235 lines
19 KiB
XML
235 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="68AB6D0AB7C0E33B6C890F45DDCB5BD9" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.122829" ID-ZooBank="5F3E1286-D578-4F4B-AD83-F5BC46D651A4" ID-publisher-id="122829" URI-arpha="1A5FB32D-5583-5178-9A4F-8ECA83E94B97" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/5F3E1286-D578-4F4B-AD83-F5BC46D651A4" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1721914000227" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Reemer, Menno & Sankararaman, Hariharakrishnan" docDate="2024" docId="B738C48E065350CDB3B3C941279B0713" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1208: 1-48" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1208" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/122829/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Paramixogaster conveniens" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="1A5FB32D558351789A4F8ECA83E94B97" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Oriental species of the hoverfly genus Paramixogaster Brunetti, 1923 (Diptera, Syrphidae, Microdontinae)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1721914496133" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5780EDF0FE2793E00D102B24D62B3842">
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<mods:title id="DBADF6330DA796F84C0041C41AB7F756">Revision of the Oriental species of the hoverfly genus Paramixogaster Brunetti, 1923 (Diptera, Syrphidae, Microdontinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="17C87D1B93BF87DCFD6E7573CD46ECA2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0254BB94979AEB00A9B74CACC604133C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FBA6C95F6184A415B5D989F3AAC3FCB0">Reemer, Menno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AC59838B63A7051D7B2695D1105432A1">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="29D1C92833E2BA0FB9FA0C30346C4818">Sankararaman, Hariharakrishnan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E363B56B5238019601BE10FC73100A74" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5244-9833</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="DE51C0627E5A355B591D7EE96F40D780">Department of Crop Protection (Entomology), Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Manakkadavu, Pollachi, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 642103, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8FE29F998080608F67B1E52A0FC5EDCA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="956BC6EB89A6C00275ADB37EA8736649">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8FBBA1E695D1D0D1E35C7E1AD892CC34">
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<mods:date id="8D5DD3469CA0E345F01541BB8641B8B1">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D96AC1C4236F4C27F0F33B71D910A65B">2024-07-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5B850E7C1E57688337D91068682F35DC">1208</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="3470F7EBFD9EDBAE1AA7CBFC77A1DB14">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2EF111AF5978BA31D9C8FC014D94AC6A" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1208.122829</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3A3AB8EA5C179488CFF06C782CA87DDB" type="ZooBank">5F3E1286-D578-4F4B-AD83-F5BC46D651A4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B738C48E065350CDB3B3C941279B0713" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12820304" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12820304" ID-arpha="B738C48E-0653-50CD-B3B3-C941279B0713" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B738C48E065350CDB3B3C941279B0713" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B738C48E065350CDB3B3C941279B0713">
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<subSubSection id="2704A292121B518E9DE4D0A59B9C24AB" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A06A931306DCAE18A07E53E1573D8E63">
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||
<taxonomicName id="98247ADD6D809F3C0531AD0DC6F46B7C" ID-CoL="8D6Y2" authority="(Brunetti, 1923)" baseAuthorityName="Brunetti" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conveniens">
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||
<emphasis id="945D4F005FC428F64ABEF5AA7170ED19" italics="true">Paramixogaster conveniens</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="CC00342A56022C5804F7987EF41E358C" author="Brunetti E" journalOrPublisher="Taylor & Francis, London" refId="B2" refString="Brunetti E (1923) Order Diptera. Families Pipunculidae, Syrphidae, Conopidae, Oestridae. Taylor & Francis, London, 424 pp." title="Order Diptera. Families Pipunculidae, Syrphidae, Conopidae, Oestridae." year="1923">Brunetti, 1923</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="25B76D3BE2DBCDF993FAFEF7BA40B47E" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="EBE7ACEC2ECC17EA8484C579BC938D7A">
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<figureCitation id="5B8BD9C5A3892594EDC3EC654D75F33E" captionStart="Figures 39–45" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figures 39–45. Microdon conveniens Brunetti, female, holotype: 39 habitus, dorsal 40 habitus, lateral 41 head, frontal 42 head, lateral 43 head, dorsal 44 wing 45 tergite 2, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.122829.figures39-45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1101755">Figs 39–45</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C6399F3FB6ADBB9D802681AA3E9280A1" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="04C352834C690A7AD4E7FF0B39CC4A5C">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ACEAC23B2719CB6D5F5EA8C428178323">
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<treatmentCitation id="F6A4BF7225C1AAEA3FED6E0FA0A8C3AE" author="Brunetti E" page="311" year="1923">
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<taxonomicName id="CA3D10A3F1CD08C5E2222C2D74145F3D" ID-CoL="89FS3" authority="Brunetti, 1923: 311" authorityName="Brunetti" authorityPageNumber="311" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conveniens">
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<emphasis id="C3984D806614977E15313F18EFC81087" italics="true">Microdon conveniens</emphasis>
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<comment id="BF6EE1980927482921A9A0BD3FFA99DF">
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<bibRefCitation id="1F199B9A1081E8D6CB4103E9B85CD42C" author="Brunetti E" journalOrPublisher="Taylor & Francis, London" refId="B2" refString="Brunetti E (1923) Order Diptera. Families Pipunculidae, Syrphidae, Conopidae, Oestridae. Taylor & Francis, London, 424 pp." title="Order Diptera. Families Pipunculidae, Syrphidae, Conopidae, Oestridae." year="1923">Brunetti, 1923: 311</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="F65EBE2DE9FD61F42E3268688422413B" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="84C47A6BB8688EC096D95BC5AF13866C" count="1" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="73D39DEBF9BC928BED732D753919427E" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
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(
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<named-content id="626E51432A80540F0DAF53581340FA9E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
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<collectionCode id="6CD12D8B0CA46C05FD65CDA42105983F" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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</named-content>
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) [examined];
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<treatmentCitation id="AEE307A47F0E10EE0FD64B61456A4040" author="Knutson LV & Thompson FC & Vockeroth JR" page="370" year="1975">
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<bibRefCitation id="E88D1BD3857FB7D35042CD9ADB4C3059" author="Knutson LV & Thompson FC & Vockeroth JR" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Knutson" journalOrPublisher="In: Delfinado D, Hardy DE (Eds) A catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental region" page="370" pagination="307-374" refId="B14" refString="Knutson LV, Thompson FC, Vockeroth JR (1975) Family Syrphidae. In: Delfinado D, Hardy DE (Eds) A catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental region 2: 307–374." title="Family Syrphidae." volume="2" year="1975">Knutson et al. 1975: 370</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</comment>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="04F499BE79A92D0BFAB1C0597F49B1F7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="F8B4E92096EFDA4B943EDE863EEEA71C">
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<treatmentCitation id="210A0088D8D0847BF280B998FDA5C425">
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<taxonomicName id="1126CE1EB888A49DE05B2587E53C07AE" ID-CoL="8D6Y2" authority="(Brunetti)" baseAuthorityName="Brunetti" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conveniens">
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<emphasis id="D5EB5B4A732221B75AC379D6818E8807" italics="true">Paramixogaster conveniens</emphasis>
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<comment id="F8F2CC0D1E5108AA74DAB6E1CADB5E50">
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(Brunetti) –
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<treatmentCitation id="D103E6AC3EE034D86DD10C6BA6727C58" author="Reemer M & Ståhls G" page="145" year="">
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<bibRefCitation id="5CC1E456948B3E75B44B8B7D4B2CA03C" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" author="Reemer M & Ståhls G" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-213" refId="B19" refString="Reemer M, Ståhls G (2013 a) Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae). ZooKeys 288: 1–213. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" title="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)." volume="288">Reemer and Ståhls 2013 a</bibRefCitation>
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: 145
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</comment>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EPNBG" type="Studied type specimens">
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<paragraph id="F0F32E5B03A6CA02786E939C79009798">
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<heading id="922DBDB7F09185DFB7D1FC3A7AC8A63E" reason="title">Studied type specimens.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C5A680C4D143A8C0988BDD1300CDC548">
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<materialsCitation id="3241F77696EEE3055DFD376318C9EA59" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Cameron & Label" country="India" determinerName="Brun." location="Assam" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Assam" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B72E2EA558057AC5728D6EB800ED9041" bold="true" italics="true">
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<typeStatus id="EFDBE7AD58E06F5BA9C4820F80852606" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="89CBDAFFD0D444E1AA0E18A23F4CADB0" authority="Brunetti." authorityName="Brunetti." class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conveniens">
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<emphasis id="596BA6CEEE7466D625E4EE6D4FD53BCF" italics="true">Microdon conveniens</emphasis>
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Brunetti.
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</taxonomicName>
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<collectingCountry id="F7A2951C47CA88ED084C8B300860F710" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount id="AC1FC3C595AB824DA6AB68F7B35C323E" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion id="1A40168D5114E7F83438CA09EF99AC46" country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
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;
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<collectorName id="A76AA0F9B297C7095616D7BA37CDD42F">Cameron</collectorName>
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leg.;
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<named-content id="BE16420A33F5A989E6D0B55E1309B23F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
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<collectionCode id="D6B0B0493FB3D80B1505054D93261186" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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</named-content>
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.
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<collectorName id="59B3232B3636BC2536AEF7C3421D2AC4">Label</collectorName>
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1 (round, red-bordered): “
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<typeStatus id="23C146DAD98AC96F38BC0F9A224F9BEB" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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”; label 2: “
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<collectingRegion id="58B9AF3248A68B7E2531225A68040480" country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
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. ”; label 3: “ Cameron Coll. // 1902-105 ”; label 4: “ M. conveniens // Brun. Type. [female] // det.
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<determinerName id="426DE4B2673FAF8A5D8CE8ED09969362">Brun.</determinerName>
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1923 ”.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0ESOBG" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="48AF48B8CC3E56C2D9A11FCD8EB11547">
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<heading id="E9BB8208117C15DB2BB4BC6CFCDF793C" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5DB76152DB75251E323A7C3B5C1F5732">
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Only female known. Body length:
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<quantity id="D7970A0A2FA6188714C6837BB9D3BB2D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
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. This species and
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<taxonomicName id="88E00552009D022FCC4B7257DD54C189" baseAuthorityName="Brunetti" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contracta">
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<emphasis id="C461842522C797E7BFDC62D10AD30091" italics="true">P. contracta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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share a unique character among
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<taxonomicName id="B3A02AA6963217FCEF9C97F1DFBB1C34" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Microdontinae">Microdontinae</taxonomicName>
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: a setulose metanepisternum. Within
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<taxonomicName id="6682371F248E09DEA3F654118595E628" authorityName="Brunetti" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="03D0A695135EA241368658C50BC9DB9D" italics="true">Paramixogaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, both species also stand out because of the complete transverse suture on the mesoscutum.
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<taxonomicName id="3951E348395A462DDF3F6758DAA1DEC0" baseAuthorityName="Brunetti" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conveniens">
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<emphasis id="6D34CB994E5E390D4BBBB75CF3AA2426" italics="true">Paramixogaster conveniens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BB0009F27025AB72F13F80F744CB47C9" baseAuthorityName="Brunetti" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contracta">
|
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<emphasis id="56B3E5E7017CD5846FE8E88B6F95976C" italics="true">P. contracta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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in the following characters: legs with femora partly black (entirely yellow in
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<taxonomicName id="EC5F030CCB73C5B1F95BABA78B160CDF" baseAuthorityName="Brunetti" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contracta">
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<emphasis id="01ADD0E808B2BF3510E8BDAA7FF333E3" italics="true">P. contracta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
) and vein M 1 recurrent at acute angle (more or less right angle in
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<taxonomicName id="35AB6CFEE7B01463CE4245B9809C9859" baseAuthorityName="Brunetti" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paramixogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contracta">
|
||
<emphasis id="3ED8FD496990B147C3C35EE8E9DEF721" italics="true">P. contracta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2QBG" type="redescription">
|
||
<paragraph id="7BBB09B4029DA01D08D7A50EC669B2A1">
|
||
<heading id="EE0D8CAF15A3F2C6C8236AC5E978160A" reason="title">Redescription</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CDB997AEF26067CE07F8D5D5F15F053C">
|
||
<emphasis id="51A94FD73125BD7F2416C08B47DD128B" bold="true">
|
||
(based on
|
||
<typeStatus id="193D41D28AC964A8F41ADA3CF63DCDD4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Adult female
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</emphasis>
|
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Body length:
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<quantity id="210324D10B43282393CF6D15B58FB685" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
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||
.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="716A056D3D7C5CBC0CCCB91FA3433986">
|
||
<emphasis id="92969CF251576B2C3C08F007841E4D43" bold="true">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFD881176054EF4D0E68612B0864AE71" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
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</emphasis>
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Face occupying ~ 1 / 3 of head width in frontal view, with sides more or less parallel below antennae; black; entirely white setulose. Gena widely developed; black; white setulose. Oral margin not notched anteriorly, laterally not produced. Frons and vertex black; yellowish white setulose. Ocellar triangle not elevated. Occiput black; white setulose. Eye bare. Antennal fossa approximately as high as wide. Antenna: scape brown [other segments are missing in
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<typeStatus id="64C48B75B3539F366D8C709DB67C2989">type</typeStatus>
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specimen].
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="9AFAE97696CC32A6A4C5A9B95EF29183">
|
||
<emphasis id="E04F2DD9CCB3D5D3A1929907AD425B56" bold="true">
|
||
<emphasis id="014D9FF585B12EBE34DD11CD972818DF" bold="true" italics="true">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Mesoscutum shining black, brownish along margins; entirely white setulose. Postpronotum pale brown; bare. Postalar callus pale brown; white setulose. Scutellum shining blackish brown; white setulose. Anepisternum with shallow sulcus separating posterior from anterior part; blackish brown; white setulose, except bare on narrow strip along anterior margin. Anepimeron blackish brown; entirely white setulose. Katepisternum blackish brown; white setulose dorsally; bare ventrally. Katatergite brown; long microtrichose. Anatergite brown; short microtrichose. Calypter and halter brownish yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E54D355F94291F46819684B6E5F79981">
|
||
Wing: hyaline; microtrichose, except bare on cell bc and basal 1 / 3 of cell c, basal 1 / 4 of cell r
|
||
<subScript id="1BDEC3FADE957505F3CD11F53BF9018D">1</subScript>
|
||
, basal 2 / 3 of cell br, basal 1 / 2 of cell bm, basal 1 / 2 of cell cup, and baso-median 1 / 2 of alula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A799559F3ABE91ECBC6F113E4A3D40ED">Legs: Pale yellow, except hind femur dark brown on basal 3 / 4 and hind tibia with brown ring on apical 1 / 3; yellow to white setulose.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8D7878A35E7175FDDE3C1CB5BC86CE88">
|
||
<emphasis id="5F4FC39266BCABB4257661E1205725AB" bold="true">
|
||
<emphasis id="CA9A316FE74C66FBA1227CF88922BDE9" bold="true" italics="true">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
With tergite 2 constricted and tergites 3 and 4 widened; narrowest point at anterior 1 / 4 of tergite 2, widest at posterior margin of tergite 3. Tergites blackish brown, except anterior 1 / 2 of tergite 2 yellow; entirely white setulose, with setulae long and conspicuous on anterior 1 / 4 of tergite 3, anterior 1 / 3 of tergite 4 and on most of tergite 5. Sternites brown, white setulose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4RBG" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="555820399D8EC9983C76EBF50A5A6033">
|
||
<heading id="C005D4D65AAFF41303EDEF2AC175BD45" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A567C719C53AE73FBC4B78C04E71B9B7">
|
||
Only known from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="152404048B083CAC0BDDB0D93A481037" country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2F49D26BC693CDD5EF76721F813B2ACD" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |