231 lines
25 KiB
XML
231 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="4A8A78B6F7F1C92002126CBF98BCB6FE" ID-CLB-Dataset="304406" ID-DOI="10.1515/mammalia-2023-0144" ID-GBIF-Dataset="82249035-adba-4505-b77b-eaf2dc819521" ID-ISSN="1864-1547" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13914081" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1728577562213" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Brandon-Jones, Douglas" docDate="2024" docId="697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863" docLanguage="en" docName="10.1515_mammalia-2023-0144.pdf" docOrigin="Mammalia (Warsaw, Poland) 88 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2023-0144" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6C173CCC1D5EC0136B755626151D98B6.3:Mammalia.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="6C173CCC1D5EC0136B755626151D98B6" docStyleName="Mammalia.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pygathrix nemaeus" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="355" masterDocId="9543FFEBFFCBFFE6FFF0FFF4FF89FFE0" masterDocTitle="The scientific discovery and subsequent history of the douc monkey Pygathrix nemaeus (Linnaeus, 1771) near Da Nang, Vietnam" masterLastPageNumber="361" masterPageNumber="353" pageNumber="354" updateTime="1728654387580" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="5588BF9A36583171196DE104847B4C2B">The scientific discovery and subsequent history of the douc monkey Pygathrix nemaeus (Linnaeus, 1771) near Da Nang, Vietnam</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D1F9467047748AE90FC3B87E7B45FA08">Brandon-Jones, Douglas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="190B86B6399FDDC5915583BB20BF5BF4">Mammalia</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9DD24AD3EC25892D8F7D8DAD5985FC70">
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<mods:date id="79427601F64E8426BD4FABA2F3A2F80F">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="CC479BB3BAB55E0CA399024872144DF1">Warsaw, Poland</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="3480352D0C07E51D8645C466446D9A39">2024-04-12</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="3425CA9F87EA8EA28359340021B21B25" type="DOI">10.1515/mammalia-2023-0144</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13919935" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13919935" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="355" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
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<subSubSection id="A9C9650EFFCAFFE7FCC8FC5AFAC5FC32" box="[824,1356,942,978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E16C3685FFCAFFE7FCC8FC5AFAC5FC32" blockId="1.[824,1356,942,978]" box="[824,1356,942,978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
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<heading id="BA2481E9FFCAFFE7FCC8FC5AFAC5FC32" bold="true" box="[824,1356,942,978]" fontSize="15" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFCAFFE7FCC8FC5AFAC5FC32" bold="true" box="[824,1356,942,978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
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3 The
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<typeStatus id="3E688827FFCAFFE7FC59FC5AFC7CFC32" box="[937,1013,942,978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">type</typeStatus>
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locality of the
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<taxonomicName id="26D34D06FFCAFFE7FB08FC5AFAC5FC32" ID-CoL="4QNHF" authority="(Linnaeus 1771)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1771" box="[1272,1356,942,978]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Pygathrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nemaeus">douc</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A9C9650EFFCAFFE4FCC8FC09FD47F863" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="355" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="E16C3685FFCAFFE4FCC8FC09FE7CFEFC" blockId="1.[824,1452,1021,1942]" lastBlockId="2.[136,764,193,1923]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="355" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
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<collectingCounty id="080D4E09FFCAFFE7FCC8FC09FC4FFBF3" box="[824,966,1021,1043]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Pierre Poivre</collectingCounty>
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(1719
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<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFCAFFE7FBF1FC09FB87FBF4" bold="true" box="[1025,1038,1021,1044]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">–</emphasis>
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1786) of
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<collectingMunicipality id="0108ACFFFFCAFFE7FB99FC0AFB29FBF3" box="[1129,1184,1022,1043]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Lyon</collectingMunicipality>
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, first visited east Asia in 1740 as a missionary, aged 20.
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<location id="E40C605EFFCAFFE7FB82FBD5FB10FBD6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863:E40C605EFFCAFFE7FB82FBD5FB10FBD6" box="[1138,1177,1057,1078]" country="Vietnam" county="Pierre Poivre" municipality="Lyon" name="Too" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" stateProvince="Jakarta Raya">Too</location>
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young for holy orders, his youth was thought advantageous for language acquisition.
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<location id="E40C605EFFCAFFE7FCC8FB91FCF5FB9B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863:E40C605EFFCAFFE7FCC8FB91FCF5FB9B" box="[824,892,1125,1147]" country="Vietnam" county="Pierre Poivre" municipality="Lyon" name="Poivre" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" stateProvince="Jakarta Raya">Poivre</location>
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was expelled from the
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FB65FB91FA91FB9B" box="[1173,1304,1125,1147]" name="Vietnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Cochinchina</collectingCountry>
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mission and subsequently pressed to leave
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<location id="E40C605EFFCAFFE7FB7FFB7CFB53FB7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863:E40C605EFFCAFFE7FB7FFB7CFB53FB7D" box="[1167,1242,1160,1181]" country="Vietnam" county="Pierre Poivre" municipality="Lyon" name="Canton" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" stateProvince="Jakarta Raya">Canton</location>
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(now
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<location id="E40C605EFFCAFFE7FAD6FB7CFA29FB7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863:E40C605EFFCAFFE7FAD6FB7CFA29FB7E" box="[1318,1440,1160,1182]" country="Vietnam" county="Pierre Poivre" municipality="Lyon" name="Guangzhou" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" stateProvince="Jakarta Raya">Guangzhou</location>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FCC8FB5EFCFEFB20" box="[824,887,1194,1216]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">China</collectingCountry>
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, but claimed that on his homeward voyage the amputation of his right forearm during a sea battle with the
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<location id="E40C605EFFCAFFE7FCC8FB1BFC0CFAE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863:E40C605EFFCAFFE7FCC8FB1BFC0CFAE5" box="[824,901,1263,1285]" country="Vietnam" county="Pierre Poivre" municipality="Lyon" name="English" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" stateProvince="Jakarta Raya">English</location>
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on
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<date id="956D1045FFCAFFE7FC41FB1AFBDEFAE5" box="[945,1111,1262,1285]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1745-01-25">
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<collectingDate id="8529E9ADFFCAFFE7FC41FB1AFBDEFAE5" box="[945,1111,1262,1285]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1745-01-25">25 January 1745</collectingDate>
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</date>
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forced him to abandon ordination.
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<location id="E40C605EFFCAFFE7FC87FAE6FC1DFAC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863:E40C605EFFCAFFE7FC87FAE6FC1DFAC7" box="[887,916,1298,1319]" country="Vietnam" county="Pierre Poivre" municipality="Lyon" name="He" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" stateProvince="Jakarta Raya">He</location>
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was temporarily imprisoned at
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<location id="E40C605EFFCAFFE7FAE7FAE6FAEFFAC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863:E40C605EFFCAFFE7FAE7FAE6FAEFFAC8" box="[1303,1382,1298,1320]" country="Vietnam" county="Pierre Poivre" municipality="Lyon" name="Batavia" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" stateProvince="Jakarta Raya">Batavia</location>
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(now
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<collectingRegion id="2317F867FFCAFFE7FCC8FAC0FC0FFAAA" box="[824,902,1332,1354]" country="Indonesia" name="Jakarta Raya" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Jakarta</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FC7FFAC0FC70FAAA" box="[911,1017,1332,1354]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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), so he improbably then had the
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<typeStatus id="3E688827FFCAFFE7FABAFAC0FA21FAAA" box="[1354,1448,1332,1354]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. The French East
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FC03FAA3FBA3FA8D" box="[1011,1066,1367,1389]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">India</collectingCountry>
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Company accepted his proposal to open trade with Cochinchina and in
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<date id="956D1045FFCAFFE7FB18FA8EFADCFA6F" box="[1256,1365,1402,1423]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1749-06">
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<collectingDate id="8529E9ADFFCAFFE7FB18FA8EFADCFA6F" box="[1256,1365,1402,1423]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1749-06">June 1749</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, Poivre reached
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FC64FA68FB9EFA52" box="[916,1047,1436,1458]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Pondicherry</collectingCountry>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FBCAFA68FBFAFA52" box="[1082,1139,1436,1458]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">India</collectingCountry>
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, where he was equipped and sent on, arriving at
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<collectingRegion id="2317F867FFCAFFE7FC0FFA4AFBEFFA34" box="[1023,1126,1470,1492]" country="Vietnam" name="Hai Phong" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Haiphong</collectingRegion>
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harbour (near
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<collectingRegion id="2317F867FFCAFFE7FAF2FA4AFACAFA34" box="[1282,1347,1470,1492]" country="Vietnam" name="Ha Noi" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Hanoi</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FABBFA4AFA2CFA34" box="[1355,1445,1470,1492]" name="Vietnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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) in
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<date id="956D1045FFCAFFE7FCA6FA15FC5EFA16" box="[854,983,1505,1526]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1749-08">
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<collectingDate id="8529E9ADFFCAFFE7FCA6FA15FC5EFA16" box="[854,983,1505,1526]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1749-08">August 1749</collectingDate>
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</date>
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. He left Cochinchina for
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FB17FA15FAC7FA17" box="[1255,1358,1505,1527]" name="Mauritius" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
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only six months later to realize his other objective of establishing spice plantations in the French colonies. In
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<date id="956D1045FFCAFFE7FAD0F9D3FA0EF9DC" box="[1312,1415,1573,1596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1750-06">
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<collectingDate id="8529E9ADFFCAFFE7FAD0F9D3FA0EF9DC" box="[1312,1415,1573,1596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1750-06">June 1750</collectingDate>
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</date>
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he sailed for Canton and, after several months, on to the
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FCC8F99FFC39F961" box="[824,944,1643,1665]" name="Philippines" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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, reaching
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<collectingRegion id="2317F867FFCAFFE7FBC1F99FFBF2F961" box="[1073,1147,1643,1665]" country="Philippines" name="Manila" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Manila</collectingRegion>
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in
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<date id="956D1045FFCAFFE7FB40F998FA92F961" box="[1200,1307,1642,1665]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1751-05">
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<collectingDate id="8529E9ADFFCAFFE7FB40F998FA92F961" box="[1200,1307,1642,1665]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1751-05">May 1751</collectingDate>
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</date>
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. Other than nutmeg, he failed to obtain spice plants, and arrived at Pondicherry in
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<date id="956D1045FFCAFFE7FC11F944FBC5F926" box="[993,1100,1711,1734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1753-04">
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<collectingDate id="8529E9ADFFCAFFE7FC11F944FBC5F926" box="[993,1100,1711,1734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1753-04">April 1753</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FB78F944FB66F926" box="[1160,1263,1712,1734]" name="Mauritius" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
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in December. He sailed for Manila in
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<date id="956D1045FFCAFFE7FBF8F927FBE0F909" box="[1032,1129,1746,1769]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1754-05">
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||
<collectingDate id="8529E9ADFFCAFFE7FBF8F927FBE0F909" box="[1032,1129,1746,1769]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1754-05">May 1754</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, and for the
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||
<location id="E40C605EFFCAFFE7FB1AF927FAF8F909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863:E40C605EFFCAFFE7FB1AF927FAF8F909" box="[1258,1393,1747,1769]" country="Vietnam" county="Pierre Poivre" municipality="Lyon" name="Spice Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" stateProvince="Jakarta Raya">Spice Islands</location>
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(now the
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FCAFF901FB8BF8EB" box="[863,1026,1781,1803]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Maluku Islands</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FBFCF901FBFDF8EB" box="[1036,1140,1781,1803]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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) in
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<date id="956D1045FFCAFFE7FB6CF902FAABF8EC" box="[1180,1314,1781,1804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1755-01">
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||
<collectingDate id="8529E9ADFFCAFFE7FB6CF902FAABF8EC" box="[1180,1314,1781,1804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1755-01">January 1755</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
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||
, returning to
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FCC8F8ECFC16F8CE" box="[824,927,1816,1838]" name="Mauritius" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
in
|
||
<date id="956D1045FFCAFFE7FC3AF8ECFBBBF8CE" box="[970,1074,1815,1838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1755-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="8529E9ADFFCAFFE7FC3AF8ECFBBBF8CE" box="[970,1074,1815,1838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1755-06">June 1755</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
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||
. Departing in
|
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<date id="956D1045FFCAFFE7FB22F8ECFAC9F8CE" box="[1234,1344,1815,1838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1756-04">
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<collectingDate id="8529E9ADFFCAFFE7FB22F8ECFAC9F8CE" box="[1234,1344,1815,1838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1756-04">April 1756</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
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, he spent several months until September in
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<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFCAFFE7FB1BF8CEFAE2F8B0" box="[1259,1387,1850,1872]" name="Madagascar" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, was captured by the
|
||
<location id="E40C605EFFCAFFE7FC15F8A9FB4BF893" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:697A8793FFCAFFE4FCC8FC5AFD47F863:E40C605EFFCAFFE7FC15F8A9FB4BF893" box="[997,1218,1885,1907]" country="Vietnam" county="Pierre Poivre" municipality="Lyon" name="English in December" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" stateProvince="Jakarta Raya">English in December</location>
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||
, and released in
|
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<date id="956D1045FFCAFFE7FA86F8A9FCEFF876" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1757-04">
|
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<collectingDate id="8529E9ADFFCAFFE7FA86F8A9FCEFF876" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1757-04">April 1757</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
|
||
. Deepening factions within the Company isolated Poivre and he retired to Lyon, aged 37. He remained in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFC9FFE4FD8CFF35FD4DFF36" box="[636,708,193,214]" name="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
until early 1767 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85424B74FFC9FFE4FEF4FF17FE29FF18" author="Maverick, L. A." box="[260,416,227,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" pagination="165 - 177" refId="ref9796" refString="Maverick, L. A. (1941). Pierre Poivre: eighteenth century explorer of Southeast Asia. Pac. Hist. Rev. 10: 165 - 177." type="journal article" year="1941">Maverick 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), so he apparently collected the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3E688827FFC9FFE4FF78FEF2FF6AFEFC" box="[136,227,262,284]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in late 1749 or early 1750.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E16C3685FFC9FFE4FF45FEDCFD47F863" blockId="2.[136,764,193,1923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2317F867FFC9FFE4FF45FEDCFE95FEDE" box="[181,284,296,318]" country="Vietnam" name="Hai Phong" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">Haiphong</collectingRegion>
|
||
is well beyond the geographic distribution of the douc (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85424B74FFC9FFE4FF03FEBFFEF0FE81" author="Fooden, J." box="[243,377,331,353]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" pagination="845 - 899" refId="ref8938" refString="Fooden, J. (1996). Zoogeography of Vietnamese primates. Int. J. Primatol. 17: 845 - 899." type="journal article" year="1996">Fooden 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Figure 1h;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85424B74FFC9FFE4FE07FEBFFD21FE81" author="Kirkpatrick, R. C." box="[503,680,331,353]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" pagination="337 - 372" refId="ref9322" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. C. (1998) Toward a gazetteer of the snub-nosed and douc langurs. In: Jablonski, N. G. (Ed.). The natural history of the Doucs and Snub-nosed monkeys. World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 337 - 372." type="book chapter" year="1998">Kirkpatrick 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85424B74FFC9FFE4FD44FEBFFF76FE63" author="Nadler, T. & Momberg, F. & Nguyen, X. D. & Lormee, N." pageId="2" pageNumber="355" refId="ref9904" refString="Nadler, T., Momberg, F., Nguyen, X. D., and Lormee, N. (2003). Vietnam primate conservation status review 2002 - part 2: leaf Monkeys. Frankfurt Zoological Society and Fauna & Flora International - Vietnam Program, Hanoi." type="book" year="2003">Nadler et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but Poivre
|
||
<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFC9FFE4FE78FE99FE07FE64" bold="true" box="[392,398,365,388]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">’</emphasis>
|
||
s journal recorded his arrival at Tourane (now
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2317F867FFC9FFE4FED9FE66FE0EFE46" box="[297,391,401,423]" country="Vietnam" name="Da Nang" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">Da Nang</collectingRegion>
|
||
) on
|
||
<date id="956D1045FFC9FFE4FE4CFE65FDD4FE46" box="[444,605,401,422]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" value="1749-08-29">29 August 1749</date>
|
||
and sailing to Faifo (now Hoi An) on 1 September. He remained mostly onboard until 15 September when the ship returned to Tourane and fully disembarked. On 18 September he set off for Hue (the then capital of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFC9FFE4FE37FDE9FDC5FDD3" box="[455,588,541,563]" name="Vietnam" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">Cochinchina</collectingCountry>
|
||
), crossing three mountains, including a tall, steep, rocky one (probably Mt Hai) whose extensive forests were teeming with diverse, interesting animals. He arrived at Hue on 22 September, in reputedly the rainiest year known. Poivre left Hue on 13 December, taking 7 h on 15 December to cross the
|
||
<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFC9FFE4FD78FD3EFD1BFD01" bold="true" box="[648,658,714,737]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">“</emphasis>
|
||
montagne de Haï
|
||
<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFC9FFE4FF3FFD19FF50FCE4" bold="true" box="[207,217,749,772]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">”</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85424B74FFC9FFE4FF19FD1AFE2AFCE4" author="Cordier, H." box="[233,419,749,772]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" pagination="364 - 510" refId="ref8339" refString="Cordier, H. (1887). Voyage de Pierre Poivre en Cochinchine (suite): journal d' un voyage a la Cochinchine depuis le 29 aoust 1749, jour de notre arrivee, jusqu' au 11 fevrier 1750. Revue Extreme-Orient 3: 364 - 510." type="journal article" year="1887">Cordier 1887: 452</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), on which hunting and habitat disturbance were forbidden, for fear of offending the spirits. He arrived at Faifo on 17 December, returning on 21 December to Tourane, from where a two-hour canoe journey on 22 December to the foot of Mt Hai saved him a long day
|
||
<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFC9FFE4FD1CFC8DFD7BFC70" bold="true" box="[748,754,889,912]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">’</emphasis>
|
||
s hard travel. Here he learnt that a boat hired to follow him from Hue had been deliberately wrecked with some of his possessions lost or stolen. He apprehended the skipper and took him to Hue on 25 December. On
|
||
<date id="956D1045FFC9FFE4FDE0FBF1FD3DFBFB" box="[528,692,1028,1051]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" value="1750-01-13">13 January 1750</date>
|
||
, he set off for Faifo, descending by river all night, and sleeping at the foot of Mt Hai. Crossing the mountain on 15 January, he reached a cove overlooking Tourane bay, spent 16 January at Tourane, and then reembarked for Faifo. In the middle of the river were three or four massive white marble rocks appearing on maps as the
|
||
<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFC9FFE4FE15FB21FE66FB0C" bold="true" box="[485,495,1237,1260]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">“</emphasis>
|
||
Sera de Bougio
|
||
<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFC9FFE4FD7FFB21FD10FB0C" bold="true" box="[655,665,1237,1260]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">”</emphasis>
|
||
(bugio is a Portuguese word for monkey) or
|
||
<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFC9FFE4FDF7FB0CFD98FAEF" bold="true" box="[519,529,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">“</emphasis>
|
||
montagne des Singes
|
||
<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFC9FFE4FD01FB0CFD72FAEF" bold="true" box="[753,763,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">”</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85424B74FFC9FFE4FF7FFAE8FED6FAD1" author="Cordier, H." box="[143,351,1308,1330]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" pagination="364 - 510" refId="ref8339" refString="Cordier, H. (1887). Voyage de Pierre Poivre en Cochinchine (suite): journal d' un voyage a la Cochinchine depuis le 29 aoust 1749, jour de notre arrivee, jusqu' au 11 fevrier 1750. Revue Extreme-Orient 3: 364 - 510." type="journal article" year="1887">Cordier 1887: 490</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (now Ngu Hanh Son or Marble Mountains, not the modern-day Monkey Mountain), and renowned throughout
|
||
<collectingCountry id="99C47615FFC9FFE4FE8AFA96FE74FA98" box="[378,509,1378,1400]" name="Vietnam" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">Cochinchina</collectingCountry>
|
||
for their extraordinary shape, with naturally formed paths, caves and small shelters. Then separated from the sea by a large sand flat, they seemed formerly marine, harboured monkey multitudes, and were covered with small shrubs whose roots entangled numerous large rock masses. Poivre reached Faifo at dawn on 17 January. On 4 February he moved to Tourane, sailing on
|
||
<date id="956D1045FFC9FFE4FF58F9A2FEDEF98C" box="[168,343,1621,1644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" value="1750-02-13">13 February 1750</date>
|
||
, after three days of adverse wind. Poivre himself therefore seems to have had little opportunity to collect the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3E688827FFC9FFE4FEFBF968FEE1F952" box="[267,360,1692,1714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, but on 23 November a mandarin warned him of the fateful consequences of Poivre
|
||
<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFC9FFE4FD5EF94AFD3AF935" bold="true" box="[686,691,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">’</emphasis>
|
||
s crew hunting with guns in consecrated mountains on days of prohibition (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85424B74FFC9FFE4FEFEF8F0FE1EF8FA" author="Cordier, H." box="[270,407,1796,1818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" pagination="364 - 510" refId="ref8339" refString="Cordier, H. (1887). Voyage de Pierre Poivre en Cochinchine (suite): journal d' un voyage a la Cochinchine depuis le 29 aoust 1749, jour de notre arrivee, jusqu' au 11 fevrier 1750. Revue Extreme-Orient 3: 364 - 510." type="journal article" year="1887">Cordier 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The incompleteness of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3E688827FFC9FFE4FD37F8F0FF3CF8DD" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
skin, preserved only with mandible and foot bones (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85424B74FFC9FFE4FF7FF8BEFEE3F8BF" author="Daubenton, L. - J. - M." box="[143,362,1866,1888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" refId="ref8481" refString="Daubenton, L. - J. - M. (1766) Description de Douc. In: Histoire naturelle, generale et particuliere, avec la description du Cabinet du Roi, Vol. 14. L' Imprimerie Royale, Paris, pp. 302 - 303." type="book" year="1766">Daubenton 1766: 302</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), indicates that a crew member shot it for meat near Tourane, while awaiting Poivre
|
||
<emphasis id="D3A7EA97FFC9FFE4FD9DF898FDFAF863" bold="true" box="[621,627,1900,1923]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">’</emphasis>
|
||
s return.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |