523 lines
44 KiB
XML
523 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.868.26766" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43d18445-d3e8-4e30-bdcd-7f82bde7616a" ID-PMC="PMC6687670" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-868-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="679C0640C93B545BAD44B1013B0B12E5" ID-PubMed="31406482" ID-ZooBank="ED7FD98F964D402FAB705FC9B4CA4851" ModsDocID="1313-2970-868-1" checkinTime="1564724838606" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Paez, Nadia B. & Ron, Santiago R." docDate="2019" docId="B59FBA030F035F5B83BC88BD3351F454" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 868: 1-112" docOrigin="ZooKeys 868" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.868.26766" docTitle="Pristimantis multicolor Paez & Ron, 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FFB7FFF73E69FFFBFFD8FF95FFBEB241" masterDocTitle="Systematics of Huicundomantis, a new subgenus of Pristimantis (Anura, Strabomantidae) with extraordinary cryptic diversity and eleven new species" masterLastPageNumber="112" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668167659737" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematics of Huicundomantis, a new subgenus of Pristimantis (Anura, Strabomantidae) with extraordinary cryptic diversity and eleven new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Paez, Nadia B.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>868</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>112</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.868.26766</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.868.26766</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-868-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">ED7FD98F964D402FAB705FC9B4CA4851</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">679C0640C93B545BAD44B1013B0B12E5</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159293054" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B59FBA030F035F5B83BC88BD3351F454" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B59FBA030F035F5B83BC88BD3351F454" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="b59fba03-0f03-5f5b-83bc-88bd3351f454" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis multicolor" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicolor">Pristimantis multicolor</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common name">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common name.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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English: Multicolored Rain Frog. Spanish:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cutín">Cutin</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">multicolor</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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QCAZ 47213, an adult male from Yacuri National Park, Laguna Negra, Loja Province, Ecuador (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7081" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7081">4.7081S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4322" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4322">79.4322W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3400 m), collected by Carlos Antonio
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
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on December 10, 2009.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Holotypes of Pristimantis lutzae sp. nov. and P multicolor sp. nov. Photographs of preserved holotypes of A P. lutzae (QCAZ 37546, female) and B P. multicolor (QCAZ 47213, male). Dorsal view on the left, ventral view on the right. Specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322412" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 20B</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(59: 35 males, 23 females, 1 juvenile).</emphasis>
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All individuals from Yacuri National Park, nearby the type locality. Ecuador: Loja Province: QCAZ 47214, adult female, collected with the holotype; QCAZ 47215, adult male, from Laguna Negra (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7095" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7095">4.7095S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4356" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4356">79.4356W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3348 m), collected by Carlos Antonio
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
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on December 10, 2009; QCAZ 61279, QCAZ 61390-391, QCAZ 61404, adult females, QCAZ 61392, QCAZ 61394, QCAZ 61396, adult males, from Jimbura-San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Andrés">Andres</normalizedToken>
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road (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7325" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7325">4.7325S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4352" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4352">79.4352W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3300 m); QCAZ 61283, QCAZ 61287, adult females, QCAZ 61284, QCAZ 61286, QCAZ 61297, adult males, from Laguna Negra (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7121" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7121">4.7121S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4308" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4308">79.4308W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3186 m); QCAZ 61293, adult male, from Loja-Zamora border (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7436" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7436">4.7436S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4234" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4234">79.4234W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3515 m); QCAZ 61299-300, QCAZ 61302-304, adult females, QCAZ 61301, QCAZ 61306, adult males, from entrance to Lagunas Coloradas, Jimbura-San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Andrés">Andres</normalizedToken>
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road (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7349" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7349">4.7349S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4283" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4283">79.4283W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3390 m); QCAZ 61310, adult female, QCAZ 61314, QCAZ 61316-317, adult males, from Laguna de los Patos (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7204" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7204">4.7204S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4286" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4286">79.4286W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3247 m); QCAZ 61344, QCAZ 61346, QCAZ 61348, adult females, QCAZ 61343, adult male, from Loja-Zamora border (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7433" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7433">4.7433S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4244" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4244">79.4244W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3506 m); QCAZ 61349, QCAZ 61352, QCAZ 61361, adult females, QCAZ 61362, QCAZ 61367-368, adult males, QCAZ 61351, juvenile, from Jimbura-San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Andrés">Andres</normalizedToken>
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road (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7277" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7277">4.7277S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4333" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4333">79.4333W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3411 m); QCAZ 61358, adult male, from surroundings of refuge (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7126" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7126">4.7126S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4399" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4399">79.4399W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3245 m); QCAZ 61359, QCAZ 61363, QCAZ 61369-370, adult males, from Los Picachus (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7121" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7121">4.7121S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4308" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4308">79.4308W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3186 m); QCAZ 61373, adult female, from Laguna Negra (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7154" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7154">4.7154S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4212" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4212">79.4212W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3242 m); QCAZ 61377, QCAZ 61379-380, adult females, from Jimbura-Zumba road (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7252" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7252">4.7252S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4353" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.4353">79.4353W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3333 m); QCAZ 61383-384, adult females, QCAZ 61381, adult male, from Jimbura-San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Andrés">Andres</normalizedToken>
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road (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7309" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7309">4.7309S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.4340" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.434">79.4340W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3332 m), collected by Francy Mora, Keyko Cruz, David
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Velalcázar">Velalcazar</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Andrés">Andres</normalizedToken>
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Calahorrano, Darwin
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
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, Juan
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
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, Javier Pinto and Daniel Rivadeneira between April 21 and May 2, 2015. Zamora Chinchipe Province: QCAZ 61407, QCAZ 61424-425, adult females, QCAZ 61399, QCAZ 61410, QCAZ 61413, QCAZ 61427, QCAZ 61432, QCAZ 61435-436, adult males, from Laguna Colorada (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.7379" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.7379">4.7379S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.3958" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.3958">79.3958W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3318 m), collected by Francy Mora, Keyko Cruz, David
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Velalcázar">Velalcazar</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Andrés">Andres</normalizedToken>
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Calahorrano, Darwin
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
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, Juan
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
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, Javier Pinto and Daniel Rivadeneira between April 21 and May 2, 2015.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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A species of
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristimantis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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having the following combination of characters: (1) skin on dorsum shagreen to warty; dorsolateral folds absent; skin on flanks bearing low warts, bigger than those of dorsum; skin on venter coarsely areolate; discoidal fold absent; (2) tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus prominent, its upper and posterior margin concealed by thick supratympanic fold; (3) snout moderately long, subacuminate in dorsal view, rounded in profile, with or without a papilla at the tip; (4) upper eyelid lacking tubercles; cranial crests absent; (5) dentigerous processes of vomers low to prominent, oblique, narrowly to moderately separated, posteromedial to choanae; (6) vocals slits, vocal sac, and nuptial pads present in adult males; (7) Finger I shorter than Finger II; discs of digits expanded to broadly expanded, elliptical to truncate; (8) fingers with lateral fringes; (9) ulnar tubercles present; (10) heel bearing one rounded tubercle, surrounded or not by several smaller tubercles; inner and outer edge of tarsus bearing small and low tubercles; (11) inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid, elevated six times the size of elliptical, elevated outer metatarsal tubercle; supernumerary tubercles numerous; (12) toes with lateral fringes; basal webbing present; Toe V much longer than Toe III (disc on Toe III reaches or exceeds distal edge of penultimate subarticular tubercle on Toe IV, disc on Toe V reaches or exceeds distal edge of distal subarticular tubercle on Toe IV); toe discs smaller than those on fingers, elliptical (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Palmar and plantar surfaces of Pristimantis lutzae sp. nov., Pristimantis multicolor sp. nov., Pristimantis nangaritza sp. nov., and Pristimantis phoxocephalus. Photographs of hand and foot of the holotypes (except for P. phoxocephalus) of the following species: A Pristimantis lutzae sp. nov.: QCAZ 37546, female B Pristimantis multicolor sp. nov.: QCAZ 47213, male C Pristimantis nangaritza sp. nov.: QCAZ 41710, female D Pristimantis phoxocephalus: QCAZ 58463, female from the type locality. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
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); (13) in life, dorsal surfaces vary from yellow to dark brown with or without olive or orange tones; black or brown canthal and supratympanic stripe usually present; groins and posterior surfaces of thighs cream, orange, brown, or black with or without cream to yellow spots; venter varies from cream to dark brown with a few to many small beige to yellow spots; iris copper to creamy yellow with or without a dark brown to red medial horizontal streak, with black reticulations (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Color variation in live individuals of Pristimantis multicolor sp. nov. A QCAZ 61283 (female, SVL 32 mm) B QCAZ 61304 (female, SVL 34.6 mm) C QCAZ 61373 (male, SVL 21.8 mm) D QCAZ 61381 (male, SVL 29.2 mm) E QCAZ 61418 (male, SVL 24.5 mm). Dorsolateral view on the left, ventral view on the right." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
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); (14) average SVL in adult females: 35.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3.5 mm (29.4-40.5 mm;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">n</emphasis>
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= 27); in adult males: 26.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3.5 mm (19.7-29.7 mm;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">n</emphasis>
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= 32).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 24" startId="F24">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 24. Color variation in live individuals of
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis multicolor" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicolor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristimantis multicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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QCAZ 61283 (female, SVL 32 mm)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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QCAZ 61304 (female, SVL 34.6 mm)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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QCAZ 61373 (male, SVL 21.8 mm)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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QCAZ 61381 (male, SVL 29.2 mm)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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QCAZ 61418 (male, SVL 24.5 mm). Dorsolateral view on the left, ventral view on the right.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparison with other species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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It is most similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. balionotus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="balionotus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. balionotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. chomskyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chomskyi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. chomskyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. gloria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gloria">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. gloria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lutzae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lutzae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lutzae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. percultus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="percultus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. percultus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis multicolor" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicolor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristimantis multicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is different from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. balionotus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="balionotus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. balionotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having basal webbing between toes (absent in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. balionotus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="balionotus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. balionotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), larger discs on fingers and toes, and larger tubercles and warts on flanks. Morphometrically,
|
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. chomskyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chomskyi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. chomskyi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has a smaller tympanum (males
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z</emphasis>
|
|
= 2.38157,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
|
= 0.0172, TD/SVL = 4.5-4.7% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. chomskyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chomskyi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. chomskyi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 4.9-6.0% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis multicolor" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristimantis multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. gloria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gloria">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. gloria</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by its larger size (males
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z</emphasis>
|
|
= 3.07054,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
|
= 0.0021, SVL 16.7-24.7 mm in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. gloria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gloria">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. gloria</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 19.7-29.7 mm in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; females
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z</emphasis>
|
|
= 2.85671,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
|
= 0.0043, SVL 26.7-35.8 mm in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. gloria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gloria">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. gloria</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 29.3-40.5 mm in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), by lacking a middorsal longitudinal fold (present in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. gloria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gloria">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. gloria</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and having thinner black reticulations on the iris; additionally,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has a proportionally wider head (males
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z</emphasis>
|
|
= 2.23159,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
|
= 0.0256, HW/SVL = 36.1-40.7% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. gloria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gloria">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. gloria</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 36.3-40.9% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; females
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z</emphasis>
|
|
= 4.13252,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
|
<0.0001, HW/SVL = 36.1-39% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. gloria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gloria">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. gloria</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 39.6-42.2% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
). Compared to
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lutzae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lutzae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lutzae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis multicolor" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristimantis multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. has a longer head (males
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z</emphasis>
|
|
= 3.67756,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
|
= 0.0002, HL/SVL = 33.4-37% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lutzae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lutzae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lutzae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 34.1-40.4% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; females
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z</emphasis>
|
|
3.9524,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
|
<0.0001, HL/SVL = 35-37.5% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lutzae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lutzae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lutzae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 36.5-40.6% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), larger tympanum (males
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z</emphasis>
|
|
= 3.57469,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
|
= 0.0004, TD/SVL = 5-5.4% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lutzae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lutzae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lutzae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 4.9-6% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; females
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z</emphasis>
|
|
= 3.9524,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
|
<0.0001, TD/SVL = 4.9-5.6% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lutzae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lutzae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lutzae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 5.5-6.7% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and larger eyes (males
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z</emphasis>
|
|
= 2.75174,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
|
= 0.0059, ED/SVL = 10.3-12.1% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lutzae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lutzae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lutzae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 10.3-13.2% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; females
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z</emphasis>
|
|
= 3.3083,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
|
= 0.0009, ED/SVL = 9.9-12.1% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lutzae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lutzae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lutzae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 10.7-12.4% in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), relative to body size.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis percultus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="percultus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristimantis percultus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is easily distinguished from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by having low cranial crests (absent in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and a red stripe on the upper lip.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description of the holotype.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">An adult male (QCAZ 47213, SC29908). Measurements (in mm): SVL 29.3; TL 14.8; FL 14.5; HL 11.0; HW 11.5; ED 3.5; TD 1.8; IOD 3.7; EW 2.8; IND 2.5; EN 3.1; TED 1.9. Head wider than long, wider than body; snout moderately long, subacuminate in dorsal view, rounded in profile; cranial crests absent; nostrils slightly protuberant, directed anterolaterally; canthus rostralis concave in dorsal view, prominent and rounded in cross section; loreal region concave; upper eyelid with indistinct tubercles; tympanic membrane distinct; tympanic annulus prominent, upper and posterior edge concealed by thick, heavy supratympanic fold; three large rounded postrictal tubercles. Choanae median ovoid, not concealed by palatal shelf of maxillae; dentigerous processes of vomers prominent, oblique, moderately separated, positioned posteromedial to choanae; each vomer bearing several teeth; tongue slightly longer than wide, posterior border notched, posterior three fifths not adherent to floor of mouth; vocal slits slightly curved, located at posterior half of mouth floor in between tongue and margin of jaw; vocal sac present.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Dorsal surfaces of body shagreen with scattered low warts; dorsolateral folds absent; skin on flanks bearing rounded warts, larger than those on dorsum; skin on venter coarsely areolate, ventral surfaces of limbs smooth, ventral surfaces of thighs coarsely areolate; discoidal fold absent. Low, round ulnar tubercles, antebrachial tubercle prominent; white nuptial pads present; outer palmar tubercle bifid, almost twice the size of ovoid thenar tubercle; subarticular tubercles prominent, rounded; ill-defined supernumerary tubercles; fingers bearing lateral fringes; Finger I shorter than Finger II; discs on fingers broadly expanded, truncate; pads on fingers surrounded by circumferential grooves on all fingers (
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Palmar and plantar surfaces of Pristimantis lutzae sp. nov., Pristimantis multicolor sp. nov., Pristimantis nangaritza sp. nov., and Pristimantis phoxocephalus. Photographs of hand and foot of the holotypes (except for P. phoxocephalus) of the following species: A Pristimantis lutzae sp. nov.: QCAZ 37546, female B Pristimantis multicolor sp. nov.: QCAZ 47213, male C Pristimantis nangaritza sp. nov.: QCAZ 41710, female D Pristimantis phoxocephalus: QCAZ 58463, female from the type locality. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Hindlimbs slender; dorsal surfaces of hindlimbs shagreen; posterior surfaces of thighs smooth, ventral surfaces of thighs coarsely areolate; heel bearing a medium sized, low, rounded tubercle surrounded by several smaller tubercles; outer and inner edge of tarsus bearing low rounded tubercles; inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid, elevated, six times the size of elliptical, elevated outer metatarsal tubercle; plantar surface bearing numerous ill-defined supernumerary tubercles; subarticular tubercles prominent, subacuminate; toes bearing lateral fringes; basal webbing between toes IV and V present; discs on toes smaller than those on fingers, expanded and elliptical; all toes having pads surrounded by circumferential grooves; relative lengths of toes: I <II <III <V <IV; Toe V much longer than Toe III (disc on Toe III reaches distal edge of penultimate subarticular tubercle on Toe IV, disc on Toe V reaches the distal edge of distal subarticular tubercle on Toe IV;
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Palmar and plantar surfaces of Pristimantis lutzae sp. nov., Pristimantis multicolor sp. nov., Pristimantis nangaritza sp. nov., and Pristimantis phoxocephalus. Photographs of hand and foot of the holotypes (except for P. phoxocephalus) of the following species: A Pristimantis lutzae sp. nov.: QCAZ 37546, female B Pristimantis multicolor sp. nov.: QCAZ 47213, male C Pristimantis nangaritza sp. nov.: QCAZ 41710, female D Pristimantis phoxocephalus: QCAZ 58463, female from the type locality. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Coloration of the holotype in preservative is shown in
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Holotypes of Pristimantis lutzae sp. nov. and P multicolor sp. nov. Photographs of preserved holotypes of A P. lutzae (QCAZ 37546, female) and B P. multicolor (QCAZ 47213, male). Dorsal view on the left, ventral view on the right. Specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322412" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 20B</figureCitation>
|
|
; coloration in life, unknown.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coloration of holotype in preservative</emphasis>
|
|
. Dorsum dark brown covered with minute light brown irregular spots; dorsal surfaces of forelimbs light brown with scattered minute dark brown flecking; dorsal surfaces of hindlimbs dark brown with light brown spots becoming larger and more abundant posteriorly; groins and concealed surfaces of thighs, shanks and tarsus brown; ventral surfaces of body dusty brown; chest with cream irregular blotches; vocal sac and ventral surfaces of thighs cream; ventral surfaces of fingers and toes pale cream (
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Holotypes of Pristimantis lutzae sp. nov. and P multicolor sp. nov. Photographs of preserved holotypes of A P. lutzae (QCAZ 37546, female) and B P. multicolor (QCAZ 47213, male). Dorsal view on the left, ventral view on the right. Specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322412" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 20B</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coloration of holotype in life</emphasis>
|
|
. Unknown.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Based on 60 preserved specimens and photographs from 57 individuals. Variation of live and preserved individuals is shown in
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Color variation in live individuals of Pristimantis multicolor sp. nov. A QCAZ 61283 (female, SVL 32 mm) B QCAZ 61304 (female, SVL 34.6 mm) C QCAZ 61373 (male, SVL 21.8 mm) D QCAZ 61381 (male, SVL 29.2 mm) E QCAZ 61418 (male, SVL 24.5 mm). Dorsolateral view on the left, ventral view on the right." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 24</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Color variation in preserved individuals of Pristimantis multicolor sp. nov. A Dorsal view of (from left to right): QCAZ 61304 (female), QCAZ 61361 (female), QCAZ 61383 (female) B Dorsal view of: QCAZ 61394 (male), QCAZ 47214 (female), QCAZ 61310 (female), QCAZ 61283 (female) C Dorsal view of: QCAZ 61413 (male), QCAZ 61297 (male), QCAZ 61369 (male), QCAZ 61381 (male), QCAZ 61373 (male) D Ventral view of specimens in (A) E Ventral view of specimens in (B) F Ventral view of specimens in (C). See Suppl. material 2 for locality data. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322417" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</figureCitation>
|
|
. Texture of skin varies among individuals. Dorsum varies from shagreen to warty, with very low warts (not tuberculate); flanks vary from tuberculate to warty, warts on flanks are larger than those of dorsum; tubercles on ulna, shanks, and tarsus can be distinct or inconspicuous. Coloration in life is highly variable (
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Color variation in live individuals of Pristimantis multicolor sp. nov. A QCAZ 61283 (female, SVL 32 mm) B QCAZ 61304 (female, SVL 34.6 mm) C QCAZ 61373 (male, SVL 21.8 mm) D QCAZ 61381 (male, SVL 29.2 mm) E QCAZ 61418 (male, SVL 24.5 mm). Dorsolateral view on the left, ventral view on the right." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
|
). Dorsal surfaces can be yellow, cream, orange, or pale to dark brown with or without olive or orange tones. They can have few to abundant black spots on dorsum, flanks, and dorsal surfaces of limbs. Dorsum occasionally bears pale scapular or sacral blotches, a middorsal stripe, or white spots. Head usually bears black or brown canthal and supratympanic stripes, sometimes an interorbital bar. Groins and posterior surfaces of thighs are cream, orange, reddish brown, orangey brown, brown, dark brown, or black with or without cream to yellow spots. The background color of the venter varies from cream to dark brown with different levels of transparency; small beige to yellow blotches can be present on the belly, chest, and throat, but in some individuals are restricted to the chest. Iris is copper, golden, creamy yellow or creamy brown with or without a dark brown to red medial horizontal streak; black reticulations are present; sclera can be light brown, cream, white, or light blue.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322417" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Figure 25. Color variation in preserved individuals of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis multicolor" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristimantis multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
Dorsal view of (from left to right): QCAZ 61304 (female), QCAZ 61361 (female), QCAZ 61383 (female)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
Dorsal view of: QCAZ 61394 (male), QCAZ 47214 (female), QCAZ 61310 (female), QCAZ 61283 (female)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
Dorsal view of: QCAZ 61413 (male), QCAZ 61297 (male), QCAZ 61369 (male), QCAZ 61381 (male), QCAZ 61373 (male)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
Ventral view of specimens in (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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Ventral view of specimens in (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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)
|
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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|
Ventral view of specimens in (
|
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
). See Suppl. material 2 for locality data. All specimens are shown at the same scale.
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</paragraph>
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|
</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution, natural history, and conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis multicolor" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicolor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristimantis multicolor</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is known from Parque Nacional Yacuri, near the border with Peru, at Loja and Zamora Chinchipe Provinces (
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of Pristimantis, subgenus Huicundomantis. Records are based on specimens deposited at the Museum of Zoology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador (QCAZ). Locality information is shown in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322393" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|
). It inhabits Paramo and Eastern Montane Forest between 3186 and 3515 m. During the late afternoon and night, individuals were commonly found beneath or over moss, mat-forming plants, tussock grasses and rocks, perched on branches and leaves of shrubs up to 1.75 m above ground, or inside bromeliads, terrestrial or epiphytes, up to 1 m above the ground. During the day they were found inside bromeliads. Calling males and gravid females were found in December, April, and May; males were calling on low branches of shrubs.
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</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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|
According to available data,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. multicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="multicolor">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. multicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has a very restricted distribution (Extent of Occurrence = 10 km2) but is locally abundant. However, we propose assigning it to the Data Deficient Red List Category (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Hutter, CR" journalOrPublisher="Neotropical Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B28" refString="2017. . http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2017">IUCN 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) because extensive areas in Yacuri National Park remain unexplored and represent potential distribution for this species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
The specific epithet comes from the Latin words
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">multus</emphasis>
|
|
meaning many, and
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">color</emphasis>
|
|
meaning color. It refers to the wide range of color variation in this species (
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Color variation in live individuals of Pristimantis multicolor sp. nov. A QCAZ 61283 (female, SVL 32 mm) B QCAZ 61304 (female, SVL 34.6 mm) C QCAZ 61373 (male, SVL 21.8 mm) D QCAZ 61381 (male, SVL 29.2 mm) E QCAZ 61418 (male, SVL 24.5 mm). Dorsolateral view on the left, ventral view on the right." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
This species was collected for the first time in 2015 by personnel from the QCAZ museum during expeditions to Yacuri National Park. It was identified as
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis riveti" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="riveti">Pristimantis aff. riveti</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Here, we recognize it as a different species and assign it to the
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. phoxocephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="phoxocephalus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. phoxocephalus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species group.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |