treatments-xml/data/98/7A/11/987A1144CF168144F2DEFE96FAF39BC5.xml

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<mods:title id="CD052415C2FD7415C0C71C2E71B4D52F">On the validity of Pelvicachromis sacrimontis Paulo, 1977 (Perciformes, Cichlidae), with designation of a neotype, and redescription of the species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="17565EEBBDF7CBD370D3F5A0AC349E05">Lamboj, Anton</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="987A1144CF168144F2DEFE96FAF39BC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5664735" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119523629" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5664735" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:987A1144CF168144F2DEFE96FAF39BC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/987A1144CF168144F2DEFE96FAF39BC5" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<subSubSection id="58C9F3D9CF168143F2DEFE96FA93994F" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="106CA052CF168143F2DEFE96FD9C9B70" blockId="1.[151,635,295,354]" box="[151,635,295,321]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<heading id="4B24173ECF168143F2DEFE96FD9C9B70" bold="true" box="[151,635,295,321]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF168143F2DEFE96FD9C9B70" ID-CoL="76FNH" authority="Paulo, 1977" authorityName="Paulo" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,635,295,321]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F2DEFE96FD9C9B70" bold="true" box="[151,635,295,321]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F2DEFE96FE039B70" bold="true" box="[151,484,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Pelvicachromis sacrimontis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7442DDA3CF168143F3A2FE96FD9C9B70" author="Paulo" box="[491,635,295,321]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Paulo, J. (1977) Anmerkungen zur Gattung Pelvicachromis, speziell zur Berechtigung des Taxons Pelvicachromis kribensis (Boulenger, 1911). DCG-Info, 8 (9), 161 - 168." type="journal article" year="1977">Paulo, 1977</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF168143F2DEFEFBFE949B53" blockId="1.[151,635,295,354]" box="[151,371,330,354]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
(
<figureCitation id="88E8BCD7CF168143F2D6FEFBFEED9B53" box="[159,266,330,354]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="1.[151,250,1935,1958]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,250,845,868]" captionStartId-2="2.[151,250,1428,1451]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,1343,1913]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,201,810]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,1027,1384]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[151,1436,1343,1913]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[151,1436,201,810]" captionTargetId-2="figure@2.[151,1436,1027,1384]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="2" captionText-0="FIGURE 1, Neotype of Pelvicachromis sacrimontis, MRAC 86 - 10 - P- 102, male, 66.4 mm SL, Nigeria: Chokoche, Imo River, Rivers State, Niger River system, 4 ° 59 ' N, 7 ° 59 ' E, Collected by P. J. Akiri, August 1985." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Comparison of coloration of males of P. sacrimontis and P. pulcher; A. male of P. sacrimontis in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers State, yellow morph, SL 53 mm, not preserved; B. male of P. sacrimontis in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers state, red morph, SL 67 mm, not preserved; C. male of P. pulcher, selected from a commercial import from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved; D. male of P. p u l c h e r, F 2 of commercially imported specimens from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Comparison of coloration of females: A. female of P. sacrimontis in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers state, SL 45 mm, not preserved; B. female of P. p u l c h e r selected from a commercial import from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/210782/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/210783/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/210784/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="5D5195E9CF168143F35FFEFBFE809B53" box="[278,359,330,354]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,235,154,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1357,328,763]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometrics and meristics of neotype and 29 paraneotypes of Pelvicachromis sacrimontis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/44ACF0DACF148141F2DEFF2BFB5B9A9E" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" tableUuid="44ACF0DACF148141F2DEFF2BFB5B9A9E">Table 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF168143F2DEFE22FDB59BFF" blockId="1.[151,1437,402,1291]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F2DEFE22FEE79B9A" bold="true" box="[151,256,403,427]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<typeStatus id="CF681EF0CF168143F2DEFE22FF1C9B9A" box="[151,251,403,427]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
MRAC 86-10-P-102, male, 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F008FE23FD429B9B" box="[577,677,402,426]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.64" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="66.4">66.4 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<collectingCountry id="68C4E0C2CF168143F092FE23FCD49B9B" box="[731,819,402,426]" name="Nigeria" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
: Chokoche, Imo River, Rivers State, 
<geoCoordinate id="75E7C695CF168143F69AFE23FAA69B9B" box="[1235,1345,402,426]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="4.9833336">04° 59' N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="75E7C695CF168143F705FE23FF4C9BFF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="7.9833336">07° 59' E</geoCoordinate>
, collected by P.J. Akiri, 
<date id="646D8692CF168143F3F3FE06FDAA9BFF" box="[442,589,438,463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" value="1985-08">August 1985</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF168143F28EFE6AFA93994F" blockId="1.[151,1437,402,1291]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F28EFE6AFE979BC2" bold="true" box="[199,368,475,499]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Paraneotypes.</emphasis>
All from 
<collectingCountry id="68C4E0C2CF168143F3AEFE6BFDD89BC3" box="[487,575,474,498]" name="Nigeria" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
. MRAC 138748–138755, 
<specimenCount id="06D56BDBCF168143F126FE6BFC2C9BC3" box="[879,971,474,498]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="male">8 males</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F190FE6BFB989BC3" box="[985,1151,474,498]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.315" metricValueMax="7.779999999999999" metricValueMin="6.85" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="73.15" valueMax="77.8" valueMin="68.5">68.5–77.8 mm</quantity>
SL, d‘Aba, collected by E.R. Smykala &amp; van de Weyer, 1967.—MRAC 154410-154412, 
<specimenCount id="06D56BDBCF168143F13BFE4FFC2C9827" box="[882,971,510,534]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="06D56BDBCF168143F19EFE4FFBDC9827" box="[983,1083,510,534]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F60EFE4FFB0D9827" box="[1095,1258,510,534]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="7.76" metricValueMin="5.74" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="67.5" valueMax="77.6" valueMin="57.4">57.4–77.6 mm</quantity>
SL, d‘Aba, 
<geoCoordinate id="75E7C695CF168143F73CFE4FFF32980B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="5.116667">05° 07' N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="75E7C695CF168143F2A9FD93FEAF980B" box="[224,328,546,570]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="7.366667">07° 22' E</geoCoordinate>
, collected by E.R. Smykala, 
<date id="646D8692CF168143F0C0FD92FCFA980B" box="[649,797,546,571]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" value="1965-01">January 1965</date>
.—MRAC 154513–154514, 
<specimenCount id="06D56BDBCF168143F617FD93FB4B980B" box="[1118,1196,546,570]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 1 ex., 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F6B3FD93FA7A980B" box="[1274,1437,546,570]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.705" metricValueMax="5.79" metricValueMin="5.62" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="57.05" valueMax="57.9" valueMin="56.2">56.2–57.9 mm</quantity>
SL, d‘Aba, 
<geoCoordinate id="75E7C695CF168143F355FDF7FE6B986F" box="[284,396,582,606]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="5.116667">05° 07' N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="75E7C695CF168143F3D0FDF7FDE2986F" box="[409,517,582,606]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="7.366667">07° 22' E</geoCoordinate>
, collected by E.R. Smykala, 
<date id="646D8692CF168143F119FDF6FC01986F" box="[848,998,582,607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" value="1967-01">January 1967</date>
.—MRAC 154520–154530, for counts and measurements 
<specimenCount id="06D56BDBCF168143F33BFDDBFE0498B3" box="[370,483,618,642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
, 2 ex. 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F07AFDDBFD3F98B3" box="[563,728,618,642]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.165" metricValueMax="4.92" metricValueMin="3.41" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="41.65" valueMax="49.2" valueMin="34.1">34.1–49.2 mm</quantity>
SL, d‘Aba, 
<geoCoordinate id="75E7C695CF168143F120FDDBFC3D98B3" box="[873,986,618,642]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="5.116667">05° 07' N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="75E7C695CF168143F1A1FDDBFBB098B3" box="[1000,1111,618,642]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="7.366667">07° 22' E</geoCoordinate>
, collected by E.R. Smykala, 
<date id="646D8692CF168143F2DEFD3EFED59897" box="[151,306,654,679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" value="1967-01">January 1967</date>
.—MRAC 86-08-P-33, male, 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F0DAFD3FFD1B9897" box="[659,764,654,678]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.529999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="65.3">65.3 mm</quantity>
SL, Umuayara Village, Mba Etche, Kelga Rivers State, collected by P.J. Akiri, 
<date id="646D8692CF168143F3E2FD03FDA098FB" box="[427,583,690,714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" value="1983-10">October 1983</date>
.—MRAC 86-08-P-34, male, 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F1EAFD03FBEC98FB" box="[931,1035,690,714]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="71.5">71.5 mm</quantity>
SL, Odiemudie, Sombreiro River, Rivers State, collected by P.J. Akiri, 
<date id="646D8692CF168143F078FD67FD2F98DF" box="[561,712,726,750]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" value="1983-10">October 1983</date>
.—MRAC 86-10-P-101, male, 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F66FFD67FB6D98DF" box="[1062,1162,726,750]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.64" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="66.4">66.4 mm</quantity>
SL, Okosos, Nun River, Rivers State. Collected by P.J. Akiri, 
<date id="646D8692CF168143F075FD4BFD179923" box="[572,752,762,786]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" value="1985-11">November 1985</date>
.—MRAC 86-10-P-103, male, 66.0 mm SL, same collection data as 
<typeStatus id="CF681EF0CF168143F2BCFCAFFEA89907" box="[245,335,798,822]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
.—MRAC 88-37-P-138-142, 
<specimenCount id="06D56BDBCF168143F0EBFCAFFD129907" box="[674,757,798,822]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="06D56BDBCF168143F14CFCAFFC9F9907" box="[773,888,798,822]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, 2 ex., 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F19EFCAFFB989907" box="[983,1151,798,822]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.17" metricValueMax="9.059999999999999" metricValueMin="3.28" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="61.699999999999996" valueMax="90.6" valueMin="32.8">32.8–90.6 mm</quantity>
SL, River Umuayara at Umuede about 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F30BFCF3FE6E996B" box="[322,393,834,858]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
NNW of Port Harcourt. Collected by T. Roberts, 
<date id="646D8692CF168143F1FEFCF2FBCF996B" box="[951,1064,834,858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" value="1987-06">June 1987</date>
.—MRAC 93-039-P-0149–0150, 
<specimenCount id="06D56BDBCF168143F2DEFCD7FF17994F" box="[151,240,870,894]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F2B2FCD7FE79994F" box="[251,414,870,894]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.584999999999999" metricValueMax="6.59" metricValueMin="6.58" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="65.85" valueMax="65.9" valueMin="65.8">65.8–65.9 mm</quantity>
SL, Abak, Kwa Ibo River, 
<geoCoordinate id="75E7C695CF168143F098FCD7FCD9994F" box="[721,830,870,894]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="4.9833336">04° 59' N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="75E7C695CF168143F103FCD7FC54994F" box="[842,947,870,894]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="7.7833333">07° 47' E</geoCoordinate>
, collected by R.P. King, 
<date id="646D8692CF168143F681FCD7FA88994F" box="[1224,1391,870,894]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" value="1992-02">February 1992</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58C9F3D9CF168143F28EFC3BFC119F3B" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="106CA052CF168143F28EFC3BFC119F3B" blockId="1.[151,1437,402,1291]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F28EFC3BFEA69992" bold="true" box="[199,321,906,931]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A species of 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F3A8FC3AFD729992" box="[481,661,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF168143F3A8FC3AFD769992" box="[481,657,907,931]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pelvicachromis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
distinguished from all congeners by a combination of characters as follows: Differs from 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF168143F3D3FC1FFC7299F7" authority="Boulenger, 1901" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1901" box="[410,917,942,967]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taeniatus">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F3D3FC1FFD5D99F6" box="[410,698,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Pelvicachromis taeniatus</emphasis>
(Boulenger, 1901)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF168143F19DFC1FFF3F99DB" authority="Guenther, 1871" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1871" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subocellatus">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F19DFC1FFAFE99F7" box="[980,1305,942,966]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Pelvicachromis subocellatus</emphasis>
(Guenther, 1871)
</taxonomicName>
in absence of a pattern of pale blue and reddish dots on the caudal fin of adult males. Differs from 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF168143F2DEFC47FE739E3F" box="[151,404,1014,1038]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roloffi">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F2DEFC47FE739E3F" box="[151,404,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Pelvicachromis roloffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Thys van den Audenaerde, 1968) in a broader midlateral band on the body, absence of small dots in the male caudal fin, absence of red margin with whitish to bluish submargin in the female dorsal fin. Differs from 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF168143F376FB8FFCDC9E67" authority="Boulenger, 1916" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1916" box="[319,827,1086,1110]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F376FB8FFDB69E67" box="[319,593,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Pelvicachromis humilis</emphasis>
(Boulenger, 1916)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF168143F118FB8FFA859E67" authority="Lamboj, 2004" authorityName="Lamboj" authorityYear="2004" box="[849,1378,1086,1110]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubrolabiatus">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F118FB8FFB4E9E67" box="[849,1193,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Pelvicachromis rubrolabiatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7442DDA3CF168143F6F3FB8FFA859E67" author="Lamboj" box="[1210,1378,1086,1110]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Lamboj, A. (2004) The Cichlid Fishes of Western Africa. Birgitt-Schmettkamp-Verlag, Bornheim, 255 pp." type="book" year="2004">Lamboj, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF168143F2DEFBD2FDBE9E4B" authority="Lamboj, 2004" authorityName="Lamboj" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,601,1122,1147]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signatus">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F2DEFBD2FE4B9E4A" box="[151,428,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Pelvicachromis signatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7442DDA3CF168143F3F1FBD3FDBE9E4B" author="Lamboj" box="[440,601,1122,1146]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Lamboj, A. (2004) The Cichlid Fishes of Western Africa. Birgitt-Schmettkamp-Verlag, Bornheim, 255 pp." type="book" year="2004">
Lamboj, 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF168143F068FBD3FDBE9E4B" box="[545,601,1122,1146]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.090159999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="in" value="2004.0">2004</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in absence of dark vertical bars on body. Differs from 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF168143F6A6FBD2FF0A9EAF" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F6A6FBD2FF0A9EAF" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Pelvicachromis pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a broader midlateral band on the body, usually as broad or broader than a pale yellowish band dorsal to this dark band, iridescent blueish to turquoise coloration band on cheeks and a different coloration of the dorsal fin in females (no margin, spiny portion pale to dark and dusky orange, soft parts yellowish to clear in most posterior regions 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F2B9FB45FEE09F3A" box="[240,263,1268,1291]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">vs</emphasis>
. black margin, yellow submargin and black fin base in 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF168143F13DFB45FC029F3A" box="[884,997,1267,1291]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F13DFB45FC029F3A" box="[884,997,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">P. pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="44ACF0DACF168143F2DEF83EFBC09DF5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210782/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[151,1436,1343,1913]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="106CA052CF168143F2DEF83EFBC09DF5" blockId="1.[151,1436,1935,1988]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F2DEF83EFEEB9D94" bold="true" box="[151,268,1935,1958]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
, Neotype of 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF168143F3DBF83EFD4B9D97" box="[402,684,1935,1958]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF168143F3DBF83EFD4B9D97" box="[402,684,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Pelvicachromis sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, MRAC 86-10-P-102, male, 66.4 mm SL, Nigeria: Chokoche, Imo River, Rivers State, Niger River system, 4° 59' N, 7° 59' E, Collected by P.J. Akiri, August 1985.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="44ACF0DACF158140F2DEFCFCFAD899F1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210783/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" targetBox="[151,1435,201,810]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="106CA052CF158140F2DEFCFCFAD899F1" blockId="2.[151,1437,845,960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F2DEFCFCFEF49952" bold="true" box="[151,275,845,868]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Comparison of coloration of males of 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF158140F0D7FCFEFCCA9955" box="[670,813,847,868]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F0D7FCFEFCCA9955" box="[670,813,847,868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">P. sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF158140F116FCFEFC229955" box="[863,965,846,868]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F116FCFEFC229955" box="[863,965,846,868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">P. pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; A. male of 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF158140F60CFCFEFB329955" box="[1093,1237,847,868]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F60CFCFEFB329955" box="[1093,1237,847,868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">P. sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers State, yellow morph, SL 53 mm, not preserved; B. male of 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF158140F13FFCDCFBE099B3" box="[886,1031,877,898]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F13FFCDCFBE099B3" box="[886,1031,877,898]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">P. sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers state, red morph, SL 67 mm, not preserved; C. male of 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF158140F026FC3DFD329990" box="[623,725,907,929]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F026FC3DFD329990" box="[623,725,907,929]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">P. pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, selected from a commercial import from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved; D. male of 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F331FC1AFE3B99F1" box="[376,476,938,960]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">P. p u l c h e r</emphasis>
, F2 of commercially imported specimens from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="44ACF0DACF158140F2DEFA25FADC9FF9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210784/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" targetBox="[151,1435,1027,1384]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="106CA052CF158140F2DEFA25FADC9FF9" blockId="2.[151,1437,1428,1481]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F2DEFA25FEF49F98" bold="true" box="[151,275,1428,1451]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Comparison of coloration of females: A. female of 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF158140F163FA24FC5D9F9B" box="[810,954,1429,1450]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F163FA24FC5D9F9B" box="[810,954,1429,1450]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">P. sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers state, SL 45 mm, not preserved; B. female of 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F3F8FA05FDF29FF8" box="[433,533,1459,1481]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">P. p u l c h e r</emphasis>
selected from a commercial import from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="58C9F3D9CF158146F28EFA41FD369D18" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph id="106CA052CF158140F28EFA41FBBC9CA9" blockId="2.[151,1437,1520,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F28EFA41FEBE9C38" bold="true" box="[199,345,1520,1545]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Description.</emphasis>
Measurements and counts for 
<typeStatus id="CF681EF0CF158140F09CFA40FCC99C38" box="[725,814,1521,1545]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
and 29 paraneotypes are given in 
<tableCitation id="5D5195E9CF158140F6A9FA41FADC9C39" box="[1248,1339,1520,1544]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,235,154,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1357,328,763]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometrics and meristics of neotype and 29 paraneotypes of Pelvicachromis sacrimontis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/44ACF0DACF148141F2DEFF2BFB5B9A9E" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" tableUuid="44ACF0DACF148141F2DEFF2BFB5B9A9E">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Sexual dimorphism and dichromatism well developed. First ray of pelvic fin always longest in males, tip of pelvic fin reaching anterior base of anal fin or beyond. In females, first ray of the pelvic fin shorter or of equal length to second ray. Caudal fin rounded in both sexes. Some rays in posterior parts of dorsal and anal fins pronounced, but always much longer in males. Adult males usually 15–25% larger in TL than females.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF158140F28EF915FC6E9D35" blockId="2.[151,1437,1520,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF158140F28EF915FE099C8C" bold="true" box="[199,494,1700,1725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Osteology and dentition.</emphasis>
Infraorbital series with lachrymal and three additional tubular bones and a distinct gap between second and third (dermosphenotic) tubular infraorbital. Lachrymal with four laterosensory pores. Total vertebrae 26 or 27 (14 or 15 abdominal plus 12 or 13 caudal).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF158140F28EF8A1FC399D41" blockId="2.[151,1437,1520,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Premaxilla with 2–4 rows, dentary with 2 or 3 rows of regularly set unicuspid teeth. Anteriorly in lower jaw a few teeth are rotated and point inward. Lower pharyngeal bone triangular, with unicuspid to weakly bicuspid teeth on lateral parts of this bone, and asymmetric bicuspid teeth in central field.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF158140F28EF8CDFD059DED" blockId="2.[151,1437,1520,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Gill rakers on first gill arch. Eight to 13 tuberculate gill rakers on ceratobranchials (only one specimen with 13, which could be an aberration, the range of all other specimens is 8–10), 2–6 pointed gill rakers on epibranchials. Well-developed hanging pad on roof of the pharynx.</paragraph>
<caption id="44ACF0DACF148141F2DEFF2BFB5B9A9E" ID-Table-UUID="44ACF0DACF148141F2DEFF2BFB5B9A9E" box="[151,1212,153,175]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/44ACF0DACF148141F2DEFF2BFB5B9A9E" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" targetBox="[159,1357,328,763]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="106CA052CF148141F2DEFF2BFB5B9A9E" blockId="3.[151,1357,153,267]" box="[151,1212,153,175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF148141F2DEFF2BFEE39A9E" bold="true" box="[151,260,154,175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphometrics and meristics of neotype and 29 paraneotypes of 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF148141F1D4FF28FB519A9E" box="[925,1206,153,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF148141F1D4FF28FB519A9E" box="[925,1206,153,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Pelvicachromis sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF148141F00CFF7CFB459AD3" blockId="3.[151,1357,153,267]" box="[581,1186,204,226]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<typeStatus id="CF681EF0CF148141F00CFF7CFD729AD3" box="[581,661,205,226]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
mean SD range
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF148141F2D6FF44FE5F9F25" blockId="3.[151,1357,153,267]" lastBlockId="3.[159,1369,1278,1342]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Standard length in mm 66.4 59.6 25.6 – 78.1 % of caudal peduncle depth</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF148141F2D6FEF9FAAA98CB" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<table id="62D352F2CF147EBDF2D6FEF9FAAA98CA" box="[159,1357,328,763]" gridcols="7" gridrows="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FEF9FAAA9B6F" box="[159,1357,328,350]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FEF9FE799B6F" box="[159,414,328,350]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">% of standard length</th>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FEC0FAAA9BB6" box="[159,1357,369,391]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FEC0FE799BB6" box="[159,414,369,391]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Body depth</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFEC0FD969BB6" box="[581,625,369,391]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">35.8</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFEC0FC779BB6" box="[868,912,369,391]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">33.3</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FEC0FBC69BB6" box="[1025,1057,369,391]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">2.0</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF620FEC0FB719BB6" box="[1129,1174,369,391]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">29.0</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFEC0FB389BB6" box="[1234,1247,369,391]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF769FEC0FAAA9BB6" box="[1312,1357,369,391]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">36.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FE2BFAAA9B81" box="[159,1357,410,432]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FE2BFE799B81" box="[159,414,410,432]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Head length</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFE2BFD969B81" box="[581,625,410,432]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">27.8</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFE2BFC779B81" box="[868,912,410,432]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">28.9</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FE2BFBC69B81" box="[1025,1057,410,432]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">1.3</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF620FE2BFB719B81" box="[1129,1174,410,432]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">27.0</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFE2BFB389B81" box="[1234,1247,410,432]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF769FE2BFAAA9B81" box="[1312,1357,410,432]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">32.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FE72FAAA9BEB" box="[159,1357,451,474]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FE72FE799BEB" box="[159,414,451,474]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Caudal peduncle length</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFE72FD969BEB" box="[581,625,451,474]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">15.7</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFE72FC779BEB" box="[868,912,451,474]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">15.4</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FE72FBC69BEB" box="[1025,1057,451,474]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">0.8</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF620FE72FB719BEB" box="[1129,1174,451,474]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">13.7</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFE72FB389BEB" box="[1234,1247,451,474]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF769FE72FAAA9BEB" box="[1312,1357,451,474]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">16.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FE5CFAAA9832" box="[159,1357,493,515]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FE5CFE799832" box="[159,414,493,515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Caudal peduncle depth</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFE5CFD969832" box="[581,625,493,515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">15.1</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFE5CFC779832" box="[868,912,493,515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">14.7</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FE5CFBC69832" box="[1025,1057,493,515]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">0.4</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF620FE5CFB719832" box="[1129,1174,493,515]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">14.0</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFE5CFB389832" box="[1234,1247,493,515]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF769FE5CFAAA9832" box="[1312,1357,493,515]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">15.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FDA7FAAA981D" box="[159,1357,534,556]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FDA7FE79981D" box="[159,414,534,556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Length of dorsal-fin base</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFDA7FD96981D" box="[581,625,534,556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">59.4</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFDA7FC77981D" box="[868,912,534,556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">58.4</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FDA7FBC6981D" box="[1025,1057,534,556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">2.1</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF620FDA7FB71981D" box="[1129,1174,534,556]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">54.1</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFDA7FB38981D" box="[1234,1247,534,556]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF769FDA7FAAA981D" box="[1312,1357,534,556]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">61.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FDF1FAAA9867" box="[159,1357,576,598]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FDF1FE799867" box="[159,414,576,598]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Length of anal-fin base</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFDF1FD969867" box="[581,625,576,598]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">19.2</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFDF1FC779867" box="[868,912,576,598]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">18.7</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FDF1FBC69867" box="[1025,1057,576,598]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">1.4</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF620FDF1FB719867" box="[1129,1174,576,598]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">16.1</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFDF1FB389867" box="[1234,1247,576,598]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF769FDF1FAAA9867" box="[1312,1357,576,598]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">22.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FDD8FAAA984E" box="[159,1357,617,639]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FDD8FE79984E" box="[159,414,617,639]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Predorsal distance</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFDD8FD96984E" box="[581,625,617,639]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">26.7</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFDD8FC77984E" box="[868,912,617,639]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">27.3</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FDD8FBC6984E" box="[1025,1057,617,639]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">1.5</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF620FDD8FB71984E" box="[1129,1174,617,639]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">25.3</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFDD8FB38984E" box="[1234,1247,617,639]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF769FDD8FAAA984E" box="[1312,1357,617,639]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">31.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FD23FAAA9899" box="[159,1357,658,680]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FD23FE799899" box="[159,414,658,680]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Preanal distance</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFD23FD969899" box="[581,625,658,680]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">68.2</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFD23FC779899" box="[868,912,658,680]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">67.6</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FD23FBC69899" box="[1025,1057,658,680]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">1.6</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF620FD23FB719899" box="[1129,1174,658,680]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">64.5</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFD23FB389899" box="[1234,1247,658,680]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF769FD23FAAA9899" box="[1312,1357,658,680]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">70.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FD0AFAAA98E3" box="[159,1357,699,722]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FD0AFE7998E3" box="[159,414,699,722]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Prepectoral distance</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFD0AFD9698E3" box="[581,625,699,722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">28.9</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFD0AFC7798E3" box="[868,912,699,722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">32.0</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FD0AFBC698E3" box="[1025,1057,699,722]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">2.0</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF620FD0AFB7198E3" box="[1129,1174,699,722]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">28.9</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFD0AFB3898E3" box="[1234,1247,699,722]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF769FD0AFAAA98E3" box="[1312,1357,699,722]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">36.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FD54FAAA98CA" box="[159,1357,741,763]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FD54FE7998CA" box="[159,414,741,763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Prepelvic distance</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFD54FD9698CA" box="[581,625,741,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">36.0</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFD54FC7798CA" box="[868,912,741,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">37.5</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FD54FBC698CA" box="[1025,1057,741,763]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">2.3</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF620FD54FB7198CA" box="[1129,1174,741,763]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">30.5</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFD54FB3898CA" box="[1234,1247,741,763]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF769FD54FAAA98CA" box="[1312,1357,741,763]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">42.8</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF148141F2D6FC89FAAA9EF0" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<table id="62D352F2CF147EBDF2D6FC89FAAA9EF3" box="[159,1357,824,1218]" gridcols="7" gridrows="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FC89FAAA997F" box="[159,1357,824,846]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FC89FE19997F" box="[159,510,824,846]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">% of head length</th>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FCD0FAAA9946" box="[159,1357,865,887]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FCD0FE199946" box="[159,510,865,887]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Head depth</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFCD0FD959946" box="[581,626,865,887]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">77.6</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFCD0FC779946" box="[868,912,865,887]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">72.3</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FCD0FBC69946" box="[1025,1057,865,887]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">4.6</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FCD0FB709946" box="[1130,1175,865,887]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">62.6</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFCD0FB389946" box="[1234,1247,865,887]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF768FCD0FAAA9946" box="[1313,1357,865,887]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">80.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FC3BFAAA9991" box="[159,1357,906,928]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FC3BFE199991" box="[159,510,906,928]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Snout length</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFC3BFD959991" box="[581,626,906,928]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">30.5</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFC3BFC779991" box="[868,912,906,928]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">32.3</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FC3BFBC69991" box="[1025,1057,906,928]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">3.1</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FC3BFB709991" box="[1130,1175,906,928]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">26.2</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFC3BFB389991" box="[1234,1247,906,928]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF768FC3BFAAA9991" box="[1313,1357,906,928]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">38.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FC02FAAA99FB" box="[159,1357,947,970]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FC02FE1999FB" box="[159,510,947,970]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Eye diameter</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFC02FD9599FB" box="[581,626,947,970]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">31.2</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFC02FC7799FB" box="[868,912,947,970]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">30.7</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FC02FBC699FB" box="[1025,1057,947,970]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">2.2</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FC02FB7099FB" box="[1130,1175,947,970]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">27.1</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFC02FB3899FB" box="[1234,1247,947,970]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF768FC02FAAA99FB" box="[1313,1357,947,970]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">34.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FC6CFAAA99C2" box="[159,1357,989,1011]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FC6CFE1999C2" box="[159,510,989,1011]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Postorbital distance</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFC6CFD9599C2" box="[581,626,989,1011]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">38.3</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFC6CFC7799C2" box="[868,912,989,1011]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">37.0</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FC6CFBC699C2" box="[1025,1057,989,1011]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">2.5</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FC6CFB7099C2" box="[1130,1175,989,1011]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">31.7</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFC6CFB3899C2" box="[1234,1247,989,1011]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF768FC6CFAAA99C2" box="[1313,1357,989,1011]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">41.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FBB7FAAA9E2D" box="[159,1357,1030,1052]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FBB7FE199E2D" box="[159,510,1030,1052]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Interorbital distance</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFBB7FD959E2D" box="[581,626,1030,1052]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">40.0</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFBB7FC779E2D" box="[868,912,1030,1052]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">36.0</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FBB7FBC69E2D" box="[1025,1057,1030,1052]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">3.7</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FBB7FB709E2D" box="[1130,1175,1030,1052]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">29.4</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFBB7FB389E2D" box="[1234,1247,1030,1052]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF768FBB7FAAA9E2D" box="[1313,1357,1030,1052]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">45.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FB81FAAA9E77" box="[159,1357,1072,1094]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FB81FE199E77" box="[159,510,1072,1094]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Cheek depth</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFB81FD959E77" box="[581,626,1072,1094]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">32.3</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFB81FC779E77" box="[868,912,1072,1094]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">30.1</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FB81FBC69E77" box="[1025,1057,1072,1094]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">4.8</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FB81FB709E77" box="[1130,1175,1072,1094]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">21.2</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFB81FB389E77" box="[1234,1247,1072,1094]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF768FB81FAAA9E77" box="[1313,1357,1072,1094]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">36.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FBE8FAAA9E5E" box="[159,1357,1113,1135]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FBE8FE199E5E" box="[159,510,1113,1135]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Lower jaw length</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFBE8FD959E5E" box="[581,626,1113,1135]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">35.5</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFBE8FC779E5E" box="[868,912,1113,1135]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">32.1</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FBE8FBC69E5E" box="[1025,1057,1113,1135]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">4.4</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FBE8FB709E5E" box="[1130,1175,1113,1135]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">23.8</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFBE8FB389E5E" box="[1234,1247,1113,1135]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF768FBE8FAAA9E5E" box="[1313,1357,1113,1135]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">37.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FB33FAAA9EA9" box="[159,1357,1154,1176]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FB33FE199EA9" box="[159,510,1154,1176]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Premaxilla-dentigerous arm length</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFB33FD959EA9" box="[581,626,1154,1176]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">31.2</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFB33FC779EA9" box="[868,912,1154,1176]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">28.9</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FB33FBC69EA9" box="[1025,1057,1154,1176]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">2.8</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FB33FB709EA9" box="[1130,1175,1154,1176]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">23.7</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFB33FB389EA9" box="[1234,1247,1154,1176]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF768FB33FAAA9EA9" box="[1313,1357,1154,1176]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">34.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FB1AFAAA9EF3" box="[159,1357,1195,1218]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FB1AFE199EF3" box="[159,510,1195,1218]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Preorbital distance</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF00CFB1AFD959EF3" box="[581,626,1195,1218]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">22.4</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFB1AFC779EF3" box="[868,912,1195,1218]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">22.4</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF648FB1AFBC69EF3" box="[1025,1057,1195,1218]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">2.0</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FB1AFB709EF3" box="[1130,1175,1195,1218]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">18.7</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF69BFB1AFB389EF3" box="[1234,1247,1195,1218]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">–</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF768FB1AFAAA9EF3" box="[1313,1357,1195,1218]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">26.5</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF148146F2D6FA99FD999B0E" blockId="3.[159,1369,1278,1342]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
Caudal peduncle length 103.7 105.1 6.8 91.1 – 117.1 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF148141F28EF82FFEF09D86" bold="true" box="[199,279,1950,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Scales.</emphasis>
Cycloid, 2 or 3 rows of scales on cheek; four horizontal rows on opercle. Dark spot on outer edge of opercle unscaled. Chest-scales smaller than body scales, 5–7 scales between pectoral and pelvic fins. Upper lateralline separated from dorsal-fin base anteriorly by two and a half to four scales, at 8th pored scale by one and a half to two and a half scales, and at last pored scale by a half to one and a half scale. End of upper lateral-line rarely overlapping lower lateral-line, usually separated from beginning of lower lateral line by 1–3 rows of scales (but overlap by one scale in three specimens, no scale row in between in five specimens). About 1⁄4 of caudal fin covered with scales, all other fins unscaled.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF148141F2D6FACBFADD9D66" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<table id="62D352F2CF147EBDF2D6FACBFADC9D66" box="[159,1339,1402,1879]" gridcols="3" gridrows="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FACBFADC9FA1" box="[159,1339,1402,1424]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FACBFDB89FA1" box="[159,607,1402,1424]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Meristics</th>
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFACBFC489FA1" box="[868,943,1402,1424]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">median</th>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FA12FADC9F8B" box="[159,1339,1443,1466]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FA12FDB89F8B" box="[159,607,1443,1466]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Upper lateral-line scales 19</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFA12FC489F8B" box="[868,943,1443,1466]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">19</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FA12FADC9F8B" box="[1130,1339,1443,1466]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">17 – 21</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FA7CFADC9FD2" box="[159,1339,1485,1507]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FA7CFDB89FD2" box="[159,607,1485,1507]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Lower lateral-line scales 9</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFA7CFC489FD2" box="[868,943,1485,1507]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">9</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FA7CFADC9FD2" box="[1130,1339,1485,1507]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">7 – 10</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6FA47FADC9C3D" box="[159,1339,1526,1548]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6FA47FDB89C3D" box="[159,607,1526,1548]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Total lateral-line scales 29</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DFA47FC489C3D" box="[868,943,1526,1548]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">29</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623FA47FADC9C3D" box="[1130,1339,1526,1548]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">27 – 30</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6F991FADC9C07" box="[159,1339,1568,1590]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6F991FDB89C07" box="[159,607,1568,1590]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Circumpeduncular scales 16</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623F991FADC9C07" box="[1130,1339,1568,1590]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">16</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6F9F8FADC9C6E" box="[159,1339,1609,1631]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6F9F8FDB89C6E" box="[159,607,1609,1631]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Dorsal-fin spines 16</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DF9F8FC489C6E" box="[868,943,1609,1631]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">16</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623F9F8FADC9C6E" box="[1130,1339,1609,1631]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">15 – 17</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6F9C3FADC9CB9" box="[159,1339,1650,1672]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6F9C3FDB89CB9" box="[159,607,1650,1672]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Dorsal-fin rays 9</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DF9C3FC489CB9" box="[868,943,1650,1672]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">9</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623F9C3FADC9CB9" box="[1130,1339,1650,1672]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">8 – 10</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6F92AFADC9C80" box="[159,1339,1691,1713]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6F92AFDB89C80" box="[159,607,1691,1713]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Anal-fin spines 3</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623F92AFADC9C80" box="[1130,1339,1691,1713]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6F974FADC9CEA" box="[159,1339,1733,1755]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6F974FDB89CEA" box="[159,607,1733,1755]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Anal-fin rays 7</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DF974FC489CEA" box="[868,943,1733,1755]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">7</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623F974FADC9CEA" box="[1130,1339,1733,1755]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">6 – 8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6F95FFADC9D35" box="[159,1339,1774,1796]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6F95FFDB89D35" box="[159,607,1774,1796]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Pectoral-fin rays 11</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DF95FFC489D35" box="[868,943,1774,1796]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">11</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623F95FFADC9D35" box="[1130,1339,1774,1796]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">11 – 12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6F8A9FADC9D1F" box="[159,1339,1816,1838]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6F8A9FDB89D1F" box="[159,607,1816,1838]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 11</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DF8A9FC489D1F" box="[868,943,1816,1838]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">10</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623F8A9FADC9D1F" box="[1130,1339,1816,1838]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">9 – 13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AEE3A210CF147EBDF2D6F8F0FADC9D66" box="[159,1339,1857,1879]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<th id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF2D6F8F0FDB89D66" box="[159,607,1857,1879]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Total gill rakers on first arch 15</th>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF12DF8F0FC489D66" box="[868,943,1857,1879]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">15</td>
<td id="ED32CB6CCF147EBDF623F8F0FADC9D66" box="[1130,1339,1857,1879]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">11 – 18</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF138146F28EFEFAFC0498FD" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF138146F28EFEFAFEA89B55" bold="true" box="[199,335,331,356]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Coloration.</emphasis>
Live specimens of both sexes are shown in 
<figureCitation id="88E8BCD7CF138146F10CFEFDFC489B55" box="[837,943,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,845,868]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,201,810]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,201,810]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison of coloration of males of P. sacrimontis and P. pulcher; A. male of P. sacrimontis in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers State, yellow morph, SL 53 mm, not preserved; B. male of P. sacrimontis in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers state, red morph, SL 67 mm, not preserved; C. male of P. pulcher, selected from a commercial import from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved; D. male of P. p u l c h e r, F 2 of commercially imported specimens from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Figures 2</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="88E8BCD7CF138146F19CFEFDFC029B55" box="[981,997,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1428,1451]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1027,1384]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,1027,1384]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of coloration of females: A. female of P. sacrimontis in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers state, SL 45 mm, not preserved; B. female of P. p u l c h e r selected from a commercial import from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210784/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">3</figureCitation>
. Head and body pale brown to greyish brown. Dorsum darker than ventral parts of body. Dark scaleless spot on outer edge of opercle, often bordered at upper and lower parts by light blue to turquoise iridescent margins. Upper lip brownish to black, lower lip greyish to brown, red in males of red morph. A black mid-lateral band from posterior edge of opercle extending to middle parts or end of the caudal fin. A black dorso-lateral band reaching from front of head to about end of dorsal fin, contiguous with a soft dorsal-fin base, separated from the mid-lateral band by a pale, whitish to yellowish band of equal or lesser depth than dark mid-lateral band. Dark interorbital stripe and a second dark stripe from anterior edge of eye to upper margin of upper lips. Bluish to turquoise iridescent stripe from angle of the mouth to the posterior edge of cheek. Upper edge of eye golden-yellow. Pelvic fins with a blue margin on anterior edge, followed by a red and a blue submargin; rest of this fin reddish to violet. Pectoral fins clear to pale yellowish. Some individuals with a few black spots in upper parts of caudal fin and/or in soft dorsal-fin parts.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF138146F28EFD69FEA1996D" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF138146F28EFD69FE1398C1" bold="true" box="[199,500,727,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Male specific coloration.</emphasis>
Dorsal fin with red margin, followed by a white submargin and black base in anterior parts and a greyish to clear base in posterior parts. Caudal fin clear to pale reddish, with a red margin on upper half, followed by a whitish to iridescent bluish part. Anal fins with red margin on anterior edge; rest of fin bluish to violet.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF138146F28EFCD8FDD69E05" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
In coloration of ventral head and body parts (below dark mid-lateral band), three color morphs are distinguishable: one with yellowish to bluish cheeks, yellow throat, flanks and vent and a red blotch on the belly (= yellow morph; 
<figureCitation id="88E8BCD7CF138146F30CFC1EFE6F99F6" box="[325,392,943,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,845,868]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,201,810]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,201,810]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison of coloration of males of P. sacrimontis and P. pulcher; A. male of P. sacrimontis in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers State, yellow morph, SL 53 mm, not preserved; B. male of P. sacrimontis in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers state, red morph, SL 67 mm, not preserved; C. male of P. pulcher, selected from a commercial import from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved; D. male of P. p u l c h e r, F 2 of commercially imported specimens from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A). Second morph with bright red on lower half of head including lower lip, the whole vent and the flanks until close to the origin of the anal fin (= red morph; 
<figureCitation id="88E8BCD7CF138146F1B2FC65FBA399DD" box="[1019,1092,980,1004]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,845,868]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,201,810]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,201,810]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison of coloration of males of P. sacrimontis and P. pulcher; A. male of P. sacrimontis in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers State, yellow morph, SL 53 mm, not preserved; B. male of P. sacrimontis in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers state, red morph, SL 67 mm, not preserved; C. male of P. pulcher, selected from a commercial import from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved; D. male of P. p u l c h e r, F 2 of commercially imported specimens from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B), third with greenish parts corresponding to those that are yellowish in the yellow morph (= green morph). Red blotch on belly can disappear in submissive or stressed specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF138146F28EFBF1FAD59F3D" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF138146F28EFBF1FDF69E66" bold="true" box="[199,529,1087,1112]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Female specific coloration.</emphasis>
No clear distinction between females of the three color-morphs. Dorsal fin without margin, spiny portion pale dark and dusky orange, soft parts yellowish to clear in most posterior regions (
<figureCitation id="88E8BCD7CF138146F2D6FB39FF049E91" box="[159,227,1160,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1428,1451]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1027,1384]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,1027,1384]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of coloration of females: A. female of P. sacrimontis in aquarium, Nigeria, Rivers state, SL 45 mm, not preserved; B. female of P. p u l c h e r selected from a commercial import from Nigeria, not measured, not preserved." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210784/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A). Spiny parts can be dark grey to blackish when courting. Caudal and anal fin transparent yellow. Lower caudal body parts grey to black. Bright red belly, but pale after spawns and in breeding coloration. Flanks and breast pale yellow to bluish, same with lower opercula and subopercular region of head, sometimes pale reddish in females of red morph and more dusky to blackish in aggressive and courting females of all color morphs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF138146F28EFAA9FF379F49" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
Juveniles of both sexes (before acquiring adult coloration) exhibit a pattern of two, rarely three rows of irregular dark spots on brown coloration, up to about 
<quantity id="D72B0DB7CF138146F0A1FA8DFC869F65" box="[744,865,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 mm</quantity>
SL. With increasing size, sex-specific coloration is seen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF138146F28EFA35FD7F9C1D" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF138146F28EFA35FDD99FAD" bold="true" box="[199,574,1411,1436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Preserved specimen coloration.</emphasis>
Head and body brown, darker dorsally (
<figureCitation id="88E8BCD7CF138146F644FA35FBB79FAD" box="[1037,1104,1412,1436]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1343,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,1343,1913]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1, Neotype of Pelvicachromis sacrimontis, MRAC 86 - 10 - P- 102, male, 66.4 mm SL, Nigeria: Chokoche, Imo River, Rivers State, Niger River system, 4 ° 59 ' N, 7 ° 59 ' E, Collected by P. J. Akiri, August 1985." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210782/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Dark spot on outer edge of opercle. Both dark longitudinal stripes visible in most individuals, reaching from posterior edge of eye, extending into the caudal fin, but absent in few, possibly in cause of condition or duration of preservation. Dark interorbital stripe and a second dark stripe from anterior edge of eye to upper margin of upper lips visible in some specimens, but front of head often uniformly dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF138146F28EF986FD369D18" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF138146F28EF986FE5E9C61" bold="true" box="[199,441,1591,1616]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Breeding behaviour.</emphasis>
In aquaria, this species is a monogamous, pair bonding cave-spawner. Eggs are guarded by both sexes, but always more intensively and more often by the female. Hatching occurs after three days postspawn. Larvae are usually deposited on the bottom of the cave, rarely in other caves nearby the original cave. Juveniles are free swimming eight or nine days post-hatching and guarded by both parents for about five to six weeks. Breeding and guarding individuals of both sexes regularly exhibit a more prominent midlateral black stripe. This is typical for breeding and guarding specimens of both sexes in many other cave breeders within the chromidotilapiine lineage, especially in congeners.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58C9F3D9CF138146F287F882FBE19D41" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="106CA052CF138146F287F882FBE19D41" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF138146F287F882FE809D7D" bold="true" box="[206,359,1843,1868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</emphasis>
This species is only known from southwestern parts of 
<collectingCountry id="68C4E0C2CF138146F190F885FBCA9D7D" box="[985,1069,1844,1868]" name="Nigeria" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
and seems to be restricted to the 
<collectingCountry id="68C4E0C2CF138146F2DEF8E9FF309D41" box="[151,215,1880,1904]" name="Niger" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Niger</collectingCountry>
and Cross river systems. Detailed locality descriptions are not available.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58C9F3D9CF138146F28EF8CDFEFE9DED" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="106CA052CF138146F28EF8CDFEFE9DED" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF138146F28EF8CDFEA99DA5" bold="true" box="[199,334,1916,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Etymology.</emphasis>
Sacri from Latin 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF138146F05CF8CCFDB69DA5" box="[533,593,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">sacer</emphasis>
, meaning holy, and montis from Latin 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF138146F641F8CCFB729DA5" box="[1032,1173,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">mons/montis</emphasis>
meaning mountain - in total the name serves as a Latin translation for Heiligenberg, a 
<collectingCountry id="68C4E0C2CF138146F119F811FC4D9D89" box="[848,938,1952,1976]" name="Germany" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">German</collectingCountry>
biologist cited by Paulo in his description of the species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58C9F3D9CF128144F28EFF26FAF39BC5" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="106CA052CF128147F28EFF26FAB09B9D" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F28EFF26FEAB9A81" bold="true" box="[199,332,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Discussion.</emphasis>
The history of the name of 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F0EDFF29FC389A81" box="[676,991,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F0EDFF29FC389A81" box="[676,991,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pelvicachromis sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a somewhat confusing one. It was mentioned in Thys van den Audenaerde (1968) as 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F094FF0DFBFF9AE5" box="[733,1048,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F094FF0DFC6D9AE5" box="[733,906,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pelvicachromis</emphasis>
aff. 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F18BFF0DFBFF9AE5" box="[962,1048,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but also in the same paper as 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F7CEFF0CFF0A9AC9" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F7CEFF0CFF0A9AC9" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="CF681EF0CF128147F2BDFF51FEC39AC9" box="[244,292,224,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
2 and 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F339FF50FE1D9AC9" box="[368,506,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. pulcher—</emphasis>
B. This is in contrast to 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F14EFF50FC929AC9" box="[775,885,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. p u l c h e r</emphasis>
A and 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F182FF50FBDF9AC9" box="[971,1080,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. p u l c h e r</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="CF681EF0CF128147F60AFF51FB949AC9" box="[1091,1139,224,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
1—working titles in Thys van den Audenaerde (1968) referring to the species originally described by Boulenger in 1901 as 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F6ACFEB5FF0A9B71" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelmatochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F6ACFEB5FF0A9B71" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pelmatochromis pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F35AFE99FDFC9B71" box="[275,539,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F35AFE99FDFC9B71" box="[275,539,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pelvicachromis pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In the same paper 
<bibRefCitation id="7442DDA3CF128147F0B7FE96FC079B0E" author="Heiligenberg" box="[766,992,295,319]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" refString="Heiligenberg, W. (1965) Colour polymorphism in the males of an African cichlid fish. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 146, 95 - 97." type="journal article" year="1965">Heiligenberg (1965)</bibRefCitation>
was cited for the recognition, without a formal description, of the undescribed species as a polymorphic 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F123FEFDFBC69B55" box="[874,1057,332,356]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelmatochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F123FEFDFBC69B55" box="[874,1057,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pelmatochromis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with two color morphs in males and one in females. However, 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F07BFEC1FCDC9BB9" box="[562,827,368,392]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F07BFEC1FCDC9BB9" box="[562,827,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pelvicachromis pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
A was clearly identified by Thys van den Audenaerde (1968) as identical with the specimens of the 
<typeStatus id="CF681EF0CF128147F0DAFE24FD249B9C" box="[659,707,405,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
series of 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F179FE24FC7A9B9D" box="[816,925,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. p u l c h e r</emphasis>
, which can be confirmed by this study.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF128147F28EFE06FE27986E" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
Thys van den Audenaerde (1968) also wrote that his 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F15CFE08FC619BE1" box="[789,902,440,464]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F15CFE08FC619BE1" box="[789,902,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
B was a distinct species and had often occurred in the aquarium trade as “ 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F3F5FE6DFCF29BC5" box="[444,789,476,500]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelmatochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="camerunensis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F3F5FE6DFCF29BC5" box="[444,789,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pelmatochromis camerunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”, however, a valid description with use of this name had not been published. In subsequent years, the proper use of names for 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F1D0FDB0FBD09829" box="[921,1079,511,536]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F1D0FDB0FC409829" box="[921,935,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P</emphasis>
. aff. 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F1A8FDB1FBD09829" box="[993,1079,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was rare. Very often it has been imported as 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F369FD95FDCD980D" authority="Red" authorityName="Red" box="[288,554,548,572]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F369FD95FDCD980D" box="[288,554,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pelvicachromis pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
“Red”, also in scientific collections it has been mostly labelled as 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F744FD94FA9D980D" box="[1293,1402,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. p u l c h e r</emphasis>
or 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F2DEFDF8FED29851" box="[151,309,583,608]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F2DEFDF8FF429851" box="[151,165,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P</emphasis>
. aff. 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F296FDF9FED29851" box="[223,309,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(pers. obs.).
</paragraph>
<caption id="44ACF0DACF128147F2DEFACDFE839F80" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210785/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" targetBox="[302,1284,646,1382]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="106CA052CF128147F2DEFACDFE839F80" blockId="5.[151,1436,1404,1457]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F2DEFACDFEF29FA3" bold="true" box="[151,277,1404,1427]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Distribution map for 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F3B2FACFFD6B9FA2" box="[507,652,1406,1427]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F3B2FACFFD6B9FA2" box="[507,652,1406,1427]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on collection data of neotype and paraneotypes; unfilled dot = type locality for neotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF128147F28EFA6EFDC49DB3" blockId="5.[151,1436,1502,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
In 1977, 
<collectingCountry id="68C4E0C2CF128147F370FA6FFE749FC7" box="[313,403,1502,1526]" name="Germany" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">German</collectingCountry>
aquarist J. Paulo published an article in the monthly journal of the 
<collectingCountry id="68C4E0C2CF128147F6A8FA6FFADC9FC7" box="[1249,1339,1502,1526]" name="Germany" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">German</collectingCountry>
Cichlid Association (DCG-Info) that mainly dealt with general comments about the genus 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F60AF9B3FB109C2B" box="[1091,1271,1538,1562]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F60AF9B3FB149C2B" box="[1091,1267,1538,1562]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pelvicachromis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
with a special focus on the taxon 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F338F996FD2D9C0F" authority="Boulenger, 1911" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1911" box="[369,714,1574,1598]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kribensis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F338F996FE159C0F" box="[369,498,1574,1598]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. kribensis</emphasis>
(Boulenger, 1911)
</taxonomicName>
. In this paper, Paulo also discussed comments by Thys van den Audenaerde (1968) about 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F38BF9FAFDD29C53" box="[450,565,1610,1634]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F38BF9FAFDD29C53" box="[450,565,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
B and wrote that, this species now is known as 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F62AF9FBFA7B9C53" box="[1123,1436,1610,1634]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F62AF9FBFA7B9C53" box="[1123,1436,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pelvicachromis sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(original text: “…kennen wir heute als 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F033F9DFFC5F9CB7" box="[634,952,1646,1670]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F033F9DFFC5F9CB7" box="[634,952,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pelvicachromis sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(nach Heiligenberg)”). In the following passages of the article Paulo gave a rough description of the species based on coloration, always using the name in a scientific writing style. He also gave black and white pictures of the species, labelling these pictures as 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F7CEF906FEFD9CC3" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F7CEF906FEFD9CC3" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. He never gave any reference for the origin of this name. Therefore it is not clear if Paulo used this name by error or misinterpretation of a paper by Heiligenberg, or intentionally. Curiously, the name “ 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F744F94EFA779D27" box="[1293,1424,1791,1814]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F744F94EFA779D27" box="[1293,1424,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” is a Latin translation for the name of Heiligenberg. Whatever the case, this paper satisfies the requirements in effect at that time for a formal description of 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F037F8F6FCC49D6F" box="[638,803,1863,1886]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F037F8F6FCC49D6F" box="[638,803,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">P. sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, even though it is based on an iconotype and lacks morphometric data or a 
<typeStatus id="CF681EF0CF128147F3EDF8DAFE339DB2" box="[420,468,1899,1923]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
series.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF128144F28EF83FFEE69B71" blockId="5.[151,1436,1502,2030]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,500]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
Regarding Thys van den Audenaerde (1968) and the results of the present study, both species are nearly identical anatomically, but show some differences in coloration pattern, as also recognized by 
<bibRefCitation id="7442DDA3CF128147F68FF803FA7B9DFB" author="Heiligeberg" box="[1222,1436,1970,1994]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" refString="Heiligenberg, W. (1965) Colour polymorphism in the males of an African cichlid fish. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 146, 95 - 97." type="journal article" year="1965">Heiligeberg (1965)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="7442DDA3CF128147F280F867FE859DDF" author="Paulo" box="[201,354,2006,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" refString="Paulo, J. (1977) Anmerkungen zur Gattung Pelvicachromis, speziell zur Berechtigung des Taxons Pelvicachromis kribensis (Boulenger, 1911). DCG-Info, 8 (9), 161 - 168." type="journal article" year="1977">Paulo (1977)</bibRefCitation>
. Strongly conserved morphologies are common between 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF128147F1B1F867FB429DDF" box="[1016,1189,2006,2030]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF128147F1B1F867FB429DDF" box="[1016,1189,2006,2030]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pelvicachromis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, as shown in other publications as well; nevertheless, coloration differences are established as sometimes the only characters available to distinguish several species of the genus (e.g., 
<bibRefCitation id="7442DDA3CF118144F105FF0DFB919AE5" author="Lamboj" box="[844,1142,188,212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" refString="Lamboj, A. &amp; Stiassny, L. M. J. (2007) Pelvicachromis Thys van der Audenaerde 1968 In: Stiassny, L. M. J., Teugels, G. G. &amp; Hopkins, C. D. (Eds.), Poissons d'eaux douces et saumatres de basse Guinee, oust de l'Afrique centrale. Volume II, IRD / MNHN / MRAC, Paris, pp. 313 - 319." type="book chapter" year="2007">Lamboj &amp; Stiassny 2007</bibRefCitation>
). Some of the coloration patterns in 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF118144F35BFF50FE579AC9" box="[274,432,225,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF118144F35BFF50FE579AC9" box="[274,432,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">P. sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially the dorsal-fin coloration in females and the broad mid-lateral band can be seen as autapomorphic characters, occurring neither in any population or color morph of 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF118144F62DFEB4FB329B2D" box="[1124,1237,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">P. p ul c he r</emphasis>
nor in any other congener.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="106CA052CF118144F28EFEFDFAF39BC5" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">
Additionally, our observations and those of 
<bibRefCitation id="7442DDA3CF118144F089FEFDFCB39B55" author="Paulo" box="[704,852,332,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" refString="Paulo, J. (1977) Anmerkungen zur Gattung Pelvicachromis, speziell zur Berechtigung des Taxons Pelvicachromis kribensis (Boulenger, 1911). DCG-Info, 8 (9), 161 - 168." type="journal article" year="1977">Paulo (1977)</bibRefCitation>
demonstrate that hybridization between 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF118144F761FEFCFA7F9B55" box="[1320,1432,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">P. p u l c h e r</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF118144F28EFEC0FE809BB9" box="[199,359,369,392]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF118144F28EFEC0FE809BB9" box="[199,359,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">P. sacrimontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems not to occur, at least not under aquarium conditions. Also, preliminary results of an ongoing study of DNA-sequences in 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF118144F062FE25FD3F9B9D" box="[555,728,404,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF118144F062FE25FD3F9B9D" box="[555,728,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">Pelvicachromis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species reveal 20% differences in the mitochondrial proteincoding gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) and 17.3% in cytochrome 
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF118144F61AFE09FB869BE1" box="[1107,1121,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">b</emphasis>
(CytB). This supports the separation of these two species, and confirms the validity of 
<taxonomicName id="D7D3DBD1CF118144F174FE6DFAF79BC5" authority="Paulo (1977)" authorityName="Paulo" authorityYear="1977" box="[829,1296,476,500]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pelvicachromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sacrimontis">
<emphasis id="22A77C40CF118144F174FE6DFB929BC5" box="[829,1141,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">Pelvicachromis sacrimontis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7442DDA3CF118144F632FE6DFAF79BC5" author="Paulo" box="[1147,1296,476,500]" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" refString="Paulo, J. (1977) Anmerkungen zur Gattung Pelvicachromis, speziell zur Berechtigung des Taxons Pelvicachromis kribensis (Boulenger, 1911). DCG-Info, 8 (9), 161 - 168." type="journal article" year="1977">Paulo (1977)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>