treatments-xml/data/E0/20/84/E02084DB5B335768AE91D276F98B826B.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.99.102604" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-0743-2-363" ID-Pensoft-UUID="834F4D6012375035847C365EADB50A21" ID-ZooBank="D7ACA6364B0346F4AF77D5DEC8EB7084" ModsDocID="1860-0743-99-2-363" checkinTime="1688612360584" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tsuyuki, Aoi, Oya, Yuki &amp; Kajihara, Hiroshi" docDate="2023" docId="E02084DB5B335768AE91D276F98B826B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoosystEvol 99(2): 363-373" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 99 (2)" docPubDate="2023-07-05" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.99.102604" docTitle="Eucestoplana cuneata" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="834F4D6012375035847C365EADB50A21" lastPageNumber="363" masterDocId="834F4D6012375035847C365EADB50A21" masterDocTitle="A new species of slender flatworm in the genus Eucestoplana and a record of E. cf. cuneata (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida) from the Okinawa Islands, Japan, with an inference of their phylogenetic positions within Cestoplanidae" masterLastPageNumber="373" masterPageNumber="363" pageNumber="363" updateTime="1688612360584" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="5DF4AC37148667C677528BA9527DB2ED">A new species of slender flatworm in the genus Eucestoplana and a record of E. cf. cuneata (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida) from the Okinawa Islands, Japan, with an inference of their phylogenetic positions within Cestoplanidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="23DF4DF04A6A22DD0AE71B5C310E3C9E">Tsuyuki, Aoi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FA0538C61F1E7DFCB4DADAF1CD9B05DA">Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AA6E03FA6C01D5C7CB764B6FE4925965">Oya, Yuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BCA928849F0FC13A4BEBE36E4DBBFCC5">Creative Research Institute, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001 - 0021, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="616CD615C1C947EE578457C69DE61C00">Kajihara, Hiroshi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="49570AC82803F842A8A0533CE5B11C15">Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5A19DF464EBD0CB871F88CF60A8C5174">Zoosystematics and Evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FD19509C2D7D537BC08DC8CB9B23609B">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="44081B31CDD75080A5A6F534B33609DC">99</mods:number>
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<treatment id="E02084DB5B335768AE91D276F98B826B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E02084DB5B335768AE91D276F98B826B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E02084DB5B335768AE91D276F98B826B" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<subSubSection id="2548CC06BA0F44B5B6F7EE5F8404A21C" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D6BB5BC63C0937FA782B1CABE15069EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<taxonomicName id="339512909E97903DF49E5A77E851024B" ID-CoL="3BS66" LSID="E02084DB-5B33-5768-AE91-D276F98B826B" authority="(Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975)" baseAuthorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1975" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Eucestoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B5C1AEABA0BE0207D4BFC16D9FBF2855" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" type="description">
<paragraph id="4EF3C6CF2E2F5506F5AA194D5AB29924" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<figureCitation id="52EE5FCD11388B6A97E9956673BA00DA" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="3775FE8124046FE16183287379137814" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eucestoplana cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975), holotype (ZMUG 25472), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B - E) (anterior to the right). A. Male and female copulatory apparatuses; B - D. Male copulatory apparatus; E. Adhesive organ. Abbreviations: ad - adhesive organ; ed - ejaculatory duct; fa - female atrium; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ps - penis sheath; pv - prostatic vesicle; spv - spermiducal vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; va - vagina. Scale bars: 100 µm (A - E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873005" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">, 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="89C13EA3BC6DAF6E70B5F36CC8587BE4" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="987D2E42C89AFBE99464DD4103CBFC7C" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<taxonomicName id="58CDCF26F9960B9B08E75E9CEFBC0871" authorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" authorityYear="1975" class="Turbellaria" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Cestoplana" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">Cestoplana cuneata</taxonomicName>
? 
<taxonomicName id="A00D260FDA2300BD377F926C663D4C92" authorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" authorityYear="1975" class="Turbellaria" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Cestoplana" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">Cestoplana cuneata</taxonomicName>
Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975: 210-212, figs 9, 10; 
<bibRefCitation id="F2B6061BCB26D4EBEB784093B46DC53F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00027619" author="Tajika, K-I" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" pagination="333 - 339" refId="B31" refString="Tajika, K-I, Raj, U, Horiuchi, S, Koshida, Y, 1991. Polyclad turbellarians collected on the Osaka University Expedition to Viti Levu, Fiji, in 1985, with remarks on distribution and phylogeny of the genus Discoplana. Hydrobiologia 227 (1): 333 - 339, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00027619" title="Polyclad turbellarians collected on the Osaka University Expedition to Viti Levu, Fiji, in 1985, with remarks on distribution and phylogeny of the genus Discoplana." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00027619" volume="227" year="1991">Tajika et al. 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 335.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9109B83CA9B3D72D8881AC8C307EE257" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<taxonomicName id="417795E7A5721A90D20F3334A7536C9B" baseAuthorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1975" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Eucestoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">Eucestoplana cuneata</taxonomicName>
? 
<taxonomicName id="B87ED25408C709CA0748F1D6ED6FA7FB" baseAuthorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1975" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Eucestoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">Eucestoplana cuneata</taxonomicName>
(Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975): 
<bibRefCitation id="2E758E7673D920E5C43405CA3B17F336" author="Faubel, A" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" pagination="17 - 121" refId="B8" refString="Faubel, A, 1983. The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut 80: 17 - 121" title="The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea." volume="80" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 95.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A51DF391AF801F6AC372C3FF0907CC15" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E85A1517D2670754E612CD0A497CBDBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5F056E68DFCD58BCDDD983606D01569D" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<materialsCitation id="1B9731092335F0BBF709997EE74C102F" accessionNumber="LC740488, LC740489" collectingDate="2021-08-07" collectorName="A. Tsuyuki, Y. Oya, GenBank" country="Japan" county="Islands" latitude="26.714333" location="Tokei Beach" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="128.01846" municipality="Kouri Island" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa Prefecture">
<emphasis id="0CDE12CB6DE7965D4025E58C73CBDFD1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<collectingCountry id="ECC37B9DA7504012B123D3F2D4C35A2A" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•1; 
<collectingRegion id="68E447041B29C19D6F5FCF238D66CA7E" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, the 
<collectingRegion id="00BE7E6EF32C3E919F979DA30AEAEE94" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="11C76D45146B4F1212FF8CB9823B65F3">Islands</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="1EB045D39D884E3CF34A92282FEF20FD">Kouri Island</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="5262DEAC7178EEB7FE9493537518B4AE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E02084DB5B335768AE91D276F98B826B:5262DEAC7178EEB7FE9493537518B4AE" country="Japan" county="Islands" latitude="26.714333" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="128.01846" municipality="Kouri Island" name="Tokei Beach" stateProvince="Okinawa Prefecture">Tokei Beach</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="9828C39ECD963DE62CAE886C1A2EDAB1" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="42.86" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="26.714333">26°42.86'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="2B334A54C419336F0E05178730958F2B" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="1.108" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.01846">128°1.108'E</geoCoordinate>
; intertidal gravelly sediments; 
<collectingDate id="72D536011958601D4D24FD0EFE2B0C18" value="2021-08-07">7 Aug. 2021</collectingDate>
; 
<collectorName id="E2EE2265B6F0A78BC992306FBD45606C">A. Tsuyuki</collectorName>
and 
<collectorName id="070CB0646F5279284FCCE587860DD81A">Y. Oya</collectorName>
leg.; sagittal sections (3 slides); 
<collectorName id="CEDB2A0EE16A3AD73E3FAC2378A132CF">GenBank</collectorName>
: 
<accessionNumber id="BE786E611441A687583C79AC788D7F45" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/LC740488">LC740488</accessionNumber>
(COI) and 
<accessionNumber id="33D369FF07C2A2EE20389F1494A3301C" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/LC740489">LC740489</accessionNumber>
(16S); ICHUM 8440
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="DA90F5E178E09F69EFA4AC90DEFD537E" accessionNumber="LC740486, LC740491, LC740493" collectingDate="2021-08-11" collectorName="GenBank" country="Japan" county="Islands" latitude="26.714333" location="Japan" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="128.01846" municipality="Kouri Island" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
<emphasis id="09A32B458CC1BFE65D8C92C5059CB2FE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<collectingCountry id="25B1D8FE3A479E42707D1F468556C282" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•1; same data as above, except for the date (
<collectingDate id="30FC842A598AD058260724BEB31AAE1B" value="2021-08-11">11 Aug. 2021</collectingDate>
); sagittal sections (4 slides); 
<collectorName id="DAF8271B8D17274D6219FDE519C6CAC0">GenBank</collectorName>
: 
<accessionNumber id="AC0799004969C04AAC765897E73ADEE4" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/LC740486">LC740486</accessionNumber>
(COI), 
<accessionNumber id="38A65AC01638AEA401333608C8C4D1B2" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/LC740491">LC740491</accessionNumber>
(18S), 
<accessionNumber id="13421FC76D9F0F2AD8D374F7228840A4" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/LC740493">LC740493</accessionNumber>
(28S); ICHUM 8441
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="F88D707164D79AA2D934D762D6A0F3C3" accessionNumber="LC740487, LC745667, LC740494" collectingDate="2021-08-09" collectorName="A. Tsuyuki, GenBank" country="Japan" county="Islands" latitude="26.624166" location="Nagahama Beach" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="128.18433" municipality="Island" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa Prefecture">
<emphasis id="4763497C500C100DF2746431936FAE5C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<collectingCountry id="49373AA45E753FF323722F6B02622401" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•1; 
<collectingRegion id="C4359A04C65BA695CB98008E92320327" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, the 
<collectingRegion id="2A31DDEFDAC1FE8DD8B86AE7B21B3704" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="D88F74554EC0E0304F0DE37B8B988CCF">Islands</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingRegion id="0B720468054E7ECAB0280A342303E29B" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="A2D0FE7AAA3D8269BFDAA8D4AE236306">Island</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="2FB572EC09D02B53BF5D58C369A4D609" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E02084DB5B335768AE91D276F98B826B:2FB572EC09D02B53BF5D58C369A4D609" country="Japan" county="Islands" latitude="26.624166" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="128.18433" municipality="Island" name="Nagahama Beach" stateProvince="Okinawa Prefecture">Nagahama Beach</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="FFA486486889AF5F18AAF37076524050" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="37.45" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="26.624166">26°37.45'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="CDC180A628B39A3D728A46B25A012435" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="11.06" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="128.18433">128°11.06'E</geoCoordinate>
; under rocks; 
<collectingDate id="989B1452B79E2D868AFAFFCFD80A6600" value="2021-08-09">9 Aug. 2021</collectingDate>
; 
<collectorName id="718B902579A901171EBDB2FF1152EA5D">A. Tsuyuki</collectorName>
leg.; sagittal sections (4 slides); 
<collectorName id="47715084CAB2CA6CFD20834EE359C3A8">GenBank</collectorName>
: 
<accessionNumber id="B1E62964F18E158F831B41C7293ACD7C" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/LC740487">LC740487</accessionNumber>
(COI), 
<accessionNumber id="83A439AE40EF5F95E552201A49B6A138" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/LC745667">LC745667</accessionNumber>
(16S), 
<accessionNumber id="62D5F49B5E86F9AB92133E07B7F17A15" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/LC740494">LC740494</accessionNumber>
(28S); ICHUM 8442
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF0DC1798DB4417C95FC0FB8BE513AF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
For comparison, we also examined eight serial sections of 
<taxonomicName id="B6BC6F69D2B599AEA9F70460D3258B0C" baseAuthorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1975" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Eucestoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="9058E0BB8DE9AFE2DDF9CF9B588D5DAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Eucestoplana cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="D561137C8CFD4F55CACC50C4E6F9BD36" authorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" authorityYear="1975" class="Turbellaria" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Cestoplana" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="6E4C7DE06B7A0926EB0AB31C05E25F05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Cestoplana cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (ZMUG 25472 (
<typeStatus id="BE51E477A72E9B9A9697FBF303A32456">holotype</typeStatus>
, three slides) and ZMUG 25473 (
<typeStatus id="1D566F575D1AAB725A823D4BFE84C1BF">paratype</typeStatus>
, five slides)) and four serial sagittal sections of 
<taxonomicName id="C309C3D7A0E7CC725BEEE0AE1A92618E" baseAuthorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1975" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Eucestoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="54368A885C88D7995CB6BFC5799D0066" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Eucestoplana cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="C583374548473A09CCB79659D38AD072" authorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" authorityYear="1975" class="Turbellaria" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Cestoplana" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="C42014823E5953C7E6C4B0261710D577" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Cestoplana cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) collected from the 
<collectingCountry id="68AA4C1955381A00A3356C790A79AE7B" name="Fiji Island">Fiji Island</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44DC032022338A79D164390DA0C4036C" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" type="description">
<paragraph id="B869C7F998C38F876DB6BC4E538ED260" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="60E305FD97D92C862B18E7130ECE8838" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
Body slender and elongated, 24-30 mm long and 0.71-0.82 mm wide in living state (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="2ED127FD1837B74C045B1BB6C99B7E97" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">2A</figureCitation>
). Pair of eyespot-clusters, each composed of 11-19 eyespots, distributed along midline in front of brain (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="3673F7BFE414D95062BF28AF3958AD3F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">2B</figureCitation>
). Male copulatory apparatus composed of true seminal vesicle, interpolated prostatic vesicle, and penis papilla with stylet (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="3DD31B6270D548A3BA7D1FD433849973" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">2C-E</figureCitation>
). Testicular follicles arranged in two lateral, longitudinal rows, about half length of body, running anteriorly from area in front of pharynx (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="64633CBD2EE834AE1EC9DD21F798687A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">2A</figureCitation>
). Seminal vesicle antero-posteriorly elongated, posteriorly turning 180° right in front of female copulatory apparatus before running forward for short distance and then descending ventrally; thick muscular wall coating seminal vesicle, being thinner toward distal portion with forming ejaculatory duct seamlessly (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="EDFD829FD80AB6D5444E1BB4EB340D19" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">2C</figureCitation>
). Ejaculatory duct 942 
<normalizedToken id="B3CDB4DDFF3B42312C6A0C72687799D5" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, extending from proximal end of prostatic vesicle to proximal end of seminal vesicle. Prostatic vesicle oval, with 19-µm thick muscular wall, lined with thick glandular epithelium (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="C7983B554A79C060798762D77D6004EB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">2C-E</figureCitation>
). Penis papilla with wedged, strongly sclerotized stylet (about 60 
<normalizedToken id="89D4CDAB4469F3D66007E6F50D839438" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long) (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="300876EE0DCE1033F478A85317AAFFDB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">2C, E</figureCitation>
). Penis sheath cone-shaped (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="0B84D711B48BB44175A9406A3E4B1930" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">2C, E</figureCitation>
). Male atrium lined with cilia (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="CCF50969EB947BCCA862972D42BCFEF5" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">2E</figureCitation>
), opening to exterior via male gonopore with depth of about 67 
<normalizedToken id="B1F260A4102A5B5FCB7DD3E0C4EFDE93" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="8C1C38F92F1F88CAD88B3A08364D81A2" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">2C, E</figureCitation>
). Pair of oviducts running posteriorly, then connecting to the proximal end of vagina independently. After receiving pair of oviducts, vagina curving dorsally and leading to female gonopore without evident cement pouch (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="D42C41D7CAD8E0078EB8EBC41CB68B58" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eucestoplana cf. cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). A. ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; B. ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; C. ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; D, E. ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; F. ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: br - brain; cg - cement glands; ed - ejaculatory duct; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ph - pharynx; pv - prostatic vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; te - testicular follicle; va - vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 100 µm (C - F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">2F</figureCitation>
). Adhesive organ present at posterior end of body.
</paragraph>
<caption id="10A2B236F45A8F00E13B8119AEE6B590" doi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873004" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="F2609A22013970F0633AD851B8AA6B11" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<emphasis id="345D056B30C54052A348A5AE264DBB0B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4DFB33ED88F615C6EACD40187E00B5B5" baseAuthorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1975" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Eucestoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">Eucestoplana cf. cuneata</taxonomicName>
(Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975). 
<emphasis id="D472B15D4008FCC3E690C9A3F498FA3F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">A.</emphasis>
ICHUM 8442, whole animal in living state, dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="27E2DDC2FF195717254B9B75B119BB90" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">B.</emphasis>
ICHUM 8442, magnification of anterior body in living state, dorsal view, showing eyespot distribution; 
<emphasis id="FAF217D64762D262DA8126D536D0D959" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">C.</emphasis>
ICHUM 8440, schematic diagram of male copulatory apparatus in sagittal view, anterior to the right; 
<emphasis id="B3FF3651C8A2C3B12FBCA07E062C0B24" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">D, E.</emphasis>
ICHUM 8440, photomicrographs of sagittal sections, anterior to the right, showing male copulatory apparatus; 
<emphasis id="2786D38238CC4CDBBAFD06854F752842" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">F.</emphasis>
ICHUM 8441, photomicrograph of sagittal section, showing female copulatory apparatus, anterior to the right. Abbreviations: 
<emphasis id="52C4455DA58EC0F748D15F6769774F34" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">br</emphasis>
- brain; 
<emphasis id="1D2C2ACD19E0753FC6D7B701C2C090FD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">cg</emphasis>
- cement glands; 
<emphasis id="BBE78E79333100BB2AF95477DF03AE6C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">ed</emphasis>
- ejaculatory duct; 
<emphasis id="C6D69EA66FE21E4CABFE5716C48B7A82" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">fg</emphasis>
- female gonopore; 
<emphasis id="CAC2A0E4B7147DF2E039C3B417E0E27D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">ma</emphasis>
- male atrium; 
<emphasis id="28AD17A1D819D36C5F680F2B05F87140" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">mg</emphasis>
- male gonopore; 
<emphasis id="5E7A06E985F75981551E5DD6079F6107" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">ph</emphasis>
- pharynx; 
<emphasis id="6959E4D2A1C9D2930942034D7AF8F3B4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">pv</emphasis>
- prostatic vesicle; 
<emphasis id="CEAA09737D03C85EC47048AD0A2DD718" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">st</emphasis>
- stylet; 
<emphasis id="FC4D61571AD16DE69E642332D8C1D00F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">sv</emphasis>
- seminal vesicle; 
<emphasis id="1D8CBCCF5E19100BB4A24FFD7B17C443" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">te</emphasis>
- testicular follicle; 
<emphasis id="361555997FE97242000B3D2DCE1C7FF8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">va</emphasis>
- vagina; ♀ - female copulatory apparatus; ♂ - male copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 1 mm (
<emphasis id="50B00BAC2042CE60801643CCDF2D4242" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">A</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="D3AB693FC18F6F8CBAD6F917369E2F5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">B</emphasis>
); 100 
<normalizedToken id="717F70381A861277E2A0C9302F2C090A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="992BB541854B09A7A113C92B018B463A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">C</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="3DCE3ADA8E8DFFDCBE04A02EC9C35B57" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="345973BA8583C6113A8D2265A507E884" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="915EF23F55256A7AA3FCD6E306EB3625" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
Redescription of holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="B5B962952BE83FAE6511ADA55F423D38" lsidName="E. cuneata" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="2E11BFC462931D7D96ABB3B1AB048013" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">E. cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B51665D9F404B82B3AE5641263573936" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
Male copulatory apparatus composed of true seminal vesicle, interpolated prostatic vesicle, and penis papilla with stylet (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="732EB5AD401B74AA501FC631D39AC8D9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eucestoplana cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975), holotype (ZMUG 25472), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B - E) (anterior to the right). A. Male and female copulatory apparatuses; B - D. Male copulatory apparatus; E. Adhesive organ. Abbreviations: ad - adhesive organ; ed - ejaculatory duct; fa - female atrium; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ps - penis sheath; pv - prostatic vesicle; spv - spermiducal vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; va - vagina. Scale bars: 100 µm (A - E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873005" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">3A</figureCitation>
). Seminal vesicle elongated, posteriorly turning 180° right, and then leading to ejaculatory duct; thick muscular wall coating seminal vesicle, being thinner toward distal portion (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="7FF7C6FF7C711623F2B911818DF78E4F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eucestoplana cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975), holotype (ZMUG 25472), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B - E) (anterior to the right). A. Male and female copulatory apparatuses; B - D. Male copulatory apparatus; E. Adhesive organ. Abbreviations: ad - adhesive organ; ed - ejaculatory duct; fa - female atrium; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ps - penis sheath; pv - prostatic vesicle; spv - spermiducal vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; va - vagina. Scale bars: 100 µm (A - E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873005" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">3A-D</figureCitation>
). Ejaculatory duct 455 
<normalizedToken id="892445049EB08FF0B3377C66529FDE86" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, extending from proximal end of prostatic vesicle to proximal end of seminal vesicle. Prostatic vesicle oval, with 13-µm thick muscular wall, lined with thick glandular epithelium (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="D11B09CF62857BF30D2F41023A4F07E4" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eucestoplana cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975), holotype (ZMUG 25472), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B - E) (anterior to the right). A. Male and female copulatory apparatuses; B - D. Male copulatory apparatus; E. Adhesive organ. Abbreviations: ad - adhesive organ; ed - ejaculatory duct; fa - female atrium; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ps - penis sheath; pv - prostatic vesicle; spv - spermiducal vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; va - vagina. Scale bars: 100 µm (A - E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873005" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">3A, C</figureCitation>
). Penis papilla with sclerotized stylet (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="E3A26786D18A5460120B14341F088F8A" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eucestoplana cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975), holotype (ZMUG 25472), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B - E) (anterior to the right). A. Male and female copulatory apparatuses; B - D. Male copulatory apparatus; E. Adhesive organ. Abbreviations: ad - adhesive organ; ed - ejaculatory duct; fa - female atrium; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ps - penis sheath; pv - prostatic vesicle; spv - spermiducal vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; va - vagina. Scale bars: 100 µm (A - E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873005" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">3A, D</figureCitation>
). Penis sheath cone-shaped (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="2858FBB31630924128F92023E69CC2D1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eucestoplana cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975), holotype (ZMUG 25472), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B - E) (anterior to the right). A. Male and female copulatory apparatuses; B - D. Male copulatory apparatus; E. Adhesive organ. Abbreviations: ad - adhesive organ; ed - ejaculatory duct; fa - female atrium; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ps - penis sheath; pv - prostatic vesicle; spv - spermiducal vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; va - vagina. Scale bars: 100 µm (A - E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873005" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">3A, D</figureCitation>
). Male atrium lined with cilia, opening to exterior via male gonopore with depth of about 95 
<normalizedToken id="BAAC5F99B31A2762C597F2E15B1A430E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="E119EAA43EE4DD47C0A761D7E98CE2F3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eucestoplana cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975), holotype (ZMUG 25472), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B - E) (anterior to the right). A. Male and female copulatory apparatuses; B - D. Male copulatory apparatus; E. Adhesive organ. Abbreviations: ad - adhesive organ; ed - ejaculatory duct; fa - female atrium; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ps - penis sheath; pv - prostatic vesicle; spv - spermiducal vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; va - vagina. Scale bars: 100 µm (A - E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873005" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">3D</figureCitation>
). Pair of oviducts running posteriorly, then connecting to proximal end of vagina independently. Vagina curving dorsally after receiving oviducts. Adhesive organ present at posterior end of body (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="04EC99B770E6491648888CD2B310E0A3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eucestoplana cuneata (Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975), holotype (ZMUG 25472), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B - E) (anterior to the right). A. Male and female copulatory apparatuses; B - D. Male copulatory apparatus; E. Adhesive organ. Abbreviations: ad - adhesive organ; ed - ejaculatory duct; fa - female atrium; fg - female gonopore; ma - male atrium; mg - male gonopore; ps - penis sheath; pv - prostatic vesicle; spv - spermiducal vesicle; st - stylet; sv - seminal vesicle; va - vagina. Scale bars: 100 µm (A - E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873005" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">3E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E1EC4BB5DE20633C4F1B3AEA330A8B82" doi="10.3897/zse.99.102604.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/873005" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="CD2144DEB8A5487465CA3B86212BC4AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<emphasis id="B91E980E5C65AED41AFD65A452C05759" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="05715491212B6905DCC3442ADA47302A" baseAuthorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1975" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Eucestoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="9DFF2EFBB9506A64B4CDE658A9D7115E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Eucestoplana cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt, 1975), holotype (ZMUG 25472), schematic diagram (
<emphasis id="BDB08CC7B395CD76E6FB5B83EDBFBFBF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">A</emphasis>
) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (
<emphasis id="E458E76F5B0E008C431E1D22E034D6BF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">B</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="12E952F3272E1B5A2D723DBAF9ACD778" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">E</emphasis>
) (anterior to the right). 
<emphasis id="211DFEF2D560D3D99A199E667738FDC6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">A.</emphasis>
Male and female copulatory apparatuses; 
<emphasis id="7E7D5C9AECDB903BF527CEC9DA88F552" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">B</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="69F2F8F4B51C9BFD041B29777F04268A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">D.</emphasis>
Male copulatory apparatus; 
<emphasis id="619C32C150F890743C6A76E96F473AD1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">E.</emphasis>
Adhesive organ. Abbreviations: 
<emphasis id="A0AFB4C998644F9DCE04827973150A5B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">ad</emphasis>
- adhesive organ; 
<emphasis id="C53C2C92C91F3157E8D6501070383B7A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">ed</emphasis>
- ejaculatory duct; 
<emphasis id="4429ECD62CC02C5DD4A60C6762DF584A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">fa</emphasis>
- female atrium; 
<emphasis id="25B10A4160FBD5954AD0650C646104FE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">fg</emphasis>
- female gonopore; 
<emphasis id="A13608350513099621C6B09271874E40" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">ma</emphasis>
- male atrium; 
<emphasis id="93495AAF2DB2F57BC24D3296E3C0BC6E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">mg</emphasis>
- male gonopore; 
<emphasis id="7520D98B26C4FD5C0EE5D288DAE8F598" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">ps</emphasis>
- penis sheath; 
<emphasis id="70EAC0B4B8F8B0065DD7CF56276C3D8C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">pv</emphasis>
- prostatic vesicle; 
<emphasis id="6AAF00105EFF90D6E6CA55769F12105F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">spv</emphasis>
- spermiducal vesicle; 
<emphasis id="59B96D2594C301C28CE15FDE289E6930" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">st</emphasis>
-stylet; 
<emphasis id="1AAADFD1B11800F23ECFF7F8351C041E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">sv</emphasis>
- seminal vesicle; 
<emphasis id="F6BD628F88A7BE873E4FBB95CF980FB4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">va</emphasis>
- vagina. Scale bars: 100 
<normalizedToken id="8BA6CA9D9880DBB92870B116399A685C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="78DF66226F1E486180F48B66E6674F35" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">A</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="CD8F57A109D7AB05044E6799F37AA48A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6B80F40CD8AEFF65FB9CB87B33A55D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" type="description">
<paragraph id="51054D4BEEC0532416714C972BF127D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
Supplementary description of the specimen of 
<taxonomicName id="BCEA2D948F557A3B4B05CC8FB5CFF308" lsidName="E. cuneata" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="E444E22F030EE2482CB3DBC9E1C89385" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">E. cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Fiji Islands.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2C056200354F6FC2360FDDD42567A819" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Male copulatory apparatus composed of true seminal vesicle, interpolated prostatic vesicle, and penis papilla. Stylet not well observed possibly due to fixation state. Seminal vesicle elongated, posteriorly turning 180° right, and then leading to ejaculatory duct. Ejaculatory duct running to anterior, curving posteriorly behind male atrium, then connecting to proximal end of prostatic vesicle; part of ejaculatory duct from proximal end of seminal vesicle to proximal end of prostatic vesicle ca. 1 mm long. Prostatic vesicle oval; internal glandular epithelium not well observed possibly due to fixation state. Penis sheath cone-shaped. Male atrium lined with cilia, opening to exterior via male gonopore. Female reproductive organs and adhesive organ not available to be observed possibly due to fixation state.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6539C17F6D0165CF317E0E8A12882FEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="887D084E870FECA0D73AB3A6D126EC98" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D8049F188FF258FA7B29AAA7E88F4E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
<taxonomicName id="CA6FB13AE781BFFE8E8BF13E4BA4C739" baseAuthorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1975" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Eucestoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="E0EA4E69FE8F864920BE723662C7B679" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">Eucestoplana cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described from the Galapagos Islands. Our re-examination of the holotype revealed that the ejaculatory duct from proximal end of prostatic vesicle to proximal end of seminal vesicle was over twice as long as that in the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="B1460D598FE2F9B141371BC0E52348A6" author="Sopott-Ehlers, B" journalOrPublisher="Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" pagination="193 - 222" refId="B28" refString="Sopott-Ehlers, B, Schmidt, P, 1975. Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos XIV. Polycladida (Turbellaria). Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens 54: 193 - 222" title="Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos XIV. Polycladida (Turbellaria)." volume="54" year="1975">Sopott-Ehlers and Schmidt 1975</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 9).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F2F5F40E0DE5A2B28AC803928D8748F" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
We tentatively identified the present specimens from Kouri Island as 
<taxonomicName id="0C748980BF768571B65112594DFA434F" baseAuthorityName="Sopott-Ehlers &amp; Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1975" family="Cestoplanidae" genus="Eucestoplana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eucestoplana cuneata" order="Polycladida" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cuneata">Eucestoplana cf. cuneata</taxonomicName>
. The specimens were consistent with the type specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="B1498C782A4D887C5B6D7C4792D835F8" lsidName="E. cuneata" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="93E9FB5008F6D2F4746F9C2AF07F46FE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">E. cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having: 
<emphasis id="EB28EF6FB99EA902C06F6C951F64FEBA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">i</emphasis>
) the eyespots distributed only anterior to the brain, 
<emphasis id="D6DF686F7E029B5731A6A19B2BD3432A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">ii</emphasis>
) the wedged sclerotized stylet, 
<emphasis id="E8C21FCA90E1FEEF57A7A589EC0D5144" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">iii</emphasis>
) an adhesive organ at posterior end of body, 
<emphasis id="99C49C7A7A02FC723142DDF06301373D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">iv</emphasis>
) the conical penis sheath, and 
<emphasis id="917F405F9FB0A56A7144F1D0C350BCF3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">v</emphasis>
) the fully ciliated inner wall of male atrium (
<bibRefCitation id="15513FB9D95E84CC09FE106F77DEB2C0" author="Sopott-Ehlers, B" journalOrPublisher="Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" pagination="193 - 222" refId="B28" refString="Sopott-Ehlers, B, Schmidt, P, 1975. Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos XIV. Polycladida (Turbellaria). Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens 54: 193 - 222" title="Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos XIV. Polycladida (Turbellaria)." volume="54" year="1975">Sopott-Ehlers and Schmidt 1975</bibRefCitation>
). The following morphological differences between the specimens from Japan and the Galapagos Islands should be tested by genetic analyses if these are interspecific or intraspecific: 
<emphasis id="1F9C8954E4C414D0904EE1E7EE2C3478" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">i</emphasis>
) body length (24-30 mm in our specimens; 10 mm in the original description), 
<emphasis id="6402664A78BD211CD8490F210FFAFF3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">ii</emphasis>
) eyespot number (about 30 in our specimens; 35-40 in the original description), and 
<emphasis id="71E9AFC3176525AB9DD09A15E3B95632" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">iii</emphasis>
) length of ejaculatory duct from the proximal end of prostatic vesicle to proximal end of seminal vesicle (over 900 
<normalizedToken id="15B4950C8CEEDA7F91A6C2F93F4F7207" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in our specimens; 455 
<normalizedToken id="5956AB968E1097052647FB4E51669823" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in the holotype).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5AA83831AF43AC0443A1B2905DC2B75E" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">
The wide range of distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="DC62436E411C637C342792D3BB5CACFF" lsidName="E. cuneata" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="BD146CCD9174819AB3BA4ED6066CCEF2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">E. cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
needs to be verified in future studies. So far, this species has been collected from the Galapagos Islands (
<bibRefCitation id="53B5A18479F26B68415AD9ECC65129C9" author="Sopott-Ehlers, B" journalOrPublisher="Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" pagination="193 - 222" refId="B28" refString="Sopott-Ehlers, B, Schmidt, P, 1975. Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos XIV. Polycladida (Turbellaria). Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens 54: 193 - 222" title="Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos XIV. Polycladida (Turbellaria)." volume="54" year="1975">Sopott-Ehlers and Schmidt 1975</bibRefCitation>
) and the Fiji Islands (
<bibRefCitation id="51D97D4488290E51851DCDC5B26A9CCF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00027619" author="Tajika, K-I" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" pagination="333 - 339" refId="B31" refString="Tajika, K-I, Raj, U, Horiuchi, S, Koshida, Y, 1991. Polyclad turbellarians collected on the Osaka University Expedition to Viti Levu, Fiji, in 1985, with remarks on distribution and phylogeny of the genus Discoplana. Hydrobiologia 227 (1): 333 - 339, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00027619" title="Polyclad turbellarians collected on the Osaka University Expedition to Viti Levu, Fiji, in 1985, with remarks on distribution and phylogeny of the genus Discoplana." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00027619" volume="227" year="1991">Tajika et al. 1991</bibRefCitation>
). Our re-examination of a specimen collected from the Fiji Islands suggested that it corresponded to the holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="B517E657D2795D1A7551FF04F4BB72D5" lsidName="E. cuneata" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="B1081A74A1E76CC87DB65A96EE2ACAE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">E. cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the 
<emphasis id="C22B839CD9BA607C3EA909BD83181A05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">i</emphasis>
) conical shape of penis sheath and 
<emphasis id="D64CA0619BDB7A8E720982490A40AAFF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">ii</emphasis>
) the fully ciliated inner wall of male atrium. However, the Fiji specimen might be identical to 
<taxonomicName id="0C711AC789C1D5DC872C67827566C95D" lsidName="E. cuneata" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" rank="species" species="cuneata">E. cf. cuneata</taxonomicName>
from the Okinawa Islands because it was more similar to Japanese specimens by having a long ejaculatory duct (about 1 mm). Future studies will resolve the doubt of the actual distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="9599821695DACD9313B6629864F735D5" lsidName="E. cuneata" pageId="0" pageNumber="363" rank="species" species="cuneata">
<emphasis id="C64C57EFA638657280B50AC6201486F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="363">E. cuneata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by comparing their morphology such as the body length, the eyespot number, and the male reproductive organs in more detail between different populations from the Galapagos Islands and the Fiji Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>