279 lines
36 KiB
XML
279 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="121B6B5C504B53D3118DE578280BA013" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.211022" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fc7d5cb4-2741-48de-b2c9-940d17bd6bab" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="211022" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460456526019" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Berning, Björn" docDate="2012" docId="8B497008BE7FFFC6AE8CF990FD13FB29" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03236p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3236" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Plesiocleidochasma Soule, Soule & Chaney 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="77700870BE74FFCAAE1BFFEDFF82FFC1" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on some Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from Madeira" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="36" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1698302244175" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="352616BB3D61E5C298018F8BBCF5745D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="EE83BD990269BCA8AE34C75C7C8FB221">
|
||
<mods:title id="49DFA940B667220AAB6A7B7CD9CB0888">Taxonomic notes on some Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from Madeira</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="E0BCF5FB6C7F078D11D30C628747888D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="44D377731399FB297F159701E725AEA8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="58D7B0A5BF653494D1BAD79502DB35BD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="E7E7F1C8D3B1738C3F724A1FE87B0315">Berning, Björn</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="BD56E6AFFE3BF8D8DD73AA48B247F159">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="579FE07D86657E2C4968B88D8C8C3ED4" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="129BEDBE3D76B350B6A936F1C527E986">
|
||
<mods:title id="4E5B64344552712BA0B763AC4F1F51BE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="A934D7E8F6D9858DC937D47B2C3B1244">
|
||
<mods:date id="DCEA9B5B6C4DB4EBF4E67988DD871B54">2012</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="2FF9CCD8976C5159103DBB295320C3EC" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="B572A5505631907A01C519D1D2CEB32E">3236</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="C6F63537AC5A9C38754F73F7F43339D6" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="3DA8FC4D2321346A588A19E1209BF210">36</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="F039D15553D399D196B8237CFBB7421E">54</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="E5625F13CD356505DE7610C4B9CCACA5">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7B65141FD6D0DE38E1CE9959AF23AF92" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.211022</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7E77C36210A664F08E19B44553BF50E0" type="GBIF-Dataset">fc7d5cb4-2741-48de-b2c9-940d17bd6bab</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C91F5B4F90DD791D2E5C4D208DAA5EC3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="92F70A2AEC6A01294826CFFB5356D6F8" type="Zenodo-Dep">211022</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="8B497008BE7FFFC6AE8CF990FD13FB29" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5667284" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119511109" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5667284" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B497008BE7FFFC6AE8CF990FD13FB29" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8B497008BE7FFFC6AE8CF990FD13FB29" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BFA9295BE7FFFC1AE8CF990FCCAF956" box="[151,840,1661,1687]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="035FC11EBE7FFFC1AE8CF990FCCAF956" blockId="11.[151,840,1661,1687]" box="[151,840,1661,1687]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<heading id="58177672BE7FFFC1AE8CF990FCCAF956" bold="true" box="[151,840,1661,1687]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE7FFFC1AE8CF990FCCAF956" bold="true" box="[151,840,1661,1687]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE7FFFC1AEF5F990FCCAF956" ID-CoL="84SMH" authority="Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991" authorityName="Soule, Soule & Chaney" authorityYear="1991" box="[238,840,1661,1687]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE7FFFC1AEF5F990FE5EF956" bold="true" box="[238,476,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Plesiocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE7FFFC1AFF8F990FCCAF956" author="Soule" box="[483,840,1661,1687]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. (Ed.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter" year="1991">Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BFA9295BE7FFFC1AE8CF928FCBCF8D9" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="035FC11EBE7FFFC1AE8CF928FCA7F91B" blockId="11.[151,1012,1732,1816]" box="[151,805,1732,1755]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="23F0E630BE7FFFC1AE8CF928FCA7F91B" box="[151,805,1732,1755]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE7FFFC1AE8CF928FDD2F91B" ID-CoL="84SMH" authority="Soule et al., 1991: 474" authorityName="Soule et al." authorityPageNumber="474" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,592,1732,1755]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE7FFFC1AE8CF928FEE3F91A" box="[151,353,1733,1755]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Plesiocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8241E70FBE7FFFC1AF73F929FDD2F91B" author="Soule" box="[360,592,1732,1755]" page="474" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE7FFFC1AF73F929FD9FF91B" author="Soule" box="[360,541,1732,1755]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. (Ed.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter" year="1991">
|
||
Soule
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE7FFFC1AFBCF92BFE59F91A" box="[423,475,1733,1755]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 474
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8241E70FBE7FFFC1AC41F929FCA3F91B" author="Tilbrook" box="[602,801,1732,1754]" page="290" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" year="2006">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE7FFFC1AC41F929FD6CF91B" author="Tilbrook" box="[602,750,1732,1754]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (2006) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Monographs, 4, 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="2006">Tilbrook 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 290
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="035FC11EBE7FFFC1AE8CF90EFCBCF8D9" blockId="11.[151,1012,1732,1816]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="23F0E630BE7FFFC1AE8CF90EFCBCF8D9" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE7FFFC1AE8CF90EFDCDF938" ID-CoL="fbc511cb-4e6c-42fe-9beb-b693c187beff" authority="Soule et al., 1991: 480" authorityName="Soule et al." authorityPageNumber="480" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,591,1763,1785]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Schedocleidochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE7FFFC1AE8CF90EFEE5F938" box="[151,359,1763,1785]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Schedocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8241E70FBE7FFFC1AF77F90EFDCDF938" author="Soule" box="[364,591,1763,1785]" page="480" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE7FFFC1AF77F90EFD9FF938" author="Soule" box="[364,541,1763,1785]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. (Ed.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter" year="1991">
|
||
Soule
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE7FFFC1AFB0F909FE5FF938" box="[427,477,1763,1785]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 480
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8241E70FBE7FFFC1AC42F90EFC99F938" author="Tilbrook" box="[601,795,1763,1785]" page="293" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" year="2006">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE7FFFC1AC42F90EFD68F938" author="Tilbrook" box="[601,746,1763,1785]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (2006) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Monographs, 4, 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="2006">Tilbrook 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 293
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8241E70FBE7FFFC1AD3EF90EFC6DF938" author="Zagorsek" box="[805,1007,1763,1785]" page="166" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE7FFFC1AD3EF90EFC3CF938" author="Zagorsek" box="[805,958,1763,1785]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Zagorsek, K. (2010) Bryozoa from the Langhian (Miocene) of the Czech Republic. Part II: Systematic description of the subor- der Ascophora Levinsen, 1909 and paleoecological reconstruction of the studied paleoenvironment. Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, ser. B, Historia Naturalis, 66, 139 - 255." type="journal article" year="2010">Zágoršek 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 166
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="DC5B7FBCBE7FFFC1AE8CF8EEFF4AF8D9" box="[151,200,1795,1816]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE7FFFC1AF3DF8EFFE72F8D9" box="[294,496,1794,1816]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="porcellana">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE7FFFC1AF3DF8EFFE72F8D9" box="[294,496,1794,1816]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Lepralia porcellana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE7FFFC1AFEDF8EEFCB8F8D9" authority="Livingstone, 1926" authorityName="Livingstone" authorityYear="1926" box="[502,826,1794,1816]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" rank="variety" variety="normani">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE7FFFC1AC39F8EEFDFAF8D9" box="[546,632,1795,1816]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">normani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE7FFFC1AC65F8EFFCB8F8D9" author="Livingstone" box="[638,826,1794,1816]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Livingstone, A. A. (1926) Studies on Australian Bryozoa. No. 3. Records of the Australian Museum, 15, 79 - 99." type="journal article" year="1926">Livingstone, 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BFA9295BE7FFFC6AE8CF8A9FF49FE49" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="035FC11EBE7FFFC6AE8CF8A9FF49FE49" blockId="11.[151,1436,1860,2029]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,1256]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE7FFFC1AE8CF8A9FE1BF89C" bold="true" box="[151,409,1860,1885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis (amended).</emphasis>
|
||
Colony encrusting uni- to multilaminar, multiserial. Zooecia ovoid, hexagonal or polygonal, few distal pore-chambers present; frontal shield imperforate except for a few marginal areolar pores; secondary calcification during ontogeny may be extensive, obscuring surficial primary features. Primary orifice cleithridiate, poster with smooth inner rim (not beaded) forming strong proximally directed condyles, anter rounded or bluntly arrow-shaped; oral spines usually present in young zooids only. Ovicell globose, hyperstomial, ooecium imperforate with calcified ectooecium quickly covered and disguised by hypercalcification of distal zooid(s); proximal ooecial margin variably shaped, often with lateral incisions and a central ectooecial fenestra of different shape and size, occasionally with horizontal bars merging medially to form a labellum; not closed by operculum. Avicularia adventitious, single or paired, mono- or dimorphic, generally situated close to orifice, rostrum usually acute, seldom wide and/or rounded distally, with a variably developed internal shelf that may form a triangular or trifoliate distal opesia; crossbar usually complete and with ligula. Ancestrula tatiform with well-developed proximal gymnocyst.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BFA9295BE78FFC6AED2FE79FD13FB29" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="035FC11EBE78FFC6AED2FE79FEF8FC06" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AED2FE79FEBFFE6D" bold="true" box="[201,317,404,428]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AF5EFE79FC0BFE6D" authority="Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991" authorityName="Soule, Soule & Chaney" authorityYear="1991" box="[325,905,404,428]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Schedocleidochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AF5EFE79FDB2FE6D" box="[325,560,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Schedocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AC23FE79FC0BFE6D" author="Soule" box="[568,905,404,428]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. (Ed.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter" year="1991">Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="DC5B7FBCBE78FFC6AD82FE79FC49FE6D" box="[921,971,404,428]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AA36FE79FDAFFE0E" authority="Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991" authorityName="Soule, Soule & Chaney" authorityYear="1991" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Schedocleidochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="porcellaniforme">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AA36FE79FF5AFE11" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Schedocleidochasma porcellaniforme</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AEC4FE5AFDAFFE0E" author="Soule" box="[223,557,439,463]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. (Ed.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter" year="1991">Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is here synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AD79FE55FA15FE0E" authority="Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991" authorityName="Soule, Soule & Chaney" authorityYear="1991" box="[866,1431,439,464]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AD79FE55FBC0FE11" box="[866,1090,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Plesiocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AA52FE5AFA15FE0E" author="Soule" box="[1097,1431,439,463]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. (Ed.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter" year="1991">Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was introduced earlier in the same publication.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6ACE0FE31FC4FFE35" box="[763,973,476,500]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. (Ed.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter">
|
||
Soule
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AD58FE30FCFEFE35" box="[835,892,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1991)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
distinguished these genera mainly based on presumed differences in formation of the proximal ooecial margin. Whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AA3DFDEDFA84FDD9" box="[1062,1286,512,536]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AA3DFDEDFA84FDD9" box="[1062,1286,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Plesiocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a simple median labellum framed by lateral incisions, the labellum in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AD5BFDC9FBA9FDFD" box="[832,1067,548,572]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Schedocleidochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AD5BFDC9FBA9FDFD" box="[832,1067,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Schedocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is produced by lateral horizontal bars merging in the centre, leaving a transverse, slit-like fenestra. However, in several species there are intermediate stages between these morphological ‘end-members’. For instance, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6ADD4FD81FE61FD66" authority="Chimenz, Gusso & Soule, 2003" authorityName="Chimenz, Gusso & Soule" authorityYear="2003" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mediterraneum">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6ADD4FD81FAE0FD45" box="[975,1378,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Plesiocleidochasma mediterraneum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AB71FD81FE61FD66" author="Chimenz" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Chimenz Gusso, C. & Soule, D. F. (2003) First recognized occurrence of the genus Plesiocleidochasma in the Mediterranean region (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) with Plesiocleidochasma mediterraneum, new species. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Botanica Zoologia, 27, 71 - 76." type="journal article" year="2003">Chimenz, Gusso & Soule, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there is a small median fenestra in the labellum, which would rather place it in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AE8CFD59FE00FD0D" box="[151,386,692,716]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Schedocleidochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AE8CFD59FE00FD0D" box="[151,386,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Schedocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but which is covered during ontogeny, and only then resembles the characteristic imperforate labellum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AF3DFD35FD84FD31" box="[294,518,728,752]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AF3DFD35FD84FD31" box="[294,518,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Plesiocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6ACBEFD35FB95FD2E" authority="Busk, 1860" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1860" box="[677,1047,727,752]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="porcellana">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6ACBEFD35FC0BFD31" box="[677,905,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Lepralia porcellana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AD8FFD3AFB95FD2E" author="Busk" box="[916,1047,727,751]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Busk, G. (1860) Catalogue of the Polyzoa collected by J. Y. Johnson, Esq., at Madeira in the years 1859 and 1860, with descriptions of the new species. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 8, 280 - 285." type="journal article" year="1860">Busk, 1860</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below), originally placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AE8CFD11FE00FCD5" box="[151,386,764,788]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Schedocleidochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AE8CFD11FE00FCD5" box="[151,386,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Schedocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AFABFD11FD08FCD5" box="[432,650,764,788]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. (Ed.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter">
|
||
Soule
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AFE1FD10FDB6FCD5" box="[506,564,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1991)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, does have a central fenestra, which is, however, small and rounded rather than slit-like, while lateral bars were not observed to contribute to the formation of the fenestra. Moreover, the lateral incisions are absent or only very faintly developed in this species. It thus appears that a range of different morphologies of the proximal ooecial margin exist in this species group and that a clear dividing line between taxa cannot be drawn.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7BF7818EBE78FFC6AF79FC61FE03FC65" box="[354,385,908,932]" name="American Samoa" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
all other characters are identical or interchangeable, the separation of these genera is, in my opinion, unjustified.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="035FC11EBE78FFC6AED2FC39FEE2FBF5" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">
|
||
The generic diagnosis is therefore amended to include characters hitherto reserved for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AAB1FC39FA17FC2D" box="[1194,1429,980,1004]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Schedocleidochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AAB1FC39FA17FC2D" box="[1194,1429,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Schedocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Information on the ancestrula, which has been figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AD3BFC1AFB3EFBCE" author="Pizzaferri" box="[800,1212,1015,1039]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Pizzaferri, C. & Berning, B. (2007) Taxonomic notes on some cheilostome Bryozoa from the Pliocene of the Western Emilia region (N Italy). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 113, 97 - 108." type="journal article" year="2007">Pizzaferri & Berning (2007: fig. 4A)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for the first time, is also incorporated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="035FC11EBE78FFC6AED2FBACFD13FB29" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Recent species included in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AC61FBADFCD8FB99" box="[634,858,1088,1112]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AC61FBADFCD8FB99" box="[634,858,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">Plesiocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AD8CFBACFA83FB99" authority="Livingstone, 1926" authorityName="Livingstone" authorityYear="1926" box="[919,1281,1088,1112]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="normani">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AD8CFBACFB96FB99" box="[919,1044,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">P. normani</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AA3EFBADFB7BFB99" author="Livingstone" box="[1061,1273,1088,1112]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Livingstone, A. A. (1926) Studies on Australian Bryozoa. No. 3. Records of the Australian Museum, 15, 79 - 99." type="journal article" year="1926">Livingstone, 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AB14FBACFEECFBBD" authority="Smitt, 1873" authorityName="Smitt" authorityYear="1873" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cleidostomum" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AB14FBACFF4FFBBD" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">P. cleidostomum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AEC4FB89FEE4FBBD" author="Smitt" box="[223,358,1124,1148]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Smitt, F. A. (1873) Floridan Bryozoa, collected by Count L. F. de Pourtales, Part II. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 11, 3 - 83." type="journal article" year="1873">Smitt, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2AA7A077BE78FFC6AF63FB89FE62FBBD" box="[376,480,1124,1148]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AF63FB89FE62FBBD" bold="true" box="[376,480,1124,1148]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">n. comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AFEAFB88FCE8FBBD" authority="Canu & Bassler, 1929" authorityName="Canu & Bassler" authorityYear="1929" box="[497,874,1124,1148]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AFEAFB88FDCDFBBD" box="[497,591,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">P. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AC44FB89FCE0FBBD" author="Canu" box="[607,866,1124,1148]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S. (1929) Bryozoa of the Philippine region. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 100, 1 - 685." type="journal article" year="1929">Canu & Bassler, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AD63FB88FAFEFBBD" authority="Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991" authorityName="Soule, Soule & Chaney" authorityYear="1991" box="[888,1404,1124,1148]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="immersum" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AD63FB88FB88FBBD" box="[888,1034,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">P. immersum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AA06FB89FAF6FBBD" author="Soule" box="[1053,1396,1124,1148]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. (Ed.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter" year="1991">Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2AA7A077BE78FFC6AB9EFB89FF5DFB61" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AB9EFB89FF5DFB61" bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">n. comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AEF5FB64FD99FB61" authority="Harmer, 1957" authorityName="Harmer" authorityYear="1957" box="[238,539,1160,1184]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="laterale">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AEF5FB64FEE0FB61" box="[238,354,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">P. laterale</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AF69FB65FD90FB61" author="Harmer" box="[370,530,1160,1184]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition, Part IV. Cheilostomata, Ascophora. II. Siboga Expeditie, 28 d, 641 - 1147." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AC3CFB64FBD8FB61" authority="Chimenz Gusso & Soule, 2003" authorityName="Chimenz Gusso & Soule" authorityYear="2003" box="[551,1114,1160,1184]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mediterraneum">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AC3CFB64FD6DFB61" box="[551,751,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">P. mediterraneum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6ACECFB65FBD8FB61" author="Chimenz" box="[759,1114,1160,1184]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Chimenz Gusso, C. & Soule, D. F. (2003) First recognized occurrence of the genus Plesiocleidochasma in the Mediterranean region (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) with Plesiocleidochasma mediterraneum, new species. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Botanica Zoologia, 27, 71 - 76." type="journal article" year="2003">Chimenz Gusso & Soule, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AA7DFB64FEA1FB05" authority="Hayward & Cook, 1983" authorityName="Hayward & Cook" authorityYear="1983" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="perspicuum" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AA7DFB64FA84FB61" box="[1126,1286,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">P. perspicuum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AB0DFB65FE99FB05" author="Hayward" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Hayward, P. J. & Cook, P. L. (1983) The South African Museum's Meiring Naude Cruises. Part 13. Bryozoa II. Annals of the South African Museum, 91, 1 - 161." type="journal article" year="1983">Hayward & Cook, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2AA7A077BE78FFC6AF31FB41FE12FB05" box="[298,400,1196,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AF31FB41FE12FB05" bold="true" box="[298,400,1196,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">n. comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AF85FB40FC5BFB05" authority="Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991" authorityName="Soule, Soule & Chaney" authorityYear="1991" box="[414,985,1196,1220]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Schedocleidochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="porcellaniforme" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AF85FB40FDECFB05" box="[414,622,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">P. porcellaniforme</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AC6FFB41FC42FB05" author="Soule" box="[628,960,1196,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. (Ed.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter" year="1991">
|
||
Soule,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6ACD9FB41FC42FB05" author="Soule" box="[706,960,1196,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. (Ed.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter" year="1991" yearSuffix="n">Soule & Chaney, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2AA7A077BE78FFC6ADD3FB41FC5BFB05" box="[968,985,1196,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6ADD3FB41FC5BFB05" bold="true" box="[968,985,1196,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">n</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. comb.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AA27FB40FAFCFB05" authority="Busk, 1860" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1860" box="[1084,1406,1196,1220]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="porcellanum" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AA27FB40FB67FB05" box="[1084,1253,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">P. porcellanum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AAEFFB41FAF4FB05" author="Busk" box="[1268,1398,1196,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Busk, G. (1860) Catalogue of the Polyzoa collected by J. Y. Johnson, Esq., at Madeira in the years 1859 and 1860, with descriptions of the new species. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 8, 280 - 285." type="journal article" year="1860">Busk, 1860</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2AA7A077BE78FFC6AB9EFB41FF5DFB29" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AB9EFB41FF5DFB29" bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">n. comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E0BA9DBE78FFC6AF07FB3CFD0FFB29" authority="Tilbrook, 2006" authorityName="Tilbrook" authorityYear="2006" box="[284,653,1232,1256]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="septemspinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="31941D0CBE78FFC6AF07FB3CFE59FB29" box="[284,475,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="48">P. septemspinosa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6771BCEFBE78FFC6AFF9FB3DFD0FFB29" author="Tilbrook" box="[482,653,1232,1256]" pageId="12" pageNumber="48" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (2006) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Monographs, 4, 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="2006">Tilbrook, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |