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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="3228" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c2066dee-2111-439a-a34d-ac6a3ba961b2" ID-PMC="PMC8648713" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1073-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="11A72A5D9ABB5D7EA79F64A7CBEE2653" ID-PubMed="34949948" ID-ZooBank="39EF7BB81A4E45AAB7C7937ACB1DBD95" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1073-1" checkinTime="1638245625237" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bochud, Estee, Haberthuer, David, Hlushchuk, Ruslan &amp; Neubert, Eike" docDate="2021" docId="F6BA401D9CF25214A2270BEFC77053B8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1073: 1-12" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1073" docPubDate="2021-11-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241" docTitle="Diancta phoenix Bochud 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="12242324-0720-46A5-A9D6-0253E6140F10" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="11A72A5D9ABB5D7EA79F64A7CBEE2653" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="11A72A5D9ABB5D7EA79F64A7CBEE2653" masterDocTitle="A new Diancta species of the family Diplommatinidae (Cyclophoroidea) from Vanua Levu Island, Fiji" masterLastPageNumber="12" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732839661596" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="202DE738265B5C10630F9D681ECAA22D">A new Diancta species of the family Diplommatinidae (Cyclophoroidea) from Vanua Levu Island, Fiji</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="02EA90E589D248F986EA0B983A6B11D0" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="444251CD6FB3FE6B4F747BC8818F5095">Bochud, Estee</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3735B8CAECC163ECEDB48A62145E3CD5">Natural History Museum of the Burgergemeinde Bern, Bernastrasse 15, CH- 3005 Bern, Switzerland &amp; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, CH- 3012 Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1A5C069D9BAC4C0BCDAEC429284C386D">Haberthuer, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B85A9CB31FF981F317E55ED8C2B73E50" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3388-9187</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3092C875FC9744BEAEF87E05A0B83562">Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, CH- 3012 Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F6D5ACC52D0835B8A284B60A1C58552D">Hlushchuk, Ruslan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="249B2A470790F7B8FF8740D235566533">Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, CH- 3012 Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DE257E94EA6FA07C5310B7D38950886D">Neubert, Eike</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="28BA78B94DEE87D5C2639D41D5B01F71" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0277-2894</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8450D67D0A29F3C40251552F725C9B09">Natural History Museum of the Burgergemeinde Bern, Bernastrasse 15, CH- 3005 Bern, Switzerland &amp; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, CH- 3012 Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="61EE49DA27EDC88F9EDCC6314DC590B9">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8F263F86BC44ECFD5F5EBE4D11860D44">2021-11-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F5A774D8263349A95B5837C301A4E2C6">1073</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FB4845B39EB6C3E7345C3077CA521CF4">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BCF33649D2516AC72CFCAFEE5E92B1FE" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="F65C1748BCDDFDBB3D70BB896682B3C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="systematic part">
<treatment id="F6BA401D9CF25214A2270BEFC77053B8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190874562" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:12242324-0720-46A5-A9D6-0253E6140F10" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F6BA401D9CF25214A2270BEFC77053B8" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Diplommatinidae" scope_superFamily="Cyclophoroidea">
<subSubSection id="E99E6044CA194A9E183119DE4D7A7FA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="67E4669E28749AC20FE6A88668FD3C32" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="A02B35D20C688FAC396D6A50DC77ADE3" ID-CoL="8SMXG" LSID="http://zoobank.org/12242324-0720-46A5-A9D6-0253E6140F10" authority="Bochud" authorityName="Bochud" authorityYear="2021" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Diancta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diancta phoenix" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phoenix" status="sp. nov.">Diancta phoenix Bochud</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="331514233A2D403D3FE9202A1604C1EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0D43A29D81252FE82DF53BE4FE2B1C98" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="2EDA9F1605F4E629EC26C4AE881A080E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="496382D673579AACB01B4F33EBA9B7F4" captionStart="Figure 1A, B" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1 A, B. Diancta phoenix sp. nov. Holotype, MCZ 394198, SH = 2.59 mm A Different external views of the shell B Micro-CT views." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241.figure1a-b" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/615265" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="E016A2401F8328360025FCD972CFB03E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. original label from 1941 by Otto Degener and the interpreted label by MCZ, Harvard." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/615268" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">-4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="964A51FA4717C06B0349041E7586A32D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="256C24360FF299EF972078027CF599CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A3933A0F9FD23A1186D35BA2367F890" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Fiji, Cakaudrove Province, Vanua Levu Island, Vatumuvamode Mountain, Savusavu, -
<geoCoordinate id="188C50F516E9FF0C299BA2B9D98ED1C9" degrees="16.65" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="16.65">16.65°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A6697E412F3E088A7A8802243A313ADE" degrees="178.53" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="178.53">178.53°E</geoCoordinate>
63 m a.s.l. (original label text).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="25C921F0A6E828360B3ED9A4ACCD8544" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="F85B85A8BA44C7855F62F83E26B2F4F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4BBD84691683F38B4A492ABCDD664258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="D75F4974FDC9387AB3FBEFC4ECFCE199" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="17AA66F8A604D42297E5CABEA0FFCBB3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
MCZ 394198 ex coll. Otto Degener., leg. Otto Degener, 6.1.1941. 1 shell, SH = 2.59, SW = 2.85, AH = 1.34, AW = 1.57, W = 6.25. The protoconch and peristome are the only remaining parts of the broken shell.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="954D8D9ECA5F959CF633C4CB285A954E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="3A40DFE09625263D770FABE337FDAF38" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6769E51D68D1D43160E9377E074AC571" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The new species is named after the immortal saga bird that arises from its ashes. The species epithet is derived from the
<normalizedToken id="2392FC2C493AA35845A2CB09CBD1F9C2" originalValue="birds">bird's</normalizedToken>
name: Phoenix. It is a noun in apposition. Despite the broken holotype, this species is being kept
<normalizedToken id="EBB803A450AD73CCEC9D259E059E2741" originalValue="“alive”">&quot;alive&quot;</normalizedToken>
by pictures, 3D prints and Micro-CT scans.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A7C320D49FA52CE310E6D0175AC4B0D9" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241.figure1a-b" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/615265" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 1A, B" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="1C3A01765B72DA6DC528EF9EBD5E091A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="08EEF4B1C8C803198199276867362267" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 1A, B.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="618319922D2A0DF8045AA4A42AB906C5" authorityName="Bochud" authorityYear="2021" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Diancta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diancta phoenix" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phoenix">
<emphasis id="59FFBD75D023B6A057D01D932F5A0766" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diancta phoenix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Holotype, MCZ 394198, SH = 2.59 mm
<emphasis id="F01DAD98F6AC33B0DFE2C96108125079" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Different external views of the shell
<emphasis id="7FC79E98E56ABE330EDF6558A7E25933" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Micro-CT views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="4EBD4B0A51DE1822D093F12630EE5818" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241.figure2a-b" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/615266" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 2A, B" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="1BFECCBC1D30766364C7481787D6814C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="7C429B107FC3A8CEEABEFDF3F35A49CF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 2A, B.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4ED34689C3E9AD228DD09ACE65D5324E" authorityName="Bochud" authorityYear="2021" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Diancta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diancta phoenix" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phoenix">
<emphasis id="CF087B50D902B405D1C6AC60831A01A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diancta phoenix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., change in coiling axis by 45 degrees
<emphasis id="A587FF569EAEEBB6D273588034899C9E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Tilted view of the left coiled shell
<emphasis id="29CD2DFC9AD5F36DAF3067BCE7A9954E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Micro-CT picture, visualisation of the columella.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30B8D1BBD64E1F99E5AAC41F53FA7103" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="B2C3CDE38475957CDAD0EB3BEA4A3B44" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF43FD75D7638BDA8C3E168E19AC9D7F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">shell sinistral, tiny (SH = 2.59 mm); pyramidal shaped; consisting of 6.25 whorls separated by a shallow suture; protoconch dull, smooth, 2.5 whorls; surface of teleoconch shell with radially aligned, regularly and finely formed axial ribs; ribs slightly curved; last whorl bears sharper ribs, ribbing pattern less regular, with a larger spacing between ribs; whorls rapidly increasing in size, shell constricted after four whorls; constriction site prominent, forming a bulge situated one whorl behind the aperture at the umbilicus; change of coiling axis after zone of constriction, turning the shell 45 degrees upward towards the apex; aperture large, about half shell height, slightly oval shaped and attached to the shell; two visible teeth located in the aperture; one small upper palatal tooth, and opposite a somewhat elongated basal tooth; peristome simple and continuous; inside shell, above ventral bulge, with an elongated palatal lamella opposite the very narrow constriction; columellar plate reduced; umbilicus closed.</paragraph>
<caption id="47E6582B6CEA8D8DB8E165F0B2F12715" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241.figure3a-d" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/615267" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3AD" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="840960128B745D17C1BCF0D31CFE2C1E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="41083C5DBD704C7BC1E5D2E2F176F0FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3A-D.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8270386FDECB01AAC26CB099C68B0319" authorityName="Bochud" authorityYear="2021" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Diancta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diancta phoenix" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phoenix">
<emphasis id="0E841F05879F993C47125070D1C916FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diancta phoenix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., Micro-CT scans
<emphasis id="3553EC3E81C3E7C5E7142115BB5E90B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Zone of constriction with palatalis = pt
<emphasis id="7F778AFADFFB6092144213644FC6EDEB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Apertural teeth; palatal tooth (ptt) and basal tooth (bt) and palatalis
<emphasis id="8DAAA7311623D470C25DBDBF5A690DCF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
Additional view of the basal teeth and parietalis
<emphasis id="59A1C2D5F43217305E7C74C31E7670B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
Sectional planes through the shell to the corresponding letters
<emphasis id="E8030997615BC8693541CD6F129969BD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A*-C</emphasis>
*.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBE572752FD222467B2855948995F15B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="95C5FB4BF0F28000D906431E591F6E79" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1F19F3E22B719611ECDAE8C53051FFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species is known so far only from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8AD2A1E977AF40E2112426C30C3481A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="18917418495AB6772FD806CCA6025A18" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1E3E24EE2E0DB98079714D3AAAE3207" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
According to the original label (Fig.
<figureCitation id="EFF5423726A0C1F4979C8C06B191CDC4" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. original label from 1941 by Otto Degener and the interpreted label by MCZ, Harvard." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/615268" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
), the shell was found in a place interpreted as Vatumuvamode on Mount Savu Savu. Close to the city of Savusavu in the South of Vanua Levu, there is a hill named Suva Suva. On topographic Fijian maps dated 1985, this hill is called mount Nasuvasuva (352 m a.s.l.). We were unable to allocate the mountain Savu Savu or a place called Vatumuvamode. It is difficult to say whether
<normalizedToken id="7680A4A0310DA38D9B3CFDF9F55F9FBB" originalValue="Degeners">Degener's</normalizedToken>
Savu Savu is a misspelling of Nasuvasuva, or whether he meant another place. The exact meaning of Vatumuvamode is also unclear. In the northwestern part of the island, a place called Savu Sau exists. A path leads from there to the Vuadomo waterfalls, reminiscent of Vatumuvamode. Since the shell was found in 1941 during World War II, and at a period when Fiji was a British colony, it is very likely that names of the places changed since then, or it belongs to an old village or defence site that is not shown on maps. However, the label and its interpretation seem contradictory and unresolvable. Additional sampling of more localities is needed to locate the exact type locality of the new species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1927782CB7724F338CB5B22CF4EC007D" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/615268" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="CBBA36D50803337A7B1F17F26CB6155E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="2F1216851C8930F38E0311ECA633CD8E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
original label from 1941 by Otto Degener and the interpreted label by MCZ, Harvard.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3F9BCC5839174E6977CA67B8C6F80EC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The shell was already quite eroded. The boundary between the protoconch and teleoconch is not clearly visible, while several ribs are partially removed or degraded. There is also no recognizable colouring on the shell. Because other shell specimens and living animals of this species are lacking, it raises the question whether the specimen studied could be an aberrant shell of a species that has already been described. In any case, it is not possible to perform a comparative study on the morphology of shells, operculum, radula, and/or genitalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F55E2B05B8004438A8BE98D71C510827" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Other genera of
<taxonomicName id="6FEA17A47B56B912D3B72B8BE1B83960" authorityName="L. Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Diplommatinidae</taxonomicName>
with a directional change of the coiling axis include
<taxonomicName id="C01B25A10CF57A88D0A84FDC36E23AAD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Moussonia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Moussonia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCA99D953754DDBDAA1A9159FAD29566" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Moussonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
O. Semper, 1865,
<taxonomicName id="EBFD524FC2AA44173092C2925EAE5623" authorityName="W. T. Blanford &amp; H. F. Blanford" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Opisthostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opisthostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7180E94C82C13EDA1F0BAE03FF13E76F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Opisthostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
W. T. Blanford &amp; H. F. Blanford, 1860,
<taxonomicName id="CB88DE95E23D28142AC7320CDBF80A9F" authorityName="H. Adams" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Plectostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D773247617DB534E001C959585588415" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plectostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H. Adams, 1865, and
<taxonomicName id="9D7C97738C08D10A422D568D15DB9B0B" authorityName="T. -S. Liew &amp; Clements" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Whittenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Whittenia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="78893739911390CACBF1BBBCE7229C07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Whittenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
T.-S. Liew &amp; Clements, 2020.
<taxonomicName id="0360C07D957B11EAE35A007816BA7221" authorityName="Greke" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Moussonia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Moussonia monstrificabilis" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monstrificabilis">
<emphasis id="28F9879531F4B144C9ABB368308576B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Moussonia monstrificabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="CC424D2BF8D3CB86B624ECA45E1214C3" originalValue="Greķe">Greķe</normalizedToken>
, 2017 changes coiling direction from dextral to sinistral, which is not the case in the newly described species. The aperture in
<taxonomicName id="D5A1CA715EFC69CD2567580E90FFDE98" authorityName="W. T. Blanford &amp; H. F. Blanford" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Opisthostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opisthostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2F2C7B057BC7F12DE91A98866A144634" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Opisthostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
points towards the apex or the dorsal side of the shell due to an alteration in the coiling axis (
<bibRefCitation id="69B5123D52CBA965C9BBE23E7789D27C" author="Nurinsiyah, AS" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B20" refString="Nurinsiyah, AS, Hausdorf, B, 2017. Revision of the Diplommatinidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) from Java. Zootaxa 4312: e201." title="Revision of the Diplommatinidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) from Java. Zootaxa 4312: e 201." year="2017">Nurinsiyah and Hausdorf 2017</bibRefCitation>
). This is not seen in
<taxonomicName id="85F96989BE4031E1A837FE78FC3886B7" authorityName="Bochud" authorityYear="2021" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Diancta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diancta phoenix" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phoenix">
<emphasis id="EA3FC4F0F5936C9D1C0F7CAF103372CA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diancta phoenix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. In addition, the doubled peristome, mentioned in the original description of
<taxonomicName id="A57396F94552E6BE3C16A67CA3C80B9C" authorityName="W. T. Blanford &amp; H. F. Blanford" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Opisthostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opisthostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C26AE372E9505F7E5E9ED118CD15426A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Opisthostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Blanford (1860), is missing. Usually,
<taxonomicName id="ED8D38B7EA7C91E1B5697640E50C07D0" authorityName="H. Adams" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Plectostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6DE9BA0B52836165036C811348BDBD2C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plectostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a detached last whorl (
<bibRefCitation id="946432C4A37CB4DE2B1AE727E1AE680C" author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Helicinidae, Cyclophoridae, Diplommatinidae, Cochlostomatidae, Aciculidae, Tateidae, Terrestribythinellidae, Pomatiidae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B11" refString="Kobelt, W, 1902. 16 Das Tierreich: eine Zusammenstellung und Kennzeichnung der rezenten Tierformen: 16. R. Friedlaender und Sohn." title="16 Das Tierreich: eine Zusammenstellung und Kennzeichnung der rezenten Tierformen: 16. R. Friedlaender und Sohn." year="1902">Kobelt 1902</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="0934A64A8EEB23B37C1BF82B1DA13434" author="Egorov, RV" journalOrPublisher="Helicinidae, Cyclophoridae, Diplommatinidae, Cochlostomatidae, Aciculidae, Tateidae, Terrestribythinellidae, Pomatiidae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B7" refString="Egorov, RV, 2013. Treasure of Russian Shells. Supplement 3. A review of the genera of the terrestrial pectinibranch molluscs (synopsis mainly based on published data). Part III. Littoriniformes: Liareidae, Pupinidae, Diplommatinidae, Alycaeidae, Cochlostomidae. In: Roman Egorov. Moscow, 1-62." title="Treasure of Russian Shells. Supplement 3. A review of the genera of the terrestrial pectinibranch molluscs (synopsis mainly based on published data). Part III. Littoriniformes: Liareidae, Pupinidae, Diplommatinidae, Alycaeidae, Cochlostomidae. In: Roman Egorov. Moscow, 1 - 62." year="2013">Egorov 2013</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="376B9B118D3376A5F805F3AB0CB941C6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.383" author="Liew, TS" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B16" refString="Liew, TS, Kok, A, Schilthuizen, M, Urdy, S, 2014b. On growth and form of irregular coiled-shell of a terrestrial snail: Plectostoma concinnum (Fulton, 1901) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Diplommatinidae). PeerJ 2: e383. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.383" title="On growth and form of irregular coiled-shell of a terrestrial snail: Plectostoma concinnum (Fulton, 1901) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Diplommatinidae). PeerJ 2: e 383." url="https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.383" year="2014 b">Liew et al. 2014b</bibRefCitation>
) and an &quot;extraordinary prolongation backwards of the free portion&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="A3C84897B0F603A3D9DFBD1DE8CE519D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936508681785" author="Adams, H" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="177 - 177" refId="B1" refString="Adams, H, 1865. Description of a new genus of Land-Shells from the Island of Labuan, Borneo. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History 15: 177 - 177, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936508681785" title="Description of a new genus of Land-Shells from the Island of Labuan, Borneo." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936508681785" volume="15" year="1865">Adams 1865</bibRefCitation>
). This is not the case for
<taxonomicName id="98955330CD27E793C1BB79146577782E" lsidName="D. phoenix" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="phoenix">
<emphasis id="09FAE8C51C708F2D547F0FADCC3CBCDC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. phoenix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<bibRefCitation id="0C3A3F8667496F639CD120D8008CCF35" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157069" author="Liew, TS" journalOrPublisher="The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="143 - 148" refId="B14" refString="Liew, TS, Gopalasamy, R, 2020. Whittenia, a new genus of land snails from Perak, Peninsular Malaysia (Gastropoda: Diplommatinidae). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 35: 143 - 148, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157069" title="Whittenia, a new genus of land snails from Perak, Peninsular Malaysia (Gastropoda: Diplommatinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157069" volume="35" year="2020">Liew and Gopalasamy (2020)</bibRefCitation>
described the new genus
<taxonomicName id="747898AA6C21FBD8EAFE69C71B77218E" authorityName="T. -S. Liew &amp; Clements" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Whittenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Whittenia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CCC5A7ACBA7731C112E5A7E8DB87DE0F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Whittenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which conchologically resembles
<taxonomicName id="0C812C6457D17CA7959616D2A69853F1" authorityName="W. T. Blanford &amp; H. F. Blanford" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Opisthostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opisthostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A3D9DEFD4B23E6DDAB7ECD549EB1273B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Opisthostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs by the outer whorl being raised above the level of the apex, and distinguishing it also from our specimen. None of these character state combinations applies to the new species. In contrast, the penultimate whorl of the shell is constricted, as originally described by von
<bibRefCitation id="791FF8C0673A55B70FE832C062679D2C" author="Martens, E von" journalOrPublisher="Monatsberichte der Koeniglichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="116 - 121" refId="B17" refString="Martens, E von, 1864. Ueber neue Cyclostomaceen und Helicinen aus dem indischen Archipel. Monatsberichte der Koeniglichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1864: 116 - 121" title="Ueber neue Cyclostomaceen und Helicinen aus dem indischen Archipel." volume="1864" year="1864">Martens (1864)</bibRefCitation>
for the genus
<taxonomicName id="628E2E8FACB107C1E3567C7E26E87D1A" authorityName="E. v. Martens" authorityYear="1864" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Diancta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diancta" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="533CA900C25A997BF418F53C949EC901" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diancta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Due to the upward bend in coiling, the last whorl wraps once again around the constricted whorl and gives a pyramidal appearance to the shell. In
<taxonomicName id="9738D7E45E11CEC7413DD45568D56E54" authorityName="W. T. Blanford &amp; H. F. Blanford" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Opisthostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opisthostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="812B3237406B632A42149CF9A670E4CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Opisthostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4E45532C979BE167B38A1DEF9D80A3A5" authorityName="H. Adams" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Plectostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C13481BB68F3AD10DBA48C5B65486A05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plectostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the coiling axis changes, but, more importantly, the aperture ends detached from the shell or points in an upwards or other direction to that of the shell axis. For this reason, we assign the new species to
<taxonomicName id="B192C8A373FF2D71B13D9B9CB6881B84" authorityName="E. v. Martens" authorityYear="1864" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Diancta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diancta" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3D53B012385FD655F93E753621DC36E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diancta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F80692A4660203F7371F89D7C82ECD48" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F4CB56322C77E10A0DFCC0BE883DE358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4FF42FAD023D0CC1D4389F3A6B0A38F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Applying the key of
<bibRefCitation id="8040CB1E2112876C4D366F2BB492415D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.487.8463" author="Neubert, E" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 85" refId="B19" refString="Neubert, E, Bouchet, P, 2015. The Diplommatinidae of Fiji - a hotspot of Pacific land snail biodiversity (Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoroidea). ZooKeys 487: 1 - 85, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.487.8463" title="The Diplommatinidae of Fiji - a hotspot of Pacific land snail biodiversity (Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoroidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.487.8463" volume="487" year="2015">Neubert and Bouchet (2015)</bibRefCitation>
to the new species, identification attempts lead to the species
<taxonomicName id="628A095B578F00EB2E8D89697CF20F1F" lsidName="D. rotunda" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rotunda">
<emphasis id="F78206FE14A8F5C7683B4823096D0548" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. rotunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Neubert &amp; Bouchet, 2015, due to the sinistral shell and reduced columellar plate. This species has a small palatal fold deep in the aperture and a shell height of 2.6 mm in the same size range as
<taxonomicName id="7914024B5A3BB4249D764EC313E89F78" lsidName="D. phoenix" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="phoenix">
<emphasis id="916FC1670ACBFB78F366ECD77192EC2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. phoenix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., but it clearly differs by its quite bulbous penultimate whorl. Other species that are similar in size are
<taxonomicName id="997E9D7FC65B345EA03D32A022E79B82" lsidName="D. macrostoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrostoma">
<emphasis id="ED2FA0A7D41BC76764AF426EC5625245" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. macrostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Mousson, 1870) and
<taxonomicName id="C6F2BBF7F414D84000DD84B0F6CBEFD0" lsidName="D. martensi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="martensi">
<emphasis id="EE1E0C9A6D84B79B6D7A8D66F760C955" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. martensi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(H. Adams, 1866). With their strongly ascending last whorl, these two species are reminiscent of an incipient change in the coiling axis, as is the case for the newly described species. However, the missing shell features in the new species are the alteration of the coiling axis and the presence of frontally visible apertural teeth. The peristome of
<taxonomicName id="DCAD8E183CA5CAD361E920F72971F26D" authorityName="Bochud" authorityYear="2021" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Diancta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diancta phoenix" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phoenix">
<emphasis id="F359E7D17FBCF1EE9E64BD7D397B1965" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diancta phoenix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is simple and not doubled as in the other described species (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A07B56294AD3DD35BA24C3EACFC5E286" captionStart="Figure 5AD" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5 A-D. Comparison of D. phoenix sp. nov. with other Fijian species A D. phoenix sp. nov., with simple peristome, SH = 2.59 mm B D. rotunda Neubert and Bouchet, 2015, with bulbous penultimate whorl, SH = 2.65 mm C D. macrostoma (Mousson, 1870), SH = 2.84 mm and D D. martensi (H. Adams, 1866), SH = 2.62 mm, with strong ascending last whorl and double peristome." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241.figure5a-d" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/615269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="035EFA0D35522AB8DBDA872B2CEAB71D" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241.figure5a-d" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/615269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5AD" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="ED09D37E0631BFF04BB0934A58ACB3EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="6CB01BA179E797D8570BF33849406F31" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5A-D.</emphasis>
Comparison of
<taxonomicName id="49760FDA209A25A9725E7FC73E379D73" lsidName="D. phoenix" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="phoenix">
<emphasis id="2F62D863C2CA776B216C8E992422EBA0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. phoenix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. with other Fijian species
<emphasis id="CAEE3CC35D2108DCD7CE28609AFB9E3C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BEED11F9C6E7EBD637163D9192A82D7A" lsidName="D. phoenix" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="phoenix">
<emphasis id="B38534CFF34D52B3B51DD051A8A6DBBB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. phoenix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., with simple peristome, SH = 2.59 mm
<emphasis id="36E040C4FC1731CD56372708D5581727" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="598C890A0B3E28AB4DF4770C1F98CC70" lsidName="D. rotunda" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rotunda">
<emphasis id="1C26F7687CD307C761A626F246C48646" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. rotunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Neubert and Bouchet, 2015, with bulbous penultimate whorl, SH = 2.65 mm
<emphasis id="4DF974241729F741CCE729F1D93C6BCB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2364587B60F294AAA6C79F67F6E3694A" lsidName="D. macrostoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrostoma">
<emphasis id="9C40FF820CB7D6FC238ABA6B1A6BB1F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. macrostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Mousson, 1870), SH = 2.84 mm and
<emphasis id="6EDBBFA24B4FC04F3F1A60B6EEB2988E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="83775264D7C78F7EAC44611FC9770F71" lsidName="D. martensi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="martensi">
<emphasis id="D326DF160CD27AFE997CA47CC2775A47" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. martensi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(H. Adams, 1866), SH = 2.62 mm, with strong ascending last whorl and double peristome.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="63B4FCB13E140978F909E6B72EB0C660" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Several species of Fijian
<taxonomicName id="4C2816FD2D0844A5B0374612657FD912" authorityName="E. v. Martens" authorityYear="1864" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Diancta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diancta" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="716F39F0710DBAE440E6494F90E27D5E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diancta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, like
<taxonomicName id="0F24761881B1785C90E8B29A9D6AA84C" lsidName="D. macrostoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrostoma">
<emphasis id="0FF1A532083650B778C0DB4329ADE66C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. macrostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FF21F1DC2CF292A544230C975E0B0F44" lsidName="D. martensi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="martensi">
<emphasis id="7B11FA33FB33BDD04CFC01CE88F0E465" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. martensi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, share a strong ascending last whorl and a similar ribbing pattern.
<taxonomicName id="A020C8F8002FC4732A7C2C6DC22B213C" authorityName="Bochud" authorityYear="2021" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Diancta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diancta phoenix" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phoenix">
<emphasis id="535CE39F7918B57AF8082CC1E610BF37" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diancta phoenix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is distinguished from all Fijian species by the clear coiling axis twist of 45 degrees, the presence of a simple peristome, the umbilical bulge, its simple columella and the two teeth present in the aperture. To evaluate the variability of these traits, more specimens must be sampled. Changes in the coiling axis are documented for different snail groups and seem to have independently evolved several times (
<bibRefCitation id="7DF0FD4B3C960C322FFD6E7FBC6CDB85" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.918.50135" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="29 - 40" refId="B21" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, Neubauer, TA, 2020. The value of a single character: the Paleogene European land snail Ferussina Grateloup, 1827 is likely a cyclophorid (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda). ZooKeys 918: 29 - 40, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.918.50135" title="The value of a single character: the Paleogene European land snail Ferussina Grateloup, 1827 is likely a cyclophorid (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.918.50135" volume="918" year="2020">
<normalizedToken id="5E4D18FDF5D26E584F4B9E55B04D43C5" originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
and Neubauer 2020
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>