643 lines
73 KiB
XML
643 lines
73 KiB
XML
<document id="0AE0CBE6A5BB16257BB8FE599FCED24E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.179186" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7fa1758-9e79-4d98-b332-2c55825746ff" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="179186" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459942220393" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lehr, Edgar & Köhler, Gunther" docDate="2007" docId="DE32A01D7564A048A9A9FA5BFD17F8E4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01621p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1621" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pristimantis ventriguttatus Lehr & Köhler, 2007, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="220BD8657565A04FA93EFFC4FFA5FFA6" masterDocTitle="A new species of the Pristimantis orestes Group (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Cordillera Occidental in northern Peru" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698230568446" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="2BC7B53461F050A4D91A239EF20452E9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D91B1385D8BBE5C0B35DA82B9F879B05">
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<mods:title id="11C2800B1A172975CC8D2A35C0D4ADFE">A new species of the Pristimantis orestes Group (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Cordillera Occidental in northern Peru</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="915CF698810F864216E140356FD5DECB" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="569DEC43D8BAB4AC8E263E38C1DFAFD2">
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<mods:roleTerm id="14A3965474F10369742FC3A7217F72F7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DA8F52E3AAAFDEDD572F85F70895E0A8">Lehr, Edgar</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8E163CA1E74238D76E4828EBE29532E4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F94F4DB07D30B5A2A98A4BF00AD6F359">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0AA68EE459FFF5D09A59F47EA53D3D9B">Köhler, Gunther</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="157A07D14EC8E1C2DE0CC8FD4E4B7222">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D7BA8CA0B4F6BF4EB3917AB1FA69D48D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="03C8DE261BAE1A51D6963285E7687967">
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<mods:date id="D072344CC5A764333F0E483416B0B7E6">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A9E573F7080DF2B0EBDAC9DB34D454B8" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="963E581C0FB9344BFED0F531F57AE7A6">1621</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="96BA55A1F56B23BED487730566DDC7DD">45</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="AFEFD71990300FCE1855EBCB615A2738">54</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="F108B96657CA2D8DEDB8D80B985D7F7F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="89847117B9656A93CB11651D65DB72C3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.179186</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7333A8E0605C41AF027B2C2A4FB55142" type="GBIF-Dataset">e7fa1758-9e79-4d98-b332-2c55825746ff</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="151008D48A3C2A5621567B09211549B2" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F5E4EE234335349203D1AF66B1582825" type="Zenodo-Dep">179186</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DE32A01D7564A048A9A9FA5BFD17F8E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6248675" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119376051" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6248675" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE32A01D7564A048A9A9FA5BFD17F8E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE32A01D7564A048A9A9FA5BFD17F8E4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="1E8142807564A04EA9A9FA5BFDCAFA1F" box="[151,623,1439,1465]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5624110B7564A04EA9A9FA5BFDCAFA1F" blockId="1.[151,623,1439,1465]" box="[151,623,1439,1465]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="0D6CA6677564A04EA9A9FA5BFDCAFA1F" bold="true" box="[151,623,1439,1465]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197564A04EA9A9FA5BFDCAFA1F" bold="true" box="[151,623,1439,1465]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName id="919B6A887564A04EA9A9FA5BFE7DFA1F" box="[151,472,1439,1465]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197564A04EA9A9FA5BFE7DFA1F" bold="true" box="[151,472,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Pristimantis ventriguttatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FDC70627564A04EA8E1FA5BFDCAFA1F" box="[479,623,1439,1465]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1E8142807564A04EA9A9FA2EFBEAF972" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="5624110B7564A04EA9A9FA2EFC4FF9FA" blockId="1.[151,1437,1514,2028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197564A04EA9A9FA2EFEB3F9A0" box="[151,278,1514,1542]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<typeStatus id="8920AFA97564A04EA9A9FA2EFEB5F9A0" box="[151,272,1514,1542]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="308A89CE7564A04EA821FA2EFEFAF9A0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[287,351,1514,1542]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">SMF</collectionCode>
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86413, an adult female (
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<figureCitation id="CEA00D8E7564A04EAB9CFA2EFD49F9A0" box="[674,748,1514,1542]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,254,944,968]" captionTargetBox="[308,1283,527,902]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[287,1299,514,920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pristimantis ventriguttatus (SMF 86413, holotype, SVL 29.4 mm) in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Photos by E. Lehr." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/179187/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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), collected in amplexus with male
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<collectionCode id="308A89CE7564A04EAD8AFA2EFB51F9A0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[1204,1268,1514,1542]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">SMF</collectionCode>
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86414, from Hacienda Taulis (approx.
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<geoCoordinate id="33AF77CC7564A04EA8D8F9D1FDF4F997" box="[486,593,1557,1585]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" precision="925" value="-6.8333335">6° 50' S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="33AF77CC7564A04EAB5EF9D1FD40F997" box="[608,741,1557,1585]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" precision="925" value="-79.166664">79° 10' W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="9163BCEE7564A04EABCDF9D1FCFFF997" box="[755,858,1557,1585]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
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), Provincia de Santa Cruz, Departamento de Cajamarca,
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<collectingCountry id="2E8C519B7564A04EA80EF984FECBF9FA" box="[304,366,1600,1628]" name="Peru" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Peru</collectingCountry>
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, obtained by H.-W. Koepcke on
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<date id="222537CB7564A04EAA31F984FC42F9FA" box="[783,999,1600,1628]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" value="1952-02-02">2 February 1952</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5624110B7564A04EA9F8F9AFFBEAF972" blockId="1.[151,1437,1514,2028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197564A04EA9F8F9AFFEE2F922" box="[198,327,1643,1668]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<typeStatus id="8920AFA97564A04EA9F8F9AFFEE5F922" box="[198,320,1643,1668]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Three adult males:
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<collectionCode id="308A89CE7564A04EAB07F9AEFDD1F922" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[569,628,1642,1668]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">SMF</collectionCode>
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86414, collected with the
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<typeStatus id="8920AFA97564A04EAA88F9AEFB85F922" box="[950,1056,1642,1668]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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;
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<collectionCode id="308A89CE7564A04EAD11F9AEFBCFF922" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[1071,1130,1642,1668]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">SMF</collectionCode>
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86416,
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<collectionCode id="308A89CE7564A04EADF0F9AEFAACF922" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[1230,1289,1642,1668]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">SMF</collectionCode>
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86415, partially desiccated, from Hacienda Taulis (approx.
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<geoCoordinate id="33AF77CC7564A04EABD2F956FCF4F90A" box="[748,849,1682,1708]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" precision="925" value="-6.8333335">6° 50 'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="33AF77CC7564A04EAA5DF956FC47F90A" box="[867,994,1682,1708]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" precision="925" value="-79.166664">79° 10' W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="9163BCEE7564A04EAACCF956FBF7F90A" box="[1010,1106,1682,1708]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
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), Provincia de Santa Cruz, Departamento de Cajamarca,
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<collectingCountry id="2E8C519B7564A04EA8CDF97EFD89F972" box="[499,556,1722,1748]" name="Peru" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Peru</collectingCountry>
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||
, obtained by H.-W. Koepcke on
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<date id="222537CB7564A04EAA94F97EFBEFF972" box="[938,1098,1722,1748]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" value="1952-01">January 1952</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="1E8142807564A04DA9F8F926FE64FB23" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="5624110B7564A04DA9F8F926FDE3FE6C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1514,2028]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,152,458]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197564A04EA9F8F926FEE3F95A" bold="true" box="[198,326,1762,1788]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A member of the
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<taxonomicName id="919B6A887564A04EAB1EF927FCACF95A" box="[544,777,1763,1788]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orestes">
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197564A04EAB1EF927FCACF95A" box="[544,777,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Pristimantis orestes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Group having the following combination of characters: (1) skin on dorsum shagreen with small tubercles coalesced into ridges dorsolaterally, forming discontinuous dorsolateral folds; venter areolate; discoidal fold present; (2) tympanic membrane and annulus present, upper margin slightly concealed by supratympanic fold; (3) snout long, acutely rounded in dorsal view, rounded in lateral view; (4) upper eyelid bearing small tubercles; upper eyelid width narrower than IOD; cranial crests absent; (5) dentigerous processes of vomers small, oblique; (6) males with vocal sac and vocal slits, nuptial pads absent; (7) Finger I shorter than Finger II; discs on outer fingers broadly expanded, slightly truncate; (8) fingers with lateral fringes; (9) ulnar and tarsal tubercles present; (10) heel with small tubercles; inner tarsal fold present; (11) inner metatarsal tubercle oval, twice the size of subconical outer metatarsal tubercle, elevated, slightly conical in lateral view; few, low supernumerary plantar tubercles present; (12) toes with lateral fringes; toes webbed basally; Toe V slightly longer than Toe III; toe discs about same size as fingers, slightly truncate; (13) in ethanol, dorsum pale brown with dark brown flecks and narrow, tan middorsal stripe; venter brown with tan blotches and spots; axilla, groin, flanks, anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs, and inner surfaces of shanks, dark brown with tan blotches and spots; iris dark gray; (14) SVL in single female
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<quantity id="9163BCEE7567A04DAC57FE4CFF6DFE6C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.94" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="29.4">29.4 mm</quantity>
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, in males
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<quantity id="9163BCEE7567A04DA803FE74FE42FE6C" box="[317,487,432,458]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" metricValueMax="2.18" metricValueMin="1.78" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="19.8" valueMax="21.8" valueMin="17.8">17.8–21.8 mm</quantity>
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(n = 3).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="02E441837567A04DA9A9FC74FE91FC4C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/179187/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[308,1283,527,902]" targetPageId="2">
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||
<paragraph id="5624110B7567A04DA9A9FC74FE91FC4C" blockId="2.[151,1435,944,1002]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA9A9FC74FEBDFC6E" bold="true" box="[151,280,944,968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DA821FC75FD99FC6E" box="[287,572,945,968]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA821FC75FD99FC6E" box="[287,572,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Pristimantis ventriguttatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(SMF 86413, holotype, SVL 29.4 mm) in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Photos by E. Lehr.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<paragraph id="5624110B7567A04DA9F8FBD8FE64FB23" blockId="2.[151,1437,1051,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DA9F8FBD8FDA4FB93" box="[198,513,1052,1077]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA9F8FBD8FDA4FB93" box="[198,513,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Pristimantis ventriguttatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is tentatively assigned to the
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAA5CFBD8FC6BFB93" box="[866,974,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. o re s t e s</emphasis>
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Group by having a contrasting pattern of tan blotches and spots on dark brown in the groin, a small SVL of no more than
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<quantity id="9163BCEE7567A04DAD43FB87FB74FBFB" box="[1149,1233,1091,1117]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="320A6CFA7567A04DADDCFB87FF73FB23" author="Duellman" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Duellman, W. E., Lehr, E. & Venegas, P. J. (2006) Two new species of Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from northern Peru. Zootaxa, 1285, 51 - 64." type="journal article" year="2006">
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||
Duellman
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAC5EFB80FA39FBFB" box="[1376,1436,1092,1117]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and a robust body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E8142807567A04DA9FBFB50FEB3F849" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7567A04DA9FBFB50FBDFF99B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1051,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DA9FBFB50FDA1FB0B" box="[197,516,1172,1197]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA9FBFB50FDA1FB0B" box="[197,516,1172,1197]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Pristimantis ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
is readily distinguished from the other 11 species (see Table 1) currently assigned to the
|
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<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA866FB78FE60FB73" box="[344,453,1212,1237]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. o re s t e s</emphasis>
|
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Group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="320A6CFA7567A04DAB12FB7FFC90FB73" author="Duellman" box="[556,821,1211,1237]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Duellman, W. E., Lehr, E. & Venegas, P. J. (2006) Two new species of Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from northern Peru. Zootaxa, 1285, 51 - 64." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Duellman
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||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAB94FB78FD7AFB73" box="[682,735,1212,1237]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2006
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</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
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<bibRefCitation id="320A6CFA7567A04DAA74FB7FFBD2FB73" author="Lehr" box="[842,1143,1211,1237]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Lehr, E. & Duellman, W. E. (2007 a) Two new species of Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Cordillera Occidental in Peru. Copeia, 2007, 140 - 149." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Lehr & Duellman 2007a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) by having tan blotches and spots on a brown venter, anterior and posterior surfaces of the thighs, and groin, discs on outer fingers broadly expanded, and a long snout with a small terminal tubercle.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAA88FAC8FB54FA83" box="[950,1265,1292,1317]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAA88FAC8FB54FA83" box="[950,1265,1292,1317]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Pristimantis ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DACB8FAC8FEA6FAEB" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cordovae">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DACB8FAC8FEA6FAEB" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. cordovae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DA805FAF0FE3DFAEB" box="[315,408,1331,1357]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA805FAF0FEECFAEB" box="[315,329,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA869FAF0FE3DFAEB" box="[343,408,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">vidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
dorsolateral folds, dentigerous processes of the vomers, and vocal slits, but male
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAC73FAF0FEB4FAD3" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. v e n - triguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA866FA98FE1CFAD3" box="[344,441,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. v i d u a</emphasis>
|
||
lack nuptial pads (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAA01FA98FC6AFAD3" box="[831,975,1372,1397]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cordovae">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAA01FA98FC6AFAD3" box="[831,975,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. cordovae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Furthermore the digits are broadly expanded and mostly truncate in
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAB23FA40FD40FA3B" box="[541,741,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAB23FA40FD44FA3B" box="[541,737,1412,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">P. ventriguttatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
whereas narrowly expanded and marginate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAC35FA40FA30FA3B" box="[1291,1429,1412,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cordovae">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAC35FA40FA30FA3B" box="[1291,1429,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. cordovae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DA9A9FA68FED4FA63" box="[151,369,1452,1477]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA9A9FA68FED4FA63" box="[151,369,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Pristimantis vidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a short snout without terminal tubercle (snout long with terminal tubercle in
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAC74FA68FEB4FA4B" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. v e n - triguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
), and lacks lateral fringes (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DABF0FA10FC2BFA4B" box="[718,910,1492,1517]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DABF0FA10FC2BFA4B" box="[718,910,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Furthermore, dorsolateral folds are usually tan in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DA9E1FA38FE99F9B3" box="[223,316,1532,1557]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA9E1FA38FE99F9B3" box="[223,316,1532,1557]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. vidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(not distinct from surrounding color or blackish brown in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAADDFA38FB07F9B3" box="[995,1186,1532,1557]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAADDFA38FB07F9B3" box="[995,1186,1532,1557]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the venter is tan with fine, small brown spots (brown with tan blotches and spots in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAA94F9E0FBCCF99B" box="[938,1129,1572,1597]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAA94F9E0FBCCF99B" box="[938,1129,1572,1597]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7567A04DA9FBF988FEB3F849" blockId="2.[151,1437,1051,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DA9FBF988FE5AF9C3" box="[197,511,1612,1637]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA9FBF988FE5AF9C3" box="[197,511,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Pristimantis ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAB09F988FD0FF9C3" box="[567,682,1612,1637]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinguis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAB09F988FD0FF9C3" box="[567,682,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. pinguis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occur syntopically at Hacienda Taulis. Both species are of similar size, have dorsolateral folds, tympanum present and males that have vocal slits present and nuptial pads absent. However, fingers and toes are short in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DABEEF958FCE3F913" box="[720,838,1692,1717]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinguis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DABEEF958FCE3F913" box="[720,838,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. pinguis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(long in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAA85F958FBDBF913" box="[955,1150,1692,1717]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAA85F958FBDBF913" box="[955,1150,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) without lateral fringes (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DA81CF900FE40F97B" box="[290,485,1732,1757]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA81CF900FE40F97B" box="[290,485,1732,1757]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), with rounded discs (truncate) that are barely wider than digit proximal to it (discs broadly expanded in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DA8E6F928FD3DF8A3" box="[472,664,1772,1797]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA8E6F928FD3DF8A3" box="[472,664,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), snout short (long), and venter uniformly tan (contrasting pattern consisting of tan blotches and spots on brown). Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAA30F8D0FAE9F88B" authority="Barbour and Noble" authorityName="Barbour and Noble" box="[782,1356,1811,1837]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cajamarcensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAA30F8D0FBE8F88B" box="[782,1101,1812,1837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Pristimantis cajamarcensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Barbour and Noble)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DACB8F8D0FE42F8F3" authority="Barbour and Noble" authorityName="Barbour and Noble" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lymani">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DACB8F8D0FF42F8F3" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. lymani</emphasis>
|
||
(Barbour and Noble)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are widespread in the western Andes of northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E8C519B7567A04DAD02F8FFFBD7F8F3" box="[1084,1138,1851,1877]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
and can easily be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DA804F8A0FE5FF8DB" box="[314,506,1892,1917]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA804F8A0FE5FF8DB" box="[314,506,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having males with nuptial pads (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAD28F8A0FB73F8DB" box="[1046,1238,1892,1917]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAD28F8A0FB73F8DB" box="[1046,1238,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DACB6F8A1FE95F804" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cajamarcensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DACB6F8A1FE95F804" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. cajamarcensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has dorsolateral folds and lateral fringes absent (both present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAAE1F84FFB28F804" box="[991,1165,1931,1954]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAAE1F84FFB28F804" box="[991,1165,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DADEEF84FFA8AF804" box="[1232,1327,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. l y m a n i</emphasis>
|
||
are much larger (male SVL to
|
||
<quantity id="9163BCEE7567A04DA84CF875FE6AF86E" box="[370,463,1969,1992]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.529999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="45.3">45.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DA8CFF875FDF6F86E" box="[497,595,1969,1992]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lymani">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DA8CFF875FDF6F86E" box="[497,595,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. lymani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="9163BCEE7567A04DAB40F875FD78F86E" box="[638,733,1969,1992]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="21.8">21.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DABC3F875FC0EF86E" box="[765,939,1969,1992]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DABC3F875FC0EF86E" box="[765,939,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and have Finger I> II (Finger I <II in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887567A04DAC6AF875FEA3F849" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197567A04DAC6AF875FEA3F849" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="02E441837560A04AA9A9FA42FE01FA66" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/179188/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" targetBox="[286,1286,215,1340]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7560A04AA9A9FA42FE01FA66" blockId="5.[151,1436,1414,1472]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AA9A9FA42FEBFFA38" bold="true" box="[151,282,1414,1438]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of head, and ventral views of hand (C) and foot (D) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AADDAFA42FEA3FA66" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AADDAFA42FEA3FA66" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Pristimantis ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SMF 86413).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E8142807560A04AA9A9FA2BFEEFF9F5" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7560A04AA9A9FA2BFEEFF9F5" blockId="5.[151,1437,1518,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AA9A9FA2BFE77F9AE" box="[151,466,1519,1544]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AA9A9FA2BFE77F9AE" box="[151,466,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Pristimantis ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AAB33FA2BFD2CF9AE" box="[525,649,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. s i m o n s i i</emphasis>
|
||
(Boulenger) may occur in sympatry in Departamento de Cajamarca, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AA9C6F9D0FED2F98B" box="[248,375,1556,1581]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simonsii">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AA9C6F9D0FED2F98B" box="[248,375,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. simonsii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks a tympanum (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AABDDF9D0FC01F98B" box="[739,932,1556,1581]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AABDDF9D0FC01F98B" box="[739,932,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and lacks marginal grooves (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AACB8F9D0FE9FF9F4" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AACB8F9D0FE9FF9F4" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E8142807560A049A9FBF99AFC11FEDC" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7560A049A9FBF99AFC11FEDC" blockId="5.[151,1437,1518,2016]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AA82CF99BFE04F9DE" box="[274,417,1631,1656]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AA82CF99BFE04F9DE" box="[274,417,1631,1656]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having a distinctive color pattern consisting of tan or white blotches and spots on a brown venter are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AA857F943FDF6F906" authority="Lynch" authorityName="Lynch" box="[361,595,1670,1696]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douglasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AA857F943FE48F906" box="[361,493,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. douglasi</emphasis>
|
||
(Lynch)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belonging to the
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AAA18F943FCC7F906" box="[806,866,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">galdi</emphasis>
|
||
Group from eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E8C519B7560A04AAD63F942FB74F906" box="[1117,1233,1670,1696]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AAC32F943FDEAF96E" authority="Duellman and Lehr" authorityName="Duellman and Lehr" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phalaroinguinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AAC32F943FEF4F96E" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Pristimantis phalaroinguinis</emphasis>
|
||
(Duellman and Lehr)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belonging to the
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AAA25F96BFC1BF96E" box="[795,958,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">conspicillatus</emphasis>
|
||
Group from the Cordillera Occidental in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E8C519B7560A04AA838F912FE99F956" box="[262,316,1750,1776]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Departamento de Cajamarca). Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AAA37F913FC68F956" box="[777,973,1751,1776]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AAA37F913FC68F956" box="[777,973,1751,1776]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AAD30F913FB4CF956" box="[1038,1257,1751,1776]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phalaroinguinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AAD30F913FB4CF956" box="[1038,1257,1751,1776]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. phalaroinguinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have discs on outer fingers broadly expanded and truncate, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AABD0F93BFC14F8BE" box="[750,945,1791,1816]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AABD0F93BFC14F8BE" box="[750,945,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has fingers and toes with lateral fringes (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AA82FF8E3FE4DF8E6" box="[273,488,1831,1856]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phalaroinguinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AA82FF8E3FE4DF8E6" box="[273,488,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. phalaroinguinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), is much smaller (SVL in males to
|
||
<quantity id="9163BCEE7560A04AAAAAF8E2FC5EF8E6" box="[916,1019,1830,1856]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="21.8">21.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="9163BCEE7560A04AAD13F8E2FB30F8E6" box="[1069,1173,1830,1856]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1399999999999997" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="31.4">31.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AAD85F8E3FE17F8CE" authority="Duellman & Lehr 2007" authorityName="Duellman & Lehr" authorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phalaroinguinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AAD85F8E3FA39F8E6" box="[1211,1436,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. phalaroinguinis:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="320A6CFA7560A04AA9A9F88AFE17F8CE" author="Duellman" box="[151,434,1870,1896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" refString="Lehr, E. & Duellman, W. E. (2007 a) Two new species of Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Cordillera Occidental in Peru. Copeia, 2007, 140 - 149." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Duellman & Lehr 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a), has areolate skin on the venter (smooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AAAF1F88BFB02F8CE" box="[975,1191,1871,1896]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phalaroinguinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AAAF1F88BFB02F8CE" box="[975,1191,1871,1896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. phalaroinguinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and has vocal slits (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AA82CF8B3FE4CF836" box="[274,489,1911,1936]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phalaroinguinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AA82CF8B3FE4CF836" box="[274,489,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. phalaroinguinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AAB3CF8B3FC99F836" box="[514,828,1911,1936]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AAB3CF8B3FC99F836" box="[514,828,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Pristimantis ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AAA48F8B3FC5CF836" box="[886,1017,1911,1936]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douglasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AAA48F8B3FC5CF836" box="[886,1017,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. douglasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar in size; both have vocal slits, fingers and toes with lateral fringes, and areolate skin on the venter.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AAAC6F85BFA97F81E" box="[1016,1330,1951,1976]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AAAC6F85BFA97F81E" box="[1016,1330,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Pristimantis ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has long dorsolateral folds (extending only to shoulder in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887560A04AABECF803FCF6F846" box="[722,851,1991,2016]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douglasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197560A04AABECF803FCF6F846" box="[722,851,1991,2016]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P. douglasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), posterior border of tongue notched (not notched in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887563A049A98AFF5CFE93FF17" box="[180,310,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douglasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049A98AFF5CFE93FF17" box="[180,310,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">P. douglasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and no nuptial pads in males (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887563A049AA1DFF5CFC01FF17" box="[803,932,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douglasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049AA1DFF5CFC01FF17" box="[803,932,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">P. douglasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887563A049AA82FF5CFF70FF7C" authority="Duellman & Pramuk" authorityName="Duellman & Pramuk" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muscosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049AA82FF5CFB67FF17" box="[956,1218,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Pristimantis muscosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Duellman & Pramuk)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a member of the
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049A894FF04FD93FF7F" box="[426,566,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">unistrigatus</emphasis>
|
||
Group from the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E8C519B7563A049AC58FF04FA39FF7C" box="[1382,1436,192,218]" name="Peru" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
also has an areolate venter with tan spots and fingers and toes with lateral fringes, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887563A049AD94FF2CFACEFEA7" box="[1194,1387,232,257]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049AD94FF2CFACEFEA7" box="[1194,1387,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has dorsolateral folds (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887563A049A8DCFED4FDCBFE8F" box="[482,622,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muscosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049A8DCFED4FDCBFE8F" box="[482,622,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">P. muscosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), tarsal folds (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887563A049AAB9FED4FBB6FE8F" box="[903,1043,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muscosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049AAB9FED4FBB6FE8F" box="[903,1043,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">P. muscosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and lacks conical heel tubercles (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887563A049A81FFEFCFE14FEF7" box="[289,433,312,337]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muscosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049A81FFEFCFE14FEF7" box="[289,433,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">P. muscosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887563A049AB4FFEFCFC91FEF7" box="[625,820,312,337]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049AB4FFEFCFC91FEF7" box="[625,820,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is much smaller (female SVL
|
||
<quantity id="9163BCEE7563A049AD90FEFCFABCFEF4" box="[1198,1305,312,338]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.94" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="29.4">29.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887563A049AC78FEFCFEB4FEDF" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049AC78FEFCFEB4FEDF" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">E. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="9163BCEE7563A049A87FFEA4FE0CFEDC" box="[321,425,352,378]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.61" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="46.1">46.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049A8F0FEA4FDC7FEDF" box="[462,610,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">P. m u s c o s u s:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="320A6CFA7563A049AB53FEA4FC02FEDC" author="Duellman" box="[621,935,352,378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Pramuk, J. B. (1999) Frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in the Andes of northern Peru. Scientific Papers Natural History Museum University of Kansas, 13, 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1999">Duellman & Pramuk 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E8142807563A048A9FBFE4DFB0CFD44" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7563A049A9FBFE4DFD57FCF2" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049A9FBFE4DFD85FE05" bold="true" box="[197,544,393,419]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8920AFA97563A049A893FE4DFDBEFE05" box="[429,539,393,419]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Head as wide as body and nearly as wide as long; head width 39.1% of SVL; head length 40.1% of SVL; snout long with small terminal tubercle, acutely rounded in dorsal view, rounded in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA00D8E7563A049AB73FE19FD03FE5F" box="[589,678,477,505]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[286,1286,215,1340]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[270,1316,194,1390]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of head, and ventral views of hand (C) and foot (D) of Pristimantis ventriguttatus (SMF 86413)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/179188/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B); eye diameter 91.7% of eye–nostril distance; nostrils slightly protuberant, directed dorsolaterally; canthus rostralis nearly straight in dorsal view, angular in profile; loreal region concave; lips rounded; upper eyelid width 93.3% of interorbital distance, with small tubercles; tympanic annulus round, its upper and posterodorsal part obscured by supratympanic fold, tympanum diameter 48.5% of eye diameter; tympanum-eye distance about equal to tympanum diameter; enlarged postrictal tubercles fused into a ridge on each side of head. Choanae small, oval, not concealed by palatal shelf of maxilla; dentigerous processes of vomers small, narrowly separated medially, situated posteromedial to choanae; tongue 3
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049AD95FCCCFB1AFC8E" box="[1195,1215,776,808]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">×</emphasis>
|
||
as long as wide, slightly notched posteriorly, posterior half free.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7563A049A9FBFCA6FA94FA88" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Skin on dorsum shagreen with small tubercles; dorsolateral tubercles forming slender, discontinuous dorsolateral folds, two on each side; skin on flanks tuberculate with tubercles coalescing into ridges; skin on ventral thighs, belly, chest, and throat areolate, skin on other ventral surfaces smooth; discoidal and thoracic folds present; cloacal sheath short; cloacal region without large tubercles. Three small ulnar tubercles on each forearm, round, low; palmar tubercles slightly elevated, outer palmar tubercle bifid, approximately 2
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197563A049ABB1FBFCFD06FBFE" box="[655,675,1080,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">×</emphasis>
|
||
size of oval, inner palmar tubercle; subarticular tubercles well defined, elongate in ventral view, slightly subconical in lateral view; one supernumerary tubercle at base of each finger except Finger I, round, low, approximately one-fourth size of subarticular tubercles; fingers with lateral fringes; Finger I shorter than Finger II; discs on Fingers I–II slightly expanded, most prominent on Fingers III–IV; discs on Fingers III–IV nearly truncate, discs on Fingers I–II rounded; ventral pads of fingers well defined by circumferential grooves (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA00D8E7563A049AD80FAD6FAA9FA88" box="[1214,1292,1298,1326]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[286,1286,215,1340]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[270,1316,194,1390]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of head, and ventral views of hand (C) and foot (D) of Pristimantis ventriguttatus (SMF 86413)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/179188/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7563A049A9FBFAF9FB61F931" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E8C519B7563A049A9FBFAF9FEA5FAF1" box="[197,256,1341,1367]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
limbs slender, tibia length 53.1% of SVL; foot length 50.3% of SVL; upper surfaces of hind limbs tuberculate; posterior and ventral surfaces of thighs areolate; no distinct tubercles on heel or on outer surface of tarsus; inner tarsal fold extending along distal half of tarsus; inner metatarsal tubercle elevated, ovoid, twice size of subconical outer metatarsal tubercle; one, low plantar supernumerary tubercle at base of Toes II, IV, and V, two supernumerary tubercles at base of Toe III; subarticular tubercles well defined, round in ventral view, subconical in lateral view; toes with lateral fringes; basal webbing between Toes IV and V; discs about equal to those on fingers, most prominent on Toe IV; discs nearly truncate; toes having ventral pads well defined by circumferential grooves; relative lengths of toes: 1 <2 <3 <5 <4 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA00D8E7563A049AD0CF991FBDDF9C9" box="[1074,1144,1621,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[286,1286,215,1340]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[270,1316,194,1390]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of head, and ventral views of hand (C) and foot (D) of Pristimantis ventriguttatus (SMF 86413)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/179188/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
D); Toe V slightly longer than Toe III (disc on Toe III and Toe V not reaching distal subarticular tubercle on Toe IV).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7563A049A9FBF961FD30F8A9" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Measurements (in mm) of
|
||
<typeStatus id="8920AFA97563A049A8C3F961FDCDF919" box="[509,616,1701,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: SVL 29.4; tibia length 15.6; foot length 14.8; head length 11.8; head width 11.5; eye diameter 3.3; tympanum diameter 1.6; interorbital distance 3.0; upper eyelid width 2.8; internarial distance 2.5; eye-nostril distance 3.6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7563A048A9FBF8D9FDCFFEA4" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,1858]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Coloration of
|
||
<typeStatus id="8920AFA97563A049A852F8D9FE77F891" box="[364,466,1821,1847]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in preservative (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA00D8E7563A049ABA5F8D9FD47F891" box="[667,738,1821,1847]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,254,944,968]" captionTargetBox="[308,1283,527,902]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[287,1299,514,920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pristimantis ventriguttatus (SMF 86413, holotype, SVL 29.4 mm) in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Photos by E. Lehr." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/179187/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
): Dorsum pale brown with brown blotches; a narrow, pale brown middorsal stripe extending from snout to cloaca; blackish-brown dorsolateral folds; forearm with one ill-defined dark brown transverse bar; hind limbs with indistinct, irregularly shaped dark brown transverse bars; sides of head brown; canthal stripe dark brown; upper half of flanks dark brown, lower half dark brown with tan blotches and spots; axilla, groin, anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs, inner and dorsal surfaces of shanks, and flanks dark brown with tan blotches and spots; ventral surfaces brown with tan blotches and spots; irregular, narrow, tan midventral stripe extending from middle of throat to midlength of belly; iris dark gray. Coloration of
|
||
<typeStatus id="8920AFA97562A048A805FF2CFE04FEA4" box="[315,417,232,258]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in life unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7562A048A9FBFECBFB0CFD44" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A9FBFECBFEE5FE8F" bold="true" box="[197,320,271,297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (in mm) for the three males (SMF 86414, 86416, 86415): SVL 21.3, 21.8, 17.8; tibia length 13.1, 11.1, 7.8; foot length 12.8, 9.4, 7.1; head length 9.3, 8.2, 5.6; head width 9.1, 7.7, 7.9; eye diameter 2.4, 2.5, 2.7; tympanum diameter 1.4, 1.2, 1.1; IOD 2.8, 2.9, 2.8; upper eyelid width 2.8, 1.9, 1.9; inter narial distance 2.3, 1.8, 1.5; eye-nostril distance 2.5, 2.5, 2.3. In one male (SMF 86414), the dorsum and flanks are uniformly dark brown. This individual has fewer tan spots and blotches in the axilla and groin and on the anterior and posterior surfaces of the thighs and the inner surfaces of shanks than the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8920AFA97562A048ADF9FE1CFA94FE54" box="[1223,1329,472,498]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; the venter is tan and brown with few, barely distinct tan blotches and spots. In the other males (SMF 86415, 86416), the dorsum and flanks are brown and tan with blackish-brown flecks dorsolaterally. The groin is pale brown with large tan flecks; anterior surfaces of thighs are dark brown with tan spots, and the posterior surfaces of the thighs are dark brown with elongate, tan blotches. The concealed surfaces of the shanks are pale brown with tan blotches and spots, and the venter is tan with small dark brown spots. All males have nearly straight vocal slits located at posterior half of mouth floor closer to margin of jaw than to tongue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E8142807562A048A9FBFD2BFA3EFC94" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7562A048A9FBFD2BFA3EFC94" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A9FBFD2BFDA4FCAF" bold="true" box="[197,513,751,777]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AB34FD34FCE0FCAF" box="[522,837,752,777]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AB34FD34FCE0FCAF" box="[522,837,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Pristimantis ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8920AFA97562A048AD50FD34FB05FCAC" box="[1134,1184,752,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality described as montane forest by H.-W. Koepcke. Sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AB8CFCDCFCE4FC97" box="[690,833,792,817]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AB8CFCDCFCE4FC97" box="[690,833,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AA9BFCDCFB4FFC97" box="[933,1258,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AA9BFCDCFBC9FC97" box="[933,1132,792,817]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cajamarcensis">P. cajamarcensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AD49FCDCFB42FC97" box="[1143,1255,792,817]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lymani">P. lymani</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AC1CFCDCFA31FC97" box="[1314,1428,792,817]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinguis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AC1CFCDCFA31FC97" box="[1314,1428,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">P. pinguis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E8142807562A048A9FBFCFBFDE2FC0C" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7562A048A9FBFCFBFDE2FC0C" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A9FBFCFBFEF7FCFF" bold="true" box="[197,338,831,857]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AB0BFC84FD7DFCFF" box="[565,728,832,857]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AB0BFC84FD7DFCFF" box="[565,728,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is derived from the Latin noun
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AD77FC84FB37FCFF" box="[1097,1170,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">venter</emphasis>
|
||
meaning belly and the Latin adjective
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A872FCACFE0FFC27" box="[332,426,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">guttatus</emphasis>
|
||
meaning spotted. The name refers to the distinct ventral pattern consisting of tan spots and flecks on dark brown coloration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E8142807562A048A9FBFC73FD17F8E4" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7562A048A9FBFC73FAF8FBD4" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A9FBFC73FE9BFC77" bold="true" box="[197,318,951,977]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048A843FC7CFDC2FC77" box="[381,615,952,977]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orestes">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A843FC7CFDC2FC77" box="[381,615,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Pristimantis orestes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group was defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="320A6CFA7562A048AABFFC7CFB6AFC74" author="Lynch" box="[897,1231,952,978]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Lynch, J. D. & Duellman, W. E. (1997) Frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus in western Ecuador. Systematics, ecology, and biogeography. The University of Kansas, Natural History Museum Special Publication, 23, 1 - 236." type="journal article" year="1997">Lynch and Duellman (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and modified by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="320A6CFA7562A048A9A9FC24FE05FC5C" box="[151,416,992,1018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Duellman, W. E., Lehr, E. & Venegas, P. J. (2006) Two new species of Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from northern Peru. Zootaxa, 1285, 51 - 64." type="journal article">
|
||
Duellman
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A82FFC24FEEEFC5F" box="[273,331,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="320A6CFA7562A048A8E9FC24FCB9FC5C" author="Lehr" box="[471,796,992,1018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Lehr, E. & Duellman, W. E. (2007 a) Two new species of Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Cordillera Occidental in Peru. Copeia, 2007, 140 - 149." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Lehr and Duellman (2007a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as three new species were assigned to the group. With
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048A9A9FBCCFEF2FB87" box="[151,343,1032,1057]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A9A9FBCCFEF2FB87" box="[151,343,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A8B7FBCCFE50FB87" box="[393,501,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">P. o re s t e s</emphasis>
|
||
Group contains 12 species and occurs in páramo, puna, and cloud forest at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="9163BCEE7562A048A826FBF4FE19FBEC" box="[280,444,1072,1098]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.855" metricValueMax="4.01" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="2855.0" valueMax="4010.0" valueMin="1700.0">1700–4010 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level in the Andes from southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E8C519B7562A048AAE2FBF4FB9BFBEC" box="[988,1086,1072,1098]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
to northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E8C519B7562A048ADEBFBF4FAAAFBEC" box="[1237,1295,1072,1098]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. With more intensive exploration of the Cordillera Occidental, the discovery of new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AD5DFB9CFB57FBD7" box="[1123,1266,1112,1137]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AD5DFB9CFB57FBD7" box="[1123,1266,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is likely.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7562A048A9FBFB44FABAFA9C" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Phylogeny of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048A8AAFB44FE43FB3F" box="[404,486,1152,1177]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orestes">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A8AAFB44FE43FB3F" box="[404,486,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">orestes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group is unknown. Both members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AAECFB44FB81FB3F" box="[978,1060,1152,1177]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orestes">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AAECFB44FB81FB3F" box="[978,1060,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">orestes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AD91FB44FA8BFB3F" box="[1199,1326,1152,1177]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AD91FB44FA8BFB3F" box="[1199,1326,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Phrynopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar in several morphological characters:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AB42FB6CFD5EFB67" box="[636,763,1192,1217]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AB42FB6CFD5EFB67" box="[636,763,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Phrynopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have narrow digits that lack pads and marginal grooves, whereas members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048A882FB14FD03FB4F" box="[444,678,1232,1257]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orestes">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A882FB14FD03FB4F" box="[444,678,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Pristimantis orestes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group have narrow digits with pads that have reduced or absent (only in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048A9C4FB3CFE57FAB7" box="[250,498,1272,1297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simonsii">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A9C4FB3CFE57FAB7" box="[250,498,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Pristimantis simonsii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) marginal grooves.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E8C519B7562A048ABE3FB3CFD5BFAB4" box="[733,766,1272,1298]" name="American Samoa" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
in
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AA1DFB3CFC0CFAB7" box="[803,937,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AA1DFB3CFC00FAB7" box="[803,933,1272,1297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Phrynopus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
most of the members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048ADC6FB3CFAEFFAB7" box="[1272,1354,1272,1297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orestes">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048ADC6FB3CFAEFFAB7" box="[1272,1354,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">orestes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group have limited distributional ranges which are restricted to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8920AFA97562A048AA61FAE4FC37FA9C" box="[863,914,1312,1338]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality or its close surroundings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5624110B7562A048A9FBFA8CFD17F8E4" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Sexual male characters such as nuptial pads or vocal slits are useful to distinguish species from each other. Unfortunately these important diagnostic characters are frequently ignored or simply overseen in species descriptions, even if adult males are present. This led to wrong conclusions that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AD73FA5CFB69FA17" box="[1101,1228,1432,1457]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AD73FA5CFB69FA17" box="[1101,1228,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Phrynopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack nuptial pads (see comments by Lehr 2006) or that nuptial pads are intraspecific variable (present or absent) in males. Unlike in bufonids or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048A8A5FA2CFD83F9A7" box="[411,550,1512,1537]" class="Amphibia" family="Ceratophryidae" genus="Telmatobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A8A5FA2CFD83F9A7" box="[411,550,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Telmatobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where males usually develop seasonally dark brown, spinous nuptial pads, nuptial pads in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048A874F9D4FE7CF98F" box="[330,473,1552,1577]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A874F9D4FE7CF98F" box="[330,473,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AB22F9D4FD3EF98F" box="[540,667,1552,1577]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AB22F9D4FD3EF98F" box="[540,667,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Phrynopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are more secretive, cream colored usually non spinous and seem to be present permanently, indicating that reproduction may take place throughout the year (Lehr
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AC30F9FCFAECF9F7" box="[1294,1353,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006). In none of the thousands observed specimens from different museum collections did the senior author find nuptial pads in adult male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048A8D9F94CFDD3F907" box="[487,630,1672,1697]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048A8D9F94CFDD3F907" box="[487,630,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048AB8CF94CFC94F907" box="[690,817,1672,1697]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048AB8CF94CFC94F907" box="[690,817,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Phrynopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to be seasonally present or intraspecific variable (absent or present). Only slight differences in size and shape of nuptial pads were observed. Thanks to the detailed field notes by H.-W. Koepcke, we know that female
|
||
<typeStatus id="8920AFA97562A048AA50F91CFC70F954" box="[878,981,1752,1778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and male
|
||
<typeStatus id="8920AFA97562A048AD6FF91CFB13F954" box="[1105,1206,1752,1778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(SMF 86414) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="919B6A887562A048ACB8F91CFE9FF8BF" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventriguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64EFCD197562A048ACB8F91CFE9FF8BF" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">P. ventriguttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were found in amplexus, indicating that both were reproductive adults. Despite the long time in preservative, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8920AFA97562A048A85EF8ECFE37F8E4" box="[352,402,1832,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series is well preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |