126 lines
13 KiB
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126 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="AF19B1FA7624A79324A756CBAF8E438C">Juan Cristobal Gundlach's collections of Puerto Rican birds with special regard to types</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F76C2A22E7A55137BE7B628E0239EDC">Frahnert, Sylke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5A1236F026EE96B075281BDD98DEFF38">Roman, Rafaela Aguilera</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D6834D20629B08C8C214C38173AC6DFB">Eckhoff, Pascal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="93BC878624E3B9E9A181FFEF0FA6B3E9">Wiley, James W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="61F8A49E89AD4AE8E67F69F4AB7620ED">Zoosystematics and Evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B478341E5C9048F0A41C9F85FB6841A4">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6DB0640F66AA23FAF06BABF598BCB8D0">91</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="1FB4B4556C6B30B5480FB1BA68D74D95">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.91.5550</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C55807BCC77905ACF574CA77B02DCB01">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4AED2EB31B2D5B994E95904844928B8E" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.91.5550</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="8E6CCDFF76C32FFD7C6B1C47653AEBC8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127870144" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8E6CCDFF76C32FFD7C6B1C47653AEBC8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8E6CCDFF76C32FFD7C6B1C47653AEBC8" lastPageNumber="184" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">
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<subSubSection id="9EC9D7E43BF73C5478003F1F269102CE" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="7A7030127C1A86B92C38A9A67C971957" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">Taxon classification Animalia Passeriformes Thraupidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="32295BED25446BB1C79B6530030FFF24" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="660FF82BBBD86BA104E5EF48C057B207" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">
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<taxonomicName id="34E1455AAA3885EA92375D250ECA392F" authority="Lawrence" class="Aves" family="Passerellidae" genus="Chlorospingus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlorospingus speculiferus" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speculiferus">Chlorospingus speculiferus Lawrence</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F3F02C980A9F757A32952FBD60995768" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="DAA95F63EB53FD657837F1043CBD7A3F" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">
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<taxonomicName id="5074A17869B897A90E0087F8C3559F91" class="Aves" family="Passerellidae" genus="Chlorospingus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlorospingus speculiferus" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speculiferus">Chlorospingus speculiferus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="AC4E6DB1C7E7D693F7243A0E9476379A" author="Lawrence, GN" journalOrPublisher="Ibis" pageId="10" pageNumber="187" pagination="383 - 387" title="Descriptions of five new species of American birds." url="10.1111/j.1474-919x.1875.tb05985.x" volume="5" year="1875">Lawrence 1875</bibRefCitation>
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: 383.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D98221C535B57323145B5E7323EC8A20" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" type="now">
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<paragraph id="DFA88CEB2FE9E6859165BB0591AA8678" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">Now.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1C91BD763436043630DC65E199010D99" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">
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<taxonomicName id="60FE30B5DE699163BAF6A9AC8E38C3C4" class="Aves" family="Nesospingidae" genus="Nesospingus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesospingus speculiferus" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speculiferus">Nesospingus speculiferus</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C6C8493A681294FDE0FB2A0FD73A1933" author="Lawrence, GN" journalOrPublisher="Ibis" pageId="10" pageNumber="187" pagination="383 - 387" title="Descriptions of five new species of American birds." url="10.1111/j.1474-919x.1875.tb05985.x" volume="5" year="1875">Lawrence 1875</bibRefCitation>
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): 383. See
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<bibRefCitation id="FCC4111CC6741CD866313A26A13E02CC" author="Cory, CB" journalOrPublisher="Estes & Lauriat, Boston" pageId="10" pageNumber="187" title="The birds of the West Indies. Including all species known to occur in the Bahama Islands, the Greater Antilles, the Caymans, and the Lesser Antilles, excepting the islands of Tobago and Trinidad" year="1889">Cory (1889</bibRefCitation>
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: 86).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5F7A05E01356021D30B5F0ABBCDCE35B" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" type="type series">
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<paragraph id="CF71C11B76533B26786E340EA84CBA6A" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">Type series.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E2EB9B5C1BEA0FF26A4CBB637283E238" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">
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<bibRefCitation id="A806B306240B9BA27D15E0E57D131E94" author="Lawrence, GN" journalOrPublisher="Ibis" pageId="10" pageNumber="187" pagination="383 - 387" title="Descriptions of five new species of American birds." url="10.1111/j.1474-919x.1875.tb05985.x" volume="5" year="1875">Lawrence (1875)</bibRefCitation>
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described this species and attributed its discovery to Gundlach, but
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<bibRefCitation id="777487CD9681F9F8D5496BBBAA586237" author="Gundlach, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal fuer Ornithologie" pageId="10" pageNumber="187" pagination="157 - 194" title="Neue Beitraege zur Ornithologie der Insel Portorico." url="10.1007/BF02004185" volume="26" year="1878 b">Gundlach (1878b)</bibRefCitation>
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corrected this, stating that the specimen was collected by
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<normalizedToken id="32B9ED7F5438491B4222FF6FD3208EEA" originalValue="Tomás">Tomas</normalizedToken>
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Blanco y
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<normalizedToken id="CB434B1A7B0F7C9B15A0EF6DA693E602" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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in Puerto Rico. Gundlach most probably received the specimen from Blanco in 1868. He later transferred it to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D. C. (today USNM) and there Gundlach was given as collector. As
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<bibRefCitation id="24CBBFF17A2605C0A51585E8B4FACF89" author="Lawrence, GN" journalOrPublisher="Ibis" pageId="10" pageNumber="187" pagination="383 - 387" title="Descriptions of five new species of American birds." url="10.1111/j.1474-919x.1875.tb05985.x" volume="5" year="1875">Lawrence (1875)</bibRefCitation>
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wrote "Type in National Museum, Washington", the type series consists of only one specimen which is the only available specimen of that species at the USNM "collected by Gundlach" and is therefore the holotype. An additional specimen of this species from the Gundlach collection is housed at the ZMB (ZMB 24887), but it was collected by Stahl between 1878 and 1880 and was sent directly from Gundlach to Berlin. It is therefore not part of the type series.
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<bibRefCitation id="195FEC2C6BF2CD37B55D536EADC5B9D9" author="LeCroy, M" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="10" pageNumber="187" pagination="1 - 178" title="Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History, Part 10. Passeriformes: Emberizidae." volume="333" year="2012">LeCroy (2012)</bibRefCitation>
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noted that a further specimen at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH 3262) has a type label for
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<taxonomicName id="26B95F4F52DC215984DFDFAFDCD4AC12" class="Aves" family="Passerellidae" genus="Chlorospingus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlorospingus speculiferus" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speculiferus">Chlorospingus speculiferus</taxonomicName>
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. But she did not consider it as a type specimen because it is not dated and Gundlach is not indicated clearly as the collector. We follow this argument. It appears that Gundlach never collected this species himself.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="998D099E5E7925C9952D9712E7ED7A4F" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="8FACACC7517CAFC4630855EC9A6F108F" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2FA04883520C722C81D6365AA12504EC" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">
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USNM 75331, skin, unsexed, collected by
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<normalizedToken id="6FC387569B8224C7AB83173418D0943B" originalValue="Tomás">Tomas</normalizedToken>
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Blanco y
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<normalizedToken id="797D7AB75A8445D9137FC6C68913B30A" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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on Puerto Rico [in the period 1863-1868].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0E0D11BE58E92BEDBB2919AEC8E263A6" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="C126708FBF26E0BE166697BE9F265C12" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="43C16976ECAB7412FC8A11E101E326E8" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">Porto Rico [today Puerto Rico], no further details available.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="85001756E88A2C0406F5B91877A05F07" pageId="7" pageNumber="184" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="718ACB16E82801306656BC760CEB51AD" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="035DA6033A39E08A0E9F14B2B41F0B1F" pageId="7" pageNumber="184">
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The specimen was catalogued at the USNM on 18 October 1878, but Lawrence previously wrote in the description in 1875 that the specimen was housed in the National Museum, Washington. We do not know when the specimen arrived at the USNM. It may be that it remained there uncatalogued until the discussion about the type with Gundlach started in 1877. As it is the only specimen of this species collected by
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<normalizedToken id="A6BCC580A798123BD82F443DC313BFA2" originalValue="“Gundlach”">"Gundlach"</normalizedToken>
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at the USNM, we believe that USNM 75331 should be the type specimen.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |