311 lines
46 KiB
XML
311 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="262095C5538051E2A851013CB2B9D8B5" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5169696" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5169696" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628280008080" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Austin, George T. & Mielke, Olaf H. H." docDate="2008" docId="F3788781FFADFFEF5BD9FA3DE476FEAD" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0044.1-56.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2008 (44)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:A87B5EC635B7D5A430FC1D805C706BD1.3:InsectaMundi.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="A87B5EC635B7D5A430FC1D805C706BD1" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Porphyrogenes vulpecula" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="0F41FFF9FFA1FFE15B19FFBEE74CFFF6" masterDocTitle="Hesperiidae of Rondônia, Brazil: Porphyrogenes Watson (Lepidoptera: Pyrginae: Eudamini), with descriptions of new species from Central and South America" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1699039468057" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1F53754AC57F7CFAD3A29E42F8B93D38">
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<mods:title id="3976AFC98C2DDBDB0A10A39E33F59A9E">Hesperiidae of Rondônia, Brazil: Porphyrogenes Watson (Lepidoptera: Pyrginae: Eudamini), with descriptions of new species from Central and South America</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C5EB546916D298887B6AB735C3FEF4BD" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="109622DA9CF3A073498DCD0295CDB33F">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1E350FEBFB5014258C14F2D8808132A6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4BC1DF45C013B5FCBFE41893051F11D6">Austin, George T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1D0A09C00BEBF79D690186434C2385C8">McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida P. O. Box 112710, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="38C44E2940EB39F389BC095BF455DEF2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E9D7707E1358F663ED1AEEBD874B91BA">Mielke, Olaf H. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="133AE8A721E2B9E60DF7F43B36BB4240">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, 81531 - 980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Fellow CNPq.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8B00EC6189227D0D219AEC8765666721">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0B6A279E771E630E5ECF9045AF33EE42">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6CDA40F05142F134EE2F7137746B4C14">
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<mods:date id="86469E4A7D9B94880415D6F61EAFB60F">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CF100D15F8A39AFD86A0F416E54ED78F">2008-09-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="23D301D512F74D5079D5F307CF3AE202">2008</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="73256D1F93A9C4A237D97349F4C71E51">44</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E0CAE26886FFFEE6EDE94EAB1E93B8A1">1</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="1A21F7BD1A24998B6A696DE4E5F69F6D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5169696</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FDA63172F7B5F7AA453C6C0EEE157EFE" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F3788781FFADFFEF5BD9FA3DE476FEAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3788781FFADFFEF5BD9FA3DE476FEAD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F3788781FFADFFEF5BD9FA3DE476FEAD" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFADFFED5BD9FA3DE589FA6D" box="[192,709,1411,1435]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFADFFED5BD9FA3DE589FA6D" blockId="12.[192,709,1411,1435]" box="[192,709,1411,1435]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="202681FBFFADFFED5BD9FA3DE589FA6D" bold="true" box="[192,709,1411,1435]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFADFFED5BD9FA3DE589FA6D" ID-CoL="4LZ75" authority="(Plotz, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Plotz" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[192,709,1411,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
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<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFADFFED5BD9FA3DE589FA6D" bold="true" box="[192,709,1411,1435]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFADFFED5BD9FA3DE55BFA6D" bold="true" box="[192,535,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Porphyrogenes vulpecula</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFADFFED593FFA3DE5F0FA6D" author="Plotz, C." box="[550,700,1411,1435]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="71 - 82" refId="ref36530" refString="Plotz, C. 1882. Hesperiinen-Gattungen und deren Arten. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift 26: 71 - 82." type="journal article" year="1882">Plötz, 1882</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFADFFED5BD9FA1DE6AAFA4D" box="[192,486,1443,1467]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFADFFED5BD9FA1DE6AAFA4D" blockId="12.[192,486,1443,1467]" box="[192,486,1443,1467]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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(
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFADFFED5BD0FA1DE600FA4D" box="[201,332,1443,1467]" captionStart="Figure 1-18" captionStartId="42.[195,279,1721,1743]" captionTargetBox="[262,1384,194,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-18@42.[262,1385,194,1691]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figure 1-18. Types and associated specimens of Porphyrogenes (ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface). 1) Porphyrogenes boliva Evans, 1952, [holo]type male, ds. 2) same, vs. 3) Phareas ferruginea Plötz, 1883, lectotype male, ds. 4) same, vs. 5) Augiades despecta Butler, 1870, lectotype female, ds. 6) same, vs. 7) Telegonus omphale Butler, 1871, lectotype male, ds. 8) same, vs. 9) Eudamus pausias Hewitson, 1867, lectotype male, ds. 10) same, vs. 11) Porphyrogenes pausias, female associated with lectotype, ds. 12) same, vs. 13) Telegonus probus Möschler, 1877, lectotype female, ds. 14) same, vs. 15) Porphyrogenes suva Evans, 1952, [holo]type male, ds. 16) same, vs. 17) Telemiades vulpecula Plötz, 1882, lectotype male, ds. 18) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169698/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Fig. 17, 18</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFADFFED5A41FA1DE6E9FA4D" box="[344,421,1443,1467]" captionStart="Figure 65-82" captionStartId="46.[195,279,1663,1685]" captionTargetBox="[291,1337,199,1620]" captionTargetId="figure-18@46.[265,1364,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figure 65-82. Porphyrogenes (ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface). 65) P. probus, male, BRAZIL: Rondônia; Fazenda Rancho Grande, 12 August 1993, ds. 66) same, vs. 67) P. probus, female, BRAZIL: Rondônia; Fazenda Rancho Grande, ex larva, emerged 25 November 1991, ds. 68) same, vs. 69) P. vulpecula, female, BRAZIL: Rio Purus, Hyatanahan (=Husteneã), no date, ds. 70) same, vs. 71) P. sororcula, BRAZIL: Rondônia; Fazenda Rancho Grande, 17 July 1994, ds. 72) same, vs. 73) P. sororcula, female, BRAZIL: Amazonas, Tefé (Ega), Rio Solimões, no date, ds. 74) same, vs. 75) P. spanda, male, BRAZIL: Rondônia; Fazenda Rancho Grande, 22 November 1992, ds. 76) same, vs. 77) P. spanda, female, VENEZUELA: Delta Amacuro (Terr.), Rio Acure, no date, ds. 78) same, vs. 79) P. stresa, male, BRAZIL: Rondônia; Fazenda Rancho Grande, 21 July 1994, ds. 80) same, vs. 81) P. zohra, male, VENEZUELA: Barinas, Rio Caparo Res. Sta, 32 km east of El Caton, 3-5 February 1978, ds. 82) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169706" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169706/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">69, 70</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFADFFED5AA9FA1DE691FA4D" box="[432,477,1443,1467]" captionStart="Figure 154-159" captionStartId="56.[195,279,1639,1661]" captionTargetBox="[209,1425,192,1604]" captionTargetId="figure-17@56.[197,1443,192,1626]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="Figure 154-159. Female genitalia of Porphyrogenes (ventral view). 154) P. omphale, PANAMA (GTA #8908); 155) P. pausias, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #8885); 156) P. sororcula, BRAZIL: Amazonas (GTA #4426); 157) P. probus, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #4425); 158) P. vulpecula, BRAZIL: Amazonas (GTA #13796); 159) P. spanda, VENEZUELA (GTA #13797)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169730/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">158</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFADFFED5BD9FA5DE4DEF9ED" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFADFFED5BD9FA5DE4DEF9ED" blockId="12.[192,1440,1507,1563]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFADFFED5BD9FA5DE513FA0D" ID-CoL="98HWP" authority="Plotz, 1882" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1882" box="[192,607,1507,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telemiades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
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<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFADFFED5BD9FA5DE687FA0D" box="[192,459,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Telemiades vulpecula</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="CBB93CCAFFADFFED5AC8FA5DE513FA0D" box="[465,607,1507,1531]" collectionCode="MNHU" country="Brazil" location="South America" municipality="Para" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFADFFED5AC8FA5DE513FA0D" author="Plotz, C." box="[465,607,1507,1531]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="71 - 82" refId="ref36530" refString="Plotz, C. 1882. Hesperiinen-Gattungen und deren Arten. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift 26: 71 - 82." type="journal article" year="1882">Plötz, 1882</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type locality:
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<location id="7E0E604CFFADFFED580CFA5DE49DFA0D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3788781FFADFFEF5BD9FA3DE476FEAD:7E0E604CFFADFFED580CFA5DE49DFA0D" box="[789,977,1507,1531]" country="Brazil" municipality="Para" name="South America" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">South America</location>
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, type labeled
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<collectingMunicipality id="9B0AACEDFFADFFED5F61FA5DE3F8FA0D" box="[1144,1204,1507,1531]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Pará</collectingMunicipality>
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[
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<collectingCountry id="03C67607FFADFFED5FDBFA5DE258FA0D" box="[1218,1300,1507,1531]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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]; male type (herein designated the
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<typeStatus id="A46A8835FFADFFED5911F9BDE536F9ED" box="[520,634,1539,1563]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFADFFED599DF9BDE44FF9ED" box="[644,771,1539,1563]" captionStart="Figure 1-18" captionStartId="42.[195,279,1721,1743]" captionTargetBox="[262,1384,194,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-18@42.[262,1385,194,1691]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figure 1-18. Types and associated specimens of Porphyrogenes (ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface). 1) Porphyrogenes boliva Evans, 1952, [holo]type male, ds. 2) same, vs. 3) Phareas ferruginea Plötz, 1883, lectotype male, ds. 4) same, vs. 5) Augiades despecta Butler, 1870, lectotype female, ds. 6) same, vs. 7) Telegonus omphale Butler, 1871, lectotype male, ds. 8) same, vs. 9) Eudamus pausias Hewitson, 1867, lectotype male, ds. 10) same, vs. 11) Porphyrogenes pausias, female associated with lectotype, ds. 12) same, vs. 13) Telegonus probus Möschler, 1877, lectotype female, ds. 14) same, vs. 15) Porphyrogenes suva Evans, 1952, [holo]type male, ds. 16) same, vs. 17) Telemiades vulpecula Plötz, 1882, lectotype male, ds. 18) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169698/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Fig. 17, 18</figureCitation>
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) in MNHU.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFADFFEC5BE9F9FDE404FBAA" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFADFFED5BE9F9FDE22CF8CD" blockId="12.[192,1441,1603,1916]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFADFFED5BE9F9FDE6D5F9AD" bold="true" box="[240,409,1603,1627]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Description.</emphasis>
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Male (measured and described from photographs of
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<typeStatus id="A46A8835FFADFFED5F10F9FAE30CF9AA" box="[1033,1088,1604,1628]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
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,
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFADFFED5F53F9FDE38AF9AD" box="[1098,1222,1603,1627]" captionStart="Figure 1-18" captionStartId="42.[195,279,1721,1743]" captionTargetBox="[262,1384,194,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-18@42.[262,1385,194,1691]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figure 1-18. Types and associated specimens of Porphyrogenes (ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface). 1) Porphyrogenes boliva Evans, 1952, [holo]type male, ds. 2) same, vs. 3) Phareas ferruginea Plötz, 1883, lectotype male, ds. 4) same, vs. 5) Augiades despecta Butler, 1870, lectotype female, ds. 6) same, vs. 7) Telegonus omphale Butler, 1871, lectotype male, ds. 8) same, vs. 9) Eudamus pausias Hewitson, 1867, lectotype male, ds. 10) same, vs. 11) Porphyrogenes pausias, female associated with lectotype, ds. 12) same, vs. 13) Telegonus probus Möschler, 1877, lectotype female, ds. 14) same, vs. 15) Porphyrogenes suva Evans, 1952, [holo]type male, ds. 16) same, vs. 17) Telemiades vulpecula Plötz, 1882, lectotype male, ds. 18) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169698/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Fig. 17, 18</figureCitation>
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) - forewing length = 23.3 mm; forewing with costal fold, apex pointed, not produced, termen and anal margin slightly convex; hindwing termen slightly convex, tornus produced to short lobe, costa somewhat produced proximad, vein Rs arising very near end of discal cell and well distad of CuA
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<subScript id="E75534D2FFADFFED5F25F90DE309F934" attach="left" box="[1084,1093,1715,1730]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">2</subScript>
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; dorsum brown, unmarked; forewing overscaled with olivaceous orange-brown, heaviest basad, anal margin with sparse tuft proximad; hindwing overscaled with olivaceous orange-brown, no indication of discal macules; shining gray specular basal areas cephalad; moderate length black tufts; erect olivaceous orange-brown tuft along anterior edge of vein 2A, recumbent gray tuft from posterior edge of 2A; fringes on both wings tan.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFADFFEC5BE9F8FAE43CFEEA" blockId="12.[192,1441,1603,1916]" lastBlockId="13.[192,1441,196,1852]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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Venter colored as dorsum; forewing vein 2A strongly sinuate, bare and broadly swollen in central 1/2, within distinct groove surrounded on both sides by shining area (appearing superficially as a doubled vein); shining gray speculum extending 3/4 distance distad in CuA
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<subScript id="E75534D2FFACFFEC58F8FF6AE4A6FF15" attach="left" box="[993,1002,212,227]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">2</subScript>
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-2A, continued into anal cell (continued to tornus as modified brown scales); hindwing with vague indication of dark discal macules; cell 2A- 3A with deep conspicuously tan groove just caudad of 2A.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFACFFEC5BE9FE9AE3FBFE8A" blockId="13.[192,1441,196,1852]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Dorsal head and thorax olivaceous orange-brown, palpi same, eyes appear reddish, antennae black on dorsum, pale on venter and beneath apiculus, ventral thorax and pectus olivaceous orange-brown, legs orange-brown, dorsal abdomen olivaceous orange-brown, ventral abdomen brownish.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFACFFEC5BE9FE3AE6D6FE2A" blockId="13.[192,1441,196,1852]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Genitalia - not examined. Evans’ (1952) figure indicates a broad tegumen and a broad uncus with the arms short, parallel, and widely spaced. The valva bends dorsad in its caudal portion where the harpe narrows abruptly.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFACFFEC5BE9FE5AE5C4FD2A" blockId="13.[192,1441,196,1852]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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Female (
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<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFACFFEC5A47FE5AE6A8FE0A" box="[350,484,484,508]" captionStart="Figure 65-82" captionStartId="46.[195,279,1663,1685]" captionTargetBox="[291,1337,199,1620]" captionTargetId="figure-18@46.[265,1364,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figure 65-82. Porphyrogenes (ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface). 65) P. probus, male, BRAZIL: Rondônia; Fazenda Rancho Grande, 12 August 1993, ds. 66) same, vs. 67) P. probus, female, BRAZIL: Rondônia; Fazenda Rancho Grande, ex larva, emerged 25 November 1991, ds. 68) same, vs. 69) P. vulpecula, female, BRAZIL: Rio Purus, Hyatanahan (=Husteneã), no date, ds. 70) same, vs. 71) P. sororcula, BRAZIL: Rondônia; Fazenda Rancho Grande, 17 July 1994, ds. 72) same, vs. 73) P. sororcula, female, BRAZIL: Amazonas, Tefé (Ega), Rio Solimões, no date, ds. 74) same, vs. 75) P. spanda, male, BRAZIL: Rondônia; Fazenda Rancho Grande, 22 November 1992, ds. 76) same, vs. 77) P. spanda, female, VENEZUELA: Delta Amacuro (Terr.), Rio Acure, no date, ds. 78) same, vs. 79) P. stresa, male, BRAZIL: Rondônia; Fazenda Rancho Grande, 21 July 1994, ds. 80) same, vs. 81) P. zohra, male, VENEZUELA: Barinas, Rio Caparo Res. Sta, 32 km east of El Caton, 3-5 February 1978, ds. 82) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169706" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169706/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 69, 70</figureCitation>
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) - forewing length = 25.2 mm (n = 1; from Rio Purus,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="03C67607FFACFFEC5F95FE5AE397FE0A" box="[1164,1243,484,508]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
); forewing apex pointed, termen convex, anal margin slightly concave; hindwing termen convex, concave just anterior to short tornal lobe, vein Rs arising nearer to end of discal cell than to its base and distad of CuA
|
||
<subScript id="E75534D2FFACFFEC5E34FD8AE27AFDB5" attach="left" box="[1325,1334,564,579]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">2</subScript>
|
||
; dorsum brown; forewing overscaled with ochreous-olive, heaviest basad, two large white translucent macules, that in M
|
||
<subScript id="E75534D2FFACFFEC5A36FDCAE67BFD75" attach="left" box="[303,311,628,643]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">3</subScript>
|
||
-CuA
|
||
<subScript id="E75534D2FFACFFEC5A6FFDCAE633FD75" attach="left" box="[374,383,628,643]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">1</subScript>
|
||
with proximal edge just proximad of origin of M
|
||
<subScript id="E75534D2FFACFFEC58ADFDCAE4F1FD75" attach="left" box="[948,957,628,643]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">3</subScript>
|
||
, broadest cephalad, larger in CuA
|
||
<subScript id="E75534D2FFACFFEC5E49FDCAE215FD75" attach="left" box="[1360,1369,628,643]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">1</subScript>
|
||
-CuA
|
||
<subScript id="E75534D2FFACFFEC5E8EFDCAE2ECFD75" attach="left" box="[1431,1440,628,643]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">2</subScript>
|
||
centered under origin of CuA
|
||
<subScript id="E75534D2FFACFFEC5901FD2AE56CFD55" attach="left" box="[536,544,660,675]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">1</subScript>
|
||
, irregularly trapezoidal; hindwing overscaled with ochreous-olive posterior to vein M
|
||
<subScript id="E75534D2FFACFFEC5A29FD0AE675FD35" attach="left" box="[304,313,692,707]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">1</subScript>
|
||
, vague indication of brown discal macules; conspicuous erect ochreous-olive tuft on dorsum of vein 2A; fringes on both wings brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFACFFEC5BE9FD5AE324FCAD" blockId="13.[192,1441,196,1852]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Venter brown, duller than on dorsum; forewing lightly overscaled with gray especially basad and along costa, forewing vein 2A slightly curved, modified pale gray-tan scales in entire anal cell; hindwing brown with grayish cast, vague darker brown discal macules from vein M
|
||
<subScript id="E75534D2FFACFFEC5F51FC8AE31DFCB5" attach="left" box="[1096,1105,820,835]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">1</subScript>
|
||
to vein 2A; cell 2A-3A with groove just caudad of vein 2A, margined broadly on both sides by grayish tan.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFACFFEC5BE9FCDAE518FC2A" blockId="13.[192,1441,196,1852]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Dorsal head and thorax ochreous-olive, eyes appear dark, palpi ochreous-olive, antennae black, ochreous on venter distad (both clubs broken), ventral thorax and pectus ochreous-olive, legs brown proximad, ochreous-olive distad, dorsal abdomen brown, paler at segments, ventral abdomen grayish with broad, but indistinct, brown medial line.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFACFFEC5BE9FC5AE404FBAA" blockId="13.[192,1441,196,1852]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFACFFEC5A69FC5AE69CFC0A" box="[368,464,996,1020]" captionStart="Figure 154-159" captionStartId="56.[195,279,1639,1661]" captionTargetBox="[209,1425,192,1604]" captionTargetId="figure-17@56.[197,1443,192,1626]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="Figure 154-159. Female genitalia of Porphyrogenes (ventral view). 154) P. omphale, PANAMA (GTA #8908); 155) P. pausias, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #8885); 156) P. sororcula, BRAZIL: Amazonas (GTA #4426); 157) P. probus, BRAZIL: Rondônia (GTA #4425); 158) P. vulpecula, BRAZIL: Amazonas (GTA #13796); 159) P. spanda, VENEZUELA (GTA #13797)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169730/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 158</figureCitation>
|
||
) - caudal edge of lamella postvaginalis nearly straight centrally without an apparent central indentation; lamella antevaginalis as more or less triangular central portion but with caudal apex as triangular points divided by deep V-shaped cut; ductus bursae moderately long, relatively broad connecting with caudal end of globular corpus bursae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFACFFEC5BE9FBDAE48CFAEA" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFACFFEC5BE9FBDAE48CFAEA" blockId="13.[192,1441,196,1852]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5BE9FBDAE524FB8A" bold="true" box="[240,616,1124,1148]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Distribution and phenology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5975FBDAE4DDFB8A" baseAuthorityName="Plotz" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[620,913,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5975FBDAE4DDFB8A" box="[620,913,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Porphyrogenes vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported to occur in South America, including Trinidad, Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana, the Amazonian drainage of Brazil and Peru, and in Paraguay and Argentina (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC595FFB1AE58BFB4A" author="Plotz, C." box="[582,711,1188,1212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="71 - 82" refId="ref36530" refString="Plotz, C. 1882. Hesperiinen-Gattungen und deren Arten. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift 26: 71 - 82." type="journal article" year="1882">Plötz 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC59C8FB1AE436FB4A" author="Godman, F. D." box="[721,890,1188,1212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="132 - 155" refId="ref35683" refString="Godman, F. D. 1907. Notes on the American species of Hesperiidae described by Plotz. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 20 (116): 132 - 155." type="journal article" year="1907">Godman 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC589DFB1AE352FB4A" author="Draudt, M. W. K." box="[900,1054,1188,1212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="833 - 1011" refId="ref35495" refString="Draudt, M. W. K. 1922. Grypocera, breitkopfige Tagfalter, p. 833 - 1011. In: A. Seitz. Die Gross- Schmetterlinge der Erde, vol. 5. Die amerikanischen Tagfalter. A. Kernen; Stuttgart. 1139 p." type="book chapter" year="1922">Draudt 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC5F31FB1AE3D7FB4A" author="Bell, E. L." box="[1064,1179,1188,1212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="65 - 203" refId="ref35158" refString="Bell, E. L. 1946. A catalogue of the Hesperioidea of Venezuela. Boletin de Entomologia Venezolana 5: 65 - 203." type="journal article" year="1946">Bell 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC5FBCFB1AE214FB4A" author="Hayward, K. J." box="[1189,1368,1188,1212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="201 - 392" refId="ref35720" refString="Hayward, K. J. 1947. Catalogus Hesperiidarum Rei Publicae Colombianae. Acta zoologica Lilloana 4: 201 - 392." type="journal article" year="1947">Hayward 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC5E78FB1AE7B3FB2A" author="Moss, A. M." pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="27 - 80" refId="ref36336" refString="Moss, A. M. 1949. Biological notes on some << Hesperiidae >> of Para and the Amazon. Acta Zoologica Lilloana 7: 27 - 80." type="journal article" year="1949">Moss 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC5A13FB7AE6D0FB2A" author="Evans, W. H." box="[266,412,1220,1244]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" refId="ref35584" refString="Evans, W. H. 1952. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae in the British Museum. Part II (groups B, C, D), Pyrginae. Section I. British Museum (Natural History); London. 178 p." type="book" year="1952">Evans 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC5ABEFB7AE446FB2A" author="Cock, M. J. & S. Alston-Smith" box="[423,778,1220,1244]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="25 - 35" refId="ref35368" refString="Cock, M. J., and S. Alston-Smith. 1990. The skipper butterflies (Hesperiidae) of Trinidad. Part 6: Pyrginae, genera group D. Living World 1989 / 1990: 25 - 35." type="journal article" year="1990">Cock and Alston-Smith 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC580CFB7AE34BFB2A" author="Nunez Bustos, E. O." box="[789,1031,1220,1244]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" refId="ref36405" refString="Nunez Bustos, E. O. 2006. Inventory of Rhopaloceran lepidopterans (diurnal butterflies) of Yacutinga Wildlife Refuge (General Belgrano Department, Misiones Province, Argentina). Fund. Vida Silvestre Argentina. http: // www. yacutinga. com / html / vz / i _ ing / estacion _ biologica / (accessed January 2007)" type="url" year="2006">Nuñez Bustos 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The more southern records may represent
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5A25FB5BE682FB0A" baseAuthorityName="Mabille and Boullet" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[316,462,1252,1276]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sororcula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5A25FB5BE682FB0A" box="[316,462,1252,1276]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. sororcula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below). The female described above (in CMNH) is from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="03C67607FFACFFEC5FBDFB5AE243FB0A" box="[1188,1295,1252,1276]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Amazonas; Hyatanahan (= Huitanaã), Rio Purus,
|
||
<date id="0F6F1057FFACFFEC598BFABAE444FAEA" box="[658,776,1284,1308]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="1922-02">Feb. 1922</date>
|
||
(GTA #13796).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="33CB651CFFACFFEF5BE9FA9AE476FEAD" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFACFFEC5BE9FA9AE3E3FA6A" blockId="13.[192,1441,196,1852]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5BE9FA9AE51EFACA" bold="true" box="[240,594,1316,1340]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis and discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC59DAFA9AE4B8FACA" baseAuthorityName="Plotz" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[707,1012,1316,1340]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC59DAFA9AE4B8FACA" box="[707,1012,1316,1340]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Porphyrogenes vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5F37FA9BE38CFACA" baseAuthorityName="Mabille and Boullet" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[1070,1216,1316,1340]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sororcula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5F37FA9BE38CFACA" box="[1070,1216,1316,1340]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. sororcula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are readily distinguished from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5AAAFAFAE524FAAA" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1893" box="[435,616,1348,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5AAAFAFAE524FAAA" box="[435,616,1348,1372]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Porphyrogenes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the doubled appearance of vein 2A on the ventral forewing (see below under the latter species). The illustration in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC583DFADAE49CFA8A" author="Draudt, M. W. K." box="[804,976,1380,1404]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="833 - 1011" refId="ref35495" refString="Draudt, M. W. K. 1922. Grypocera, breitkopfige Tagfalter, p. 833 - 1011. In: A. Seitz. Die Gross- Schmetterlinge der Erde, vol. 5. Die amerikanischen Tagfalter. A. Kernen; Stuttgart. 1139 p." type="book chapter" year="1922">Draudt (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
appears to be of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5F81FADBE262FA8A" baseAuthorityName="Plotz" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1176,1326,1380,1404]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5F81FADBE262FA8A" box="[1176,1326,1380,1404]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but does not show the tuft on the dorsal hindwing nor the speculum on the ventral forewing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFACFFEC5BE9FA1AE679F9EA" blockId="13.[192,1441,196,1852]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
A male in MNHU (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E3EA2A12FFACFFEC5AC7FA1AE52EFA4A" box="[478,610,1444,1468]" captionStart="Figure 1-18" captionStartId="42.[195,279,1721,1743]" captionTargetBox="[262,1384,194,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-18@42.[262,1385,194,1691]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figure 1-18. Types and associated specimens of Porphyrogenes (ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface). 1) Porphyrogenes boliva Evans, 1952, [holo]type male, ds. 2) same, vs. 3) Phareas ferruginea Plötz, 1883, lectotype male, ds. 4) same, vs. 5) Augiades despecta Butler, 1870, lectotype female, ds. 6) same, vs. 7) Telegonus omphale Butler, 1871, lectotype male, ds. 8) same, vs. 9) Eudamus pausias Hewitson, 1867, lectotype male, ds. 10) same, vs. 11) Porphyrogenes pausias, female associated with lectotype, ds. 12) same, vs. 13) Telegonus probus Möschler, 1877, lectotype female, ds. 14) same, vs. 15) Porphyrogenes suva Evans, 1952, [holo]type male, ds. 16) same, vs. 17) Telemiades vulpecula Plötz, 1882, lectotype male, ds. 18) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5169698/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 17, 18</figureCitation>
|
||
) is here designated as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="A46A8835FFACFFEC58ABFA1AE36EFA4A" box="[946,1058,1444,1468]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5F50FA1AE219FA4A" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1882" box="[1097,1365,1444,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telemiades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5F50FA1AE219FA4A" box="[1097,1365,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Telemiades vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. That specimen is labeled as follows: / Typus /, / 48761 /, and / Vulpecula N.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B915F875FFACFFEC5F26FA7AE337FA2A" box="[1087,1147,1476,1500]" country="Suriname" name="Para" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Parà</collectingRegion>
|
||
Sieber /. This action is necessary to establish the undoubted identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC580DFA5BE4E0FA0A" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1882" box="[788,940,1508,1532]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telemiades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC580DFA5BE4E0FA0A" box="[788,940,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">T. vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species that may be confused with the following.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFACFFEC5BE9F99AE526F8CA" blockId="13.[192,1441,196,1852]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC5BE9F99AE6D7F9CA" author="Draudt, M. W. K." box="[240,411,1572,1596]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="833 - 1011" refId="ref35495" refString="Draudt, M. W. K. 1922. Grypocera, breitkopfige Tagfalter, p. 833 - 1011. In: A. Seitz. Die Gross- Schmetterlinge der Erde, vol. 5. Die amerikanischen Tagfalter. A. Kernen; Stuttgart. 1139 p." type="book chapter" year="1922">Draudt (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that the female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC59D2F99BE42CF9CA" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1882" box="[715,864,1572,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telemiades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC59D2F99BE42CF9CA" box="[715,864,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5F70F99BE396F9CA" authorityName="Moschler" authorityYear="1877" box="[1129,1242,1572,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telegonus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="probus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5F70F99BE396F9CA" box="[1129,1242,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. probus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(referring to the female assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5ABCF9FBE55BF9AA" authorityName="Moschler" authorityYear="1877" box="[421,535,1604,1628]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telegonus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="probus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5ABCF9FBE55BF9AA" box="[421,535,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. probus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its original description, see above under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5F07F9FBE3DCF9AA" authorityName="Moschler" authorityYear="1877" box="[1054,1168,1604,1628]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telegonus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="probus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5F07F9FBE3DCF9AA" box="[1054,1168,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. probus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC5FBFF9FAE208F9AA" author="Evans, W. H." box="[1190,1348,1604,1628]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" refId="ref35584" refString="Evans, W. H. 1952. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae in the British Museum. Part II (groups B, C, D), Pyrginae. Section I. British Museum (Natural History); London. 178 p." type="book" year="1952">Evans (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered the female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5ABBF9DBE576F98A" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1882" box="[418,570,1636,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telemiades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5ABBF9DBE576F98A" box="[418,570,1636,1660]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC584FF9DBE4AEF98A" authorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" authorityYear="1869" box="[854,994,1636,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Eudamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="passalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC584FF9DBE4AEF98A" box="[854,994,1636,1660]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. passalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. That phenotype,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5FD9F9DAE620F96A" authority="Mabille, 1888" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Thymele" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eudamus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5FD9F9DAE2EDF98A" box="[1216,1441,1636,1660]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Thymele eudamus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC5BD9F93AE620F96A" author="Mabille, P." box="[192,364,1668,1692]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="169 - 171" refId="ref36095" refString="Mabille, P. 1888. Descriptions de Lepidopteres (Hesperides) nouveaux. Le Naturaliste (2) 2 (33): 169 - 171" type="journal article" year="1888">Mabille, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC598FF93BE462F96A" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1882" box="[662,814,1668,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telemiades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC598FF93BE462F96A" box="[662,814,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
without justification by Evans (1955), a synonymy which has persisted to the present (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC59AEF91AE41FF94A" author="Mielke, O. H. H." box="[695,851,1700,1724]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="25 - 86" refId="ref36156" refString="Mielke, O. H. H. 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 25 - 86. In: G. Lamas (ed.), Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera, vol. 5 A, Checklist: Part 4 A. Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea. Scientific Publishers; Gainesville, FL. 439 p." type="book chapter" year="2004">Mielke 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFACFFEC5846F91AE4D3F94A" author="Mielke, O. H. H." box="[863,927,1700,1724]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="129 - 410" refId="ref36212" refString="Mielke, O. H. H. 2005. Catalogue of the American Hesperioidea: Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Vol. 2. Pyrginae 1: Eudamini. Sociedade Brasileira Zoologia; Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. p. 129 - 410." type="book chapter" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC58AAF91AE3DDF94A" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1888" box="[947,1169,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Thymele" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eudemus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC58AAF91AE3DDF94A" box="[947,1169,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Thymele eudemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here removed from synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5A9AF97BE557F92A" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1882" box="[387,539,1732,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telemiades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5A9AF97BE557F92A" box="[387,539,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because there are no data relating the two phenotypes. The female as described above is assigned to this species based upon its general size, conspicuously pale groove on the ventral hindwing, and its overall general and genital similarity to an apparently closely related species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFACFFEC5BD9F89BE61EF8CA" baseAuthorityName="Mabille and Boullet" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[192,338,1828,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sororcula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFACFFEC5BD9F89BE61EF8CA" box="[192,338,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">P. sororcula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see following species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6E3697FFAFFFEF5BE9FF7AE476FEAD" blockId="14.[192,1440,195,347]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F404B66FFAFFFEF5BE9FF7AE6C7FF2D" author="Evans, W. H." box="[240,395,195,219]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" refId="ref35584" refString="Evans, W. H. 1952. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae in the British Museum. Part II (groups B, C, D), Pyrginae. Section I. British Museum (Natural History); London. 178 p." type="book" year="1952">Evans (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFAFFFEF5AE5FF7DE458FF2D" authorityName="Skinner" authorityYear="1920" box="[508,788,195,219]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Bungalotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFAFFFEF5AE5FF7DE458FF2D" box="[508,788,195,219]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Bungalotis immaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFAFFFEF58F2FF7AE337FF2D" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1882" box="[1003,1147,195,219]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telemiades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFAFFFEF58F2FF7AE337FF2D" box="[1003,1147,195,219]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">P. vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFAFFFEF5F91FF7DE2ECFF2D" authorityName="Skinner" authorityYear="1920" box="[1160,1440,195,219]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Bungalotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFAFFFEF5F91FF7DE2ECFF2D" box="[1160,1440,195,219]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Bungalotis immaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFAFFFEF5A69FF5DE5EDFF0D" baseAuthorityName="Mabille and Boullet" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[368,673,227,251]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sororcula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFAFFFEF5A69FF5DE5EDFF0D" box="[368,673,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Porphyrogenes sororcula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The relationship of the latter with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFAFFFEF5F7BFF5AE3B7FF0D" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1882" box="[1122,1275,227,251]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telemiades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFAFFFEF5F7BFF5AE3B7FF0D" box="[1122,1275,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">P. vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is uncertain. Although there seem to be differences indicating they are separate species (see below under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFAFFFEF5E18FEBAE2C3FEED" baseAuthorityName="Mabille and Boullet" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[1281,1423,259,283]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Porphyrogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sororcula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFAFFFEF5E18FEBAE2C3FEED" box="[1281,1423,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">P. sororcula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCD14D14FFAFFFEF5BD9FE9AE61FFECD" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1882" box="[192,339,291,315]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Telemiades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpecula">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A5EA85FFAFFFEF5BD9FE9AE61FFECD" box="[192,339,291,315]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">P. vulpecula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been sufficiently studied to resolve their statuses. They are here retained as specieslevel taxa based on differences in color and genitalia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |