170 lines
19 KiB
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170 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="34412FE97CA807288B62EE05452B650E">A catalogue, revision, and regional perspective of Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental oak gall wasps and their inquilines (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini, Synergini, Ceroptresini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="10802A02D8D7E1B96D49AFC4F89FFAA8">Al, Irene Lobato-Vila Et</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="4448B859FFDF707D49E7FE31FD4AFE1F" blockId="41.[151,924,397,485]" box="[151,760,397,424]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<heading id="1F000F35FFDF707D49E7FE31FD4AFE1F" bold="true" box="[151,760,397,424]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDF707D49E7FE31FD4AFE1F" authority="(Liu, Yang & Zhu, 2012)" authorityName="Schweger et al." authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Liu, Yang & Zhu" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[151,760,397,424]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hupingshanensis">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D49E7FE31FD4AFE1F" bold="true" box="[151,760,397,424]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D49E7FE31FE7CFE10" bold="true" box="[151,462,397,424]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Synergus hupingshanensis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDF707D48ACFE31FD43FE1F" author="Yang, X. - H. & Zhu, D. - H. & Liu, Z. & Zhao, L." box="[476,753,397,423]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="247 - 254" refId="ref55858" refString="Yang, X. - H., Zhu, D. - H., Liu, Z. & Zhao, L. (2012) Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the wsp gene of Wolbachia in three geographic populations of an oak gallwasp, Andricus mairei (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), from Hunan, South China. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 55 (2), 247 - 254." type="journal article" year="2012">Liu, Yang & Zhu, 2012</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFDF707D49E7FE12FC3FFE5C" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="4448B859FFDF707D49E7FE12FC2EFE7D" blockId="41.[151,924,397,485]" box="[151,924,430,454]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="64E79F77FFDF707D49E7FE12FC2EFE7D" box="[151,924,430,454]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDF707D49E7FE12FDCEFE7E" authority="Liu, Yang & Zhu" authorityName="Liu, Yang & Zhu" box="[151,636,430,454]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Saphonecrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hupingshanensis">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D49E7FE12FE7BFE7E" box="[151,457,430,454]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Saphonecrus hupingshanensis</emphasis>
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Liu, Yang & Zhu
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D4BF2FE12FD24FE7D" box="[642,662,430,453]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">in</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="C5569E48FFDF707D4BECFE12FCCAFE7E" author="Liu, Z. & Yang, X. - H. & Zhu, D. - H. & He, Y. - Y." box="[668,888,430,454]" page="556" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="2012">
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<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDF707D4BECFE12FCF4FE7E" author="Liu, Z. & Yang, X. - H. & Zhu, D. - H. & He, Y. - Y." box="[668,838,430,454]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="555 - 561" refId="ref46313" refString="Liu, Z., Yang, X. - H., Zhu, D. - H. & He, Y. - Y. (2012) A new Species of Saphonecrus (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea) associated with plant galls on Castanopsis (Fagaceae) in China. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 105 (4), 555 - 561. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / AN 12021" type="journal article" year="2012">
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Liu
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D4BB6FE13FD41FE7E" box="[710,755,430,454]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
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. (2012)
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 556
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<specimenCount id="52F173D0FFDF707D4AF2FE12FC24FE7D" box="[898,918,430,453]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4448B859FFDF707D49E7FE71FC3FFE5C" blockId="41.[151,924,397,485]" box="[151,909,460,485]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="64E79F77FFDF707D49E7FE71FC3FFE5C" box="[151,909,460,485]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<treatmentCitation id="C5569E48FFDF707D49E7FE71FC3BFE5C" author="Schweger, S. & Melika, G. & Tang, C. - T. & Yang, M. - M. & Stone, G. N. & Nicholls, J. A. & Sinclair, F. & Hearn, J. & Bozso, M. & Penzes, Z." box="[151,905,460,485]" page=")" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="2015">
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<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDF707D49E7FE71FC3BFE5C" authority="(Liu, Yang & Zhu) Schweger et al. (2015 b: 68)" authorityName="Schweger et al." authorityPageNumber="68" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Liu, Yang & Zhu" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[151,905,460,485]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hupingshanensis">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D49E7FE71FE10FE5C" box="[151,418,460,484]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Synergus hupingshanensis</emphasis>
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(Liu, Yang & Zhu)
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<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDF707D4B1CFE70FC3BFE5C" author="Schweger, S. & Melika, G. & Tang, C. - T. & Yang, M. - M. & Stone, G. N. & Nicholls, J. A. & Sinclair, F. & Hearn, J. & Bozso, M. & Penzes, Z." box="[620,905,460,484]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 84" refId="ref52592" refString="Schweger, S., Melika, G., Tang, C. - T., Yang, M. - M., Stone, G. N., Nicholls, J. A., Sinclair, F., Hearn, J., Bozso, M. & Penzes, Z. (2015 b) New species of cynipid inquilines of the genus Saphonecrus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) from the Eastern Palaearctic, with a re-appraisal of known species world-wide. Zootaxa, 4054 (1), 1 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4054.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">
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Schwéger
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D4BA7FE71FCB1FE5C" box="[727,771,460,484]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
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. (2015b: 68)
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFDF707D49E7FDAEFAB3FD95" box="[151,1281,530,557]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="4448B859FFDF707D49E7FDAEFAB3FD95" blockId="41.[151,1436,530,809]" box="[151,1281,530,557]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D49E7FDAEFE83FD94" bold="true" box="[151,305,530,556]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="3CE0F8C9FFDF707D4847FDAFFEC8FD95" box="[311,378,531,557]" name="China" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">China</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="863376BBFFDF707D48F9FDAFFE6AFD95" box="[393,472,531,557]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Hunan</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="863376BBFFDF707D4893FDAFFD99FD95" box="[483,555,531,557]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fujian</collectingRegion>
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Provinces) (
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<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDF707D4BC8FDAFFC29FD95" author="Liu, Z. & Yang, X. - H. & Zhu, D. - H. & He, Y. - Y." box="[696,923,530,557]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="555 - 561" refId="ref46313" refString="Liu, Z., Yang, X. - H., Zhu, D. - H. & He, Y. - Y. (2012) A new Species of Saphonecrus (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea) associated with plant galls on Castanopsis (Fagaceae) in China. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 105 (4), 555 - 561. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / AN 12021" type="journal article" year="2012">
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Liu
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D4B98FDAFFCABFD95" box="[744,793,531,557]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
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. 2012: 559
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDF707D4AD6FDAFFB47FD95" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Wang, Y. & Melika, G. & Guo, R. & Xiaoxue, J. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[934,1269,530,557]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="341 - 362" refId="ref46693" refString="Lobato-Vila, I., Wang, Y., Melika, G., Guo, R., Xiaoxue, J. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2021 a) A review of the species in the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) from mainland China, with an updated key to Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental species. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 24 (1), 341 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. aspen. 2020.11.014" type="journal article" year="2021">
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Lobato-Vila
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D4D45FDAFFBD4FD95" box="[1077,1126,531,557]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
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. 2021a: 352
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFDF707D49B7FD8BFE7FFD05" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="4448B859FFDF707D49B7FD8BFE7FFD05" blockId="41.[151,1436,530,809]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D49B7FD8BFE89FDE9" bold="true" box="[199,315,567,593]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDF707D4833FD8BFE4FFDE9" author="Liu, Z. & Yang, X. - H. & Zhu, D. - H. & He, Y. - Y." box="[323,509,567,593]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="555 - 561" refId="ref46313" refString="Liu, Z., Yang, X. - H., Zhu, D. - H. & He, Y. - Y. (2012) A new Species of Saphonecrus (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea) associated with plant galls on Castanopsis (Fagaceae) in China. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 105 (4), 555 - 561. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / AN 12021" type="journal article" year="2012">
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Liu
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D4802FD8BFE16FDE9" box="[370,420,567,593]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
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. (2012)
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</bibRefCitation>
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do not exclude the possibility that this species might be a gall inducer, since only
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<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDF707D49E7FDE7FEDCFDCD" authorityName="Schweger et al." authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Liu, Yang & Zhu" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[151,366,603,629]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hupingshanensis">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D49E7FDE7FEDCFDCD" box="[151,366,603,629]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. hupingshanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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adults and some parasitoids were reared from the galls.
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<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDF707D4A90FDE7FAB1FDCD" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Wang, Y. & Melika, G. & Guo, R. & Xiaoxue, J. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[992,1283,603,629]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="341 - 362" refId="ref46693" refString="Lobato-Vila, I., Wang, Y., Melika, G., Guo, R., Xiaoxue, J. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2021 a) A review of the species in the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) from mainland China, with an updated key to Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental species. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 24 (1), 341 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. aspen. 2020.11.014" type="journal article" year="2021">
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Lobato-Vila
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D4D1EFDE7FB2DFDCD" box="[1134,1183,603,629]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
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. (2021a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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also consider that this species could alternatively be a lethal inquiline, as has been demonstrated for other Nearctic and Palaearctic species (
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<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDF707D4987FD1FFE73FD05" author="Csoka, G. & Stone, G. N. & Melika, G." box="[247,449,674,701]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="569 - 636" refId="ref43187" refString="Csoka, G., Stone, G. N. & Melika, G. (2005) Biology, ecology and evolution of gall-inducing Cynipidae. In: Raman, A., Schaefer, C. W. & Withers, T. M. (Eds.), Biology, ecology and evolution of gall-inducing arthropods. Science Publishers, Inc. Enfield, New Hampshire, pp. 569 - 636." type="book chapter" year="2005">
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Csóka
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D4835FD1FFECCFD05" box="[325,382,675,701]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
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2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFDF707D49B7FD7AFDA9FC91" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="4448B859FFDF707D49B7FD7AFDA9FC91" blockId="41.[151,1436,530,809]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D49B7FD7AFE95FD58" bold="true" box="[199,295,710,736]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Biology.</emphasis>
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Reared from non-detachable and multichambered galls on
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<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDF707D4AB5FD7BFADEFD59" authority="(Liu et al. 2012)" baseAuthorityName="Liu" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[965,1388,711,737]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carlesii">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D4AB5FD7BFB18FD59" box="[965,1194,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Castanopsis carlesii</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDF707D4DCAFD7BFAD7FD59" author="Liu, Z. & Yang, X. - H. & Zhu, D. - H. & He, Y. - Y." box="[1210,1381,711,737]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="555 - 561" refId="ref46313" refString="Liu, Z., Yang, X. - H., Zhu, D. - H. & He, Y. - Y. (2012) A new Species of Saphonecrus (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea) associated with plant galls on Castanopsis (Fagaceae) in China. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 105 (4), 555 - 561. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / AN 12021" type="journal article" year="2012">
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Liu
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D4D9AFD7BFAAEFD59" box="[1258,1308,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
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. 2012
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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and small spiny hedgehog-like galls on leaf veins on an undetermined host tree (
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<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDF707D4D79FD57FA9AFCBD" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Wang, Y. & Melika, G. & Guo, R. & Xiaoxue, J. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[1033,1320,747,773]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="341 - 362" refId="ref46693" refString="Lobato-Vila, I., Wang, Y., Melika, G., Guo, R., Xiaoxue, J. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2021 a) A review of the species in the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) from mainland China, with an updated key to Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental species. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 24 (1), 341 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. aspen. 2020.11.014" type="journal article" year="2021">
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Lobato-Vila
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFDF707D4DECFD57FB7DFCBD" box="[1180,1231,747,773]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
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|
. 2021a
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</bibRefCitation>
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). The gall inducers have yet to be confirmed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |