319 lines
39 KiB
XML
319 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="3BD6CFFF4CF2B0B8D7F39A916B1B9526" ID-DOI="10.37520/aemnp.2024.004" ID-ISSN="1804-6487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11449763" ID-ZooBank="E328DCDF-C5AB-4FAC-846D-D4DC552D5835" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1717425280071" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Nieser, Nico, Chen, Ping-ping & Caspers, Max" docDate="2024" docId="9F1D0E45FFC79709FEED5012FD26B03B" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPra.64.1.33-46.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 64 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2024.004" docStyle="DocumentStyle:BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85.8:ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Nerthra occidua Todd 1959" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="6324763DFFCE9703FFC15473FF82B745" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on toad bug genus Nerthra (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gelastocoridae) with description of a new species from Bonaire and Curaçao" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1717425951561" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="806951500B001053167488C6444BCF6D">Taxonomic notes on toad bug genus Nerthra (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gelastocoridae) with description of a new species from Bonaire and Curaçao</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EDFD09885C8E12C0E3F9CBB5D49EF6A7">Nieser, Nico</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B580CE182EB750C3416B9DA1510526D8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9DAA4CA8EA0EC62A1A423E696640DC89">Chen, Ping-ping</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9CA9536E22BE723F9C34C815A57201A8">Caspers, Max</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BCB0D2EF479E1C2E430F9BCC3D4653F5">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="CE57304510245F3C1FC660AE004450AC">
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<mods:date id="9502038299B43E863580670BC35CCF31">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6C97F8F1ED23DED957B259067AF7980E">2024-05-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="954754737481932AF61C26CDD8B42D5C">64</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="DE236A81D6FC3C738E336381E012B078">33</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="5885D62DA38FAC79DA63A919DB3B7B4F">http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2024.004</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="F9688DA10ACD9484AEDA122F8C013950" type="DOI">10.37520/aemnp.2024.004</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9F1D0E45FFC79709FEED5012FD26B03B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11449880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11449880" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F1D0E45FFC79709FEED5012FD26B03B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F1D0E45FFC79709FEED5012FD26B03B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<subSubSection id="5FAEECD8FFC7970AFEED5012FDE1B33C" box="[300,611,1121,1145]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="170BBF53FFC7970AFEED5012FDE1B33C" blockId="9.[300,611,1121,1145]" box="[300,611,1121,1145]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<heading id="4C43083FFFC7970AFEED5012FDE1B33C" box="[300,611,1121,1145]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFEED5012FDE1B33C" ID-CoL="476GS" authority="Todd, 1959" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[300,611,1121,1145]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidua">
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<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFEED5012FDE1B33C" bold="true" box="[300,611,1121,1145]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFEED5012FE62B33C" bold="true" box="[300,480,1121,1145]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Nerthra occidua</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="7325C2A2FFC7970AFE275011FDE1B33C" author="TODD E. L." box="[486,611,1122,1145]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref10352" refString="TODD E. L. 1959: The Gelastocoridae of Melanesia (Hemiptera). Nova Guinea (N. S.) 10: 61 - 94." type="journal article" year="1959">Todd, 1959</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="5FAEECD8FFC7970AFEB050F3FD9CB3D6" box="[369,542,1152,1171]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="description">
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<paragraph id="170BBF53FFC7970AFEB050F3FD9CB3D6" blockId="9.[151,687,1152,1232]" box="[369,542,1152,1171]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="8F8FA3D6FFC7970AFEB650F3FE3BB3D6" box="[375,441,1152,1171]" captionStart="Figs 15–18" captionStartId="5.[151,188,2034,2053]" captionTargetBox="[316,1272,1270,1997]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[293,1295,1249,2002]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 15–18. Nerthra spp., apex of paramere, ventral view: 15 – N. americana (Montandon, 1905); 16 – N. buenoi Todd, 1955; 17 – N. occidua Todd, 1959; 18 – N. raptoria (Fabricius, 1803)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11449780" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11449780/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Figs 17</figureCitation>
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||
,
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<figureCitation id="8F8FA3D6FFC7970AFE0350F3FE7BB3D6" box="[450,505,1152,1171]" captionStart-0="Figs 31–34" captionStart-1="Figs 35–37" captionStartId-0="10.[151,188,1564,1583]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,188,964,983]" captionTargetBox-0="[173,1427,193,1542]" captionTargetBox-1="[231,1356,207,946]" captionTargetId-0="figure-13@10.[151,1436,183,1552]" captionTargetId-1="figure-352@11.[198,1357,189,947]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="Figs 31–34. Nerthra occidua Todd, 1959. 31–33 – male, habitus (31 – dorsal view, cleaned; 32 – ventral view, cleaned; 33 – dorsal view, before cleaning). 34 – female, habitus (ventral view, cleaned)." captionText-1="Figs 35–37. Nerthra occidua Todd, 1959. 35–36 – female, habitus dorsal view (35 – before cleaning, 36 – cleaned). 37 – apex of paramere (ventral view)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11449799" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11449803" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11449799/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11449803/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">31–37</figureCitation>
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||
,
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||
<figureCitation id="8F8FA3D6FFC7970AFDC350F3FD9AB3D6" box="[514,536,1152,1171]" captionStart="Figs 38–39" captionStartId="12.[151,189,2029,2048]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,197,2004]" captionTargetId="figure-13@12.[151,1437,189,2010]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figs 38–39. Distribution of treated Nerthra species: 38 – N. americana (Montandon, 1905), N. buenoi Todd, 1955 and N. papaceki sp. nov.; 39 – N. occidua Todd, 1959." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11449805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11449805/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">39</figureCitation>
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||
)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="5FAEECD8FFC7970AFF5650D1FD2DB395" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="170BBF53FFC7970AFF5650D1FDE9B3F0" blockId="9.[151,687,1152,1232]" box="[151,619,1186,1205]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="37A4987DFFC7970AFF5650D1FDE9B3F0" box="[151,619,1186,1205]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<treatmentCitation id="96159942FFC7970AFF5650D1FE28B3F0" author="TODD E. L." box="[151,426,1186,1205]" page="71" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" year="1959">
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||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFF5650D1FE28B3F0" ID-CoL="476GS" authority="Todd, 1959: 71" authorityName="Todd" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1959" box="[151,426,1186,1205]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFF5650D1FEA6B3F0" box="[151,292,1186,1205]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Nerthra occidua</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7325C2A2FFC7970AFEE850D1FE28B3F0" author="TODD E. L." box="[297,426,1186,1205]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref10352" refString="TODD E. L. 1959: The Gelastocoridae of Melanesia (Hemiptera). Nova Guinea (N. S.) 10: 61 - 94." type="journal article" year="1959">Todd, 1959: 71</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(original description).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="170BBF53FFC7970AFF5650CEFD2DB395" blockId="9.[151,687,1152,1232]" box="[151,687,1213,1232]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="37A4987DFFC7970AFF5650CEFD2DB395" box="[151,687,1213,1232]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<treatmentCitation id="96159942FFC7970AFF5650CEFE19B395" author="TODD E. L." box="[151,411,1213,1232]" page="72" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" year="1959">
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||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFF5650CEFE19B395" ID-CoL="476G9" authority="Todd, 1959: 72" authorityName="Todd" authorityPageNumber="72" authorityYear="1959" box="[151,411,1213,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">
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||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFF5650CEFE96B395" box="[151,276,1213,1232]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Nerthra lurida</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7325C2A2FFC7970AFEDB50CEFE19B395" author="TODD E. L." box="[282,411,1213,1232]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref10352" refString="TODD E. L. 1959: The Gelastocoridae of Melanesia (Hemiptera). Nova Guinea (N. S.) 10: 61 - 94." type="journal article" year="1959">Todd, 1959: 72</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(original description),
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFDA150CEFD2DB395" bold="true" box="[608,687,1213,1232]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="5FAEECD8FFC7970AFF565094FDB8B1F1" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="170BBF53FFC7970AFF565094FEBCB26A" blockId="9.[151,761,1251,1327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFF565094FEF6B3BF" bold="true" box="[151,372,1255,1274]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Type material examined.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFEB95094FE71B3BF" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[376,499,1255,1274]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">
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||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFEB95094FE71B3BF" box="[376,499,1255,1274]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Nerthra lurida</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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||
<materialsCitation id="A7DCB50EFFC7970AFE3D5094FEBCB26A" collectingDate="1937-07" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="Drescher" country="Indonesia" elevation="900" location="Nanggala" municipality="Rantepao" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan" typeStatus="holotype">
|
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<typeStatus id="C80F01F1FFC7970AFE3D5094FDD4B3BF" box="[508,598,1255,1274]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCount id="01B274DAFFC7970AFD9E5090FDEDB3BF" box="[607,623,1251,1274]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
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,
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFDB95094FEB9B251" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6FA3FFC3FFC7970AFDB95094FD76B3BF" box="[632,756,1255,1274]" name="Indonesia" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
|
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:
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<collectingRegion id="D57071B1FFC7970AFF565172FEB9B251" box="[151,315,1281,1300]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">SULAWESI SELATAN</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="8F8FA3D6FFC7970AFE845172FE07B251" box="[325,389,1281,1300]" captionStart="Figs 38–39" captionStartId="12.[151,189,2029,2048]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,197,2004]" captionTargetId="figure-13@12.[151,1437,189,2010]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figs 38–39. Distribution of treated Nerthra species: 38 – N. americana (Montandon, 1905), N. buenoi Todd, 1955 and N. papaceki sp. nov.; 39 – N. occidua Todd, 1959." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11449805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11449805/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="F76F2529FFC7970AFE525172FE64B251" box="[403,486,1281,1300]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Rantepao</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="126BE988FFC7970AFE2C5172FDC3B251" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F1D0E45FFC79709FEED5012FD26B03B:126BE988FFC7970AFE2C5172FDC3B251" box="[493,577,1281,1300]" country="Indonesia" municipality="Rantepao" name="Nanggala" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan">Nanggala</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D04C12B6FFC7970AFD885172FD02B251" box="[585,640,1281,1300]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="900.0">
|
||
<elevation id="9C995860FFC7970AFD885172FD02B251" box="[585,640,1281,1300]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="630A9993FFC7970AFD495172FD52B251" box="[648,720,1281,1300]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" value="1937-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="734E607BFFC7970AFD495172FD52B251" box="[648,720,1281,1300]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" value="1937-07">vii.1937</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="BA41DA85FFC7970AFF56516FFF66B26A" box="[151,228,1308,1327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Drescher</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="71A52796FFC7970AFF2E516FFEB6B26A" box="[239,308,1308,1327]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="170BBF53FFC7970AFF565135FDB8B1F1" blockId="9.[150,761,1350,1716]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFF565135FD7AB21C" bold="true" box="[151,760,1350,1369]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Additional material examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6FA3FFC3FFC7970AFE7E5135FDBFB21C" box="[447,573,1350,1369]" name="Indonesia" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D57071B1FFC7970AFD885135FD72B21C" box="[585,752,1350,1369]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tengah" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">SULAWESI TENGAH</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Lore Lindu NP, Sopu River Pools,
|
||
<quantity id="D04C12B6FFC7970AFE775112FE69B231" box="[438,491,1377,1396]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="930.0">930 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="630A9993FFC7970AFDDE5112FDF5B231" box="[543,631,1377,1396]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" value="1985-12-06">6.xii.1985</date>
|
||
, leg. J. Krikken & J. van Tol,
|
||
<specimenCount id="01B274DAFFC7970AFECD5108FEAEB2CA" box="[268,300,1400,1423]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, det. P. Lindskog (identified by comparing with
|
||
<typeStatus id="C80F01F1FFC7970AFD0D5108FD70B2CB" box="[716,754,1403,1422]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="71A52796FFC7970AFF5C51E5FF60B2EC" box="[157,226,1430,1449]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
); Lore Lindu NP, Sopu River Pools,
|
||
<quantity id="D04C12B6FFC7970AFDD151E5FDC7B2EC" box="[528,581,1430,1449]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="930.0">930 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="630A9993FFC7970AFDB851E5FD53B2EC" box="[633,721,1430,1449]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" value="1985-12-06">6.xii.1985</date>
|
||
, leg. J. Krikken & J. van Tol,
|
||
<specimenCount id="01B274DAFFC7970AFEAD51C2FE1EB281" box="[364,412,1453,1476]" count="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="71A52796FFC7970AFE6951C2FE6FB281" box="[424,493,1457,1476]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
); Lore Lidu N.P., Dongi Dongi shelter,
|
||
<quantity id="D04C12B6FFC7970AFF1851B8FE8CB29B" box="[217,270,1483,1502]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="940.0">940 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="630A9993FFC7970AFE8351B8FE37B29B" box="[322,437,1483,1502]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" value="1985-12-04" valueMax="1985-12-08" valueMin="1985-12-04">4.‒8.xii.1985</date>
|
||
, multistratified evergreen forest, 2 fish traps, leg. J. Krikken,
|
||
<specimenCount id="01B274DAFFC7970AFE965195FE0AB2BC" box="[343,392,1506,1529]" count="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="71A52796FFC7970AFE525195FE50B2BC" box="[403,466,1510,1529]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">NCTN</collectionCode>
|
||
); same, garage,
|
||
<quantity id="D04C12B6FFC7970AFD9C5195FD16B2BC" box="[605,660,1510,1529]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="950.0">950 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="630A9993FFC7970AFD0C5195FF62B151" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" value="1985-12-04" valueMax="1985-12-09" valueMin="1985-12-04">4.‒9. xii.1985</date>
|
||
, multistratified evergreen forest, 4 dung traps, leg. J. Krikken, 4 33
|
||
<specimenCount id="01B274DAFFC7970AFF0F5268FF7CB16A" box="[206,254,1560,1583]" count="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="female">7 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1 L (instar 5) (2 33
|
||
<specimenCount id="01B274DAFFC7970AFE005268FE70B16A" box="[449,498,1560,1583]" count="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode id="71A52796FFC7970AFE365268FDB1B16B" box="[503,563,1563,1582]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">NCTN</collectionCode>
|
||
, 2 33
|
||
<specimenCount id="01B274DAFFC7970AFDB55268FD27B16A" box="[628,677,1560,1583]" count="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="female">5 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode id="71A52796FFC7970AFD6A5268FD6DB16B" box="[683,751,1563,1582]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
); Lore Lindu NP Dongi Dongi shelter,
|
||
<quantity id="D04C12B6FFC7970AFE195245FD8DB10C" box="[472,527,1590,1609]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="940.0">940 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="630A9993FFC7970AFD865245FD38B10C" box="[583,698,1590,1609]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" value="1985-12-04" valueMax="1985-12-08" valueMin="1985-12-04">4.‒8.xii.1985</date>
|
||
, multistratified evergreen forest, 2 human excr[ement] traps, leg. J. Krikken, 1 3
|
||
<specimenCount id="01B274DAFFC7970AFF6C5218FF4FB13A" box="[173,205,1640,1663]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 3 L (instar 4) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="71A52796FFC7970AFE955218FE1BB13B" box="[340,409,1643,1662]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
); Lore Lindu NP, Danau Tambing forest,
|
||
<quantity id="D04C12B6FFC7970AFF5652F5FF5BB1DC" box="[151,217,1670,1689]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="630A9993FFC7970AFED352F5FE0DB1DC" box="[274,399,1670,1689]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" value="1985-12-05" valueMax="1985-12-09" valueMin="1985-12-05">5.‒09.xii.1985</date>
|
||
, multistratified evergreen forest, 4 human excr[ement] traps, leg. J. Krikken,
|
||
<specimenCount id="01B274DAFFC7970AFE0152D2FE62B1F1" box="[448,480,1693,1716]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="71A52796FFC7970AFE2A52D2FDB2B1F1" box="[491,560,1697,1716]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5FAEECD8FFC79709FF5652BFFD26B03B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="170BBF53FFC7970AFF5652BFFA98B459" blockId="9.[151,760,1740,2083]" lastBlockId="9.[828,1437,677,1436]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFF5652BFFE8DB1A6" bold="true" box="[151,271,1740,1763]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="8F8FA3D6FFC7970AFEDC52BFFEEFB1A6" box="[285,365,1740,1763]" captionStart="Figs 38–39" captionStartId="12.[151,189,2029,2048]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,197,2004]" captionTargetId="figure-13@12.[151,1437,189,2010]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figs 38–39. Distribution of treated Nerthra species: 38 – N. americana (Montandon, 1905), N. buenoi Todd, 1955 and N. papaceki sp. nov.; 39 – N. occidua Todd, 1959." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11449805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11449805/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7325C2A2FFC7970AFEBE52BFFD88B1A6" author="TODD E. L." box="[383,522,1740,1763]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref10352" refString="TODD E. L. 1959: The Gelastocoridae of Melanesia (Hemiptera). Nova Guinea (N. S.) 10: 61 - 94." type="journal article" year="1959">TODD (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described two species in the same paper, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFE71529FFDA1B046" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[432,547,1772,1795]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFE71529FFDA1B046" box="[432,547,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">N. occidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="C80F01F1FFC7970AFDF1529FFD0DB046" box="[560,655,1772,1795]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male, deposited in Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFD59537FFD75B066" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[664,759,1804,1827]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFD59537FFD75B066" box="[664,759,1804,1827]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">N. lurida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="C80F01F1FFC7970AFF5F535FFF7FB006" box="[158,253,1836,1859]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female, deposited in RMNH), and mentioned a number of small differences between them. Both the species were collected from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D57071B1FFC7970AFE69531FFD8AB0C6" box="[424,520,1900,1923]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
but each of them was based on an unique specimen of different sex, therefore comparison of male genitalia was not possible.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFD6253DFFF69B0A6" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFD6253DFFF69B0A6" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Nerthra occidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFE2C53BFFDCEB0A6" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[493,588,1996,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFE2C53BFFDCEB0A6" box="[493,588,1996,2019]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">N. lurida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a wider head (equal to combined length of pronotum and scutellum), the front of the head rounded, scutellum moderate with median and basal portions depressed, and the pronotum and abdomen wider. According to the drawing given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7325C2A2FFC7970AFCFD5696FC6BB5B9" author="TODD E. L." box="[828,1001,741,764]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref10352" refString="TODD E. L. 1959: The Gelastocoridae of Melanesia (Hemiptera). Nova Guinea (N. S.) 10: 61 - 94." type="journal article" year="1959">TODD (1959: 63</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 14–15), little difference can be seen except that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFC765776FB95B459" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[951,1047,773,796]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFC765776FB95B459" box="[951,1047,773,796]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">N. lurida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very slightly broader.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="170BBF53FFC79709FC9B5756FD26B03B" blockId="9.[828,1437,677,1436]" lastBlockId="10.[151,760,1671,1918]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
|
||
After the work of Todd, additional gelastocorids were collected in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D57071B1FFC7970AFC7E5736FB9DB419" box="[959,1055,837,860]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
by Dr. J. Krikken and other colleagues of RMNH during the Project Wallace in 1985. It is interesting to note that the specimens were collected in pitfalls baited with excrement or rotting fish as collateral catch of research on dung beetles. There are other records of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFC095796FB9EB4B9" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1832" box="[968,1052,997,1020]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFC095796FB9EB4B9" box="[968,1052,997,1020]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Nerthra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found in cow dung: the Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFCFD5076FB9CB359" authority="Todd, 1955" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1955" box="[828,1054,1029,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manni">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFCFD5076FC1CB359" box="[828,926,1029,1052]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">N. manni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7325C2A2FFC7970AFC645076FB9CB359" author="TODD E. L." box="[933,1054,1029,1052]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" pagination="277 - 475" refId="ref10253" refString="TODD E. L. 1955: A taxonomic revision of the family Gelastocoridae (Hemiptera). University of Kansas Science Bulletin 37: 277 - 475." type="journal article" year="1955">Todd, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7325C2A2FFC7970AFBEC5076FAE5B359" author="LAUCK D. R. & WHEATCROFT D. G." box="[1069,1383,1029,1052]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" pagination="20" refId="ref9334" refString="LAUCK D. R. & WHEATCROFT D. G. 1958: Notes on a new habitat for Nerthra. Entomological News 69: 20." type="journal article" year="1958">LAUCK & WHEATCROFT 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFCFD5056FC39B379" box="[828,955,1061,1084]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFCFD5056FC35B379" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[828,951,1061,1084]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raptoria">N. raptoria</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
specimens in RMNH (see above). This does not necessarily imply that these species eat dung, but more likely the bugs are able to find prey near this kind of smell. We have compared the later samples with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C80F01F1FFC7970AFAE350F6FAFDB3D9" box="[1314,1407,1157,1180]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFCFD50D6FC19B3F9" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[828,923,1189,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFCFD50D6FC19B3F9" box="[828,923,1189,1212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">N. lurida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Running the key of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7325C2A2FFC7970AFBB950D6FAAFB3F9" author="TODD E. L." box="[1144,1325,1189,1212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref10352" refString="TODD E. L. 1959: The Gelastocoridae of Melanesia (Hemiptera). Nova Guinea (N. S.) 10: 61 - 94." type="journal article" year="1959">TODD (1959: 62)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the males of this series from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D57071B1FFC7970AFC3C50B6FBDFB399" box="[1021,1117,1221,1244]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="8F8FA3D6FFC7970AFBAB50B6FB61B399" box="[1130,1251,1221,1244]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Figs 31–34" captionStartId-0="9.[828,859,2028,2047]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,188,1564,1583]" captionTargetBox-0="[851,1405,1503,2004]" captionTargetBox-1="[173,1427,193,1542]" captionTargetId-0="figure-838@9.[823,1441,1489,2015]" captionTargetId-1="figure-13@10.[151,1436,183,1552]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="Fig. 30. Nerthra papaceki sp. nov., paramere and pygophore (a – ventral view, b – dorsal view)." captionText-1="Figs 31–34. Nerthra occidua Todd, 1959. 31–33 – male, habitus (31 – dorsal view, cleaned; 32 – ventral view, cleaned; 33 – dorsal view, before cleaning). 34 – female, habitus (ventral view, cleaned)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11449797" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11449799" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11449797/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11449799/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Figs 30–32</figureCitation>
|
||
) can be identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFC985096FC4FB3B9" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[857,973,1253,1276]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFC985096FC4FB3B9" box="[857,973,1253,1276]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">N. occidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the shape of paramere (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7325C2A2FFC7970AFB305096FA1AB3B9" author="TODD E. L." box="[1265,1432,1253,1276]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref10352" refString="TODD E. L. 1959: The Gelastocoridae of Melanesia (Hemiptera). Nova Guinea (N. S.) 10: 61 - 94." type="journal article" year="1959">TODD 1959: 69</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 45). However, the front of the head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8F8FA3D6FFC7970AFB3E5176FAF9B259" box="[1279,1403,1285,1308]" captionStart="Figs 31–34" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1564,1583]" captionTargetBox="[173,1427,193,1542]" captionTargetId="figure-13@10.[151,1436,183,1552]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 31–34. Nerthra occidua Todd, 1959. 31–33 – male, habitus (31 – dorsal view, cleaned; 32 – ventral view, cleaned; 33 – dorsal view, before cleaning). 34 – female, habitus (ventral view, cleaned)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11449799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11449799/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Figs 31–34</figureCitation>
|
||
) is flat and its width is less than the combined length of the pronotum and the scutellum (4.5 / 5.0), which would agree with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC7970AFCB15116FC4CB239" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[880,974,1381,1404]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC7970AFCB15116FC4CB239" box="[880,974,1381,1404]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">N. lurida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7325C2A2FFC7970AFB995116FB66B239" author="TODD E. L." box="[1112,1252,1381,1404]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref10352" refString="TODD E. L. 1959: The Gelastocoridae of Melanesia (Hemiptera). Nova Guinea (N. S.) 10: 61 - 94." type="journal article" year="1959">TODD (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In some females, the front of the head is slightly convex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8F8FA3D6FFC7970AFB2B51F6FAE5B2D9" box="[1258,1383,1413,1436]" captionStart="Figs 31–34" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1564,1583]" captionTargetBox="[173,1427,193,1542]" captionTargetId="figure-13@10.[151,1436,183,1552]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 31–34. Nerthra occidua Todd, 1959. 31–33 – male, habitus (31 – dorsal view, cleaned; 32 – ventral view, cleaned; 33 – dorsal view, before cleaning). 34 – female, habitus (ventral view, cleaned)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11449799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11449799/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Figs 31–34</figureCitation>
|
||
), but in most, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC49709FEE652F4FE1AB1DB" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[295,408,1671,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC49709FEE652F4FE1AB1DB" box="[295,408,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">N. occidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the width of head is less than the length of the pronotum and the scutellum combined (4.7 / 5.1) as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC49709FF3A52B4FED8B19B" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[251,346,1735,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC49709FF3A52B4FED8B19B" box="[251,346,1735,1758]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">N. lurida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The scutellum itself is not elevated but all three tumescences are strongly elevated in both males and females. Therefore, we conclude that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC49709FD965374FD48B05B" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[599,714,1799,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC49709FD965374FD48B05B" box="[599,714,1799,1822]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">N. occidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC49709FF565354FF75B07B" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[151,247,1831,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC49709FF565354FF75B07B" box="[151,247,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">N. lurida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refer to the same species. We choose
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC49709FD445354FD75B07B" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[645,759,1831,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC49709FD445354FD75B07B" box="[645,759,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">N. occidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the valid name because it was described on a male, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0B4C4D0FFC49709FF565314FF75B03B" authorityName="Todd" authorityYear="1959" box="[151,247,1895,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Gelastocoridae" genus="Nerthra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">
|
||
<emphasis id="25C06341FFC49709FF565314FF75B03B" box="[151,247,1895,1918]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">N. lurida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
becomes its junior subjective synonym.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |