262 lines
24 KiB
XML
262 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6462038" ID-GBIF-Dataset="32a5288c-916e-4166-9c8e-572c828203f1" ID-ISSN="2073-2333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6462038" checkinTime="1649772103218" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Radchenko, A. G. & Dlussky, G. M." docDate="2015" docId="960487E38F4B794CFF7F797D1A1FFDBF" docLanguage="en" docName="VestnikZoologii.49.4.311-316.pdf" docOrigin="Vestnik Zoologii 49 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/vzoo-2015-0033" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368.2:VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368" docStyleName="VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Tetramorium kulickae Radchenko & Dlussky 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="315" masterDocId="6A3DFF9B8F497948FFD97C2F1E39FF96" masterDocTitle="First Record Of Fossil Species Of The Genus Tetramorium (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="316" masterPageNumber="311" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" updateTime="1649964260026" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>First Record Of Fossil Species Of The Genus Tetramorium (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Radchenko, A. G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dlussky, G. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vestnik Zoologii</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2015-08-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>49</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>311</mods:start>
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<mods:end>316</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/vzoo-2015-0033</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1515/vzoo-2015-0033</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">32a5288c-916e-4166-9c8e-572c828203f1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2073-2333</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6452478</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6462038" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6462038" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:960487E38F4B794CFF7F797D1A1FFDBF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/960487E38F4B794CFF7F797D1A1FFDBF" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">
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<subSubSection box="[166,506,1362,1389]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[166,506,1362,1389]" box="[166,506,1362,1389]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">
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<heading box="[166,506,1362,1389]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName authority="Radchenko & Dlussky, 2015" authorityName="Radchenko & Dlussky" authorityYear="2015" box="[166,437,1362,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kulickae" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[166,437,1362,1389]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">Tetramorium kulickae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[444,506,1363,1389]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[166,1182,1419,1441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1182,1419,1441]" box="[166,1182,1419,1441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[166,1182,1419,1441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">
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<taxonomicName box="[166,338,1419,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-C">
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<emphasis box="[166,281,1419,1440]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">Leptothorax</emphasis>
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sp. C
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation author="Kosmowska-Ceranowicz, B." box="[346,679,1419,1441]" page="59" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation author="Kosmowska-Ceranowicz, B." box="[346,679,1419,1441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref3470" refString="Kosmowska-Ceranowicz, B., ed. 2001. The amber treasure trove. Part I. In: The Tadeusz Giecewicz's collection at the Museum of the Earth. Polish Academy of Science. Sadyba, Warsaw, 1 - 97." type="book chapter" year="2001">Kosmowska-Ceranowicz, 2001: 59</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName box="[688,871,1419,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-B">
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<emphasis box="[688,817,1420,1441]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">Tetramorium</emphasis>
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sp. B
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation author="Dlussky, G. M. & Rasnitsyn, A. P." box="[880,1179,1419,1441]" page="1032" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" year="2009">
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<bibRefCitation author="Dlussky, G. M. & Rasnitsyn, A. P." box="[880,1179,1419,1441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" pagination="1024 - 1042" refId="ref3420" refString="Dlussky, G. M., Rasnitsyn, A. P. 2009. Ants (Insecta: Vespida: Formicidae) in the Upper Eocene Amber of Central and Eastern Europe. Paleontological Journal, 43 (9), 1024 - 1042 [In Russian]." type="journal article" year="2009">Dlussky, Rasnitsyn, 2009: 1032</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="313" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,1462,1510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">
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M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d:
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<materialsCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="313" specimenCode="20246" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-worker="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCount box="[473,544,1462,1484]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" type="worker">worker</specimenCount>
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,
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<typeStatus box="[551,637,1462,1484]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">holotype</typeStatus>
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, No.
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<specimenCode box="[686,746,1462,1484]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">20246</specimenCode>
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, Muzeum Ziemi PAN, Baltic Amber, Gdansk-Stogi, Poland
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="313" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,1533,1848]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">E t y m o l o g y. The species is dedicated the memory of Polish palaeoentomologist, Dr. Róża Kulicka (1944–1999).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="314" pageId="2" pageNumber="313" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,1533,1848]" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">
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W o r k e r (
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<figureCitation box="[360,459,1597,1624]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,757,779]" captionTargetBox="[225,1163,179,739]" captionTargetId="figure-346@3.[220,1174,174,749]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3–5. Details of structure of Tetramorium kulickae sp. n., holotype, worker: 3 — mesosoma and head in profile; 4 — waist and gaster, dorsal view; 5 — antenna funiculus. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452484/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">fig. 3–5</figureCitation>
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). Head longer than broad, with subparallel sides, very feebly concave occipital margin and rounded occipital corners. Lateral portions of clypeus raised in both sides into a sharp shield-like ridge in front of antennal insertions, so that antennal sockets separated from clypeal surface. Eye well developed, of moderate size. Anterior clypeal margin convex. Antenna 12-segmented, with 3-segmented apical club, scape short, far not reaching occipital margin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,1533,1848]" lastBlockId="3.[174,1233,848,1163]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="314" pageId="2" pageNumber="313">
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Mesosoma low (ML/MH 2.89), with distinct but shallow metanotal groove, promesonotum somewhat flattened. Propodeum with blunt denticles. Petiole with quite long peduncle, strongly concave anterior surface, its node not high, with widely rounded dorsum (PL/PW 1.17, PL/
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<collectingCountry box="[482,520,880,906]" name="Philippines" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">PH</collectingCountry>
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1.40) Postpetiole subglobular (PPL/PPW 1.00).
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452484" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6452484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452484/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" startId="3.[174,207,757,779]" targetBox="[225,1163,179,739]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,757,806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">
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Fig. 3–5. Details of structure of
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<taxonomicName authority="Radchenko & Dlussky, 2015" authorityName="Radchenko & Dlussky" authorityYear="2015" box="[489,703,758,779]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kulickae" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis box="[489,703,758,779]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">Tetramorium kulickae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[711,766,757,779]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, holotype, worker: 3 — mesosoma and head in profile; 4 — waist and gaster, dorsal view; 5 — antenna funiculus. Scale bar 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,848,1163]" box="[227,749,912,939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">Spurs on the mid and hind tibia are obscure.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,848,1163]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">Whole mesosoma with quite coarse longitudinal, slightly sinuous rugosity. Sculpture on head barely visible, but head seems to be longitudinally rugose; petiolar and postpetiolar nodes seem to be coarsely punctated. Mesosomal dorsum with long, thin erect hairs.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,848,1163]" box="[227,555,1040,1067]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">
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Total length ca
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<quantity box="[409,551,1040,1067]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.7 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,848,1163]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">
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Measurements (in mm): ML 0.81, MH 0.28, PL 0.21,
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<collectingCountry box="[838,877,1073,1099]" name="Philippines" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">PH</collectingCountry>
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0.15, PW 0.18, PPL 0.15, PPW 0.15.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,848,1163]" box="[227,642,1136,1163]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">Queen and male unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,386,1200,1226]" box="[174,386,1200,1226]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">
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<heading box="[174,386,1200,1226]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" reason="4">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[174,386,1200,1226]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">Taxonomic notes</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,1264,1835]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">
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<bibRefCitation author="Kosmowska-Ceranowicz, B." box="[227,602,1264,1291]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref3470" refString="Kosmowska-Ceranowicz, B., ed. 2001. The amber treasure trove. Part I. In: The Tadeusz Giecewicz's collection at the Museum of the Earth. Polish Academy of Science. Sadyba, Warsaw, 1 - 97." type="book chapter" year="2001">Kosmowska-Ceranowicz (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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recorded two species from the Baltic Amber collected near Gdansk (Stogi) in the Catalogue of amber collection of Tadeusz Giecewicz, deposited in the Museum of the Earth. Their collecting numbers fully correspond with those of
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<taxonomicName box="[174,379,1361,1386]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paparamatum">
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<emphasis box="[174,379,1361,1386]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">T. paparamatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Radchenko & Dlussky" authorityYear="2015" box="[449,582,1360,1386]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kulickae">
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<emphasis box="[449,582,1360,1386]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">T. kulickae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and determined by her as
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<taxonomicName authority="Radchenko & Dlussky, 2015" authorityName="Radchenko & Dlussky" authorityYear="2015" box="[936,1094,1361,1386]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis box="[936,1094,1361,1386]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">Tetramorium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1107,1175,1361,1387]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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and
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<taxonomicName box="[174,356,1392,1419]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis box="[174,315,1392,1418]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">Leptothorax</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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, respectively.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,1264,1835]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">
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<bibRefCitation author="Dlussky, G. M. & Rasnitsyn, A. P." box="[227,535,1424,1451]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" pagination="1024 - 1042" refId="ref3420" refString="Dlussky, G. M., Rasnitsyn, A. P. 2009. Ants (Insecta: Vespida: Formicidae) in the Upper Eocene Amber of Central and Eastern Europe. Paleontological Journal, 43 (9), 1024 - 1042 [In Russian]." type="journal article" year="2009">Dlussky, Rasnitsyn (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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recorded three undescribed species of this genus from the Baltic and
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<collectingRegion box="[299,377,1457,1483]" country="Ukraine" name="Rivne" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">Rovno</collectingRegion>
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ambers. Two of them from Baltic amber we described above, but record from the
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<collectingRegion box="[283,361,1489,1515]" country="Ukraine" name="Rivne" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">Rovno</collectingRegion>
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amber was based on misidentification, and we identify now this specimen as
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<taxonomicName authority="Dlussky et Radchenko, 2006" authorityName="Dlussky et Radchenko" authorityYear="2006" box="[204,814,1520,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Fallomyrma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversa">
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<emphasis box="[204,472,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">Fallomyrma transversa</emphasis>
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Dlussky et Radchenko, 2006
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,1264,1835]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">
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<bibRefCitation author="Radchenko, A. G." box="[227,458,1552,1579]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" pagination="39 - 49" refId="ref3554" refString="Radchenko, A. G. 1992 a. Ants of the genus Tetramorium of the fauna of USSR. Communication 1. Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 71 (8), 39 - 49 [In Russian]." type="journal article" year="1992">Radchenko (1992 a</bibRefCitation>
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, b) established six species groups for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Radchenko & Dlussky" authorityYear="2015" box="[906,1064,1553,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[906,1064,1553,1578]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">Tetramorium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of the former USSR. One of them,
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<emphasis box="[432,513,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">inerme</emphasis>
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group, is characterized by the relatively small queens with flattened scutum and scutellum, scutum is narrowed anteriorly so that anterio-lateral angles of pronotum are visible from above. Additionally, body sculpture in queens and workers reduced, head dorsum and mesosoma mostly smooth or at most with the fine striation. We placed
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<taxonomicName authority="Radchenko & Dlussky, 2015" authorityName="Radchenko & Dlussky" authorityYear="2015" box="[257,452,1713,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paraarmatum" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis box="[257,452,1713,1738]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">T. paraarmatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[459,520,1713,1739]" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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to this group.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,1264,1835]" lastBlockId="4.[166,1225,175,554]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">
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The species of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[396,513,1745,1770]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitum">
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<emphasis box="[396,513,1745,1770]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="314">caespitum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group have much bigger queens, their scutum distinctly convex, not narrowed anteriorly, so that anterio-lateral angles of pronotum covered by scutum and invisible or very barely visible from above. Body sculpture of queens and workers well developed, head dorsum and mesosoma longitudinally rugulose, while this sculpture in not very coarse. Since we described
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<taxonomicName authority="Radchenko & Dlussky, 2015" authorityName="Radchenko & Dlussky" authorityYear="2015" box="[543,671,207,233]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kulickae" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis box="[543,671,207,233]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">T. kulickae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[678,741,208,234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
based on workers, we tentatively place it to this group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[166,1225,175,554]" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">
|
||
Based on the main diagnostic features, e. g., the body size, the shape of mesosoma, the reduced body sculpture, presence of distinct propodeal teeth,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Radchenko & Dlussky, 2015" authorityName="Radchenko & Dlussky" authorityYear="2015" box="[910,1108,304,329]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paraarmatum" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[910,1108,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">T. paraarmatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1117,1181,304,330]" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
resembles modern species
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1927" box="[453,594,336,361]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[453,594,336,361]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">T. armatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. At the same time,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Radchenko & Dlussky, 2015" authorityName="Radchenko & Dlussky" authorityYear="2015" box="[817,944,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kulickae" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[817,944,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">T. kulickae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[950,1011,336,362]" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is similar to modern species of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[330,611,368,393]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[330,611,368,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">Tetramorium caespitum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, e. g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[759,907,368,393]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[759,907,368,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">T. caespitum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[913,952,367,394]" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" sensu="lato">s. l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Foerster, 1850)" baseAuthorityName="Foerster" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impurum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[963,1104,368,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">T. impurum</emphasis>
|
||
(Foerster, 1850)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Roszler, 1935" authorityName="Roszler" authorityYear="1935" box="[272,611,399,426]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hungaricum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[272,445,399,425]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">T. hungaricum</emphasis>
|
||
Röszler, 1935
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nevertheless, we do not think that modern ant species might exist in the Late Eocene, what is supported by the all existing data. For example, several fossil Late Eocene amber ant species are very similar to modern ones, e. g. extinct
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Mayr, 1868" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1868" box="[166,465,495,522]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flori">
|
||
<emphasis box="[166,320,495,521]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">Formica flori</emphasis>
|
||
Mayr, 1868
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to extant
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[590,873,495,522]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis box="[590,681,495,521]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">F. fusca</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Mayr, 1868" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schiefferdeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[886,1145,495,521]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">Lasius schiefferdeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
Mayr, 1868
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[260,534,527,554]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
|
||
<emphasis box="[260,347,528,553]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="315">L. niger</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, etc., but no one doubts their heterospecifity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |