506 lines
86 KiB
XML
506 lines
86 KiB
XML
<document id="2F300132702C3278E5BBFBD9670A62CF" ID-CLB-Dataset="305701" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5536.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b99eb049-3dcd-4087-a311-9d2674047b91" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14239072" ID-ZooBank="9DD87EAB-1620-4A04-869F-C717538E24E0" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1732798818424" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shen, Zihui, Koch, Nicolás Mongiardino, Seid, Charlotte A., Tilic, Ekin & Rouse, Greg W." docDate="2024" docId="89611739FFBD534898BFA40AFBCFFD6F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5536.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5536 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.3.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Caymanostella loresae Shen, Koch, Seid, Tilic & Rouse, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="383" masterDocId="75586F41FFA153689828A567FFFFFFEA" masterDocTitle="Three New Species of Deep-Sea Wood-Associated Sea Stars (Asteroidea: Caymanostellidae) from the Eastern Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="388" masterPageNumber="351" pageNumber="379" updateTime="1732924337901" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="9A8F3B51B1F1E0613F6D9734462E01A4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="805BAE326C2F85E4C617D565C0B69A19">Three New Species of Deep-Sea Wood-Associated Sea Stars (Asteroidea: Caymanostellidae) from the Eastern Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="EFE3006A458B46822428427415DBF2ED" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="ABFE7EF41B47C2E94EE42C413C70D0AB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3B5F9A9750F6D9C9C41E5AA9B4B377EB">Shen, Zihui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="38FDB551697DC1C5EE23E5DFE2E23121">Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 - 0202, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E4E4B40909D0DA813C989C85C41F131C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6D6B7269001175CA69FCBD98D63758B1">Koch, Nicolás Mongiardino</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0A87A3A98B8D06F43391E21A72DBCDD3">Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 - 0202, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="99A0E5C16E35E0115DEDDCE6499DC3EA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5658DEF7F372EB4DB78B486218709D4C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C4EAE1CFCFD0E43D6491F5F10DF20E72">Seid, Charlotte A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DFDD7F1E75510CA0898FE26FD645C0C4">Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 - 0202, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="498B6FEB324E8DD2B5466182350A371A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C0DD6F31219FE49730B8855828CE0AB4">Tilic, Ekin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="84C6189E978E5D51AF054CE5AB8BA977">Department of Marine Zoology, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ACBFE9775DBED49E7E0CF74A6CF69A03">Rouse, Greg W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="461866906617E4AB83BF2E301FC8B655">Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 - 0202, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="DEB7757B4C66CB03125B52104782A0D7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="683E5459DFF40231C013F17784D4D3CC">
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<mods:date id="DC0E6B2E15E382F018FE45622589D421">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="528B2A5FC3C2CC03840C158A80C00BB5">2024-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="32D46EF8E53092B885414A3D947393C4" type="GBIF-Dataset">b99eb049-3dcd-4087-a311-9d2674047b91</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="89611739FFBD534898BFA40AFBCFFD6F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14248027" ID-GBIF-Taxon="248070685" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14248027" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:89611739FFBD534898BFA40AFBCFFD6F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/89611739FFBD534898BFA40AFBCFFD6F" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="383" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" scope_class="Asteroidea" scope_family="Caymanostellidae">
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<subSubSection id="49D2F5A4FFBD537498BFA40AFDF2FE6D" box="[151,525,365,392]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBD537498BFA40AFDF2FE6D" blockId="28.[151,525,365,427]" box="[151,525,365,392]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">
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<heading id="5A3F1143FFBD537498BFA40AFDF2FE6D" bold="true" box="[151,525,365,392]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBD537498BFA40AFDF2FE6D" bold="true" box="[151,525,365,392]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">
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<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBD537498BFA40AFE57FE62" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,424,365,392]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBD537498BFA40AFE57FE62" bold="true" box="[151,424,365,392]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Caymanostella loresae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FFBD53749987A40AFDF2FE6D" box="[431,525,365,391]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="49D2F5A4FFBD537498BFA4F6FEC7FE41" box="[151,312,401,427]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBD537498BFA4F6FEC7FE41" blockId="28.[151,525,365,427]" box="[151,312,401,427]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">
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<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD537498BFA4F6FEC7FE41" box="[151,312,401,427]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 14" captionStart-1="FIGURE 15" captionStart-2="FIGURE 16" captionStartId-0="29.[152,255,1552,1576]" captionStartId-1="30.[152,255,1716,1740]" captionStartId-2="31.[152,255,1496,1520]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,182,1693]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@29.[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@30.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@31.[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetPageId-0="29" captionTargetPageId-1="30" captionTargetPageId-2="31" captionText-0="FIGURE 14. Light Microscopy (LM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. Holotype ICML-EMU-13880: A—preserved abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; B—preserved actinal view. Paratype SIO-BIC E11383B: C—bleached abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; D—bleached actinal view; E—close-up of bleached abactinal interradius, with arrow indicating madreporite; F—close-up of bleached actinal arm. Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plates; am, actinal membrane; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; ss, suboral spines; t, tube feet." captionText-1="FIGURE 15. Compiled micro-CT scans of a paratype (SMF 6940) of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—actinal view; B— abactinal view, with arrow indicating madreporite, *indicating gonopores; C—abactinal lateral view; D—abactinal internal view; E—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber; F—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber. Abbreviations: am, actinal membrane; ads, adambulacral spines; amb, ambulacral plate; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distallateral plate; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." captionText-2="FIGURE 16. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); C—detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393D); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); E, F—abactinal granule (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B). Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; fus, furrow spine; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239100" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239102" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239104" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14239100/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14239102/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14239104/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Figures 14–16</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="49D2F5A4FFBD537498BFA4BEFB9EFD69" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBD537498BFA4BEFB9EFD69" blockId="28.[151,1437,473,2012]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">
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<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBD537498BFA4BEFEEBFE19" bold="true" box="[151,276,473,499]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body pentagonal or subpentagonal. Thick epidermis. Dense and granuliform abactinal armaments. Central disc plates circular, imbricating irregularly. Gonopores visible, piercing through the proximal-most superomarginal plates. Madreporite with branching grooves. One row of dorsal-lateral plates on each side of a row of carinal plates until arm tip. Terminal plate slightly trapezoidal. Inferomarginals more elongate than adjoining superomarginals. Short adambulacral spines covered with thick epidermis.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="49D2F5A4FFBD537498EFA7EAFE7AFCB1" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBD537498EFA7EAFE7AFCB1" blockId="28.[151,1437,473,2012]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">
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<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBD537498EFA7EAFE39FD4D" bold="true" box="[199,454,653,679]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Materials examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="B1A0AC72FFBD537499FBA7EAFD65FD1A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4986905302" collectingDate="2003-04-11" collectorName="Tiburon & Bob Vrijenhoek" country="Mexico" elevation="3054" latitude="22.9628" location="Tamayo Fracture Zone" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-108.1576" municipality="Gulf of California" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBD537499FBA7EAFDB4FD4D" bold="true" box="[467,587,653,679]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">
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<typeStatus id="DE73188DFFBD537499FBA7EAFDB9FD4D" box="[467,582,653,679]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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ICML-EMU-13880 (formerly SIO-BIC E11477), on wood at
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<location id="0417F0F4FFBD53749D69A7E9FEC4FD26" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:89611739FFBD534898BFA40AFBCFFD6F:0417F0F4FFBD53749D69A7E9FEC4FD26" country="Mexico" latitude="22.9628" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-108.1576" municipality="Gulf of California" name="Tamayo Fracture Zone" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Tamayo Fracture Zone</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="E1133C55FFBD5374996DA7D6FDEBFD21" box="[325,532,689,715]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Gulf of California</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="79DFE6BFFFBD53749A37A7D6FD86FD21" box="[543,633,689,715]" name="Mexico" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="64FCC0E8FFBD53749AABA7D6FCFDFD26" box="[643,770,689,716]" degrees="22.9628" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" precision="5" value="22.9628">
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||
22.9628
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<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBD53749AC8A7D6FD14FD21" box="[736,747,689,715]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">°</emphasis>
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N
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="64FCC0E8FFBD53749B25A7D6FC60FD26" box="[781,927,689,716]" degrees="108.1576" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" precision="5" value="-108.1576">
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108.1576
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<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBD53749B50A7D6FC7CFD21" box="[888,899,689,715]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">°</emphasis>
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W
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation id="8AE5411CFFBD53749B81A7D6FBB8FD21" box="[937,1095,689,716]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.054" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" unit="m" value="3054.0">
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||
<quantity id="C6300BCAFFBD53749B81A7D6FC01FD26" box="[937,1022,689,716]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.054" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" unit="m" value="3054.0">3054 m</quantity>
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depth
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</elevation>
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,
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<date id="757680EFFFBD53749C78A7D6FB08FD21" box="[1104,1271,689,715]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" value="2003-04-11">
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<collectingDate id="65327907FFBD53749C78A7D6FB08FD21" box="[1104,1271,689,715]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" value="2003-04-11">April 11, 2003</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, ROV
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<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBD53749D6BA7D6FA63FD21" box="[1347,1436,689,715]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<collectorName id="AC3DC3F9FFBD53749D6BA7D6FA63FD21" box="[1347,1436,689,715]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Tiburon</collectorName>
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</emphasis>
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dive 553, collector
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<collectorName id="AC3DC3F9FFBD5374995BA7B2FDD8FD05" box="[371,551,725,751]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Bob Vrijenhoek</collectorName>
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and party
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="B1A0AC72FFBD53749A8CA7B2FE7EFCB1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4986905306" collectingDate="2003-04-11" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="Tiburon & Bob Vrijenhoek" country="Mexico" elevation="3054" latitude="22.9628" location="Tamayo Fracture Zone" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-108.1576" municipality="Gulf of California" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" specimenCode="SMF 6940" specimenCount="5" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBD53749A8CA7B2FCD7FD05" bold="true" box="[676,808,725,751]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">
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<typeStatus id="DE73188DFFBD53749A8CA7B2FCDCFD05" box="[676,803,725,751]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
:
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</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCode id="516E0E54FFBD53749B06A7B2FC58FD05" box="[814,935,725,751]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">SMF 6940</specimenCode>
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(prepared for µCT), E11393B (prepared for SEM), SIO-BIC E11393C, SIO-BIC E11393D, USNM 1487403 [GenBank COI= PP627129; 16S=PP572464; H3= PP658051], same collection data as holotype; USNM 1487403 was ethanol-fixed and the other
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<specimenCount id="17CE6DA6FFBD53749CDCA67AFA63FCDD" box="[1268,1436,797,823]" count="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" type="generic">five specimens</specimenCount>
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were formalin-fixed
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="49D2F5A4FFBD537598EFA602FAFDF87B" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="380" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBD537498EFA602FC02FB75" blockId="28.[151,1437,473,2012]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBD537498EFA602FEA9FC95" bold="true" box="[199,342,869,895]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult body pentagonal to subpentagonal (R =
|
||
<quantity id="C6300BCAFFBD53749B76A602FBFDFC6A" box="[862,1026,869,896]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.04" metricValueMax="6.72" metricValueMin="5.36" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="6.04" valueMax="6.72" valueMin="5.36">5.36–6.72 mm</quantity>
|
||
, r =
|
||
<quantity id="C6300BCAFFBD53749C1EA602FB26FC6A" box="[1078,1241,869,896]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.21" metricValueMax="5.94" metricValueMin="4.48" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="5.21" valueMax="5.94" valueMin="4.48">4.48–5.94 mm</quantity>
|
||
, R/r = 1.09–1.24;
|
||
<typeStatus id="DE73188DFFBD537498BFA6EEFF00FC49" box="[151,255,905,931]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
R =
|
||
<quantity id="C6300BCAFFBD53749915A6EEFE59FC4E" box="[317,422,905,932]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.47" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="6.47">6.47 mm</quantity>
|
||
, r =
|
||
<quantity id="C6300BCAFFBD537499F7A6EEFDB8FC4E" box="[479,583,905,932]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.86" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="5.86">5.86 mm</quantity>
|
||
, R/r =1.10, bent, measurement may not be accurate). Thick epidermis and dense armaments obscure plates.Abactinal side, excluding the inferomarginal plates, is slightly convex. Central disc plates differ from other abactinal plates in their mainly circular to subcircular shapes, imbricating irregularly. Other abactinal plates show regular distally imbricating patterns. Five primary inter-radial plates are irregular in shape and large. Madreporite has multiple branching grooves and is obscured by abactinal granules and epidermis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749D07A17EFA68FBD9" box="[1327,1431,1049,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[152,255,1552,1576]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-18@29.[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Light Microscopy (LM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. Holotype ICML-EMU-13880: A—preserved abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; B—preserved actinal view. Paratype SIO-BIC E11383B: C—bleached abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; D—bleached actinal view; E—close-up of bleached abactinal interradius, with arrow indicating madreporite; F—close-up of bleached actinal arm. Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plates; am, actinal membrane; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; ss, suboral spines; t, tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239100/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Figs 14E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD537498BFA15AFF36FBB2" box="[151,201,1085,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="30.[152,255,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-30@30.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 15. Compiled micro-CT scans of a paratype (SMF 6940) of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—actinal view; B— abactinal view, with arrow indicating madreporite, *indicating gonopores; C—abactinal lateral view; D—abactinal internal view; E—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber; F—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber. Abbreviations: am, actinal membrane; ads, adambulacral spines; amb, ambulacral plate; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distallateral plate; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239102/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">15B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Arms are wide, with oval to pentagonal abactinal plates more elongated relative to central disc plates. One row of distal-lateral plates on each side of the carinal plates that can be absent near arm tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749C91A106FADCFB91" box="[1209,1315,1121,1147]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="31.[152,255,1496,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-18@31.[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 16. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); C—detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393D); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); E, F—abactinal granule (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B). Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; fus, furrow spine; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239104/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Terminal plate slightly trapezoidal, with distal end wider than proximal end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749BA0A1E2FC0FFB75" box="[904,1008,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="31.[152,255,1496,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-18@31.[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 16. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); C—detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393D); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); E, F—abactinal granule (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B). Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; fus, furrow spine; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239104/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBD537498EFA1CEFAFAF9C1" blockId="28.[151,1437,473,2012]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">
|
||
Parallel rows of pentagonal superomarginal plates and inferomarginal plates along the body margin, imbricating radially, 9–10 plates each. Each inferomarginal plate is more elongated than the adjoining superomarginal plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD537498B7A196FED1FAE1" box="[159,302,1265,1292]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="30.[152,255,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-30@30.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 15. Compiled micro-CT scans of a paratype (SMF 6940) of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—actinal view; B— abactinal view, with arrow indicating madreporite, *indicating gonopores; C—abactinal lateral view; D—abactinal internal view; E—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber; F—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber. Abbreviations: am, actinal membrane; ads, adambulacral spines; amb, ambulacral plate; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distallateral plate; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239102/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Figs 15B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749915A196FE8EFAE1" box="[317,369,1265,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="31.[152,255,1496,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-18@31.[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 16. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); C—detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393D); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); E, F—abactinal granule (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B). Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; fus, furrow spine; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239104/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">16A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The proximal-most superomarginal plates are oval-shaped and the largest, wider than long. One gonopore pierces through each of the proximal-most superomarginal plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749C1EA072FB19FADA" box="[1078,1254,1301,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[152,255,1552,1576]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-18@29.[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Light Microscopy (LM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. Holotype ICML-EMU-13880: A—preserved abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; B—preserved actinal view. Paratype SIO-BIC E11383B: C—bleached abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; D—bleached actinal view; E—close-up of bleached abactinal interradius, with arrow indicating madreporite; F—close-up of bleached actinal arm. Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plates; am, actinal membrane; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; ss, suboral spines; t, tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239100/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Figs 14A, C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749CDCA072FADAFADA" box="[1268,1317,1301,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="30.[152,255,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-30@30.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 15. Compiled micro-CT scans of a paratype (SMF 6940) of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—actinal view; B— abactinal view, with arrow indicating madreporite, *indicating gonopores; C—abactinal lateral view; D—abactinal internal view; E—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber; F—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber. Abbreviations: am, actinal membrane; ads, adambulacral spines; amb, ambulacral plate; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distallateral plate; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239102/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">15B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749D1AA072FA9BFAC5" box="[1330,1380,1301,1327]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="31.[152,255,1496,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-18@31.[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 16. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); C—detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393D); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); E, F—abactinal granule (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B). Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; fus, furrow spine; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239104/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">16B</figureCitation>
|
||
). All abactinal plates and abactinal side of marginal plates covered and obscured by dense small and round abactinal granules (
|
||
<quantity id="C6300BCAFFBD5374992EA03AFE5EFA92" box="[262,417,1373,1400]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="0.08" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.06">0.06–0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, density>80/mm
|
||
<superScript id="F6BD0B67FFBD53749A76A03AFD99FA81" attach="left" box="[606,614,1373,1387]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">2</superScript>
|
||
). Abactinal granules consist of a smooth short base and a spikey dome-shaped crown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD5374996BA0E6FE38FA71" box="[323,455,1409,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="31.[152,255,1496,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-18@31.[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 16. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); C—detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393D); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); E, F—abactinal granule (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B). Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; fus, furrow spine; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239104/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Fig. 16E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Granules tend to be larger, more elongated and more cone-shaped around gonopores, terminal pores and near the distal edge of inferomarginal plates. Fringe spines (
|
||
<quantity id="C6300BCAFFBD53749C37A0C2FB38FA55" box="[1055,1223,1445,1471]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="4.699999999999999" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="0.42" valueMax="0.47" valueMin="0.37">0.37–0.47 mm</quantity>
|
||
) club shaped from actinal/abactinal views and wing-shaped from lateral views. With many small pores and thorns, which are denser on the abactinal side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD537499A2A08AFDECF9ED" box="[394,531,1517,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="31.[152,255,1496,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-18@31.[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 16. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); C—detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393D); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); E, F—abactinal granule (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B). Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; fus, furrow spine; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239104/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Fig. 16G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). No obvious longitudinal ridges along the spines. Two fringe spines attach to the margin of each inferomarginal plate. There are 2–3 fringe spines at the margin of each terminal plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBD537498EFA352FC54F831" blockId="28.[151,1437,473,2012]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">
|
||
Ambulacral furrows slightly petaloid and each has 11–14 pairs of tube feet. Bar-shaped adambulacral plates (10–11 pairs in bleached
|
||
<typeStatus id="DE73188DFFBD53749995A33DFDDFF99E" box="[445,544,1626,1652]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749A06A33EFD49F999" box="[558,694,1625,1651]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[152,255,1552,1576]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-18@29.[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Light Microscopy (LM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. Holotype ICML-EMU-13880: A—preserved abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; B—preserved actinal view. Paratype SIO-BIC E11383B: C—bleached abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; D—bleached actinal view; E—close-up of bleached abactinal interradius, with arrow indicating madreporite; F—close-up of bleached actinal arm. Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plates; am, actinal membrane; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; ss, suboral spines; t, tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239100/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Fig. 14D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) obscured by adambulacral spines and epidermis. Adambulacral spines (
|
||
<quantity id="C6300BCAFFBD537498C3A31AFE7EF97D" box="[235,385,1661,1687]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.449999999999999" metricValueMax="6.8999999999999995" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="0.5449999999999999" valueMax="0.69" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.69 mm</quantity>
|
||
) are tapering with wide base and are covered by thick epidermis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749C7DA31AFAF7F97D" box="[1109,1288,1661,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="31.[152,255,1496,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-18@31.[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 16. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); C—detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393D); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); E, F—abactinal granule (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B). Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; fus, furrow spine; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239104/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Fig. 16C, D, I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
). They orient towards the body margin, aligned with the adambulacral plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749B7EA3C6FC44F951" box="[854,955,1697,1723]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="31.[152,255,1496,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-18@31.[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 16. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); C—detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393D); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); E, F—abactinal granule (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B). Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; fus, furrow spine; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239104/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Fig. 16C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each adambulacral plate bears one furrow spine similar to adambulacral spines, but orient either perpendicular to the plates or pointing towards the furrow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749D42A3A2FF3CF8E9" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[152,255,1552,1576]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-18@29.[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Light Microscopy (LM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. Holotype ICML-EMU-13880: A—preserved abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; B—preserved actinal view. Paratype SIO-BIC E11383B: C—bleached abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; D—bleached actinal view; E—close-up of bleached abactinal interradius, with arrow indicating madreporite; F—close-up of bleached actinal arm. Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plates; am, actinal membrane; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; ss, suboral spines; t, tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239100/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Figs 14F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD537498E5A38EFEFDF8EE" box="[205,258,1769,1796]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="30.[152,255,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-30@30.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 15. Compiled micro-CT scans of a paratype (SMF 6940) of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—actinal view; B— abactinal view, with arrow indicating madreporite, *indicating gonopores; C—abactinal lateral view; D—abactinal internal view; E—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber; F—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber. Abbreviations: am, actinal membrane; ads, adambulacral spines; amb, ambulacral plate; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distallateral plate; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239102/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">15A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The oral side of inferomarginal plates have spines morphologically identical to adambulacral spines, also orienting towards body margin. Thick epidermis and dense spines obscure plate outlines. Paired oral plates are at the base of the interradius and form a ridge in-between. Each oral plate bears two suboral spines and 3 (sometimes 2) marginal oral spines pointing towards the interradius (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749ADCA232FC87F885" box="[756,888,1877,1903]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[152,255,1552,1576]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-18@29.[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Light Microscopy (LM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. Holotype ICML-EMU-13880: A—preserved abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; B—preserved actinal view. Paratype SIO-BIC E11383B: C—bleached abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; D—bleached actinal view; E—close-up of bleached abactinal interradius, with arrow indicating madreporite; F—close-up of bleached actinal arm. Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plates; am, actinal membrane; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; ss, suboral spines; t, tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239100/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Fig. 14B, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some cases, the number marginal oral spines on the paired oral plates differ, with one bearing 3 while the other bearing 2. Oral opening round and wide (~
|
||
<quantity id="C6300BCAFFBD53749D63A21EFA6FF879" box="[1355,1424,1913,1939]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
), and the stomach slightly everted in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="DE73188DFFBD53749A79A2FAFD48F85D" box="[593,695,1949,1975]" pageId="28" pageNumber="379" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Actinal chambers triangular to heart-shaped, each containing two clusters of gonads separated by an interradial septum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBD53749AD0A2A6FC61F831" box="[760,926,1985,2012]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[152,255,1552,1576]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-18@29.[151,1435,181,1528]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Light Microscopy (LM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. Holotype ICML-EMU-13880: A—preserved abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; B—preserved actinal view. Paratype SIO-BIC E11383B: C—bleached abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; D—bleached actinal view; E—close-up of bleached abactinal interradius, with arrow indicating madreporite; F—close-up of bleached actinal arm. Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plates; am, actinal membrane; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; ss, suboral spines; t, tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239100/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="379">Fig. 14B, D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="55B7F6A7FFBC537598B0A377FD55F936" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239100" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14239100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239100/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="380" startId="29.[152,255,1552,1576]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1528]" targetPageId="29" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBC537598B0A377FD55F936" blockId="29.[151,1437,1552,1756]" pageId="29" pageNumber="380">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBC537598B0A377FEDAF9C2" bold="true" box="[152,293,1552,1576]" pageId="29" pageNumber="380">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Light Microscopy (LM) images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBC53759AA7A377FC87F9C2" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[655,888,1552,1576]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="29" pageNumber="380" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBC53759AA7A377FC87F9C2" box="[655,888,1552,1576]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="380">Caymanostella loresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBC53759B56A377FC30F9C2" bold="true" box="[894,975,1552,1576]" pageId="29" pageNumber="380">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FFBC53759B56A377FC30F9C2" box="[894,975,1552,1576]" pageId="29" pageNumber="380" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype ICML-EMU-13880: A—preserved abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; B—preserved actinal view. Paratype SIO-BIC E11383B: C—bleached abactinal view, with arrows indicating gonopores; D—bleached actinal view; E—close-up of bleached abactinal interradius, with arrow indicating madreporite; F—close-up of bleached actinal arm. Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plates; am, actinal membrane; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; ss, suboral spines; t, tube feet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBC537598EFA249FAFDF87B" blockId="29.[151,1436,1838,1937]" pageId="29" pageNumber="380">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBC537598EFA249FEC0F8A2" bold="true" box="[199,319,1838,1864]" pageId="29" pageNumber="380">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B1A0AC72FFBC53759962A249FB01F87B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4986905305" country="Mexico" county="Gulf of California" elevation="3054" location="Gonopores" municipality="Tamayo Fracture Zone" pageId="29" pageNumber="380" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
All
|
||
<typeStatus id="DE73188DFFBC53759953A248FE19F8A3" box="[379,486,1839,1865]" pageId="29" pageNumber="380" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are fully mature and are morphologically similar.
|
||
<location id="0417F0F4FFBC53759C64A249FB38F8A2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:89611739FFBD534898BFA40AFBCFFD6F:0417F0F4FFBC53759C64A249FB38F8A2" box="[1100,1223,1838,1864]" country="Mexico" county="Gulf of California" municipality="Tamayo Fracture Zone" name="Gonopores" pageId="29" pageNumber="380">Gonopores</location>
|
||
and madreporites obscured by dense abactinal granules and only become visible after removing tissues and granules with bleach.
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBC537598EFA211FE9EF87A" bold="true" box="[199,353,1910,1936]" pageId="29" pageNumber="380">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="E1133C55FFBC53759A1FA210FCC7F87B" box="[567,824,1911,1937]" pageId="29" pageNumber="380">Tamayo Fracture Zone</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="E816DEA3FFBC53759B6BA211FBF1F87A" box="[835,1038,1910,1936]" pageId="29" pageNumber="380">Gulf of California</collectingCounty>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="79DFE6BFFFBC53759C34A211FB88F87A" box="[1052,1143,1910,1936]" name="Mexico" pageId="29" pageNumber="380">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
), at
|
||
<quantity id="C6300BCAFFBC53759C8EA211FB01F87B" box="[1190,1278,1910,1937]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.054" pageId="29" pageNumber="380" unit="m" value="3054.0">
|
||
<elevation id="8AE5411CFFBC53759C8EA211FB01F87B" box="[1190,1278,1910,1937]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.054" pageId="29" pageNumber="380" unit="m" value="3054.0">3054 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="55B7F6A7FFBF537698B0A3D3FE76F86B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239102" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14239102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239102/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="381" startId="30.[152,255,1716,1740]" targetBox="[151,1435,182,1693]" targetPageId="30" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBF537698B0A3D3FE76F86B" blockId="30.[151,1436,1716,1921]" pageId="30" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBF537698B0A3D3FED9F927" bold="true" box="[152,294,1716,1741]" pageId="30" pageNumber="381">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Compiled micro-CT scans of a paratype (SMF 6940) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBF53769B5BA3D2FBA3F927" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[883,1116,1717,1741]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="30" pageNumber="381" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBF53769B5BA3D2FBA3F927" box="[883,1116,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="381">Caymanostella loresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBF53769C4BA3D2FB4AF927" bold="true" box="[1123,1205,1717,1741]" pageId="30" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FFBF53769C4BA3D2FB4AF927" box="[1123,1205,1717,1741]" pageId="30" pageNumber="381" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A—actinal view; B— abactinal view, with arrow indicating madreporite, *indicating gonopores; C—abactinal lateral view; D—abactinal internal view; E—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber; F—cross section showing internal view of interradial chamber. Abbreviations: am, actinal membrane; ads, adambulacral spines; amb, ambulacral plate; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distallateral plate; fus, furrow spines; g, gonads; ip, inferomarginal plate; mos, marginal oral spines; op, oral plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="55B7F6A7FFBE537798B0A0BFFB92F922" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239104" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14239104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239104/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" startId="31.[152,255,1496,1520]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1472]" targetPageId="31" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBE537798B0A0BFFB92F922" blockId="31.[151,1437,1496,1737]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE537798B0A0BFFEDBFA1A" bold="true" box="[152,292,1496,1520]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE53779B33A0BFFBFCFA1A" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[795,1027,1496,1520]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779B33A0BFFBFCFA1A" box="[795,1027,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">Caymanostella loresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779C20A0BEFBA7FA1B" bold="true" box="[1032,1112,1497,1521]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FFBE53779C20A0BEFBA7FA1B" box="[1032,1112,1497,1521]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); C—detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393D); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); E, F—abactinal granule (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B). Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; fus, furrow spine; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="49D2F5A4FFBE534898EFA27CFEFEFDD7" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="383" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0177A62FFFBE534898EFA27CFEFEFDD7" blockId="31.[151,1437,1819,2025]" lastBlockId="32.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="383" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE537798EFA27CFEC6F8DF" bold="true" box="[199,313,1819,1845]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The pentagonal body shape of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE53779A56A27CFC89F8DF" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[638,886,1819,1845]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779A56A27CFC89F8DF" box="[638,886,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">Caymanostella loresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779B52A27CFC30F8DF" bold="true" box="[890,975,1819,1845]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FFBE53779B52A27CFC30F8DF" box="[890,975,1819,1845]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE53779CB6A27CFA62F8DE" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[1182,1437,1819,1845]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="scrippscognaticausa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779CB6A27CFA62F8DE" box="[1182,1437,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">C. scrippscognaticausa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE537798BFA258FF0DF8B3" bold="true" box="[151,242,1855,1881]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FFBE537798BFA258FF0DF8B3" box="[151,242,1855,1881]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE53779905A258FE3AF8B3" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[301,453,1855,1881]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="davidalani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779905A258FE3AF8B3" box="[301,453,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">C. davidalani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE537799E7A258FDD5F8B3" bold="true" box="[463,554,1855,1881]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FFBE537799E7A258FDD5F8B3" box="[463,554,1855,1881]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The shape and pattern of imbricating central disc plates also distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE53779DABA258FF18F897" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779DABA258FF18F897" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">C. loresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE537798C6A204FEB9F897" bold="true" box="[238,326,1891,1917]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FFBE537798C6A204FEB9F897" box="[238,326,1891,1917]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from other species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE53779A12A204FD20F897" authorityName="Belyaev" authorityYear="1974" box="[570,735,1891,1917]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779A12A204FD20F897" box="[570,735,1891,1917]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">Caymanostella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="4C4A9394FFBE53779AC5A204FCBDF897" box="[749,834,1891,1917]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="25.[151,234,486,510]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 6. Comparison of morphological characters of selected species in Caymanostellidae. Descriptions of new species (except R, r and R/r) are based on shared characters among adult specimens. Crinitostella is synonymized here as Caymanostella. *Not discernable according to Dilman et al. (2022), but visible in Fig. 2E of Dilman et al. (2022) and Rowe (1989)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/55B7F6A7FFB8537198BFA481F910FDCB" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" tableUuid="55B7F6A7FFB8537198BFA481F910FDCB">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
). Terminal plates are more trapezoidal than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE53779DABA204FE86F84A" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="scrippscognaticausa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779DABA204FE86F84A" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">C. scrippscognaticausa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE537799A9A2E0FE25F84B" bold="true" box="[385,474,1927,1953]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FFBE537799A9A2E0FE25F84B" box="[385,474,1927,1953]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE53779A3AA2E0FD56F84B" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[530,681,1927,1953]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="davidalani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779A3AA2E0FD56F84B" box="[530,681,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">C. davidalani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779A99A2E0FCF5F84B" bold="true" box="[689,778,1927,1953]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FFBE53779A99A2E0FCF5F84B" box="[689,778,1927,1953]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFFBE53779B33A2E0FC7CF84B" box="[795,899,1927,1953]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="31.[152,255,1496,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-18@31.[151,1436,181,1472]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 16. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of Caymanostella loresae sp. nov. A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); C—detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393D); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); E, F—abactinal granule (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (paratype SIO-BIC E11393B). Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; fus, furrow spine; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239104/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Inferomarginal plates are elongated, but not as much as those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE5377997DA2CCFE0AF82F" authorityName="Rowe" authorityYear="1989" box="[341,501,1963,1989]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Belyaevostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE5377997DA2CCFE0AF82F" box="[341,501,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">Belyaevostella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6559DBDEFFBE53779A2BA2CCFD7AF82F" author="Rowe, F. W. E." box="[515,645,1963,1989]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" pagination="293 - 307" refId="ref21409" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. (1989) A review of the family Caymanostellidae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) with the description of a new species of Caymanostella Belyaev and a new genus. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. Linnean Society of New South Wales, 111, 293 - 307." type="journal article" year="1989">Rowe 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6559DBDEFFBE53779AA7A2CCFCB2F82F" author="Fujita, T. & Stampanato, S. & Jangoux, M." box="[655,845,1963,1989]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" pagination="183 - 188" refId="ref19883" refString="Fujita, T., Stampanato, S. & Jangoux, M. (1994) Beyaevostella hyugaenis: a new species of deep-sea asteroid (Asteroidea, Caymanostellidae) found on a sunken wood from off southern Japan. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, 20, 183 - 188." type="journal article" year="1994">
|
||
Fujita
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779AFEA2CCFCF3F82F" box="[726,780,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1994
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE53779BB6A2CCFBC9F82F" authorityName="Belyaev & Litvinova" authorityYear="1977" box="[926,1078,1963,1989]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="admiranda">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779BB6A2CCFBC9F82F" box="[926,1078,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">C. admiranda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE53779C42A2CCFB0AF82F" authorityName="Rowe" authorityYear="1989" box="[1130,1269,1963,1989]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="phorcynis">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779C42A2CCFB0AF82F" box="[1130,1269,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">C. phorcynis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the gonopores of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFFBE5377989EA2A8FED8F803" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[182,295,1999,2025]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE5377989EA2A8FED8F803" box="[182,295,1999,2025]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">C. loresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFFBE53779906A2A8FE78F803" bold="true" box="[302,391,1999,2025]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FFBE53779906A2A8FE78F803" box="[302,391,1999,2025]" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
pierce through the proximal-most superomarginal plates (
|
||
<tableCitation id="4C4A9394FFBE53779C21A2A8FBA0F803" box="[1033,1119,1999,2025]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="25.[151,234,486,510]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 6. Comparison of morphological characters of selected species in Caymanostellidae. Descriptions of new species (except R, r and R/r) are based on shared characters among adult specimens. Crinitostella is synonymized here as Caymanostella. *Not discernable according to Dilman et al. (2022), but visible in Fig. 2E of Dilman et al. (2022) and Rowe (1989)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/55B7F6A7FFB8537198BFA481F910FDCB" pageId="31" pageNumber="382" tableUuid="55B7F6A7FFB8537198BFA481F910FDCB">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
). Abactinal granules are like those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF81534898D3A5F0FE69FF5B" authorityName="Belyaev & Litvinova" authorityYear="1977" box="[251,406,151,177]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="admiranda">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF81534898D3A5F0FE69FF5B" box="[251,406,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. admiranda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having dome-shaped crowns, yet are also narrower, exhibit a more prominent base, and have thorns that are less sharp (
|
||
<tableCitation id="4C4A9394FF81534899DEA5DCFDB2FF3F" box="[502,589,187,213]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="25.[151,234,486,510]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 6. Comparison of morphological characters of selected species in Caymanostellidae. Descriptions of new species (except R, r and R/r) are based on shared characters among adult specimens. Crinitostella is synonymized here as Caymanostella. *Not discernable according to Dilman et al. (2022), but visible in Fig. 2E of Dilman et al. (2022) and Rowe (1989)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/55B7F6A7FFB8537198BFA481F910FDCB" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" tableUuid="55B7F6A7FFB8537198BFA481F910FDCB">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6559DBDEFF8153489A72A5DCFCCFFF3F" author="Dilman, A. B. & Minin, K. V. & Petrov, N. B." box="[602,816,187,213]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" pagination="14 - 35" refId="ref19612" refString="Dilman, A. B., Minin, K. V. & Petrov, N. B. (2022) New record of the wood-associated sea star Caymanostella, with notes on the phylogenetic position of the family Caymanostellidae (Asteroidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 194, 14 - 35. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 060" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Dilman
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489A9CA5DCFD12FF3F" box="[692,749,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Fringe spines of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489BD6A5DCFB90FF3F" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[1022,1135,187,213]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489BD6A5DCFB90FF3F" box="[1022,1135,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. loresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489C5FA5DCFB2FFF3F" bold="true" box="[1143,1232,187,213]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FF8153489C5FA5DCFB2FFF3F" box="[1143,1232,187,213]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are also most like those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF81534898DEA5B8FE71FF13" authorityName="Belyaev & Litvinova" authorityYear="1977" box="[246,398,223,249]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="admiranda">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF81534898DEA5B8FE71FF13" box="[246,398,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. admiranda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both exhibiting dense small pores and small thorns (
|
||
<tableCitation id="4C4A9394FF8153489BF0A5B8FBD1FF13" box="[984,1070,223,249]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="25.[151,234,486,510]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 6. Comparison of morphological characters of selected species in Caymanostellidae. Descriptions of new species (except R, r and R/r) are based on shared characters among adult specimens. Crinitostella is synonymized here as Caymanostella. *Not discernable according to Dilman et al. (2022), but visible in Fig. 2E of Dilman et al. (2022) and Rowe (1989)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/55B7F6A7FFB8537198BFA481F910FDCB" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" tableUuid="55B7F6A7FFB8537198BFA481F910FDCB">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
). Because of the thick epidermis, the actinal side appears fleshier (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFF8153489A23A464FD90FEF7" box="[523,623,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="23.[152,255,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1707]" captionTargetId="figure-129@23.[151,1436,417,1707]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of Caymanostella davidalani sp. nov. A—detail of bleached abactinal arm tip (holotype SIO-BIC E7101); B—detail of bleached abactinal interradius (paratype MZUCR ECH2403); C— detail of adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (holotype SIO-BIC E7101); D—detail of bleached adambulacral spinelets on actinal side (holotype SIO-BIC E7101); E, F—abactinal spinelets (holotype SIO-BIC E7101); G—fringe spine, H—lateral view of fringe spine (holotype SIO-BIC E7101); I—adambulacral spine, J—lateral view of adambulacral spine (holotype SIO- BIC E7101); Abbreviations: adp, adambulacral plate; ads, adambulacral spines; cp, carinal plate; dlp, distal-lateral plate; gp, gonopore; ip, inferomarginal plate; sp, superomarginal plate; tp, terminal plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239098/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
|
||
) and takes longer to dissolve in bleach compared to adult specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF81534898BFA440FE62FEAA" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,413,295,321]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="scrippscognaticausa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF81534898BFA440FE62FEAA" box="[151,413,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. scrippscognaticausa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF815348998FA440FDFDFEAB" bold="true" box="[423,514,295,321]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FF815348998FA440FDFDFEAB" box="[423,514,295,321]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489A17A440FD28FEAB" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[575,727,295,321]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="davidalani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489A17A440FD28FEAB" box="[575,727,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. davidalani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489ACAA440FCC1FEAB" bold="true" box="[738,830,295,321]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FF8153489ACAA440FCC1FEAB" box="[738,830,295,321]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
When bleached, the adambulacral spines appear less tapering and elongate than those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489A18A42CFCCAFE8E" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[560,821,331,357]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="scrippscognaticausa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489A18A42CFCCAFE8E" box="[560,821,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. scrippscognaticausa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489B17A42CFC65FE8F" bold="true" box="[831,922,331,357]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FF8153489B17A42CFC65FE8F" box="[831,922,331,357]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489BFEA42CFB91FE8F" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[982,1134,331,357]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="davidalani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489BFEA42CFB91FE8F" box="[982,1134,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. davidalani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489C50A42CFB2CFE8F" bold="true" box="[1144,1235,331,357]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FF8153489C50A42CFB2CFE8F" box="[1144,1235,331,357]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="4C4A9394FF8153489CCCA42CFAC2FE8F" box="[1252,1341,331,357]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="25.[151,234,486,510]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 6. Comparison of morphological characters of selected species in Caymanostellidae. Descriptions of new species (except R, r and R/r) are based on shared characters among adult specimens. Crinitostella is synonymized here as Caymanostella. *Not discernable according to Dilman et al. (2022), but visible in Fig. 2E of Dilman et al. (2022) and Rowe (1989)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/55B7F6A7FFB8537198BFA481F910FDCB" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" tableUuid="55B7F6A7FFB8537198BFA481F910FDCB">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
). Future work is required to compare the thick epidermis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489AEEA408FCCAFE63" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[710,821,367,393]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489AEEA408FCCAFE63" box="[710,821,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. loresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489B13A408FC6CFE63" bold="true" box="[827,915,367,393]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FF8153489B13A408FC6CFE63" box="[827,915,367,393]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489C2AA408FB5DFE63" authorityName="Rowe" authorityYear="1989" box="[1026,1186,367,393]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Belyaevostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489C2AA408FB5DFE63" box="[1026,1186,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">Belyaevostella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and their phylogenetic relationship involving molecular data.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489A16A4F4FCC6FE47" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[574,825,403,429]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489A16A4F4FCC6FE47" box="[574,825,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">Caymanostella loresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489B68A4F4FC68FE47" bold="true" box="[832,919,403,429]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FF8153489B68A4F4FC68FE47" box="[832,919,403,429]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was recovered as the sister to a clade consisted of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF815348989DA4D0FE5FFE3A" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[181,416,439,465]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="spinimarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF815348989DA4D0FF30FE3B" box="[181,207,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF81534898D1A4D0FE5FFE3A" box="[249,416,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">spinimarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489986A4D0FDBCFE3B" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[430,579,439,465]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="davidalani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489986A4D0FDBCFE3B" box="[430,579,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. davidalani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489A62A4D0FD5CFE3B" bold="true" box="[586,675,439,465]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FF8153489A62A4D0FD5CFE3B" box="[586,675,439,465]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489A98A4D0FC4CFE3A" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[688,947,439,465]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="scrippscognaticausa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489A98A4D0FC4CFE3A" box="[688,947,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. scrippscognaticausa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489B91A4D0FBEDFE3B" bold="true" box="[953,1042,439,465]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FF8153489B91A4D0FBEDFE3B" box="[953,1042,439,465]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489C6FA4D0FB2CFE3B" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[1095,1235,439,465]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="laguardai">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489C6FA4D0FB2CFE3B" box="[1095,1235,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. laguardai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with high support (
|
||
<figureCitation id="99F3BAAAFF81534898B7A4BCFF1BFE1F" box="[159,228,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1434,1458]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,181,1404]" captionTargetId="figure-18@9.[151,1436,181,1410]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic analyses. A—Maximum Likelihood analysis of mitochondrial COI of available Caymanostella sequences from GenBank, plus the newly generated sequences for this study. Sequences for Caymanostella scrippscognaticausa sp. nov. and C. davidalani sp. nov. holotypes are indicated by a *. Numbers on nodes represent ML bootstrap values. The three new species are highlighted in bold and color. B—Maximum Likelihood tree generated from concatenation of mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and nuclear (H3) genes. Numbers on nodes represent ML bootstrap values. The three new species are highlighted in bold and color. Sequences for Caymanostella scrippscognaticausa sp. nov. and C. davidalani sp. nov. are from the respective holotypes, except for the H3 sequence for C. davidalani sp. nov. which is from a paratype (SIO-BIC E7242). Sequences for C. loresae sp. nov. are from paratype USNM 1487403. Crinitostella is synonymized as Caymanostella (see Discussion)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239078/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), with a minimum of 14.3% divergence from this sister clade in COI (
|
||
<tableCitation id="4C4A9394FF8153489C2CA4BCFBA5FE1F" box="[1028,1114,475,501]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="10.[152,240,260,284]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 3. Pairwise distance for COI of species where data is available. Values shown are uncorrected followed by model corrected (TIM2+I+G) pairwise distances. Minimum interspecific pairwise distances are shown in off-diagonal cells; maximum intraspecific pairwise distances are shown in cells across the diagonal. Maximum intraspecific pairwise distances of new species are highlighted in bold." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/55B7F6A7FFAB536298B0A463FE7AFE62" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" tableUuid="55B7F6A7FFAB536298B0A463FE7AFE62">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
, excluding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489CF7A4BCFA93FE1F" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[1247,1388,475,501]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="laguardai">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489CF7A4BCFA93FE1F" box="[1247,1388,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. laguardai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for which there is no COI data). The uncorrected 16S distance between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489BA1A498FC05FDF3" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[905,1018,511,537]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489BA1A498FC05FDF3" box="[905,1018,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. loresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489C29A498FBA5FDF3" bold="true" box="[1025,1114,511,537]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FF8153489C29A498FBA5FDF3" box="[1025,1114,511,537]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF8153489CB8A498FAE3FDF3" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[1168,1308,511,537]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="laguardai">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489CB8A498FAE3FDF3" box="[1168,1308,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">C. laguardai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was 14.6% (
|
||
<tableCitation id="4C4A9394FF81534898B6A744FF0AFDD7" box="[158,245,547,573]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="10.[152,240,692,716]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 4. Pairwise distance for 16S of species where data is available. Values shown are uncorrected followed by model corrected (GTR+G) pairwise distances. Minimum interspecific pairwise distances are shown in off-diagonal cells; maximum intraspecific pairwise distances are shown in cells across the diagonal. Crinitostella is synonymized as Caymanostella." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/55B7F6A7FFAB536298B0A7D3FAB5FCFE" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" tableUuid="55B7F6A7FFAB536298B0A7D3FAB5FCFE">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="49D2F5A4FF81534898EFA720FBCFFD6F" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="0177A62FFF81534898EFA720FBCFFD6F" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF81534898EFA720FEB1FD8B" bold="true" box="[199,334,583,609]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6C8DDACFF815348997CA720FDACFD8B" authorityName="Shen & Koch & Seid & Tilic & Rouse" authorityYear="2024" box="[340,595,583,609]" class="Asteroidea" family="Caymanostellidae" genus="Caymanostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loresae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF815348997CA720FDACFD8B" box="[340,595,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">Caymanostella loresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="33BC7A3DFF8153489A71A720FD4DFD8B" bold="true" box="[601,690,583,609]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="288FC746FF8153489A71A720FD4DFD8B" box="[601,690,583,609]" pageId="32" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is named for Lores López Gómez in recognition of her unwavering commitment to advancing gender equality and her compassionate sense of justice.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |