473 lines
72 KiB
XML
473 lines
72 KiB
XML
<document id="8DDB0B0602FC0B9CC3DA86A0D82391E0" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.278481" ID-GBIF-Dataset="944bb045-6725-440a-9b31-17f0d675e88f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="278481" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460346513899" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mason, Franco & Rozkošný, Rudolf" docDate="2011" docId="D10887FCDF36FFAD8BA5FF45BE6CF7E8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03007p049.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3007" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ptilocera quadridentata Fabricius 1805" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="2D31FF84DF3BFFA38B32FFD2BA76F17F" masterDocTitle="A review of the Oriental and Australasian Ptilocera species (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)" masterLastPageNumber="49" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698262369664" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="7A54D96E600041FFFCD22FD466CD6215">A review of the Oriental and Australasian Ptilocera species (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="70406D29E97444F8803B0B70FBF0602A">Mason, Franco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3A45B5ADE4CF8B02DE7F6E9E42C47688">Rozkošný, Rudolf</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4BA24F4E4A88EDE2342B5D5D239B6249">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="95BB22AC4EAC4CDB07C30F839A0C0F53">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="D10887FCDF36FFAD8BA5FF45BE6CF7E8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6189556" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119407409" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6189556" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D10887FCDF36FFAD8BA5FF45BE6CF7E8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D10887FCDF36FFAD8BA5FF45BE6CF7E8" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="11BB6561DF36FFAE8BA5FF45B85AF06E" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="591E36EADF36FFAE8BA5FF45B80DF1CE" blockId="13.[151,893,151,208]" box="[151,635,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="02568186DF36FFAE8BA5FF45B80DF1CE" bold="true" box="[151,635,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="9EA14D69DF36FFAE8BA5FF45B80DF1CE" ID-CoL="4Q7WY" authority="Fabricius, 1805" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1805" box="[151,635,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Ptilocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadridentata">
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<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF36FFAE8BA5FF45B80DF1CE" bold="true" box="[151,635,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF36FFAE8BA5FF45BBC2F1CE" bold="true" box="[151,436,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ptilocera quadridentata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF36FFAE8A89FF45B80DF1CE" author="Fabricius" box="[443,635,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1805) Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae. i - xiv, 15 - 172." type="book chapter" year="1805">Fabricius, 1805</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="591E36EADF36FFAE8BA5FF68B90BF1AF" blockId="13.[151,893,151,208]" box="[151,893,186,208]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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(
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<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8BACFF68BAA8F1AF" box="[158,222,186,208]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1710,1733]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1212,1688]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,1212,1688]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 2. Two of the commonest species of Ptilocera in their habitat. Female of P. continua on a leaf of a Fabaceae tree (by courtesy of M. Kemal) (a) and female of P. quadridentata basking on a leaf of Musa paradisiaca (by courtesy of N. Messina) (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278483/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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b, 3–4, 13, 17–20, 22–23, 38–41, 46–50, 55–56, 66–67, 115–127)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="591E36EADF36FFAE8BA5FF2EB85AF06E" blockId="13.[151,556,251,274]" box="[151,556,251,274]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="79B111C4DF36FFAE8BA5FF2EB85AF06E" box="[151,556,251,274]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF36FFAE8BA5FF2EBB17F06D" box="[151,353,252,274]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="9EA14D69DF36FFAE8BA5FF2EBB74F06E" ID-CoL="63TMY" box="[151,258,252,273]" class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Stratiomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stratiomys</taxonomicName>
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4dentata
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="D80010FBDF36FFAE8A55FF29B85EF06E" author="Fabricius" box="[359,552,251,273]" page="86" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1805">
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<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF36FFAE8A55FF29B875F06E" author="Fabricius" box="[359,515,251,273]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1805) Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae. i - xiv, 15 - 172." type="book chapter" year="1805">Fabricius 1805</bibRefCitation>
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: 86
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="11BB6561DF36FFAE8BA5FEEFBA9AF376" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="591E36EADF36FFAE8BA5FEEFBA9AF376" blockId="13.[151,1437,317,2005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF36FFAE8BA5FEEFBB33F02A" bold="true" box="[151,325,317,342]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<typeStatus id="861A8848DF36FFAE8BA5FEEFBAA6F02A" box="[151,208,317,341]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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Two female
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<typeStatus id="861A8848DF36FFAE8AD2FEECB834F029" box="[480,578,318,342]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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in
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<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF36FFAE8958FEEFB8C8F02A" box="[618,702,317,341]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ZMUC</collectionCode>
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, København. The
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<typeStatus id="861A8848DF36FFAE88A8FEEFBE72F02A" box="[922,1028,317,341]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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, herewith designated, is labelled: "/ P:4dentata, Sumatra, Daldorff/
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<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF36FFAE8AC0FEB3B8B3F006" box="[498,709,353,377]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="9EA14D69DF36FFAE8AC0FEB3B82CF006" box="[498,602,353,377]" class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Ptilocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ptilocera</taxonomicName>
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4dentata
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</emphasis>
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Wied./
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<typeStatus id="861A8848DF36FFAE8824FEB3B9BCF006" box="[790,970,353,377]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPUS</typeStatus>
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<taxonomicName id="9EA14D69DF36FFAE88E1FEB3BAC0F0E2" authority="Fabricius 1805: 86" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityPageNumber="86" authorityYear="1805" class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Ptilocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadridentata">
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<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF36FFAE88E1FEB3BE95F006" box="[979,1251,353,377]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ptilocera quadridentata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF36FFAE8FD9FEB3BFEEF006" author="Fabricius" box="[1259,1432,353,377]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1805) Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae. i - xiv, 15 - 172." type="book chapter" year="1805">Fabricius 1805</bibRefCitation>
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: 86
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</taxonomicName>
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, Ƥ, Mason & Rozkošný des. 2008”. The second
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<typeStatus id="861A8848DF36FFAE89E5FE54B958F0E1" box="[727,814,390,414]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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is labeled the same except “/
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<typeStatus id="861A8848DF36FFAE8F5DFE57BF1AF0E2" box="[1135,1388,389,413]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPUS</typeStatus>
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<taxonomicName id="9EA14D69DF36FFAE8E40FE54B828F0BE" authority="Fabricius 1805: 86" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityPageNumber="86" authorityYear="1805" class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Ptilocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadridentata">
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<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF36FFAE8E40FE54BBF2F0BE" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ptilocera quadridentata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF36FFAE8AB8FE7BB843F0BE" author="Fabricius" box="[394,565,425,449]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1805) Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae. i - xiv, 15 - 172." type="book chapter" year="1805">Fabricius 1805</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 86
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, Ƥ, Mason & Rozkošný des., 2008". Condition:
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<typeStatus id="861A8848DF36FFAE8F49FE78BE99F0BD" box="[1147,1263,426,450]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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: tarsi of middle right and hind legs missing.
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<typeStatus id="861A8848DF36FFAE8AE3FE1FB818F09A" box="[465,622,461,485]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
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: tarsi of all right legs missing, posterior margin of wing membrane partly broken.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="11BB6561DF36FFAE8BF5FDC7B807F3C2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="591E36EADF36FFAE8BF5FDC7B807F3C2" blockId="13.[151,1437,317,2005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF36FFAE8BF5FDC7BB37F351" bold="true" box="[199,321,533,558]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A species characterised by dense golden presutural area of scutum, only broad medial band in middle contrastingly black. Antenna entirely dark in male but distal half of apical flagellomere pale in female.
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<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF36FFAE8E50FDEBBFEAF32E" box="[1378,1436,569,593]" name="Malta" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Male</collectingCountry>
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wing with relatively narrow, irregular transverse streak in middle, microtrichia on female wing reduced only in narrow longitudinal stripe in middle of posterior cubital cell in addition to some other small areas. Female calypter with conspicuously white marginal fringe.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="11BB6561DF36FFAD8BF5FD1BB835F040" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="591E36EADF36FFAE8BF5FD1BB99CF22B" blockId="13.[151,1437,317,2005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF36FFAE8BF5FD1BBB2FF39D" bold="true" box="[199,345,713,738]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF36FFAE8A50FD1BBBEAF39E" box="[354,412,713,737]" name="Malta" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Male</collectingCountry>
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(
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<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A9CFD1BB871F39E" box="[430,519,713,737]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 20" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 20. Ptilocera spp. 15 – 16. P. continua, male head (15) and male ocellar tubercle in frontal view (16). 17 – 20. P. quadridentata, female head (17) and female ocellar triangle in frontal view (18), male lower frons in frontal view (19) and female head in lateral view (20)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278486/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 19</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8924FD1BB842F39E" box="[534,564,713,737]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 26" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1650]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,193,1651]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 26. Ptilocera spp. 21. P. aureopilosa, female head in frontal view. 22 – 23. P. quadridentata, female lower frons (22) and male head in lateral view showing proboscis and two-segmented palpus (23). 24 – 26. Female palpus of F. amethystina (24), F. continua (25) and P. quadridentata (26)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278487/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">23</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8971FD1BB8FAF39E" box="[579,652,713,737]" captionStart="FIGURES 51 – 56" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 51 – 56. Ptilocera spp. P. continua, pretarsus of female fore leg in ventral view (51). P. aureopilosa, female abdomen in dorsal view (52). P. paradisea, distal half of male abdomen in dorsal view (53). P. continua, female abdomen in lateral view (54). P. quadridentata, dorsal part of male terminalia in ventral view (55) and genital capsule and aedeagal complex in dorsal view (56)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278491/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">55–56</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE89A9FD1BB8CCF39E" box="[667,698,713,737]" captionStart="FIGURES 65 – 73" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1756,1779]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,193,1735]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 65 – 73. Ptilocera spp., wings: P. p a r a d i s e a, male holotype (65), P. quadridentata, male (66) and female (67), P. s i m - plex sp. nov., male holotype (68) and female (69), P. smaragdina, male (70) and female (71), P. violacea, male (72) and female (73)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278493/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">66</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE89FAFD1BB95BF39E" box="[712,813,713,737]" captionStart="FIGURES 115 – 119" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1475,1498]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,206,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1454]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 115 – 119. Ptilocera quadridentata, male, dorsal view (115), antenna (116), genital capsule (117), aedeagal complex (118), proctiger, cerci and epandrium (119)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278499/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">115–119</figureCitation>
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): Length (mm): body 6.2–9.8, wing 5.2–8.7 (n = 41). Head. Frontal spot relatively small, rounded, finely divided in middle (
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<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE88FBFD23BE68F276" box="[969,1054,753,777]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 20" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 20. Ptilocera spp. 15 – 16. P. continua, male head (15) and male ocellar tubercle in frontal view (16). 17 – 20. P. quadridentata, female head (17) and female ocellar triangle in frontal view (18), male lower frons in frontal view (19) and female head in lateral view (20)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278486/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
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). Antenna (
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<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8F9FFD23BF78F276" box="[1197,1294,753,777]" captionStart="FIGURES 115 – 119" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1475,1498]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,206,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1454]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 115 – 119. Ptilocera quadridentata, male, dorsal view (115), antenna (116), genital capsule (117), aedeagal complex (118), proctiger, cerci and epandrium (119)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278499/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 116</figureCitation>
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) completely brown, basal flagellomere slightly longer than broad, apical flagellomere 4.0–5.0 times as long as preceding flagellomere. Face covered by tiny erect silvery pile except medial tubercle.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="591E36EADF36FFAE8BF5FC8DBE14F530" blockId="13.[151,1437,317,2005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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Thorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A15FC8DBBF0F208" box="[295,390,863,887]" captionStart="FIGURES 115 – 119" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1475,1498]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,206,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1454]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 115 – 119. Ptilocera quadridentata, male, dorsal view (115), antenna (116), genital capsule (117), aedeagal complex (118), proctiger, cerci and epandrium (119)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278499/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
|
||
) black, densely and finely punctate, with presutural area of scutum covered by dense velvety golden pile and greenish iridescent scales. Golden area divided medially by a broad, mainly black, longitudinal stripe that is widened toward suture. Scales relatively sparse on scutellum, four scutellar spines brown, yellowish apically, about half as long as scutellum at middle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE89D2FC1EB935F29B" box="[736,835,972,996]" captionStart="FIGURES 115 – 119" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1475,1498]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,206,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1454]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 115 – 119. Ptilocera quadridentata, male, dorsal view (115), antenna (116), genital capsule (117), aedeagal complex (118), proctiger, cerci and epandrium (119)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278499/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
|
||
). Postpronotal callus black, brownish at top; postalar callus black. Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A48FC3DBBBAF578" box="[378,460,1007,1031]" captionStart="FIGURES 65 – 73" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1756,1779]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,193,1735]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 65 – 73. Ptilocera spp., wings: P. p a r a d i s e a, male holotype (65), P. quadridentata, male (66) and female (67), P. s i m - plex sp. nov., male holotype (68) and female (69), P. smaragdina, male (70) and female (71), P. violacea, male (72) and female (73)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278493/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
|
||
) brown infuscated with transverse, well defined yellowish stripe from stigma to basal half of anterior arm of cubital vein. Microtrichia reduced only at base of wing. Halter with brownish to yellowish stem and darkened knob. Legs and coxae brown, tarsi brown, usually with golden pile.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591E36EADF36FFAE8BF5FB8EBF74F457" blockId="13.[151,1437,317,2005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A76FB8EBBD5F50B" box="[324,419,1116,1140]" captionStart="FIGURES 115 – 119" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1475,1498]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,206,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1454]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 115 – 119. Ptilocera quadridentata, male, dorsal view (115), antenna (116), genital capsule (117), aedeagal complex (118), proctiger, cerci and epandrium (119)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278499/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
|
||
) black, almost without reflections, finely punctate, with fine micropile. Paired hair patches on tergite
|
||
<quantity id="9E599B0FDF36FFAE8A3FFB52BB4DF5E7" box="[269,315,1152,1176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
form of convergent, slightly sinuate stripes, tergite 5 with two extensive hair patches resembling those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EA14D69DF36FFAE8BCEFB77BB0AF5C3" box="[252,380,1189,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Ptilocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="continua">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF36FFAE8BCEFB77BB0AF5C3" box="[252,380,1189,1212]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. continua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Sternites black, covered by tiny silverish and appressed pile.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF36FFAE8F7CFB76BEFEF5C3" box="[1102,1160,1188,1212]" name="Malta" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8E26FB76BFE1F5C3" box="[1300,1431,1188,1212]" captionStart="FIGURES 51 – 56" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 51 – 56. Ptilocera spp. P. continua, pretarsus of female fore leg in ventral view (51). P. aureopilosa, female abdomen in dorsal view (52). P. paradisea, distal half of male abdomen in dorsal view (53). P. continua, female abdomen in lateral view (54). P. quadridentata, dorsal part of male terminalia in ventral view (55) and genital capsule and aedeagal complex in dorsal view (56)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278491/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 55–56</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8BA5FB1ABA8AF59F" box="[151,252,1224,1248]" captionStart="FIGURES 115 – 119" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1475,1498]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,206,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1454]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 115 – 119. Ptilocera quadridentata, male, dorsal view (115), antenna (116), genital capsule (117), aedeagal complex (118), proctiger, cerci and epandrium (119)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278499/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">117–119</figureCitation>
|
||
): epandrium quadrate, cerci barely reaching beyond apex of proctiger (119), medial process of genital capsule bilobed, moderately concave at middle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8985FB3EB96EF47B" box="[695,792,1260,1284]" captionStart="FIGURES 115 – 119" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1475,1498]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,206,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1454]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 115 – 119. Ptilocera quadridentata, male, dorsal view (115), antenna (116), genital capsule (117), aedeagal complex (118), proctiger, cerci and epandrium (119)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278499/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 117</figureCitation>
|
||
), gonocoxal apodemes relatively long, aedeagal complex with short posterolateral papillae provided with dense basal row of hyaline and flat spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8FA6FAC2BE83F457" box="[1172,1269,1296,1320]" captionStart="FIGURES 115 – 119" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1475,1498]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,206,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1454]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 115 – 119. Ptilocera quadridentata, male, dorsal view (115), antenna (116), genital capsule (117), aedeagal complex (118), proctiger, cerci and epandrium (119)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278499/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 118</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591E36EADF36FFAD8BF5FAE6BF60F1AB" blockId="13.[151,1437,317,2005]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,1688]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A18FAE6BB02F433" box="[298,372,1332,1356]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1710,1733]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1212,1688]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,1212,1688]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 2. Two of the commonest species of Ptilocera in their habitat. Female of P. continua on a leaf of a Fabaceae tree (by courtesy of M. Kemal) (a) and female of P. quadridentata basking on a leaf of Musa paradisiaca (by courtesy of N. Messina) (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278483/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
b, 13, 17–20, 22, 26, 38–41, 48–50, 55–56, 67, 120–127). Length (mm): body 6.6–11.7 (n = 88), wing 6.1–10.9 (n = 88). Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8915FA8AB8D3F40F" box="[551,677,1368,1392]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 20" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 20. Ptilocera spp. 15 – 16. P. continua, male head (15) and male ocellar tubercle in frontal view (16). 17 – 20. P. quadridentata, female head (17) and female ocellar triangle in frontal view (18), male lower frons in frontal view (19) and female head in lateral view (20)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278486/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 17, 20</figureCitation>
|
||
), ocellar triangle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8840FA8AB9B3F40F" box="[882,965,1368,1392]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 20" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 20. Ptilocera spp. 15 – 16. P. continua, male head (15) and male ocellar tubercle in frontal view (16). 17 – 20. P. quadridentata, female head (17) and female ocellar triangle in frontal view (18), male lower frons in frontal view (19) and female head in lateral view (20)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278486/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lower frons black, with two large triangular patches of appressed silverish pilosity at eye margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8878FAAEB9D6F4EB" box="[842,928,1404,1428]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 26" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1650]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,193,1651]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 26. Ptilocera spp. 21. P. aureopilosa, female head in frontal view. 22 – 23. P. quadridentata, female lower frons (22) and male head in lateral view showing proboscis and two-segmented palpus (23). 24 – 26. Female palpus of F. amethystina (24), F. continua (25) and P. quadridentata (26)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278487/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frontal index: 0.8–1.5 (avg = 1.1, n = 79). Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A37FA72BB2AF4C7" box="[261,348,1440,1464]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Ptilocera spp. P. continua, lateral projections of female 4 th and 5 th flagellomeres in ventral view (9). 10 – 13. Female antenna in lateral view, P. amethystina (10), P. continua (11), P. kerteszi sp. nov. (12) and P. quadridentata (13). 14. P. simplex sp. nov., male antennae in lateral view (14)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278485/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A5AFA72BBE5F4C7" box="[360,403,1440,1464]" captionStart="FIGURES 120 – 127" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1726,1749]" captionTargetBox="[156,1408,194,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 120 – 127. Ptilocera quadridentata, female, dorsal view (120), variable pattern on abdomen (121), antenna (122), thorax in lateral view (123), female terminalia (124), genital furca (125 – 126), subgenital plate (127)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278500/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">122</figureCitation>
|
||
) dark brown, only distal quarter of apical flagellomere snow white. Basal flagellomere subquadrate, apical flagellomere about 4.5 times longer than preceding flagellomere. Basal segment of palpus dark, with mixed whitish and brown pile, apical segment velvety brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8892FA3AB980F77F" box="[928,1014,1512,1536]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 26" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1650]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,193,1651]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 26. Ptilocera spp. 21. P. aureopilosa, female head in frontal view. 22 – 23. P. quadridentata, female lower frons (22) and male head in lateral view showing proboscis and two-segmented palpus (23). 24 – 26. Female palpus of F. amethystina (24), F. continua (25) and P. quadridentata (26)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278487/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
), Thorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8F5CFA3ABF78F77F" box="[1134,1294,1512,1536]" captionStart="FIGURES 120 – 127" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1726,1749]" captionTargetBox="[156,1408,194,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 120 – 127. Ptilocera quadridentata, female, dorsal view (120), variable pattern on abdomen (121), antenna (122), thorax in lateral view (123), female terminalia (124), genital furca (125 – 126), subgenital plate (127)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278500/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 120, 123</figureCitation>
|
||
) black as in male, presutural area of scutum covered by medially divided golden area as in male, scales in presututal area of scutum elongate oval with apical tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8908F9E2B8F8F737" box="[570,654,1584,1608]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 38" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 38. Ptilocera spp. 33 – 34. Female prealar prominence in dorsal view, P. kerteszi sp. nov. (33) and P. smaragdina (34). 35 – 38. Scales on presutural area of female scutum, P. amethystina (35), P. continua (36), P. kerteszi sp. nov. (37) and P. quadridentata (38)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278489/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
), in anterior part mixed with slightly dilated setulae inserted in globular basal structures (Fig. 39). Pile on postsutural area consisting mainly of long and more dilated setulae (Fig. 40). Scutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A2AF9AABB0EF7EF" box="[280,376,1656,1680]" captionStart="FIGURES 120 – 127" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1726,1749]" captionTargetBox="[156,1408,194,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 120 – 127. Ptilocera quadridentata, female, dorsal view (120), variable pattern on abdomen (121), antenna (122), thorax in lateral view (123), female terminalia (124), genital furca (125 – 126), subgenital plate (127)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278500/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 120</figureCitation>
|
||
) with scattered silverish scales and four rather short yellowish to brown spines, medial spines barely reaching 1/3 of scutellar length at middle. Anterior spiracle oblong (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE88EDF94EBE45F7CB" box="[991,1075,1692,1716]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 50" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 50. Ptilocera spp. P. kerteszi sp. nov., female, predominantly bare discal cell (45). P. quadridentata, female, calypter (46), anterior spiracle (47), halter (48), sensillae on halter surface (49) and apical tarsomeres of fore leg in dorsal view (50)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278490/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
), prealar prominence as in other species (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A13F912BBD2F7A7" box="[289,420,1728,1752]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 27 – 32" captionStart-1="FIGURES 33 – 38" captionStartId-0="27.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionStartId-1="28.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,193,1650]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId-0="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1651]" captionTargetId-1="figure@28.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId-0="27" captionTargetPageId-1="28" captionText-0="FIGURES 27 – 32. Ptilocera spp. 27 – 29. P. smaragdina, female. Palpus (27), part of thorax in lateral view showing bare area on anepisternum and prealar prominence in lateral view (28, arrow), prealar prominence in lateral view (29). 30 – 32. Female prealar prominence in dorsal view, P. amethystina (30), P. aureopilosa (31) and P. continua (32)." captionText-1="FIGURES 33 – 38. Ptilocera spp. 33 – 34. Female prealar prominence in dorsal view, P. kerteszi sp. nov. (33) and P. smaragdina (34). 35 – 38. Scales on presutural area of female scutum, P. amethystina (35), P. continua (36), P. kerteszi sp. nov. (37) and P. quadridentata (38)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/278488/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/278489/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 30–34</figureCitation>
|
||
). Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE893AF912B82DF7A7" box="[520,603,1728,1752]" captionStart="FIGURES 65 – 73" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1756,1779]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,193,1735]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 65 – 73. Ptilocera spp., wings: P. p a r a d i s e a, male holotype (65), P. quadridentata, male (66) and female (67), P. s i m - plex sp. nov., male holotype (68) and female (69), P. smaragdina, male (70) and female (71), P. violacea, male (72) and female (73)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278493/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
|
||
) uniformly brown infuscated, without yellowish transverse streak that is present in male. Bare areas limited, confined to basal cells, alula, very narrow longuitudinal stripe along middle of posterior cubital cell and at most small patch at base of anterior cubital cell. Calypter brown with long white marginal hairs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A29F8FEBB1BF63B" box="[283,365,1836,1860]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 50" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 50. Ptilocera spp. P. kerteszi sp. nov., female, predominantly bare discal cell (45). P. quadridentata, female, calypter (46), anterior spiracle (47), halter (48), sensillae on halter surface (49) and apical tarsomeres of fore leg in dorsal view (50)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278490/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
), halter as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8930F8FEB827F63B" box="[514,593,1836,1860]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 50" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 50. Ptilocera spp. P. kerteszi sp. nov., female, predominantly bare discal cell (45). P. quadridentata, female, calypter (46), anterior spiracle (47), halter (48), sensillae on halter surface (49) and apical tarsomeres of fore leg in dorsal view (50)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278490/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
and its surface sensillae in
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE88B0F8FEB9A2F63B" box="[898,980,1836,1860]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 50" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 50. Ptilocera spp. P. kerteszi sp. nov., female, predominantly bare discal cell (45). P. quadridentata, female, calypter (46), anterior spiracle (47), halter (48), sensillae on halter surface (49) and apical tarsomeres of fore leg in dorsal view (50)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278490/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
|
||
. Legs black, tarsi covered with brownish pile (apical tarsomeres of fore tarsus in
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE896FF882B8C4F617" box="[605,690,1872,1896]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 50" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 50. Ptilocera spp. P. kerteszi sp. nov., female, predominantly bare discal cell (45). P. quadridentata, female, calypter (46), anterior spiracle (47), halter (48), sensillae on halter surface (49) and apical tarsomeres of fore leg in dorsal view (50)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278490/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdomen mainly black, with bluish reflections, finely punctate. Short appressed pile on abdominal tergites consisting of slender setulae inserted in globular structures (Fig. 41). Hair patches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A00F84ABBBBF6CF" box="[306,461,1944,1968]" captionStart="FIGURES 120 – 127" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1726,1749]" captionTargetBox="[156,1408,194,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 120 – 127. Ptilocera quadridentata, female, dorsal view (120), variable pattern on abdomen (121), antenna (122), thorax in lateral view (123), female terminalia (124), genital furca (125 – 126), subgenital plate (127)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278500/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 120–121</figureCitation>
|
||
) represented by oblique stripes on tergites 3–4 and oval, ring-shaped spots on tergite 5. Female terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8A41F86EB865F6AB" box="[371,531,1980,2004]" captionStart="FIGURES 120 – 127" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1726,1749]" captionTargetBox="[156,1408,194,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 120 – 127. Ptilocera quadridentata, female, dorsal view (120), variable pattern on abdomen (121), antenna (122), thorax in lateral view (123), female terminalia (124), genital furca (125 – 126), subgenital plate (127)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278500/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 124–127</figureCitation>
|
||
): Apical segment of cercus relatively short (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF36FFAE8F3AF86EBE1DF6AB" box="[1032,1131,1980,2004]" captionStart="FIGURES 120 – 127" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1726,1749]" captionTargetBox="[156,1408,194,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 120 – 127. Ptilocera quadridentata, female, dorsal view (120), variable pattern on abdomen (121), antenna (122), thorax in lateral view (123), female terminalia (124), genital furca (125 – 126), subgenital plate (127)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278500/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
|
||
), subgenital plate long and tapered distally as in other species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF35FFAD8918FF45B8FDF1D0" box="[554,651,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 120 – 127" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1726,1749]" captionTargetBox="[156,1408,194,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 120 – 127. Ptilocera quadridentata, female, dorsal view (120), variable pattern on abdomen (121), antenna (122), thorax in lateral view (123), female terminalia (124), genital furca (125 – 126), subgenital plate (127)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278500/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 127</figureCitation>
|
||
), genital furca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF35FFAD880FFF45B9AFF1D0" box="[829,985,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 120 – 127" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1726,1749]" captionTargetBox="[156,1408,194,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 120 – 127. Ptilocera quadridentata, female, dorsal view (120), variable pattern on abdomen (121), antenna (122), thorax in lateral view (123), female terminalia (124), genital furca (125 – 126), subgenital plate (127)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278500/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 125–126</figureCitation>
|
||
) with large median aperture, differently concave posterior margin of frame and distinct prominences at inner base of posterolateral projections.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591E36EADF35FFAD8BF5FF0DB835F040" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8BF5FF0DBB4DF187" bold="true" box="[199,315,223,248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Some variation was noted in females: a reddish brown spot above the antennae may be more or less distinct, the basal flagellomere may be reddish brown to dark brown and the posterior cubital cell may be rarely completely covered with microtrichia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="11BB6561DF35FFAD8BF5FE9EB810F0B0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="591E36EADF35FFAD8BF5FE9EB810F0B0" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8BF5FE9EBB42F01B" bold="true" box="[199,308,332,356]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The characteristic pattern of the thorax and abdomen may be sometimes less distinct in older specimens. But then the males may be distinguished by the characteristric terminalia with species-specific aedeagal complex and the females by the conspicuously white marginal fringe of calypter in combination with the characteristically coloured last antennal flagellum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="11BB6561DF35FFAD8BF5FE09B817F503" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="591E36EADF35FFAD8BF5FE09B97CF2B7" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8BF5FE09BBC4F08B" bold="true" box="[199,434,475,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
129 3, 218 Ƥ (including female
|
||
<typeStatus id="861A8848DF35FFAD8806FE0EB9EDF08B" box="[820,923,476,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="861A8848DF35FFAD88E4FE0EBE04F08B" box="[982,1138,476,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8FB4FE09BE87F08B" bold="true" box="[1158,1265,475,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Oceania:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8FC8FE0EBF59F08B" box="[1274,1327,476,500]" name="Fiji" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fidji</collectingCountry>
|
||
(introd.).
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8BA5FE2DBB82F367" bold="true" box="[151,500,511,536]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Oriental Region:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8A5CFE2DBB99F367" box="[366,495,511,536]" name="Cambodia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Siem Reap: Angkor Thom.
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8876FE2DB9B4F367" bold="true" box="[836,962,511,536]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8876FE2DB9CBF367" box="[836,957,511,536]" name="Indonesia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Java: Baros;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8F56FE2DBECFF368" box="[1124,1209,511,535]" name="Netherlands" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Batavia</collectingCountry>
|
||
[=Jakarta]; Batoerraden; Bibidjilan, Banten; Bogor [=Buitenzorg]; Depok; Djampang Mts.; Gunung Banter; Gunung Gedeh; Gunung Slamat; Jampang Tengah; Malang; Oengaran [=Ungaran]; Padang; Pelaboean Ratoe [=Pelabuhan Ratu]; Preanger [=Priangan]; Radjamandala; Semarang; Soekaboemi [=Sukabumi]; Tjiangsana; Tjibarangbang; Tjibodas, Tjiogreg; Tjimerang; Wynkoopsbay. Kalimantan: Barabei. Sumatra: Fort de Kock [=Bukitinggi]; Kambang; Medan; Padang Tarap; Tandjung; Tapanoeli. Sumbawa: Sepanjang.
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD89E5FD66B967F3B3" bold="true" box="[727,785,692,716]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD89E5FD66B967F3B3" box="[727,785,692,716]" name="Laos" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Bolikhamxai: Ban Nape.
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8F09FD61BEDEF3B3" bold="true" box="[1083,1192,691,716]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8F09FD61BEDEF3B3" box="[1083,1192,691,716]" name="Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Pahang: Kuala Tembeling; Lata Lembik, Raub; Penang. Sabah: Danum Valley; Ranau; Poring.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8F16FD05BEF2F390" box="[1060,1156,727,751]" name="Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Mount Dulit [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3C95502DDF35FFAD8E72FD05BFE1F390" box="[1344,1431,727,751]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="3.3333333">3°20´N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3C95502DDF35FFAD8BA5FD2EBB71F26B" box="[151,263,764,788]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="114.15">114°09´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
]; Selangor: Hulu Langat. Sembilan Islands: Lukut, Negri.
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8892FD29BE50F26B" bold="true" box="[928,1062,763,788]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8892FD29BE50F26B" box="[928,1062,763,788]" name="Philippines" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Palawan: Brooke´s Point, Tigoplan River; Porto Princessa; Tarumpitao.
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD89A2FCCDB97FF247" bold="true" box="[656,777,799,824]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD89A2FCCDB97FF247" box="[656,777,799,824]" name="Singapore" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD882DFCCDB9FAF247" bold="true" box="[799,908,799,824]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD882DFCCDB9FAF247" box="[799,908,799,824]" name="Thailand" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Chiang Mai: Don Inthanon; Khun Klang; Samoeng. Mae Hong Son: Ban Nam Rin, Nakhon Ratchasima: Khao Yai National Park. Trang: Khao Chong trail, near Forest Research Station.
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8AD5FCB5B83AF2FF" bold="true" box="[487,588,871,896]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8AD5FCB5B83AF2FF" box="[487,588,871,896]" name="Vietnam" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Nam Ha,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD89FAFCB5B88DF200" box="[712,763,871,895]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pulo</collectingCountry>
|
||
Condore [=Con
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8888FCBAB998F200" box="[954,1006,872,895]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Dao</collectingCountry>
|
||
].
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8F32FCB5BE9CF2FF" bold="true" box="[1024,1258,871,896]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Palaearctic Region:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8FC3FCBABF47F200" box="[1265,1329,872,895]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(introd.). Data: from
|
||
<date id="2D1F102ADF35FFAD8A28FC5EBBCCF2DB" box="[282,442,908,932]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">24.i. to 31.xii.</date>
|
||
Examined specimens deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8878FC5FB9D7F2DB" box="[842,929,909,932]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD889FFC5FB988F2DB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[941,1022,909,932]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8F38FC5EBE35F2DB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[1034,1091,908,932]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8F7DFC5EBEFDF2DB" box="[1103,1163,908,932]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">CNC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8FAAFC5EBE91F2DB" box="[1176,1255,908,932]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FSMU</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8FC1FC5EBF3EF2DB" box="[1267,1352,908,932]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">IRSNB</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8E67FC5EBFEEF2DB" box="[1365,1432,908,932]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MHC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8BA5FC7DBA99F2B8" box="[151,239,943,967]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MSNM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8BC8FC63BB37F2B7" box="[250,321,945,968]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ry0g-1y6k" name="Moravske Muzeum" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MMB</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8A7FFC63BBD2F2B7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" box="[333,420,945,968]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8A9DFC7DBB9EF2B8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[431,488,943,967]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8AC1FC7DB831F2B8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[499,583,943,967]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8963FC62B8D0F2B7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34975" box="[593,678,944,968]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34975" name="Instituut voor Taxonomische Zoologie, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZMAN</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8980FC63B970F2B7" box="[690,774,945,968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591E36EADF35FFAD8BF5FC07B885F570" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
We also examined 3 puparial exuviae (without cephalic capsule) pinned with emerged adults, labelled
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8E74FC06BFEDF293" box="[1350,1435,980,1004]" name="Netherlands" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Batavia</collectingCountry>
|
||
[=Jakarta, Java],
|
||
<date id="2D1F102ADF35FFAD8A64FC25BBA4F570" box="[342,466,1015,1039]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1908-04">April 1908</date>
|
||
, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FB0AE2FDF35FFAD8AC9FC2AB83BF56F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34975" box="[507,589,1016,1040]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34975" name="Instituut voor Taxonomische Zoologie, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZMAN</collectionCode>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF35FFAD89B0FC25B891F570" box="[642,743,1015,1039]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1657,1680]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,193,1636]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. Ptilocera spp. 3 – 4. P. quadridentata, puparium in dorsal view (3) and in ventral view (4) (larva collected under bark of Moringa pterygosperma by J. C. H. de Meijere. Abbreviations: Apical seta (AP), anal slit (asl), dorsal seta (D), dorsocentral seta (DC), lateral seta (L), posterior spiracular open (pso), subapical seta (SAP), sternal patch (sp), ventral seta (V), ventrolateral seta (VL). The morphological terms used follow Bučánková et al. (2009). 5 – 8. P. continua, male antenna (5) and conjunction between 3 rd and 4 th flagellomeres (6), female antenna (7) and female 3 rd and 4 th flagellomeres in dorsal view showing sensory pits (8)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278484/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 3–4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591E36EADF35FFAD8BF5FBCEB817F503" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
A female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C19A2A6FDF35FFAD8A0DFBCEBBF7F54B" box="[319,385,1052,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1710,1733]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1212,1688]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,1212,1688]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 2. Two of the commonest species of Ptilocera in their habitat. Female of P. continua on a leaf of a Fabaceae tree (by courtesy of M. Kemal) (a) and female of P. quadridentata basking on a leaf of Musa paradisiaca (by courtesy of N. Messina) (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278483/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
b) was photographed by N. Messina at Poring, Ranau District in Malaysian Sabah, in an ecotonal area of a lowland forest of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EA14D69DF35FFAD8934FBEDB8BBF528" box="[518,717,1087,1111]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipterocarpaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Dipterocarpaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, basking in sun on a leaf of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EA14D69DF35FFAD8F3BFB93BEA3F527" box="[1033,1237,1088,1112]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8F3BFB93BEA3F527" box="[1033,1237,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Musa paradisiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="2D1F102ADF35FFAD8FD1FB93BFF6F528" box="[1251,1408,1087,1112]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2008-06-10">June 10, 2008</date>
|
||
at 8 a. m. (N. Messina, pers. comm., 2010).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="11BB6561DF35FFAD8BF5FB55BE6CF7E8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="591E36EADF35FFAD8BF5FB55BB9CF4BF" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8BF5FB55BB16F5DF" bold="true" box="[199,352,1159,1184]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
This species was recorded in the Oriental Region from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD88C7FB5ABE2DF5DF" box="[1013,1115,1160,1184]" name="Thailand" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8F58FB5BBED5F5DF" box="[1130,1187,1161,1184]" name="Laos" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8F80FB5ABF5EF5DF" box="[1202,1320,1160,1184]" name="Cambodia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8E04FB5ABFEEF5DF" box="[1334,1432,1160,1184]" name="Vietnam" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8BA5FB7EBB6EF5BB" box="[151,280,1196,1220]" name="Philippines" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8A11FB7EBBFCF5BB" box="[291,394,1196,1220]" name="Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
including Sabah and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD894CFB7EB894F5BB" box="[638,738,1196,1220]" name="Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD89DFFB7EB917F5BB" box="[749,865,1196,1220]" name="Singapore" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8847FB7EB994F5BB" box="[885,994,1196,1220]" name="Indonesia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Sumbawa); it is apparently missing in western part of the Oriental Region (including
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8F56FB02BED7F597" box="[1124,1185,1232,1256]" name="India" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8F9FFB03BF6AF596" box="[1197,1308,1233,1257]" name="Myanmar" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8E1AFB02BF1DF597" box="[1320,1387,1232,1256]" name="Nepal" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8BA5FB26BB71F473" box="[151,263,1268,1292]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
) but its incidence in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD896BFB26B8EAF473" box="[601,668,1268,1292]" name="China" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
is highly possible. The published records include localities from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8BA5FACABB63F44F" box="[151,277,1304,1328]" name="Philippines" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8A14FACABBBCF44F" author="Walker" box="[294,458,1304,1328]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Walker, F. (1856 a) Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected at Singapore and Malacca by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, 1 (1), 4 - 39." type="journal article" year="1856" yearSuffix="a">Walker 1856a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Java and Sumatra (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD898EFACAB91CF44F" author="Fabricius" box="[700,874,1304,1328]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1805) Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae. i - xiv, 15 - 172." type="book chapter" year="1805">Fabricius 1805</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD884AFACABE7BF44F" author="Walker" box="[888,1037,1304,1328]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Walker, F. (1849) List of the specimens of dipterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part III. British Museum, London, 485 - 687." type="book chapter" year="1849">Walker 1849</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8F28FACABE93F44F" author="Gerstaecker" box="[1050,1253,1304,1328]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Gerstaecker, A. (1857) Beitrag zur Kenntiss exotischer Stratiomyiden. Linnaea Entomologica, 11, 261 - 350." type="journal article" year="1857">Gerstaecker 1857</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8FC0FACABF05F44F" author="Wulp" box="[1266,1395,1304,1328]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Wulp, F. M. van der (1881) Neegende afdeeling. Diptera. In: Miden-Sumatra. Reizen en onderzoekingen der Sumatra-expeditie, uitgerust door het Aardrijks kundig Genootschap, 1877 - 1879, beschreven door de leden der expeditie, onder toezicht van Prof. P. J. Veth. Vierde deel. Natuurlijke historie. Eerste gedeelte. Fauna. Laatste helft. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 60 pp." type="book chapter" year="1881">Wulp 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8BA5FAEEBB42F42B" author="Meijere" box="[151,308,1340,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Meijere, J. C. H. de (1904) Neue und bekannte sud-asiatische Dipteren. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 17 / 18, 83 - 118." type="journal article" year="1904">Meijere 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8A76FAEEBB08F42B" author="Meijere" box="[324,382,1340,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Meijere, J. C. H. de (1911) Studien uber sudostasiatische Dipteren VI. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 54, 258 - 432." type="journal article" year="1911">1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8ABFFAEEBBA0F42B" author="Meijere" box="[397,470,1340,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Meijere, J. C. H. de (1916 b) Studien uber sudostasiatische Dipteren X. Dipteren von Sumatra. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 58, Supplement, 64 - 97." type="journal article" year="1916" yearSuffix="b">1916b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8AD7FAEEB856F42B" author="Meijere" box="[485,544,1340,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Meijere, J. C. H. de (1918) Studien uber sudostasiatische Dipteren XIV. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 60 (1917), 275 - 369." type="journal article" year="1918">1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD891DFAEEB895F42B" author="Enderlein" box="[559,739,1340,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Enderlein, G. (1914) Dipterologische Studien VIII. Zur Kenntnis der Stratiomyiiden-Unterfamilien mit 2 astigen Media Pachygasterinae, Lophotelinae und Prosopochrysinae, Zoologischer Anzeiger, 43 (7), 289 - 315." type="journal article" year="1914">Enderlein 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD89C0FAEEB9EFF42B" author="Edwards" box="[754,921,1340,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1915) Report on the Diptera collected by the British Ornithologists´Union Expediton and the Wollaston Expedition in Dutch New Guinea. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 20 (13), 391 - 424." type="journal article" year="1915">Edwards 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8898FAEFBE55F42B" author="Frey" box="[938,1059,1340,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Frey, R. (1934) Diptera Brachycera von den Sunda-Inseln und Nord-Australien. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 41 (15), 299 - 339." type="journal article" year="1934">Frey 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8F01FAEEBEA4F42B" author="Lindner" box="[1075,1234,1340,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Lindner, E. (1937) Stratiomyiiden (Diptera) von den Kleinen Sundainseln. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 22 (2), 265 - 267." type="journal article" year="1937">Lindner 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Kalimantan (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8BA5FAB2BB43F407" author="Meijere" box="[151,309,1376,1400]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Meijere, J. C. H. de (1907) Studien uber sudostasiatische Dipteren I. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 50, 196 - 264." type="journal article" year="1907">Meijere 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Sulawesi (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8AF6FAB2B81FF407" author="Walker" box="[452,617,1376,1400]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Walker, F. (1861 c) Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected in Batchian, Kaisaa and Makian, and at Tidon in Celebes, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, London (Zoology), 5 (20), 270 - 303." type="journal article" year="1861" yearSuffix="c">Walker 1861c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), West
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD89F6FAB2B95CF407" box="[708,810,1376,1400]" name="Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD880FFAB2B997F407" author="Brunetti" box="[829,993,1376,1400]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Brunetti, E. (1927) Notes on Malayan Diptera, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Federated Malay States Musems, 13, 281 - 309." type="journal article" year="1927">Brunetti 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD88CBFAB2BE2FF407" box="[1017,1113,1376,1400]" name="Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8F5EFAB2BF65F407" author="Walker" box="[1132,1299,1376,1400]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Walker, F. (1856 b) Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected at Sarawak, Borneo, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, 1 (3), 105 - 136." type="journal article" year="1856" yearSuffix="b">Walker 1856b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8E18FAB2BFEAF407" box="[1322,1436,1376,1400]" name="Singapore" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8BACFA56BB44F4E3" author="Walker" box="[158,306,1412,1436]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Walker, F. (1858) Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected in the Aru Islands by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, 3 (10), 77 - 110." type="journal article" year="1858">Walker 1858</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8A41FA56BBA0F4E3" box="[371,470,1412,1436]" name="Thailand" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8AD4FA56B8F1F4E3" author="Brunetti" box="[486,647,1412,1436]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Brunetti, E. (1923) Second revision of the Oriental Stratiomyidae. Records of the Indian Museum, 25, 45 - 180." type="journal article" year="1923">Brunetti 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We can document the occurrence of this species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8FD1FA56BF2FF4E3" box="[1251,1369,1412,1436]" name="Cambodia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8E57FA57BFEDF4E3" box="[1381,1435,1413,1436]" name="Laos" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8BF4FA7ABB53F4BF" box="[198,293,1448,1472]" name="Vietnam" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
for the first time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591E36EADF35FFAD8BF5FA1FBFF4F730" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
In BMNH we found a female from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8962FA1FB8E6F49B" box="[592,656,1485,1508]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Yokohama,
|
||
<date id="2D1F102ADF35FFAD8814FA1EB9E1F49B" box="[806,919,1484,1508]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1906-05-25">25.v.1906</date>
|
||
, presented by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8F07FA1EBF68F49B" author="Brunetti" box="[1077,1310,1484,1508]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Brunetti, E. (1927) Notes on Malayan Diptera, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Federated Malay States Musems, 13, 281 - 309." type="journal article" year="1927">Brunetti, B.M, 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–184, identified by D. Hollis). It was probably introduced to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD89EAFA23B96EF777" box="[728,792,1521,1544]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
from the Oriental Region with some wood material (the larva was found under the bark of trees, see the Introduction). Likewise the occurrence of
|
||
<specimenCount id="4FA7FD63DF35FFAD8F93F9C6BF5BF753" box="[1185,1325,1556,1580]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21B6767ADF35FFAD8E47F9C6BFEAF753" box="[1397,1436,1556,1580]" name="Fiji" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fiji</collectingCountry>
|
||
(4.
|
||
<date id="2D1F102ADF35FFAD8B80F9EABB6FF72F" box="[178,281,1592,1616]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1954-02-02">ii.1954 2</date>
|
||
Ƥ, 18.iv.
|
||
<date id="2D1F102ADF35FFAD8A49F9E5BB9EF72F" box="[379,488,1591,1616]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1954-03-01">1954 1 3</date>
|
||
, H. W. Simmonds, in BMNH) indicates an introduction from the Oriental Region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591E36EADF35FFAD8BF5F98EBE6CF7E8" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Records from the Australasian Region published by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8826F98EB9C6F70B" author="Walker" box="[788,944,1628,1652]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Walker, F. (1858) Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected in the Aru Islands by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, 3 (10), 77 - 110." type="journal article" year="1858">Walker (1858</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8889F98EB983F70B" author="Walker" box="[955,1013,1628,1652]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Walker, F. (1860) Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected in Amboyna by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, London (Zoology), 5, 144 - 168." type="journal article" year="1860">1860</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8F33F98EBE3EF70B" author="Walker" box="[1025,1096,1628,1652]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Walker, F. (1861 a) Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected at Dorey, New Guinea, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, London (Zoology), 5 (19), 229 - 254." type="journal article" year="1861" yearSuffix="a">1861a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8F66F98EBEEAF70B" author="Walker" box="[1108,1180,1628,1652]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Walker, F. (1861 b) Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected at Gilolo, Ternate, and Ceram, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, 6 (21), 4 - 23." type="journal article" year="1861" yearSuffix="b">1861b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8F9AF98EBE86F70B" author="Walker" box="[1192,1264,1628,1652]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Walker, F. (1861 c) Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected in Batchian, Kaisaa and Makian, and at Tidon in Celebes, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, London (Zoology), 5 (20), 270 - 303." type="journal article" year="1861" yearSuffix="c">1861c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8FC9F98EBF42F70B" author="Walker" box="[1275,1332,1628,1652]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Walker, F. (1866) Synopsis of the Diptera of the Eastern Archipelago discovered by Mr. Wallace, and noticed in the " Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society ". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, 9 (33), 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1866">1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and van der
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D304B1BDF35FFAD8BF0F9ADBB26F7E8" author="Wulp" box="[194,336,1663,1687]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Wulp, F. M. van der (1898) Dipteren aus Neu-Guinea in der Sammlung des Ungarischen National-Museums. Termeszetrajzi Fuzetek, 21 (3 - 4), 409 - 426." type="journal article" year="1898">Wulp (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
belong actually to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EA14D69DF35FFAD8915F953B8D7F7E7" box="[551,673,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Ptilocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violacea">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BD5EAF8DF35FFAD8915F953B8D7F7E7" box="[551,673,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. violacea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Distribution of this species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |