141 lines
17 KiB
XML
141 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="66FD831EE05DD9B8661CA63D41F857EE">Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Laparocerus, with comments on colonisation and diversification in Macaronesia (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7F9DC917EDA00899840703BB164C3B01">Machado, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EE0FB18331850519CDFAA7C8D54B0CB2">Rodriguez-Exposito, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5D97ECD05940B8382AEEF49D89D77D1D">Lopez, Mercedes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1C6098B1952C035B51BAB58393036BA2">Hernandez, Mariano</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="47D00574F95240D5E6A08BD13EC5348C">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="11B426848B52F4ED08E410E7B1C47E2D">651</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="590C62B6A22FA78F347AE51A894BDE6B" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.651.10097</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C64A42E4A19D6C0424519EA9A66B4872" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127879877" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:50C6DB37-CDB5-4EE8-A0CE-219BCBC56914" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C64A42E4A19D6C0424519EA9A66B4872" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" scope_family="Curculionidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Entiminae">
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<subSubSection id="5502746F60D0043DBB4210744C12EA85" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DAD680B96D157474C60FFA0D425229FF" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="96E3ABEF3B6EC1614C7BF9F950CE3E95" ID-CoL="8KD9Q" LSID="http://zoobank.org/50C6DB37-CDB5-4EE8-A0CE-219BCBC56914" authority="Machado" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Canariotrox)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Canariotrox">Canariotrox Machado</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2071E4FC2465EB33C9CA2BD3806F37D1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">subg. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FC447315C59732EB55E01041FB214FC3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="56A760C6505E01D25A06E51975DFAA0B" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7E9E82410B94D8DD1F9A330FC3FB4063" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="2EB0988C0CACFC60B23C875904D727E5" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus inaequalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inaequalis">Laparocerus inaequalis</taxonomicName>
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Wollaston, 1864, by present designation (Fig. 13B).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9EBBA2E25E9A595DDCB49CA958765B07" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="EED5BC5BB55922A261D2F9B584AADA05" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5791C33DA69A9B26EAEE68DED44F571E" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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The name is a combination from the Modern Latin demonym
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<normalizedToken id="81188CD5E65BE414A7EA24E77E42D408" originalValue="‘canarius‘">'canarius'</normalizedToken>
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(inhabitant of the Canary Islands) and the latinisation of the Greek term
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<normalizedToken id="9AF1FC3500D0A50586957ADC3923EECC" originalValue="‘trōx’">'trōx'</normalizedToken>
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, meaning gnawer, applied to weevils. Gender masculine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0609A74F04CCD60751870D078A1912A5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="species assigned">
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<paragraph id="7F7B87BE628FEEF018ED87C1223D00F0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Species assigned.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2126CC9A88E1018156431CC450D938DF" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="92AFE08004081F2CD785D5FDABA1493E" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus abona" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abona">Laparocerus abona</taxonomicName>
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Machado, 2016;
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<taxonomicName id="9B30A8F7AF04B1A76ED507684064CE51" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus acyphus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acyphus">Laparocerus acyphus</taxonomicName>
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Machado, 2009;
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<taxonomicName id="6C6CFBF58D14748D3224E80C658A499A" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus aeneotinctus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneotinctus">Laparocerus aeneotinctus</taxonomicName>
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Machado, 2009;
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<taxonomicName id="B46437E64802A9170D3A8840420B0899" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus aguiari" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aguiari">Laparocerus aguiari</taxonomicName>
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Machado, 2007; affinis Wollaston, 1864;
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<taxonomicName id="4CF01D4C940BDB586BE81D8A114AA158" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus crassus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">Laparocerus crassus</taxonomicName>
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Roudier, 1957;
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<taxonomicName id="6953453744FBBEB1446BC24D5B60B579" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus estevezi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="estevezi">Laparocerus estevezi</taxonomicName>
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Machado, 2012;
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<taxonomicName id="69AB8A3A036E210D202074752DFE6085" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus femoralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoralis">Laparocerus femoralis</taxonomicName>
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Machado, 2009;
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<taxonomicName id="D7561EE4553D5FDC05AE6E2869011C81" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus hirtus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">Laparocerus hirtus</taxonomicName>
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Wollaston, 1864;
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<taxonomicName id="4D2B4CC4EC0209DA6787337C719E27C6" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus inaequalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inaequalis">Laparocerus inaequalis</taxonomicName>
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Wollaston, 1864;
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<taxonomicName id="4EA216E86CCB989079D5F02FDF36B71D" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus occidentalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">Laparocerus occidentalis</taxonomicName>
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Wollaston, 1864;
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<taxonomicName id="50D83AE623EA6CA292C30065F4D47F1D" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus rugosicollis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosicollis">Laparocerus rugosicollis</taxonomicName>
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Uyttenboogaart, 1937;
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<taxonomicName id="787F4B6757EE77DC7832BF69FA415FD5" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus tauce" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tauce">Laparocerus tauce</taxonomicName>
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Machado, 2016; and
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<taxonomicName id="CFA9DF372EBB4003BDCFF772C7D03DAE" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus vestitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vestitus">Laparocerus vestitus</taxonomicName>
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Wollaston, 1864.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6800FD657CC256D968B8D6D17B8529B" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="diagnostic remarks">
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<paragraph id="23742D542ACAF9CE8853FAB00901FF89" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Diagnostic remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="868808CB164EE8069B6D31F2BF83D1E2" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="91DAC290EE93185ABC7A43C970228287" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Laparocerus</taxonomicName>
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of squarish, rounded or elongated appearance, endemic to the central and western Canary Islands. Species of the
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<taxonomicName id="CD89E4D71BB4DA0FEAB9819B9EEACCAA" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus inaequalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inaequalis">Laparocerus inaequalis</taxonomicName>
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group (+
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<taxonomicName id="497A750B29B53BE139D3DE82ED91B707" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus vestitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vestitus">Laparocerus vestitus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="8B2FA3CA90A2A030B321A66FA361D708" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus affinis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">Laparocerus affinis</taxonomicName>
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) may be small (4.2-8.2 mm), have shiny or metallic integument, and elytra bearing long silky hairs, while the rest of species (
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<taxonomicName id="3D4E1357A5B6653AAF242D87365FCB79" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus occidentalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">Laparocerus occidentalis</taxonomicName>
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group)
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<pageBreakToken id="460772576324C4098C7C917F4F588F3C" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" start="start">are</pageBreakToken>
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of larger size (6.2-1.2 mm), with matt integuments, and elytra beset with small setae more or less protruding from the vestiture of scales. Antennae thin and long, with capitated escape. Apex of male protibia incurved with blunt outer angle (except in
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<taxonomicName id="90CC5B020C9E21B3BF65B066EA4CD552" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus vestitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vestitus">Laparocerus vestitus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="B7E8CBCE4E437B91DB39539F4FA92823" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus affinis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">Laparocerus affinis</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="513264136CC52AB5BF55A924826EA535" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Gonoporal diverticulum of the internal sac of penis as long or longer than the blind diverticulum. Gonostyli tubular inserted at apex of hemisternites. Female terguite VIII ending sharp-pointed (plough-like) and spiculum ventrale (sternite VIII) very robust, spearheaded, with lamina as long as apodeme and with short marginal cirri. This feature is surely related to a special case of oviposition (punching a hard substrate?) and is a good diagnostic character, but not exclusive to this subgenus. Within
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<taxonomicName id="0369EF8140BB9622D7AD07FB8179E1AA" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Laparocerus</taxonomicName>
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, the same plough-like structure is present in
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<taxonomicName id="15212AA64815794296EBDC35DC6915E1" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus (Purpuranius) calvus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calvus" subGenus="Purpuranius">Laparocerus (Purpuranius) calvus</taxonomicName>
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, and to some extent in
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<taxonomicName id="866358A10074FBFD602C2F26E567335C" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus (Atlantis) clavatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clavatus" subGenus="Atlantis">Laparocerus (Atlantis) clavatus</taxonomicName>
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. It is also known from other weevil genera.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |