194 lines
17 KiB
XML
194 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.195.2342" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4882baaf-3747-4865-87e1-49e725955118" ID-PMC="PMC3361087" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-195-1" ID-PubMed="22679386" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-195-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 195" ModsDocTitle="The velvet spiders: an atlas of the Eresidae (Arachnida, Araneae)" checkinTime="1451249010182" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Miller, Jeremy A., Griswold, Charles E., Scharff, Nikolaj, Řezac, Milan, Szűts, Tamas & Marhabaie, Mohammad" docDate="2012" docId="DEFD958C2BD2B41900CAB230ED094FF8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 195: 1-144" docOrigin="ZooKeys 195" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.195.2342" docTitle="Paradonea striatipes Lawrence" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="FFABFFD09B65FF5EFFA6FFE4FFE1FFC2" masterDocTitle="The velvet spiders: an atlas of the Eresidae (Arachnida, Araneae)" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1668153919305" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The velvet spiders: an atlas of the Eresidae (Arachnida, Araneae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Miller, Jeremy A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Griswold, Charles E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Scharff, Nikolaj</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Řezac, Milan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Szűts, Tamas</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Marhabaie, Mohammad</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>195</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>144</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.195.2342</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.195.2342</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-195-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152035675" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DEFD958C2BD2B41900CAB230ED094FF8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DEFD958C2BD2B41900CAB230ED094FF8" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Paradonea_striatipes" authority="Lawrence" class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea striatipes" order="Araneae" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes">Paradonea striatipes Lawrence</taxonomicName>
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Figs 10A, B13J, K68
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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, G, H71
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea striat" order="Araneae" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striat">Paradonea striat</taxonomicName>
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ipes Lawrence, 1968: 116-118, figs 2f, 3b.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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Distinguished from other
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<taxonomicName family="Eresidae" lsidName="" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" rank="family">Eresidae</taxonomicName>
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except
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Gandanameno" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gandanameno" order="Araneae" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gandanameno</taxonomicName>
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, some
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Dresserus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dresserus" order="Araneae" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dresserus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus dumicola" order="Araneae" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumicola">Stegodyphus dumicola</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus tentoriicola" order="Araneae" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tentoriicola">Stegodyphus tentoriicola</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Loureedia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loureedia annulipes" order="Araneae" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulipes">Loureedia annulipes</taxonomicName>
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by the bifid conductor
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<pageBreakToken pageId="67" pageNumber="68" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
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Figs 13J, K, 68G, H); distinguished from
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Dresserus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dresserus" order="Araneae" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dresserus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Gandanameno" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gandanameno" order="Araneae" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gandanameno</taxonomicName>
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by the palpal conformation, which has a proximal-ventral axis with the helical embolus encircling the distal part (obliquely ventral-dorsal in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Dresserus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dresserus" order="Araneae" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dresserus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Gandanameno" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gandanameno" order="Araneae" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gandanameno</taxonomicName>
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with the embolus encircling the ventral part, Figs 12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
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, 13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
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, 33
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–K">I-K</normalizedToken>
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, 48
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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); distinguished from
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus dumicola" order="Araneae" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumicola">Stegodyphus dumicola</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus tentoriicola" order="Araneae" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tentoriicola">Stegodyphus tentoriicola</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Loureedia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loureedia annulipes" order="Araneae" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulipes">Loureedia annulipes</taxonomicName>
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by the shape of the conductor branches, which strongly diverge in orientation and feature a curved, spine-like dorsal branch and a broad ventral branch with several small sharp processes
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<pageBreakToken pageId="68" pageNumber="69" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
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Fig. 68H). Distinguished from other eresids except
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea parva" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">Paradonea parva</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea presleyi" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="presleyi">Paradonea presleyi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Seothyra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Seothyra" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Seothyra</taxonomicName>
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, and some
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stegodyphus</taxonomicName>
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by the enlarged leg I (Fig. 68A, B), distinguished from
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea parva" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">Paradonea parva</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea presleyi" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="presleyi">Paradonea presleyi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Seothyra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Seothyra" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Seothyra</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of a dense brush of setae, especially on the tibia (Fig. 68A, B); distinguished from
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea presleyi" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="presleyi">Paradonea presleyi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stegodyphus</taxonomicName>
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by the separation of the median eyes on the vertical axis (Fig. 10A; broadly overlapping in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea presleyi" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="presleyi">Paradonea presleyi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stegodyphus</taxonomicName>
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, Figs 11E, 70I).
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea striatipes" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes">Paradonea striatipes</taxonomicName>
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has the PLE in a more advanced position (ca. 0.25) than most other eresids (Fig. 11B;
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Dresserus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dresserus" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dresserus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Gandanameno" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gandanameno" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gandanameno</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stegodyphus</taxonomicName>
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may also have the PLE around 0.25). The markings, especially the distribution of white setae, are unique (Fig. 68
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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). The palpi are relatively small proportional to body size compared to other eresids (Fig. 68B).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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Male (Outjo Namibia, NMBA05700, BMSA): Carapace with broad band of white setae around margin and between AME; cephalic region subtriangular, longer than wide, strongly raised; AME distinctly smaller than PME (AME/PME 0.33), median eyes widely separated on horizontal axis, adjacent on vertical axis; ALE on distinct tubercles; PER much narrower than AER (PER/AER 0.82), PLE position on carapace 0.25; clypeal hood forms acute angle; fovea shallow. Chelicerae with lateral boss, basal three quarters covered in white setae, contiguous mesally. Legs with bands of white setae, especially dorsally along the length of most segments; leg I somewhat thickened and elongated, tibia I with brush of dark setae; with scattered ventral macrosetae on tibia
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<normalizedToken originalValue="II–IV">II-IV</normalizedToken>
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and metatarsus and tarsus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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. Abdomen black with series of irregular transverse stripes formed by thick patches of white setae (Figs 10A, B, 68
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Male palp with proximal-distal axis; tegulum moderately elongate, subtrapezoidal; second loop of sperm duct follows complicated path featuring multiple switchbacks; conductor and embolus together form apical complex making 1.5 helical turns; conductor with conspicuous bifid apophysis arising from retrolateral side, consisting of a spine-like dorsal branch curving distally for nearly 180° and a broad, flattened ventral branch with several small sharp processes along the ventral and distal margins; tegular division longer than embolic division; cymbium with a few mesosetae (only slightly thicker than normal setae) over dorsal to prolateral surface (Figs 12J, K, 68G, H).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Female: Unknown.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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Figure 68.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–J">A-J</normalizedToken>
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males of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea striatipes" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes">Paradonea striatipes</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea splendens" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendens">Paradonea splendens</taxonomicName>
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.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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, G, H
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea striatipes" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes">Paradonea striatipes</taxonomicName>
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, male from Otjivasandu, Namibia (NMN)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
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, I, J
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Paradonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paradonea splendens" order="Araneae" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendens">Paradonea splendens</taxonomicName>
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, male from Sunnyside, South Africa (C1076, SAM)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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habitus of male, photomicrographs
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–J">G-J</normalizedToken>
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illustrations of left male palp A, D dorsal view B, E ventral view C, F anterior view G, I prolateral view H, J retrolateral view. C conductor E embolus ST subtegulum T tegulum.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |