178 lines
19 KiB
XML
178 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="CAD4FD5B5F1FB9834695D6C7FC950BB3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.180745" ID-GBIF-Dataset="66f073b9-f692-4384-8998-ac652d284c81" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="180745" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459816287665" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dimitrov, Dimitar, Álvarez-Padilla, Fernando & Hormiga, Gustavo" docDate="2008" docId="BA4BE1736F3E3008FF0FBB79BFE8F9A6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01698p056.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1698" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Tetragnatha Latreille 1804" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="4672990B6F3C300CFF98BC0BBC31FFE6" masterDocTitle="Until dirt do us apart: On the unremarkable palp morphology of the spider Sternospina concretipalpis Schmidt & Krause, 1993, with comments on the genus Prionolaema Simon, 1894 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1698221422635" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="D238102BEF8B4DF1800F3DCE2957FFD6">Until dirt do us apart: On the unremarkable palp morphology of the spider Sternospina concretipalpis Schmidt & Krause, 1993, with comments on the genus Prionolaema Simon, 1894 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2D3DBAA5B987EFF1FD5061E8857459E3">Dimitrov, Dimitar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4427148C8F89C55A38EDAFA18A3D519A">Álvarez-Padilla, Fernando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7A20FE0872E4407310AC1AAE2A808DA8">Hormiga, Gustavo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C07AA9EFD3C2F434B10799ADF30978A8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1BAA5F4E12D11378ABB2A78AD93A3171">
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<mods:date id="D64D75B87E867BD21BE8CC55CDEA9DC0">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CACA9815D5E85121FA301FAFDCDF7AD4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="EF0C1812520AF3F2D91DB395B029B8E4">1698</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="90BD94D8A294442B5E16ACE304542AA5" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.180745</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7137E8FE24F58112C8B6050919079E34" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E9E2903C45BCB32C5522DD73B3578A1D" type="Zenodo-Dep">180745</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="BA4BE1736F3E3008FF0FBB79BFE8F9A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6230529" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119354751" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6230529" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BA4BE1736F3E3008FF0FBB79BFE8F9A6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA4BE1736F3E3008FF0FBB79BFE8F9A6" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection id="7AF803EE6F3E300EFF0FBB79BE0CF86A" box="[151,573,1906,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF0FBB79BE0CF86A" blockId="2.[151,573,1906,1932]" box="[151,573,1906,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
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<heading id="6915E7096F3E300EFF0FBB79BE0CF86A" bold="true" box="[151,573,1906,1932]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBB79BE0CF86A" bold="true" box="[151,573,1906,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF76BB79BE0CF86A" ID-CoL="64744" ID-ENA="27395" authority="Latreille, 1804" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[238,573,1906,1932]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF76BB79BDB0F86A" bold="true" box="[238,385,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Tetragnatha</emphasis>
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Latreille, 1804
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7AF803EE6F3E3008FF0FBBB6BFE8F9A6" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF0FBBB6BE6EF812" blockId="2.[151,707,1981,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
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<typeStatus id="ED59EEC76F3E300EFF0FBBB6BCFDF832" box="[151,204,1981,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFEB5BBB6BEF2F832" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[301,707,1981,2004]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extensa">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFEB5BBB6BE34F832" box="[301,517,1981,2004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Tetragnatha extensa</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus, 1758)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF0FBBD6BD80F812" authority="Simon, 1894" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,433,2013,2036]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Prionolaema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBBD6BD13F812" box="[151,290,2013,2036]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Prionolaema</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="56732D946F3E300EFEB1BBD6BD80F812" author="Simon" box="[297,433,2013,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="56" refString="Simon, E. (1894) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris, 1, 489 - 760." type="journal article" year="1894">Simon, 1894</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFE2FBBD7BE6EF812" bold="true" box="[439,607,2012,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">new synonymy</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="325D50656F3F300FFF0FBC93BCC1FEE4" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3F300FFE80BC93BE7EFF54" authority="Simon, 1894" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1894" box="[280,591,152,178]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Prionolaema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3F300FFE80BC93BD80FF57" box="[280,433,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Prionolaema</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="56732D946F3F300FFE20BC93BE7EFF54" author="Simon" box="[440,591,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Simon, E. (1894) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris, 1, 489 - 760." type="journal article" year="1894">Simon, 1894</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3F300FFCFEBC93B898FF54" authority="Latreille, 1804" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[870,1193,152,178]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3F300FFCFEBC93BFC5FF57" box="[870,1012,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Tetragnatha</emphasis>
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Latreille, 1804
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</taxonomicName>
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as the only two species in the genus are members of
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3F300FFDADBCCBBEF2FF3F" box="[565,707,192,217]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3F300FFDADBCCBBEF2FF3F" box="[565,707,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Tetragnatha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. This synonymy has resulted in two new combinations (see below).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="669D00ED6F3F300FFF0FBB6CB8F6F800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180746/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[151,1435,313,1866]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="325D50656F3F300FFF0FBB6CB8F6F800" blockId="3.[151,1436,1895,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3F300FFF0FBB6CBD28F899" bold="true" box="[151,281,1895,1919]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3F300FFE87BB63BE40F898" authority="Thorell, 1877" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1877" box="[287,625,1895,1919]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3F300FFE87BB63BDF4F899" box="[287,453,1896,1919]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Tylorida striata</emphasis>
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(Thorell, 1877)
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</taxonomicName>
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, male palps (Schmidt and Krause’s
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3F300FFC76BB63B890F899" box="[1006,1185,1895,1919]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Sternospina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concretipalpis">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3F300FFC76BB63BFCAF899" box="[1006,1019,1896,1919]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">S</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="00968C776F3F300FFB91BB63B890F899" box="[1033,1185,1896,1919]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">concretipalpis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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holotype): A, left, ventral. B, left palp before separating it from the remains of the right palp, retrolateral. C, close up of right palp tibia, retrolateral (arrow points to the distal edge of the right tibia missing the cymbium). D, left palp, retrolateral (left femur labeled by right pointing arrow; femur of incomplete righ palp labeld by left pointing arrow). Scale bars 0.5.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="669D00ED6F383008FF0FB840B96CFB84" box="[151,1373,1099,1123]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180747/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[156,1436,194,1079]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="325D50656F383008FF0FB840B96CFB84" blockId="4.[151,1373,1099,1123]" box="[151,1373,1099,1123]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FF0FB840BD28FB85" bold="true" box="[151,281,1099,1123]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FEB8B840BE96FB84" authority="(Simon, 1894)" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1894" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[288,679,1099,1122]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aetherea">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FEB8B840BE35FB84" box="[288,516,1099,1122]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Tetragnatha aetherea</emphasis>
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(Simon, 1894)
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</taxonomicName>
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, subadult male (holotype). A, habitus, lateral. B, palp, prolateral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="325D50656F383008FF5EB89DBFE8F9A6" blockId="4.[151,1437,1174,1600]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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Justification of the synonymy: The original description of
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FCECB89DB83CFB49" box="[884,1037,1174,1199]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Prionolaema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FCECB89DB83CFB49" box="[884,1037,1174,1199]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Prionolaema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is based on a subadult male specimen that, unfortunately, does not allow the examination of palpal morphology.
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<collectingCountry id="4AF510F56F383008FBC1B8B5B84BFB3E" box="[1113,1146,1214,1240]" name="American Samoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">As</collectingCountry>
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a result several somatic characters are cited in the diagnosis to differentiate this genus from
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FC28B8EDB80FFB19" box="[944,1086,1254,1279]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FC28B8EDB80FFB19" box="[944,1086,1254,1279]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Tetragnatha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The first and most important diagnostic character refers to the eye pattern of
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FD4AB905BF5AFAC1" box="[722,875,1294,1319]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Prionolaema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FD4AB905BF5AFAC1" box="[722,875,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Prionolaema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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which has contiguous lateral eyes. Contiguous lateral eyes, however, are also observed in several
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FD63B93DBFB8FAA9" box="[763,905,1334,1359]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FD63B93DBFB8FAA9" box="[763,905,1334,1359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Tetragnatha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species. For example, the Hawaiian species
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FF0FB955BE19FA9E" authority="Gillespie, 1994" authorityName="Gillespie" authorityYear="1994" box="[151,552,1374,1400]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maka">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FF0FB955BD5CFA91" box="[151,365,1374,1399]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Tetragnatha maka</emphasis>
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Gillespie, 1994
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FDFAB955BFEDFA9E" authority="Gillespie, 1994" authorityName="Gillespie" authorityYear="1994" box="[610,988,1374,1400]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kea">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FDFAB955BF10FA91" box="[610,801,1374,1399]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Tetragnatha kea</emphasis>
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Gillespie, 1994
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</taxonomicName>
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have the same eye pattern. The wider than longer labium with laminar portion of
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FD08B98DBF18FA79" box="[656,809,1414,1439]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Prionolaema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FD08B98DBF18FA79" box="[656,809,1414,1439]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Prionolaema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is not different from the morphology of the labium of
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FF0FB9A5BD14FA21" box="[151,293,1454,1479]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FF0FB9A5BD14FA21" box="[151,293,1454,1479]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Tetragnatha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The same is true for the other characters listed as diagnostic for
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FBA1B9A5B8E3FA21" box="[1081,1234,1454,1479]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Prionolaema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FBA1B9A5B8E3FA21" box="[1081,1234,1454,1479]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Prionolaema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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such as the long and slender palp and the shape of the abdomen. Many
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<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FC8EB9DDBF95FA09" box="[790,932,1494,1519]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FC8EB9DDBF95FA09" box="[790,932,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Tetragnatha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are known to have elongated conical abdomens as the one observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FDCDB9F5BEDFF9F1" box="[597,750,1534,1559]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Prionolaema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FDCDB9F5BEDFF9F1" box="[597,750,1534,1559]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Prionolaema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based on these observations we consider the decision to regard
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FF71BA2DBDB3F9D9" box="[233,386,1574,1599]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Prionolaema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FF71BA2DBDB3F9D9" box="[233,386,1574,1599]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Prionolaema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F383008FD05BA2DBF1AF9D9" box="[669,811,1574,1599]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="00968C776F383008FD05BA2DBF1AF9D9" box="[669,811,1574,1599]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Tetragnatha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fully justified.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |