210 lines
30 KiB
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210 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="D7420121419DEB711B6CD55EF45DCE91" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5169696" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5169696" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628280008080" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Austin, George T. & Mielke, Olaf H. H." docDate="2008" docId="F3788781FFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE6AAF90D" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0044.1-56.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2008 (44)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:A87B5EC635B7D5A430FC1D805C706BD1.3:InsectaMundi.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="A87B5EC635B7D5A430FC1D805C706BD1" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Porphyrogenes simulator Austin and Mielke 2008, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="0F41FFF9FFA1FFE15B19FFBEE74CFFF6" masterDocTitle="Hesperiidae of Rondônia, Brazil: Porphyrogenes Watson (Lepidoptera: Pyrginae: Eudamini), with descriptions of new species from Central and South America" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1699039468057" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B78ACA961D9EEFE72F9154BBD417B24D">
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<mods:title id="5C073EAEDE9349D30A0B5981E1DBB893">Hesperiidae of Rondônia, Brazil: Porphyrogenes Watson (Lepidoptera: Pyrginae: Eudamini), with descriptions of new species from Central and South America</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8318AB16072DF2B2B359789665F7DC81" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="85E5A9AC3CC558CFAD4D047A5D3A1EDD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="833EF0B9F2A5802565F774A2DC427C2D">Austin, George T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7BC5643FFA086E29F8F7E6DEFEFFE999">McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida P. O. Box 112710, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="17E236E54C4AB88CE9F8880B7E4C73A2">Mielke, Olaf H. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F8DBD5650850A6FE35B0F13BC89E60CF">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, 81531 - 980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Fellow CNPq.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="29AC70F9089BAB305894C56E57054F77">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="12201B14DE16EF1AB0688E3B6ED154DB">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C47D7E5927E2202F2DBA6146F81F621C">
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<mods:date id="083D2835429897DCBC94A83430D854BF">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="86D84E02764B09D27002132E7599DA0E">2008-09-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3AB8C4B7B441F52A1D2469682CA6B0E8">2008</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9D9445ED74691FD40E0FE58385F427B7">44</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="39A43D97E037981AA6136FFAAFB17DAE">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CBCCA20602042D88ACD99FF2F262359E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5169696</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B622CD1453C1866E27CE5BE380A0CA90" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F3788781FFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE6AAF90D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184955" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5184955" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3788781FFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE6AAF90D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F3788781FFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE6AAF90D" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE484FEAD" box="[192,968,323,347]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE484FEAD" blockId="24.[192,968,323,347]" box="[192,968,323,347]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<heading id="202681FBFFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE484FEAD" bold="true" box="[192,968,323,347]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE484FEAD" bold="true" box="[192,968,323,347]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE455FEAD" authority="Austin and Mielke" authorityName="Austin and Mielke" authorityYear="2008" box="[192,793,323,347]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulator" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE554FEAD" bold="true" box="[192,536,323,347]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Porphyrogenes simulator</emphasis>
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Austin and Mielke
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="529657FEFFB9FFF9583CFEFDE484FEAD" box="[805,968,323,347]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFB9FFF95BD9FEDDE696FB0D" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BD9FEDDE68BFE8D" blockId="24.[192,455,355,379]" box="[192,455,355,379]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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(
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFB9FFF95BD0FEDDE600FE8D" box="[201,332,355,379]" captionStart="Figure 83-100" captionStartId="47.[197,281,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[289,1341,221,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-15@47.[256,1377,194,1688]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 83-100. Porphyrogenes (ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface). 83) undescribed species, male, COSTA RICA: Ciudad Colon, Finca Hamadryas, 15 September 1998, ds. 84) same, vs. 85) P. convexus, holotype male, data in text; 86) same, vs. 87) P. splendidus, holotype male, data in text, ds. 88) same, vs. 89) P. simulator, holotype male, data in text, ds. 90) same, vs. 91) P. spadix, holotype male, data in text, ds. 92) same, vs. 93) P. sparus, holotype male, data in text, ds. 94) same, vs. 95) P. specularis, holotype male, data in text, ds. 96) same, vs. 97) P. spina, holotype male, data in text, ds. 98) same, vs. 99) P. sporta, holotype male, data in text, ds. 100) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169708/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 89, 90</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFB9FFF95A4FFEDDE6C9FE8D" box="[342,389,355,379]" captionStart="Figure 124-128" captionStartId="50.[192,276,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[198,1431,235,1320]" captionTargetId="figure-18@50.[193,1443,194,1361]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Figure 124-128. Venation and some secondary sexual characters of male Porphyrogenes. Shown is ventral surface including modification of vein 2A and extent of speculum on ventral forewing (irregular line in CuA -2A and anal 2 cell) and origins of veins on hindwing. Insert is of anterior portion of dorsal hindwing showing hair-like tufts. 124) P. zohra, HONDURAS (GTA #8903); 125) P. convexus, holotype, BRAZIL:Rondônia (GTA #2760); 126) P. splendidus, holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4182); 127) P. simulator, holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4181); 128) P. spadix, holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3894)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169716" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169716/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">127</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFB9FFF95A89FEDDE6F1FE8D" box="[400,445,355,379]" captionStart="Figure 146-151" captionStartId="54.[192,276,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[272,1352,197,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-17@54.[269,1361,191,1647]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Figure 146-151. Male genitalia of Porphyrogenes; shown are lateral view of uncus, gnathos, tegumen, and saccus; dorsal view of uncus and tegumen; ventral view of uncus and gnathos; juxta; lateral view (with extended vesica) and often dorsal view of aedeagus; internal lateral view of right valva (inset shows the flattened harpe). 146) P. simulator, holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4181); 147) P. spadix, holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3894); 148) P. sparus (also including anterior view of harpe), holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3928); 149) P. specularis, holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3589); 150) P. spina, holotype, PANAMA (GTA #8905); 151) P. sporta, holotype, COLOMBIA (GTA #4180)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169724/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">146</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BE9FE1DE310FD2D" blockId="24.[192,1441,419,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF95BE9FE1DE6D0FE4D" bold="true" box="[240,412,419,443]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Description.</emphasis>
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Male (
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFB9FFF95AE9FE1DE53EFE4D" box="[496,626,419,443]" captionStart="Figure 83-100" captionStartId="47.[197,281,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[289,1341,221,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-15@47.[256,1377,194,1688]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 83-100. Porphyrogenes (ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface). 83) undescribed species, male, COSTA RICA: Ciudad Colon, Finca Hamadryas, 15 September 1998, ds. 84) same, vs. 85) P. convexus, holotype male, data in text; 86) same, vs. 87) P. splendidus, holotype male, data in text, ds. 88) same, vs. 89) P. simulator, holotype male, data in text, ds. 90) same, vs. 91) P. spadix, holotype male, data in text, ds. 92) same, vs. 93) P. sparus, holotype male, data in text, ds. 94) same, vs. 95) P. specularis, holotype male, data in text, ds. 96) same, vs. 97) P. spina, holotype male, data in text, ds. 98) same, vs. 99) P. sporta, holotype male, data in text, ds. 100) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169708/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 89, 90</figureCitation>
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) - forewing length = 25.2 mm (
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<typeStatus id="A46A8835FFB9FFF958F1FE1DE31AFE4D" box="[1000,1110,419,443]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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); forewing with costal fold, apex slightly produced, pointed, termen and anal margin nearly straight; hindwing termen nearly straight, tornus produced to short lobe, vein Rs arising nearer to end of discal cell than to its base and just basad of CuA
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<subScript id="E75534D2FFB9FFF95BEFFDADE7B3FDD4" attach="left" box="[246,255,531,546]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">2</subScript>
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(
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFB9FFF95A14FDBDE623FDED" box="[269,367,515,539]" captionStart="Figure 124-128" captionStartId="50.[192,276,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[198,1431,235,1320]" captionTargetId="figure-18@50.[193,1443,194,1361]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Figure 124-128. Venation and some secondary sexual characters of male Porphyrogenes. Shown is ventral surface including modification of vein 2A and extent of speculum on ventral forewing (irregular line in CuA -2A and anal 2 cell) and origins of veins on hindwing. Insert is of anterior portion of dorsal hindwing showing hair-like tufts. 124) P. zohra, HONDURAS (GTA #8903); 125) P. convexus, holotype, BRAZIL:Rondônia (GTA #2760); 126) P. splendidus, holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4182); 127) P. simulator, holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4181); 128) P. spadix, holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3894)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169716" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169716/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 127</figureCitation>
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); dorsum brown, unmarked; forewing overscaled with orange-brown, heaviest basad, anal margin with sparse tuft proximad; hindwing overscaled with orange-brown posterior to vein Rs; shining gray speculum in anterior discal cell (as relatively large area), proximal 1/3 of Sc+R
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<subScript id="E75534D2FFB9FFF95F83FDEDE3EFFD94" attach="left" box="[1178,1187,595,610]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">1</subScript>
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-Rs, and proximal 1/4 of costal cell; moderately long ochreous-tan recumbent tuft near base of Sc+R
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<subScript id="E75534D2FFB9FFF95F7EFDCDE33CFD74" attach="left" box="[1127,1136,627,642]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">1</subScript>
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-Rs covering speculum in that cell, slightly thicker semierect ochreous-tan tuft arising from near base of discal cell covering speculum in discal cell (
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFB9FFF95A83FD1DE6B3FD4D" box="[410,511,675,699]" captionStart="Figure 124-128" captionStartId="50.[192,276,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[198,1431,235,1320]" captionTargetId="figure-18@50.[193,1443,194,1361]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Figure 124-128. Venation and some secondary sexual characters of male Porphyrogenes. Shown is ventral surface including modification of vein 2A and extent of speculum on ventral forewing (irregular line in CuA -2A and anal 2 cell) and origins of veins on hindwing. Insert is of anterior portion of dorsal hindwing showing hair-like tufts. 124) P. zohra, HONDURAS (GTA #8903); 125) P. convexus, holotype, BRAZIL:Rondônia (GTA #2760); 126) P. splendidus, holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4182); 127) P. simulator, holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4181); 128) P. spadix, holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3894)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169716" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169716/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 127</figureCitation>
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); conspicuous erect orange-brown tuft along anterior edge of vein 2A, recumbent gray-brown tuft from posterior edge of 2A; fringes on both wings brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BE9FD5AE2ECFCAD" blockId="24.[192,1441,419,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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Venter similar to dorsum, duller and browner; forewing vein 2A strongly sinuate but otherwise unmodified (
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFB9FFF95A2EFCBDE6D6FCED" box="[311,410,771,795]" captionStart="Figure 124-128" captionStartId="50.[192,276,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[198,1431,235,1320]" captionTargetId="figure-18@50.[193,1443,194,1361]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Figure 124-128. Venation and some secondary sexual characters of male Porphyrogenes. Shown is ventral surface including modification of vein 2A and extent of speculum on ventral forewing (irregular line in CuA -2A and anal 2 cell) and origins of veins on hindwing. Insert is of anterior portion of dorsal hindwing showing hair-like tufts. 124) P. zohra, HONDURAS (GTA #8903); 125) P. convexus, holotype, BRAZIL:Rondônia (GTA #2760); 126) P. splendidus, holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4182); 127) P. simulator, holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4181); 128) P. spadix, holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3894)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169716" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169716/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 127</figureCitation>
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); shining gray-tan speculum in proximal 1/4 of CuA
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<subScript id="E75534D2FFB9FFF958E7FCADE34BFCD4" attach="left" box="[1022,1031,787,802]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">2</subScript>
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-2A (continued to just beyond midwing as modified brown scales) and in proximal 1/2 of anal cell (continued to tornus as modified pale tan scales); hindwing with no indication of discal macules; cell 2A-3A with deep groove just caudad of vein 2A.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BE9FCDDE6CCFC2D" blockId="24.[192,1441,419,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Dorsal head and thorax orange-brown, palpi dark gray, eyes red, antennae black, yellow on venter distad, apiculus missing from both antennae, ventral thorax brown, pectus medium gray-tan, legs ochreous-brown, dorsal abdomen brown, gray at segments, overscaled with orange-brown, ventral abdomen charcoal brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BE9FC5DE27BFB2D" blockId="24.[192,1441,419,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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Genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFB9FFF95A68FC5DE698FC0D" box="[369,468,995,1019]" captionStart="Figure 146-151" captionStartId="54.[192,276,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[272,1352,197,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-17@54.[269,1361,191,1647]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Figure 146-151. Male genitalia of Porphyrogenes; shown are lateral view of uncus, gnathos, tegumen, and saccus; dorsal view of uncus and tegumen; ventral view of uncus and gnathos; juxta; lateral view (with extended vesica) and often dorsal view of aedeagus; internal lateral view of right valva (inset shows the flattened harpe). 146) P. simulator, holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4181); 147) P. spadix, holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3894); 148) P. sparus (also including anterior view of harpe), holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3928); 149) P. specularis, holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3589); 150) P. spina, holotype, PANAMA (GTA #8905); 151) P. sporta, holotype, COLOMBIA (GTA #4180)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169724/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 146</figureCitation>
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) - tegumen broad and quadrate in lateral and dorsal views, long, thin and almost dorsally oriented process from each side of caudal end, tuft single and sparse; uncus decurved in lateral view, divided in dorsal view, arms widely spaced, short and broad, ventral process of uncus thin; gnathos shorter than uncus, terminal ends rounded in ventral view; combined ventral arms from tegumen and dorsal arms from saccus curved; saccus broad, long, oriented dorso-cephalad; valva with costa-ampulla broadly rounded, curving ventro-caudad to harpe, harpe long, broad cephalad, curving irregularly upward and inward to blunt and dentate caudal end oriented nearly dorsad; aedeagus approximately length of valva, broad with blunt caudal end; cornuti as two rows of long, slightly curved, thin spikes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BE9FB5DE696FB0D" blockId="24.[192,1441,419,1787]" box="[240,474,1251,1275]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Female - unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFB9FFF95BE9FABDE4C4FA2D" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BE9FABDE54CFA6D" blockId="24.[192,1441,419,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF95BE9FABDE670FAED" bold="true" box="[240,316,1283,1307]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Type.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="CBB93CCAFFB9FFF95A59FABDE38CFAAD" collectionCode="GTA" collectorName="J. Steinbach & Apr. & Carn. Mus. & Acc. & Genitalic Vial" country="Bolivia" elevation="400" location="Buenavista" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="400" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="A46A8835FFB9FFF95A59FABDE6E1FAED" box="[320,429,1283,1307]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male with the following labels: white, printed - /
|
||
<location id="7E0E604CFFB9FFF958F4FABDE336FAED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3788781FFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE6AAF90D:7E0E604CFFB9FFF958F4FABDE336FAED" box="[1005,1146,1283,1307]" country="Bolivia" name="Buenavista" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Buenavista</location>
|
||
, / E.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="03C67607FFB9FFF95FA9FABDE244FAED" box="[1200,1288,1283,1307]" name="Bolivia" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, / Alt.
|
||
<specimenCount id="6DD7FD1EFFB9FFF95E49FABDE2ECFAED" box="[1360,1440,1283,1307]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="BC299B72FFB9FFF95E49FABDE2D0FAED" box="[1360,1436,1283,1307]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="400.0">
|
||
<elevation id="F0FCD1A4FFB9FFF95E49FABDE2D0FAED" box="[1360,1436,1283,1307]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="D6245341FFB9FFF95BD4FA9AE628FACD" box="[205,356,1315,1339]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">J. Steinbach</collectorName>
|
||
/; white, printed and handprinted - /
|
||
<collectorName id="D6245341FFB9FFF95806FA9DE419FACD" box="[799,853,1315,1339]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Apr.</collectorName>
|
||
/ 1915 /; white, printed - /
|
||
<collectorName id="D6245341FFB9FFF95F92FA9DE25FFACD" box="[1163,1299,1315,1339]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Carn. Mus.</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="D6245341FFB9FFF95E3FFA9DE215FACD" box="[1318,1369,1315,1339]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Acc.</collectorName>
|
||
5570. /; white, printed and handprinted - /
|
||
<collectorName id="D6245341FFB9FFF959B9FAFDE41CFAAD" box="[672,848,1347,1371]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Genitalic Vial</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectionCode id="1DC0AE52FFB9FFF95877FAFDE4E4FAAD" box="[878,936,1347,1371]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">GTA</collectionCode>
|
||
- 4181 /; red, printed
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
- /
|
||
<materialsCitation id="CBB93CCAFFB9FFF95FE8FAFDE6B0FA6D" collectorName="Austin & Mielke" country="Bolivia" location="Carnegie Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A46A8835FFB9FFF95FE8FAFDE2C1FAAD" box="[1265,1421,1347,1371]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFB9FFF95BD9FADDE6B9FA8D" authorityName="Austin and Mielke" authorityYear="2008" box="[192,501,1379,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulator">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF95BD9FADDE6B9FA8D" box="[192,501,1379,1403]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Porphyrogenes simulator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="D6245341FFB9FFF95913FADDE512FA8D" box="[522,606,1379,1403]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Austin</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="D6245341FFB9FFF9599BFADDE59BFA8D" box="[642,727,1379,1403]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Mielke</collectorName>
|
||
/. Deposited at the
|
||
<location id="7E0E604CFFB9FFF958D1FADDE2D0FA8D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3788781FFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE6AAF90D:7E0E604CFFB9FFF958D1FADDE2D0FA8D" box="[968,1436,1379,1403]" country="Bolivia" name="Carnegie Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Carnegie Museum of Natural History</location>
|
||
, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BE9FA1DE4C4FA2D" blockId="24.[192,1441,419,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="CBB93CCAFFB9FFF95BE9FA1DE4C9FA2D" country="Bolivia" elevation="400" location="Buenavista" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF95BE9FA1DE6E2FA4D" bold="true" box="[240,430,1443,1467]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A46A8835FFB9FFF95BE9FA1DE679FA4D" box="[240,309,1443,1467]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="03C67607FFB9FFF95AAFFA1DE57DFA4D" box="[438,561,1443,1467]" name="Bolivia" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="7E0E604CFFB9FFF95924FA1DE581FA4D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3788781FFB9FFF95BD9FEFDE6AAF90D:7E0E604CFFB9FFF95924FA1DE581FA4D" box="[573,717,1443,1467]" country="Bolivia" name="Buenavista" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Buenavista</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="BC299B72FFB9FFF959C2FA1DE453FA4D" box="[731,799,1443,1467]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="400.0">
|
||
<elevation id="F0FCD1A4FFB9FFF959C2FA1DE453FA4D" box="[731,799,1443,1467]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="400.0">400m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
in elevation. As noted above,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFB9FFF95F83FA1DE2ECFA4D" author="Johnson, K. & R. C. Eisele & B. MacPherson" box="[1178,1440,1443,1467]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 77" refId="ref35894" refString="Johnson, K., R. C. Eisele, and B. MacPherson. 1990. The " hairstreak butterflies " (Lycaenidae, Theclinae) of northwestern Argentina. II. Strymon, sensu stricto. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 130: 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1990">Johnson et al. (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
commented on data associated with Steinbach’s specimens
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFB9FFF95BE9FA5DE56EF9ED" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BE9FA5DE56EF9ED" blockId="24.[192,1441,419,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF95BE9FA5DE6C1FA0D" bold="true" box="[240,397,1507,1531]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name means “imitator” and refers to this species’ similarity to several other species, especially the preceding.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFB9FFF95BE9F99DE3D1F9CD" box="[240,1181,1571,1595]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BE9F99DE3D1F9CD" blockId="24.[192,1441,419,1787]" box="[240,1181,1571,1595]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF95BE9F99DE53AF9CD" bold="true" box="[240,630,1571,1595]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Distribution and phenology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="A46A8835FFB9FFF95F32F99DE3D5F9CD" box="[1067,1177,1571,1595]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFB9FFF95BE9F9FDE6AAF90D" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFB9FFF95BE9F9FDE6AAF90D" blockId="24.[192,1441,419,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF95BE9F9FDE517F9AD" bold="true" box="[240,603,1603,1627]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis and discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFB9FFF9597DF9FDE4D7F9AD" authorityName="Austin and Mielke" authorityYear="2008" box="[612,923,1603,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulator">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF9597DF9FDE4D7F9AD" box="[612,923,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Porphyrogenes simulator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is another large and bright species. It is generally similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFB9FFF95AA6F9DAE524F98D" authorityName="Austin and Mielke" authorityYear="2008" box="[447,616,1635,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF95AA6F9DAE524F98D" box="[447,616,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">P. splendidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but is smaller, vein Rs arises just before CuA
|
||
<subScript id="E75534D2FFB9FFF95FADF9CDE3F1F974" attach="left" box="[1204,1213,1651,1666]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">2</subScript>
|
||
(well before on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFB9FFF95E9EF9DAE609F96D" authorityName="Austin and Mielke" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFB9FFF95E9EF9DAE609F96D" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">P. splendidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), has a considerably less extensive specular area on the costa of the dorsal hindwing, and has darker palpi, a grayer pectus, and browner legs. The genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFB9FFF958A4F91DE36CF94D" box="[957,1056,1699,1723]" captionStart="Figure 146-151" captionStartId="54.[192,276,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[272,1352,197,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-17@54.[269,1361,191,1647]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Figure 146-151. Male genitalia of Porphyrogenes; shown are lateral view of uncus, gnathos, tegumen, and saccus; dorsal view of uncus and tegumen; ventral view of uncus and gnathos; juxta; lateral view (with extended vesica) and often dorsal view of aedeagus; internal lateral view of right valva (inset shows the flattened harpe). 146) P. simulator, holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4181); 147) P. spadix, holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3894); 148) P. sparus (also including anterior view of harpe), holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3928); 149) P. specularis, holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3589); 150) P. spina, holotype, PANAMA (GTA #8905); 151) P. sporta, holotype, COLOMBIA (GTA #4180)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169724/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 146</figureCitation>
|
||
) also differ in the orientation of the processes of the tegumen, the length of the saccus, and particularly in the structure of the valvae (compare with
|
||
<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFB9FFF95A6DF95DE695F90D" box="[372,473,1763,1787]" captionStart="Figure 140-145" captionStartId="53.[193,277,1693,1715]" captionTargetBox="[286,1354,216,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-137@53.[266,1371,194,1665]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 140-145. Male genitalia of Porphyrogenes; shown are lateral view of uncus, gnathos, tegumen, and saccus; dorsal view of uncus and tegumen; ventral view of uncus and gnathos; juxta; lateral view (with extended vesica) and often dorsal view of aedeagus; internal lateral view of right valva (inset shows the flattened harpe). 140) P. sororcula, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3493); 141) P. spanda (also including posterior view of harpe), BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3225); 142) P. stresa (also including posterior view of harpe), BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #3927); 143) P. zohra (also including posterior view of harpe), HONDURAS (GTA #8903); 144) P. convexus, holotype, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #2760); 145) P. splendidus (also including interior view of left valva), holotype, BOLIVIA (GTA #4182)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169722/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 145</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |