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<mods:title id="C3A65E1025A0667D76B3EFD58A6DBF9F">A catalogue, revision, and regional perspective of Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental oak gall wasps and their inquilines (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini, Synergini, Ceroptresini)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="4448B859FFDC707E49E7FF2BFD1CFF08" blockId="42.[151,917,150,207]" box="[151,686,150,177]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDC707E49E7FF2BFD1CFF08" authority="Uchida &amp; Sakagami, 1948" authorityName="Uchida &amp; Sakagami" authorityYear="1948" box="[151,686,150,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jezoensis">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E49E7FF2BFD1CFF08" bold="true" box="[151,686,150,177]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E49E7FF2BFEC3FF09" bold="true" box="[151,369,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Synergus jezoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDC707E4807FF2AFD1CFF08" author="Uchida, T. &amp; Sakagami, S. F. &amp; Mimura, H." box="[375,686,150,176]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="11 - 17" refId="ref54412" refString="Uchida, T., Sakagami, S. F. &amp; Mimura, H. (1948) Gall wasp on oaks, Cynips mukaigawae (Mukaigawa), along with the description of a new inquiline gall wasp. Matsumushi, 3, 11 - 17. [in Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1948">Uchida &amp; Sakagami, 1948</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFDC707E49E7FF0BFC27FF77" box="[151,917,183,207]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4448B859FFDC707E49E7FF0BFC27FF77" blockId="42.[151,917,150,207]" box="[151,917,183,207]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="64E79F77FFDC707E49E7FF0BFC27FF77" box="[151,917,183,207]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDC707E49E7FF0BFD9BFF77" authority="Uchida &amp; Sakagami" authorityName="Uchida &amp; Sakagami" authorityYear="1948" box="[151,553,183,207]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jezoensis">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E49E7FF0BFEE6FF77" box="[151,340,183,207]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Synergus jezoensis</emphasis>
Uchida &amp; Sakagami
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4B5FFF04FDF1FF77" box="[559,579,184,207]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">in</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="C5569E48FFDC707E4B39FF0BFC8FFF77" author="Uchida, T. &amp; Sakagami, S. F. &amp; Mimura, H." box="[585,829,183,207]" page="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" year="1948">
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDC707E4B39FF0BFCABFF77" author="Uchida, T. &amp; Sakagami, S. F. &amp; Mimura, H." box="[585,793,183,207]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="11 - 17" refId="ref54412" refString="Uchida, T., Sakagami, S. F. &amp; Mimura, H. (1948) Gall wasp on oaks, Cynips mukaigawae (Mukaigawa), along with the description of a new inquiline gall wasp. Matsumushi, 3, 11 - 17. [in Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1948">
Uchida
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4BE9FF04FD77FF77" box="[665,709,183,207]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
. (1948)
</bibRefCitation>
: 15
</treatmentCitation>
,
<specimenCount id="52F173D0FFDC707E4A38FF04FCE9FF77" box="[840,859,184,207]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="female"></specimenCount>
&amp;
<specimenCount id="52F173D0FFDC707E4A0CFF04FC20FF77" box="[892,914,184,207]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="male"></specimenCount>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFDC707E49E7FF41FE61FE84" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4448B859FFDC707E49E7FF41FE61FE84" blockId="42.[151,1436,253,496]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E49E7FF41FE83FEAF" bold="true" box="[151,305,253,279]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="3CE0F8C9FFDC707E4849FF42FECBFEA0" box="[313,377,254,280]" name="Japan" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Japan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="3CE0F8C9FFDC707E48C2FF41FE47FEAF" box="[434,501,253,279]" name="China" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="863376BBFFDC707E4B75FF41FDE6FEAF" box="[517,596,253,279]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Hunan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="863376BBFFDC707E4B11FF41FD7BFEAF" box="[609,713,253,279]" country="China" name="Liaoning" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Liaoning</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="863376BBFFDC707E4BA6FF41FC88FEAF" box="[726,826,253,279]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
Provinces) (
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDC707E4AB9FF41FADAFEA0" author="Pujade-Villar, J. &amp; Wang, Y. &amp; Chen, X. &amp; He, J." box="[969,1384,253,280]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="534 - 544" refId="ref51167" refString="Pujade-Villar, J., Wang, Y., Chen, X. &amp; He, J. (2014 b) Taxonomic review of East Palearctic species of Synergus section I, with description of a new species from China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipinae). Zoological Systematics, 39 (4), 534 - 544. https: // doi. org / 10.11865 / j. zs. 20140406" type="journal article" year="2014">
Pujade-Villar
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4D19FF42FB2EFEAF" box="[1129,1180,253,279]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
. 2014b: 542543
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDC707E4C04FF42FE74FE84" author="Lobato-Vila, I. &amp; Wang, Y. &amp; Melika, G. &amp; Guo, R. &amp; Xiaoxue, J. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J." pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="341 - 362" refId="ref46693" refString="Lobato-Vila, I., Wang, Y., Melika, G., Guo, R., Xiaoxue, J. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J. (2021 a) A review of the species in the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) from mainland China, with an updated key to Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental species. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 24 (1), 341 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. aspen. 2020.11.014" type="journal article" year="2021">
Lobato-Vila
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4876FE9EFE85FE83" box="[262,311,289,315]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
. 2021a: 354
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFDC707E49B7FEF9FA98FE1F" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4448B859FFDC707E49B7FEF9FBA0FE3B" blockId="42.[151,1436,253,496]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E49B7FEF9FE89FEE7" bold="true" box="[199,315,325,351]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Remarks.</emphasis>
In
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDC707E4811FEF9FD3BFEE7" author="Lobato-Vila, I. &amp; Wang, Y. &amp; Melika, G. &amp; Guo, R. &amp; Xiaoxue, J. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J." box="[353,649,325,352]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="341 - 362" refId="ref46693" refString="Lobato-Vila, I., Wang, Y., Melika, G., Guo, R., Xiaoxue, J. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J. (2021 a) A review of the species in the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) from mainland China, with an updated key to Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental species. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 24 (1), 341 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. aspen. 2020.11.014" type="journal article" year="2021">
Lobato-Vila
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4880FEFAFD93FEE7" box="[496,545,325,351]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
. (2021a)
</bibRefCitation>
, new material of
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDC707E4A3CFEFAFC7CFEE7" authorityName="Uchida &amp; Sakagami" authorityYear="1948" box="[844,974,326,352]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jezoensis">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4A3CFEFAFC7CFEE7" box="[844,974,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. jezoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="3CE0F8C9FFDC707E4D63FEF9FBE4FEE7" box="[1043,1110,325,351]" name="China" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">China</collectingCountry>
was identified as originating from galls of
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDC707E485FFED5FD9BFE3B" authorityName="Yasumatsu &amp; Masuda" authorityYear="1955" baseAuthorityName="Mukaigawa" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[303,553,361,387]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mukaigawae">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E485FFED5FD9BFE3B" box="[303,553,361,387]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Andricus mukaigawae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDC707E4B22FED6FD19FE3B" box="[594,683,361,388]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fabri">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4B22FED6FD19FE3B" box="[594,683,361,388]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Q. fabri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see Remarks for
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDC707E4A08FED6FBB3FE3B" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1874" box="[888,1025,362,388]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4A08FED6FBB3FE3B" box="[888,1025,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4448B859FFDC707E49E7FE31FA98FE1F" blockId="42.[151,1436,253,496]" box="[151,1322,397,424]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E49E7FE31FE81FE1F" bold="true" box="[151,307,397,423]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Remarks (2).</emphasis>
Redescribed and illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDC707E4BE5FE31FC7BFE1F" author="Pujade-Villar, J. &amp; Wang, Y. &amp; Chen, X. &amp; He, J." box="[661,969,397,424]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="534 - 544" refId="ref51167" refString="Pujade-Villar, J., Wang, Y., Chen, X. &amp; He, J. (2014 b) Taxonomic review of East Palearctic species of Synergus section I, with description of a new species from China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipinae). Zoological Systematics, 39 (4), 534 - 544. https: // doi. org / 10.11865 / j. zs. 20140406" type="journal article" year="2014">
Pujade-Villar
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4A41FE32FCD0FE1F" box="[817,866,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
. (2014b)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDC707E4A8FFE31FA94FE1F" author="Lobato-Vila, I. &amp; Wang, Y. &amp; Melika, G. &amp; Guo, R. &amp; Xiaoxue, J. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J." box="[1023,1318,397,424]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="341 - 362" refId="ref46693" refString="Lobato-Vila, I., Wang, Y., Melika, G., Guo, R., Xiaoxue, J. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J. (2021 a) A review of the species in the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) from mainland China, with an updated key to Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental species. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 24 (1), 341 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. aspen. 2020.11.014" type="journal article" year="2021">
Lobato-Vila
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4DFDFE32FB0CFE1F" box="[1165,1214,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
. (2021a)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFDC707E49B7FE0DFCFEFE57" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="4448B859FFDC707E49B7FE0DFCFEFE57" blockId="42.[151,1436,253,496]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E49B7FE0DFE95FE73" bold="true" box="[199,295,433,459]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Biology.</emphasis>
Reared from galls of
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDC707E4B66FE0DFCBDFE73" authorityName="Yasumatsu &amp; Masuda" authorityYear="1955" baseAuthorityName="Mukaigawa" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[534,783,433,459]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mukaigawae">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4B66FE0DFCBDFE73" box="[534,783,433,459]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Andricus mukaigawae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(generation unknown) presumably on
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDC707E4DCBFE0EFAA0FE73" box="[1211,1298,433,460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fabri">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4DCBFE0EFB7DFE74" box="[1211,1231,434,460]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4DACFE0DFAA0FE73" box="[1244,1298,433,459]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">fabri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(sect.
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDC707E4C2AFE0EFF0EFE57" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4C2AFE0EFF0EFE57" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (see Remarks above) (Table 2;
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Lobato-Vila
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDC707E4BC8FE6AFD5BFE57" box="[696,745,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
. 2021a
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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