible); 3, first tergite attached broadly to propodeum, parallel-sided or somewhat converging towards base; usually 1.0-2.0 × longer than wide; 4, spiracle of first tergite in front of middle; first sternite shorter than half the length of tergite; 5, ovipositor clearly protruding from metasomal apex, often long; if shorter than metasoma, then usually rather robust; 6, ventral valve of ovipositor with teeth, dorsal valve without a notch; 7, claws with basal lobe (present in many extant Pimplinae, especially Ephialtini); 8, unique character combination present that allows association with a particular genus in Pimplinae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/20CC89F0FFADFFF58EBD41B2FBBC0C31" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" tableUuid="20CC89F0FFADFFF58EBD41B2FBBC0C31">Table 1</tableCitation>
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. Furthermore, the claws seem somewhat enlarged, even though this interpretation is somewhat uncertain. The propodeum has at least some distinct carinae, a feature that is rare in extant
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB2FFEA8D89478CFB800B92" box="[944,1044,1765,1789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="647" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pimplinae">Pimplinae</taxonomicName>
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which mostly have their propodeal carination at least partially reduced. The exception are some members of the genera
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<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB2FFEA8DAC4673FB350A5D" box="[917,1185,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB2FFEA8DAC4673FB850A5D" authorityName="Kopylov, Spasojevic & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2018" box="[917,1041,1818,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Crusopimpla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Crusopimpla</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB2FFEA8A234673FB350A5D" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1892" box="[1050,1185,1818,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Xanthopimpla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xanthopimpla</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB2FFEA8A974673FA3B0A5D" authority="Kriechbaumer" authorityName="Kriechbaumer" authorityYear="1889" box="[1198,1455,1818,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lissopimpla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB2FFEA8A974673FA890A5D" box="[1198,1309,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">Lissopimpla</emphasis>
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Kriechbaumer
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</taxonomicName>
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and the
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB2FFEA8DBB465CFC420A22" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[898,982,1845,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Theronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="656" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB2FFEA8DBB465CFC420A22" box="[898,982,1845,1869]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="656">Theronia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group of genera, which all share a rather short metasoma and robust ovipositor with the current species. The first is a now extinct genus currently comprising only two species; we here added two additional ones and complemented the genus definition by an important character, which had not been visible in the previously known fossils: the high ratio of vein 1-Cu to cu-a in the hind wing (nervellus broken below the middle, see under
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98EFC453DFE130903" authorityName="Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" box="[197,391,1108,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Crusopimpla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violina">
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<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98EFC453DFE130903" box="[197,391,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Crusopimpla violina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98FA5453DFD810903" authorityName="Kopylov, Spasojevic & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2018" box="[412,533,1108,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Crusopimpla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98FA5453DFD810903" box="[412,533,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Crusopimpla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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thus can be ruled out as placement for this fossil, which has vein 1-Cu a little shorter than cu-a. The remaining three genera would all fit in that respect, but the colour pattern of this species points to the
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98C7045CAFD0909D4" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[585,669,1187,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Theronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98C7045CAFD0909D4" box="[585,669,1187,1211]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Theronia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group as a most likely placement:
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98F5445D4FDAA09BA" box="[365,574,1213,1237]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">
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<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98F5445D4FE6009BA" box="[365,500,1213,1237]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Xanthopimpla</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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have a light ground colour of the mesosoma, and
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98F9345B1FD8D099F" authorityName="Kriechbaumer" authorityYear="1889" box="[426,537,1240,1264]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lissopimpla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98F9345B1FD8D099F" box="[426,537,1240,1264]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Lissopimpla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be identified by extended light colouring on the mesosoma and a black patch in the fore wing. Placement in
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<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98F4A4464FE53084A" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[371,455,1293,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Theronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98F4A4464FE53084A" box="[371,455,1293,1317]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Theronia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or any of its related genera must however be regarded as tentative, as most members of this genus group also have a yellow or orange ground colour of the mesosoma. Species diagnosis: from most extant members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98C884435FC9C081B" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[689,776,1372,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Theronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98C884435FC9C081B" box="[689,776,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Theronia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus group and also from most other pimplines from the Fur formation, this species can be distinguished on the basis of the colouration, i.e., dark mesosoma and head and entirely orange metasoma (except for T1) and orange legs. It only shares this colour pattern with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98F614489FE470897" authorityName="Kopylov, Spasojevic & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2018" box="[344,467,1504,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Crusopimpla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98F614489FE470897" box="[344,467,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Crusopimpla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98FDA4489FDB30897" authorityName="Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" box="[483,551,1504,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Crusopimpla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violina">
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98FDA4489FDB30897" box="[483,551,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">violina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see under that latter species for differential characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="20CC89F0FFB1FFE98EBD42F0FDC50EB7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6819430" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6819430" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6819430/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" startId="14.[132,143,921,938]" targetBox="[132,1444,215,879]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="740CD978FFB1FFE98EBD42F0FDC50EB7" blockId="14.[132,1455,921,984]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">
|
||
FIG. 8. — Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98F0342F0FE160EC5" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[314,386,921,938]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Theronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98F0342F0FE160EC5" box="[314,386,921,938]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Theronia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98FAB42F0FE470EC5" authority="Klopfstein, 2022" authorityName="Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" box="[402,467,921,938]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Theronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98FAB42F0FE470EC5" box="[402,467,921,938]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">furensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DF4B811FFB1FFE98FE142F0FD9C0EC5" box="[472,520,921,938]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(FUR-11207), photograph (
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98CD242F0FD6C0EC5" bold="true" box="[747,760,921,938]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">A</emphasis>
|
||
) and interpretative drawing (
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98DDC42F0FC660EC5" bold="true" box="[997,1010,921,938]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">B</emphasis>
|
||
), where dotted lines represent uncertain and/or interpolated interpretations. Blue lines indicate a fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98C1E42D9FDF70EAE" box="[551,611,944,961]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
which is partly overlaying the Darwin wasp fossil. One fore and the two hind wings have been moved up and down, respectively, for clarity. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3CA98AF3FFB1FFE98EBD475AFAC40A84" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="740CD978FFB1FFE98EBD475AFE810B22" blockId="14.[131,777,1587,1868]" box="[132,277,1587,1613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="740CD978FFB1FFE98EBD473AFE960B03" blockId="14.[131,777,1587,1868]" box="[132,258,1619,1644]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98EBD473AFE960B03" box="[132,258,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Preservation</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="740CD978FFB1FFE98EBD471BFD1C0A24" blockId="14.[131,777,1587,1868]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">
|
||
Lateral to dorso-lateral view. Head with first few segments of antennae. Mesosoma rather well preserved, including partial propodeal carination; all four wings nearly complete, all legs partially visible, often including claws. Metasoma almost complete; ovipositor sheaths nearly entirely preserved, with tip distinct. Partial
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3B3A2FBFFB1FFE98F69467BFE370A43" box="[336,419,1810,1836]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
fossil with wing fragment, partial legs and partial abdomen overlaying wasp fossil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="740CD978FFB1FFE98EBD4618FE2F0A84" blockId="14.[130,777,1905,2027]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98EBD4618FF4B0AE4" bold="true" box="[132,223,1905,1931]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="B34B749DFFB1FFE98EFA4618FF4B0AE4" box="[195,223,1905,1931]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" unit="mm" value="11.1">11</quantity>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98EDF4618FEB10AE4" bold="true" box="[230,293,1905,1931]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">1 mm</emphasis>
|
||
. Black or dark brown, orange on mouth parts, at least base of antennae, all legs including coxae and tarsi, metasoma from tergite 2, ovipositor sheaths dark brown; basal
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98EBB46BBFF070A84" box="[130,147,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">c.</emphasis>
|
||
3rd of pterostigma whitish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="740CD978FFB1FFE98D14453DFC2409E1" blockId="14.[813,1455,1108,1166]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98D14453DFCE40901" bold="true" box="[813,880,1108,1134]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Rather small and roundish, antenna with short scape and pedicel.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="740CD978FFB1FFE98D1445DDFBAD0A63" blockId="14.[811,1455,1204,1804]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98D1445DDFC3B09A1" bold="true" box="[813,943,1204,1230]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
|
||
Rather short and stout; deep notauli visible over at least a third of mesoscutum, a little converging but still far apart when they become invisible; scutellum rather short; mesopleuron at least with lower and probably also upper lateral portion of epicnemical carina visible. Propodeum about as long as high, with some distinct carination, corresponding to at least one transverse and a partial median longitudinal and pleural carinae. Fore wing
|
||
<quantity id="B34B749DFFB1FFE98D1444DAFC1C08A2" box="[813,904,1459,1486]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="657" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; areolet closed, quadrate, with uneven sides, 4-M very short, 2r-m a bit shorter than 3r-m; 2m-cu with two bullae, clearly bent outwards; pterostigma about 3.5 × longer than wide; 1cu-a meeting M + Cu slightly distal to 1-M; 3-Cu clearly longer than 2cu-a; radial cell 3.2 × longer than wide. Hind wing
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98A40473AFB1F0B03" box="[1145,1163,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">w</emphasis>
|
||
ith 1-Rs 1.5 × longer than 1rs-m, 1-Cu a little shorter than cu-a (counterpart), but end of the latter a bit uncertain.Legs all partially preserved, mostly with femora and tibiae rather indistinct, but tarsi visible even with claws, some of which vaguely show what is probably a basal lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="740CD978FFB1FFE98D14465BFAC40A84" blockId="14.[811,1457,1841,2028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98D14465BFC380A23" bold="true" box="[813,940,1842,1868]" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">Metasoma.</emphasis>
|
||
Rather stout, with T1 less than 1.5 × as long as wide, with strong median longitudinal carina converging at least on basal two-thirds; T2 transverse, less than 0.8 × as long as wide, remaining segments even shorter. Ovipositor sheaths
|
||
<emphasis id="46C7056AFFB1FFE98A3A46DBFB800AA4" box="[1027,1044,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="657">c.</emphasis>
|
||
0.25 × as long as fore wing, their tips partly open to allow extrusion of ovipositor tips.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |