133 lines
17 KiB
XML
133 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="10A03E643582523B7C4C211821353814" ID-CLB-Dataset="31542" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4347.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e13b422a-b2cb-4622-bc80-065c002669f6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1048629" ID-ZooBank="BC6C045D-9B16-4233-8C5C-D2BB53B25E03" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1510650001611" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Watts, Chris H. S., Cooper, Steven J. B. & Saint, Kathleen M." docDate="2017" docId="74220C7DFF9BFFED5281FED2FC01FB97" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4347.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4347 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Scirtes helmsi Blackburn 1892" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="520" masterDocId="881B7405FF92FFE45216FFA2FFB1FFA2" masterDocTitle="Review of Australian Scirtes Illiger, Ora Clark and Exochomoscirtes Pic (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) including descriptions of new species, new groups and a multi-gene molecular phylogeny of Australian and non-Australian species" masterLastPageNumber="532" masterPageNumber="511" pageNumber="520" updateTime="1698663498371" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="710F90492854788E3CCC5FF12FF6D20D">Review of Australian Scirtes Illiger, Ora Clark and Exochomoscirtes Pic (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) including descriptions of new species, new groups and a multi-gene molecular phylogeny of Australian and non-Australian species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="74F19E2676BAA27EE05EDA99BD302C1C">Watts, Chris H. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="015B5415BBA1BCBD898CE8FBED0773CE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="57878943A448D04BE80AD18097C0D0DA">Cooper, Steven J. B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3D809FB8DEDFD1AA558416254B6EE854">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5B88DC8757AB0BDFC1EAC704186F1B25">Saint, Kathleen M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="31735BBDA0DCC46690108D8472523DE1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D1C81EDBBA654706507995F4834C8574">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F9DADD07A9F21AD4551C847559A48816">
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<mods:date id="629DABA7174A2C00C76CE06D8C5F8ED1">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BCE63E8D3D883A9EDED9F10F1E040A29">2017-11-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E67879564B68C5802F9540B5C6B098FB">4347</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="91F355AC436AC6C8021ECB877B4014DF">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="DBACA29328C893A65160AAC9DA657DF3" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4347.3.5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="74220C7DFF9BFFED5281FED2FC01FB97" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6050730" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137295140" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6050730" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:74220C7DFF9BFFED5281FED2FC01FB97" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/74220C7DFF9BFFED5281FED2FC01FB97" lastPageNumber="520" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
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<subSubSection id="B491EEE0FF9BFFED5281FED2FDE0FD6F" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FC34BD6BFF9BFFED5281FED2FDCFFE2A" blockId="9.[151,1436,367,1077]" box="[151,638,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
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<heading id="A77C0A07FF9BFFED5281FED2FDCFFE2A" bold="true" box="[151,638,367,392]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="CEFF6179FF9BFFED5281FED2FDCFFE2A" bold="true" box="[151,638,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
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<taxonomicName id="3B8BC6E8FF9BFFED5281FED2FE89FE2A" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,312,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Scirtes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helmsi">
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<emphasis id="CEFF6179FF9BFFED5281FED2FE89FE2A" bold="true" box="[151,312,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Scirtes helmsi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group (
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<bibRefCitation id="981AC09AFF9BFFED53F8FECDFDC7FE2A" author="Watts" box="[494,630,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" refString="Watts, C. H. S. (2004) Revision of Australian Scirtes Illiger and Ora Clark (Coleoptera: Scirtidae). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 128, 131 - 168." type="journal article" year="2004">Watts 2004</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FC34BD6BFF9BFFED52D1FE36FDE0FD6F" blockId="9.[151,1436,367,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
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Defined here as: broadly oval; mandible incisivus relatively short, first segment of labial palpus shorter than second, caudal margin of metacoxal plates straight or nearly so, caudal margin of sternite 7 truncated rather than concave, metatrochanters elongate-oval, 2.0× as long as wide, aedeagus asymmetrical, pala well developed, one or two parameroids, typically the right hand one longer and with an apical hook; tegmen variable, usually simple, parameres simple, usually long and thin but sometimes broader and tending to wrap around the penis but are never fused with it (
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<bibRefCitation id="981AC09AFF9BFFED5328FDEAFE75FDC2" author="Watts" box="[318,452,584,608]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" refString="Watts, C. H. S. (2004) Revision of Australian Scirtes Illiger and Ora Clark (Coleoptera: Scirtidae). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 128, 131 - 168." type="journal article" year="2004">Watts 2004</bibRefCitation>
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) (
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<figureCitation id="64B0A1EEFF9BFFED53C8FDE5FDD7FDC2" box="[478,614,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 22" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[180,1410,294,1835]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,265,1862]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 22. Tegmen and penis of: 17) Scirtes auratus; 18) S. serratus; 19) S. interstinctus; 20) S. lynnae; 21) S. albamaculatus. 22) Penis of S. pinjarraensis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048639/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Figs 18–20</figureCitation>
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); female coxites and styles elongate, prehensor moderately developed, occasionally absent, basal sclerite typically pelican-bill-like but occasionally ring-shaped with internal prongs or bullet-shaped with internal spines (
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<figureCitation id="64B0A1EEFF9BFFED5036FD2DFD24FD0A" box="[544,661,655,680]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 6 – 10" captionStart-1="FIGURES 11 – 16" captionStartId-0="5.[151,264,1919,1942]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,264,1969,1992]" captionTargetBox-0="[203,1400,230,1847]" captionTargetBox-1="[267,1316,242,1913]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1899]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[226,1360,193,1948]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 6 – 10. Prehensor and bursal sclerite of: 6) Scirtes albamaculatus; 7) S. exoletus; 8) S. nigerpalpus; 9) S. orientalis; 10) S. zwicki." captionText-1="FIGURES 11 – 16. Prehensors and bursal sclerites of: 11) Scirtes helmsi; 12) S. brisbanensis; 13) S. peniculus; 14) S. pinjarraensis; 15) S. storeyi; 16) S. triangularis." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1048635/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1048637/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Figs 7–16</figureCitation>
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). Larva with maxillary palpus four-segmented, five anal papillae and mandible with single-pointed incisivus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B491EEE0FF9BFFED52D1FD7AFC01FB97" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" type="description">
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<paragraph id="FC34BD6BFF9BFFED52D1FD7AFE00FC06" blockId="9.[151,1436,367,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
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Most of the species of Australian
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<taxonomicName id="3B8BC6E8FF9BFFED505FFD7AFD24FD4D" authorityName="Illiger. At" authorityYear="1807" box="[585,661,728,751]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Scirtes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CEFF6179FF9BFFED505FFD7AFD24FD4D" box="[585,661,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Scirtes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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studied fell into this group. The sequence data identified two major subgroupings with some internal substructure within each. There is no correlation between the different female prehensors and bursal sclerites and the sequence data. The male terminalia of
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<taxonomicName id="3B8BC6E8FF9BFFED560EFC82FBCDFC9A" authorityName="Watts & Cooper & Saint" authorityYear="2017" box="[1048,1148,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Scirtes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zwicki">
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<emphasis id="CEFF6179FF9BFFED560EFC82FBCDFC9A" box="[1048,1148,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">S. zwicki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are quite unlike those of other species in the group (and from any other known
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<taxonomicName id="3B8BC6E8FF9BFFED50EAFCE7FCF9FCFE" authorityName="Illiger. At" authorityYear="1807" box="[764,840,837,860]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Scirtes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CEFF6179FF9BFFED50EAFCE7FCF9FCFE" box="[764,840,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Scirtes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species), having elongate, symmetrical genitalia and a greatly modified sternite 9. Sternite 8 appears to be missing (
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<figureCitation id="64B0A1EEFF9BFFED5158FCC5FC10FC22" box="[846,929,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 28. 23" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1663,1686]" captionTargetBox="[174,1411,201,1607]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,173,1657]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 28. 23) Male terminalia of Scirtes zwicki: a) tergite 8, b) tergite 9, c) sternite 9, d) trigonium, e) tegmen. 24) Habitus photograph of Scirtes zwicki; 25) ditto, ♀ S. albamaculatus. 26) Clypeolabrum of last instar larva of S. lynnae; 27) ditto, S. serratus; 28) ditto, S. triangularis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048641/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
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). Genetically it is unequivocally within the
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<taxonomicName id="3B8BC6E8FF9BFFED5791FCCAFF51FC07" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1892" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Scirtes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helmsi">
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<emphasis id="CEFF6179FF9BFFED5791FCCAFF51FC07" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">S. helmsi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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subgroup (
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<figureCitation id="64B0A1EEFF9BFFED5348FC2EFE11FC06" box="[350,416,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1385,1407]" captionTargetBox="[161,1339,304,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,301,1363]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree of Australian Scirtes, Ora, Exochomoscirtes and some related Asian species, based on Bayesian inference (BI) analysis of concatenated sequence data of COI, EF 1 - a and TOP 1. A tree with identical topology was obtained using ML analyses of the same data set and a concatenated dataset comprising only COI and TOP 1. Numbers on branches give posterior probabilities (left) from BI analyses and bootstrap proportions (right) as a percentage of 500 pseudoreplicates from a ML analysis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048631/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FC34BD6BFF9BFFED52D1FC0DFC01FB97" blockId="9.[151,1436,367,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
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There are 27 described species in the
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<taxonomicName id="3B8BC6E8FF9BFFED507FFC12FCB4FC6A" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1892" box="[617,773,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Scirtes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helmsi">
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<emphasis id="CEFF6179FF9BFFED507FFC12FCB4FC6A" box="[617,773,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Scirtes helmsi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group in
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<collectingCountry id="849CFDFBFF9BFFED5166FC0DFC67FC6A" box="[880,982,943,968]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Australia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="981AC09AFF9BFFED51F3FC12FB4BFC6A" author="Watts" box="[997,1274,943,968]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" refString="Watts, C. H. S. (2004) Revision of Australian Scirtes Illiger and Ora Clark (Coleoptera: Scirtidae). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 128, 131 - 168." type="journal article" year="2004">Watts 2004 & this paper</bibRefCitation>
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). Yoshitomi & Ruta (2010) noted the close similarity of 11 New Caledonian species with Australian species. From the illustrations of the male genitalia,
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<taxonomicName id="3B8BC6E8FF9BFFED5387FC5AFD68FBB2" authority="Yoshitomi" authorityName="Yoshitomi" box="[401,729,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Scirtes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="babeldaobensis">
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<emphasis id="CEFF6179FF9BFFED5387FC5AFDECFBB2" box="[401,605,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">S. babeldaobensis</emphasis>
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Yoshitomi
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="849CFDFBFF9BFFED5134FC55FC11FBB2" box="[802,928,1015,1040]" name="Micronesia" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Micronesia</collectingCountry>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="981AC09AFF9BFFED51D1FC55FB3FFBB2" author="Yoshitomi" box="[967,1166,1015,1040]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" refString="Yoshitomi, H. (2009) The Scirtes (Coleoptera: Scirtidae: Scirtinae) of Micronesia. Zootaxa, 1974, 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2009">Yoshitomi (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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and possibly
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<taxonomicName id="3B8BC6E8FF9BFFED5738FC5AFEA9FB97" authority="Klausnitzer" authorityName="Klausnitzer" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Scirtes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zerchei">
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<emphasis id="CEFF6179FF9BFFED5738FC5AFA2AFBB2" box="[1326,1435,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">S. zerchei</emphasis>
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Klausnitzer
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</taxonomicName>
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from Luzon Island may also belong in the
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<taxonomicName id="3B8BC6E8FF9BFFED50EDFBBFFCEEFB97" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1892" box="[763,863,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Scirtidae" genus="Scirtes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helmsi">
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<emphasis id="CEFF6179FF9BFFED50EDFBBFFCEEFB97" box="[763,863,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">S. helmsi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |