251 lines
26 KiB
XML
251 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.523.6114" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4797fafc-be77-457b-b7dc-f58bb3dd21f1" ID-PMC="PMC4602296" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-523-31" ID-PubMed="26478698" ID-ZBK="81A71684982448ADAD0C76566B8A1E58" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-523-31" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 523" ModsDocTitle="Seven new hypselostomatid species from China, including some of the world’s smallest land snails (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Orthurethra)" checkinTime="1451243961253" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pall-Gergely, Barna, Hunyadi, Andras, Jochum, Adrienne & Asami, Takahiro" docDate="2015" docId="BADA6DA39B6440FC271B89A6EFEED86A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 523: 31-62" docOrigin="ZooKeys 523" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.523.6114" docTitle="Krobylos sinensis Pall-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="A2630E1E-5259-4D3F-9C05-BB769B5EAFC3" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="162D0152FF8CFFFB93300E53AF52FFEA" masterDocTitle="Seven new hypselostomatid species from China, including some of the world's smallest land snails (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Orthurethra)" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1668160742125" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Seven new hypselostomatid species from China, including some of the world's smallest land snails (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Orthurethra)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pall-Gergely, Barna</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hunyadi, Andras</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jochum, Adrienne</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Asami, Takahiro</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>523</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>31</mods:start>
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<mods:end>62</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.523.6114</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.523.6114</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-523-31</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">81A71684982448ADAD0C76566B8A1E58</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">81A71684982448ADAD0C76566B8A1E58</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152062485" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A2630E1E-5259-4D3F-9C05-BB769B5EAFC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BADA6DA39B6440FC271B89A6EFEED86A" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="17" pageNumber="48">
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="48" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">Taxon classification Animalia Pulmonata Hypselostomatidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/A2630E1E-5259-4D3F-9C05-BB769B5EAFC3" authority="Pall-Gergely & Hunyadi" class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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Krobylos sinensis
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
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& Hunyadi
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="17" pageNumber="48">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 9, 10
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="48" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">
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China, Guangxi (广西), Bose Shi (百色市), Leye Xian (乐业县), Chuandong Tiankeng Scenic Area (穿洞天坑景区), inner cliffs of the dolina, 1290 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="24.807167">24°48.430'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="106.48795">106° 29.277'E</geoCoordinate>
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, leg. Hunyadi, A. & Szekeres, M., 09.09.2013., HNHM 99446 (holotype), HNHM 99447/1 (paratype), SMF 346522/1 paratype, HA/12 paratypes + 2 juvenile shells (not paratypes), PGB/1; China, Guangxi (广西), Hechi Shi (河池市), Tiane Xian (天峨县), Qimu Xiang (豈暮乡), cross towards Lahao Yan (拉号岩), 600 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="24.852167">24°51.130'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="107.1945">107°11.670'E</geoCoordinate>
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, leg. Hunyadi, A. & Szekeres, M., 12.09.2013., HA/3 paratypes; China, Guangxi (广西), Hechi Shi (河池市), Huanjiang Xian (南丹县), cliffs above Dongning (峒宁) Village S of the Mulun Nature Reserve (木论国家级自然保护区), 530 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="25.0995">25°5.970'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="107.96065">107°57.639'E</geoCoordinate>
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, leg. Hunyadi, A. & Szekeres, M., 17.09.2013., HA/3 paratypes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">
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A large
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Krobylos</taxonomicName>
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species with conical spire, rounded, regularly coiled whorls, large oval-shaped aperture, adnate parietal side and very weak indication of spiral striae on its dorsal surface.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">Shell small, usually wider than high, only a single specimen from the Mulun Nature Reserve had the shell height and the shell diameter both measuring 2.7 mm; the 3.75-4.25 whorls are separated by a well-defined deep suture; whorls weakly angular, especially the penultimate whorl; protoconch light brownish purple, glossy, no notable sculpture visible; teleoconch light to dark purple, or pinkish, with blunt, irregularly course wrinkles; no spiral lines are visible under the microscope, but the SEM images revealed a hint of spiral striation on the lower half of each whorl (except for the last one); umbilicus open, narrow, (from ventral view), only its edge is covered by the peristome; aperture wide with its parietal part adnate to the penultimate whorl; peristome sharp, not thickened, not expanded nor reflexed; aperture reflected at columellar margin such that it covers the edge of the umbilicus.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="48">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">
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Figure 9. Holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
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& Hunyadi, sp. n. (HNHM 99446). All images: B.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="48">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">
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Figure 10. Sculpture of the holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (HNHM 99446). Abbreviations: NS: no spiral lines; S: spiral lines present. All images: B.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="48" type="measurements">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">Measurements</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">(in mm): SH = 2.2-2.7, SW = 2.5-3 (n = 13 from all populations).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="48">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="17" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Tonkinospira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinospira depressa" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="depressa">Tonkinospira depressa</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Jaeckel, SH" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="25" pageNumber="56" pagination="15 - 20" title="Die Mollusken eines tropischen Flussgenistes aus Tonkin." volume="79" year="1950">Jaeckel 1950</bibRefCitation>
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) by the larger size, rounded whorls and the absence of spiral sculpture on the upper sides of the whorls. The aperture of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Tonkinospira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinospira defixa" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="defixa">Tonkinospira defixa</taxonomicName>
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(Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1912) is not adnate, and its shell is much smaller than
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Tonkinospira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinospira pulverea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulverea">Tonkinospira pulverea</taxonomicName>
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(Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1909) has more rounded whorls and the entire surface is regularly spirally striated.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Tonkinospira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinospira pauperrima" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pauperrima">Tonkinospira pauperrima</taxonomicName>
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(Bavay
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="49" start="start">&</pageBreakToken>
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amp; Dautzenberg, 1909) has a much more elevated spire, narrower umbilicus and stronger spiral striae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="18" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos maehongsonensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="18" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maehongsonensis">Krobylos maehongsonensis</taxonomicName>
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Panha & Burch, 1999 has a higher spire, a relatively larger aperture, sharper keel, weaker radial growth lines and more bulging whorls
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="50" start="start">from</pageBreakToken>
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dorsal view (in
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. the whorls are ventrally more flat).
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos kangkoy" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kangkoy">Krobylos kangkoy</taxonomicName>
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Panha & Burch, 2004 (in
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<bibRefCitation author="Panha, S" journalOrPublisher="The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University" pageId="25" pageNumber="56" pagination="57 - 82" title="New Pupillid Species from Thailand (Pulmonata: Pupillidae)." url="http://www.thaiscience.info/Article%20for%20ThaiScience/Article/5/Ts-5%20new%20pupillid%20species%20from%20thailand%20(pulmonata-%20pupillidae).pdf" volume="4" year="2004">Panha et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
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) has a much narrower umbilicus than the new species.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos pomjuk" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pomjuk">Krobylos pomjuk</taxonomicName>
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Panha & Burch, 1999 also has a narrower umbilicus and a more depressed shell with a wider aperture. It is much smaller than
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Similarly as small,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos takensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="takensis">Krobylos takensis</taxonomicName>
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Panha & Burch, 2004 (in
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<bibRefCitation author="Panha, S" journalOrPublisher="The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University" pageId="25" pageNumber="56" pagination="57 - 82" title="New Pupillid Species from Thailand (Pulmonata: Pupillidae)." url="http://www.thaiscience.info/Article%20for%20ThaiScience/Article/5/Ts-5%20new%20pupillid%20species%20from%20thailand%20(pulmonata-%20pupillidae).pdf" volume="4" year="2004">Panha et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
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) has a higher spire and more angled whorls.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos tampla" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tampla">Krobylos tampla</taxonomicName>
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is even smaller bearing a narrower umbilicus. The aperture of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos veruwan" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="veruwan">Krobylos veruwan</taxonomicName>
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Panha & Burch, 2004 (in
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<bibRefCitation author="Panha, S" journalOrPublisher="The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University" pageId="25" pageNumber="56" pagination="57 - 82" title="New Pupillid Species from Thailand (Pulmonata: Pupillidae)." url="http://www.thaiscience.info/Article%20for%20ThaiScience/Article/5/Ts-5%20new%20pupillid%20species%20from%20thailand%20(pulmonata-%20pupillidae).pdf" volume="4" year="2004">Panha et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
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) has a low palatal ridge, which is missing in
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Moreover,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos veruwan" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="veruwan">Krobylos veruwan</taxonomicName>
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is much smaller than
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. and has a narrower
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="51" start="start">umbilicus</pageBreakToken>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidulidae" genus="Pyramidula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyramidula laosensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laosensis">Pyramidula laosensis</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Saurin, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="26" pageNumber="57" pagination="113 - 120" title="Coquilles nouvelles de l'Indochine." volume="93" year="1953">Saurin 1953</bibRefCitation>
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, which also likely also belongs to
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Krobylos</taxonomicName>
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, shows increased bulging whorls and a more pronounced closure of the umbilicus by the peristome.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">The species is named after China, the country of its type locality.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="51" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">
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China, Guangxi (广西), Bose Shi (百色市), Leye Xian (乐业县), Chuandong Tiankeng Scenic Area (穿洞天坑景区), inner cliffs of the dolina, 1290 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="24.807167">24°48.430'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="106.48795">106° 29.277'E</geoCoordinate>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. has been found in three different localities in northern Guangxi Province (Figure 13). See also remarks on the distinctness of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Krobylos</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Tonkinospira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinospira" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Tonkinospira</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="51" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Empty shells of this new species have been found in a soil sample at the base of large limestone rocks. It probably lives under stones and inside crevices.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="51" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is reported from three sites in this study. This species may inhabit similar habitats in the same geographic area. At the moment, on a global scale, its distribution is likely limited to less than 5 sites, therefore these vulnerable narrow range endemics warrant conservation priority (Vu D2) in conjunction with the Guidelines for the IUCN Red List (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hanken, J" journalOrPublisher="Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee" pageId="24" pageNumber="55" pagination="16 - 59" title="Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11." url="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" volume="11" year="2014">IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="51" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Krobylos</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described as a group of toothless snails entirely lacking superficial microstructure (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Panha, S" journalOrPublisher="Walkerana" pageId="25" pageNumber="56" pagination="113 - 134" title="New taxa of Pupillidae (Pulmonata: Stylommatophora) from Thailand." url="http://molluskconservation.org/WALKERANA/" volume="10" year="1999">Panha and Burch 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Tonkinospira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinospira" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Tonkinospira</taxonomicName>
|
||
, on the other hand, has prominent spiral microsculpture over the entire surface. In this respect,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is intermediate, because it has only very slight indication of spiral striae on the lower half of the whorls. This spiral sculpture is very faint or not visible under the microscope, but detectable using SEM images. We provisionally place
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Krobylos</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of the very weak spiral striae. However, we remark that the distinctness of the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Krobylos</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Tonkinospira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinospira" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Tonkinospira</taxonomicName>
|
||
requires further study.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos sinensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">Krobylos sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is the only species assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Krobylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Krobylos" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Krobylos</taxonomicName>
|
||
reported outside of Thailand. However, "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidulidae" genus="Pyramidula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyramidula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pyramidula</taxonomicName>
|
||
"
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="laosensis" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="laosensis">laosensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
might also belong to the same genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |