1027 lines
97 KiB
XML
1027 lines
97 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950" ID-GBIF-Dataset="07ba29ab-a802-4999-bc2c-c810f4c15eeb" ID-PMC="PMC4926625" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-590-1" ID-PubMed="27408540" ID-ZBK="BE34EA62E27346BB9FE64660953EDFE8" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-590-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 590" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the centipede genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) in mainland Southeast Asia, with description of a new species from Laos" checkinTime="1463538265886" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Siriwut, Warut, Edgecombe, Gregory D., Sutcharit, Chirasak, Tongkerd, Piyoros & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2016" docId="63F78C791053B1AD82D225BBD4ECBBDC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 590: 1-124" docOrigin="ZooKeys 590" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950" docTitle="Scolopendra dehaani Brandt 1840" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="8336627CFFD687314430512FFF89C507" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the centipede genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) in mainland Southeast Asia, with description of a new species from Laos" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1668163113681" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A taxonomic review of the centipede genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) in mainland Southeast Asia, with description of a new species from Laos</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Siriwut, Warut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Edgecombe, Gregory D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>590</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-590-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">BE34EA62E27346BB9FE64660953EDFE8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">BE34EA62E27346BB9FE64660953EDFE8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127864228" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:63F78C791053B1AD82D225BBD4ECBBDC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/63F78C791053B1AD82D225BBD4ECBBDC" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Taxon classification Animalia Scolopendromorpha Scolopendridae</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Brandt, 1840" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1840" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani Brandt, 1840</taxonomicName>
|
||
Figs 7A, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24and 25A
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">Scolopendra</pageBreakToken>
|
||
dehaani
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brandt, 1840: 152,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brandt, JF" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Scientifique publie par l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de Saint Petersbourg" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="293 - 328" title="Remarques Generales sur l'Ordre des Insectes Myriapodes." volume="7" year="1841">1841</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 59.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Newport, G" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History (series 1)" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="94 - 101" title="A list of the species of Myriapoda order Chilopoda contained in the cabinets of the British Museum with synoptic descriptions of forty-seven new species." volume="13" year="1844">Newport 1844</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 96,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Newport, G" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Linnean Society of London" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="265 - 302" title="Monograph of the class Myriapoda order Chilopoda; with observations on the general arrangement of the Articulata." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1842.tb00370.x" volume="19" year="1845">1845</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 394.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kohlrausch, E" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="50 - 132" title="Gattungen und Arten der Scolopendriden." url="10.5962/bhl.part.13209" volume="47" year="1881">Kohlrausch 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 47.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Meinert, FVA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="161 - 233" title="Myriapoda Musei Cantabrigensis, Mass. Part I. Chilopoda." url="10.5962/bhl.part.26797" volume="1885" year="1886">Meinert 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 203.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Flower, SS" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 48" title="Notes on the millipedes, centipedes, scorpions, etc., of the Malay Peninsula and Siam." volume="36" year="1901">Flower 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 21.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Siriwut, W" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" title="The centipede genus Scolopendra in mainland Southeast Asia: molecular phylogenetics, geometric morphometrics and external morphology as tools for species delimitation." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0135355" volume="10" year="2015 a">Siriwut et al. 2015a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 7, table 1, figs 1-2.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kronmueller, C" journalOrPublisher="Spixiana" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="19 - 27" title="Review of the subspecies of Scolopendrasubspinipes Leach, 1815 with the new description of the South Chinese member of the genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 named Scolopendrahainanum spec. nov." volume="35" year="2012">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kronmüller">Kronmueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 24, figs 3C, 4D, table 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subspinipes" subSpecies="dehaani">Scolopendra subspinipes dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
- Pocock 1891: 409,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pocock, RI" editor="Weber, M" journalOrPublisher="Brill, Leiden" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="307 - 404" title="Chilopoda, Symphyla and Diplopoda from the Malay Archipelago." volumeTitle="Zoologische Ergebnisse einer Reise in Niederlaendisch Ost-Indien" year="1894">1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 312.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (series 2)" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="707 - 760" title="I Chilopodi ed i Diplopodi di Sumatra e delle isole Nias, Engano et Mentavei." volume="14" year="1895">Silvestri 1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 714.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." volume="29" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 260.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="77 - 142" title="Javanische Myriopoden gesammelt von Direktor K. Kraepelin im Jahre 1903." volume="24" year="1907">Attems 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 80,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 398" title="Die indo-australischen Myriopoden." volume="80 A" year="1914 a">1914a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 106,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Walter de Gruyter, Berlin" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" title="Myriapoda 2. Scolopendromorpha." year="1930 b">1930b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 31,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National ďHistoire Naturelle" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="187 - 353" title="Die von Dr. C. Dawydoff in franzoesisch-Indochina gesammelten Myriopoden." volume="6" year="1938">1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 334,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris (Serie A)" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="133 - 230" title="Myriopoden von Indochina. Expedition von Dr. C. Dawydoff (1938 - 1939)." volume="5" year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 138.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Takakuwa, Y" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnologica" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="39 - 42" title="Myriapods of several local areas." url="10.2476/asjaa.7.39" volume="7" year="1942 c">Takakuwa 1942c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 41.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, Y-HM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="13 - 16" title="Records of myriapods on Formosa with description of new species." volume="8" year="1955 b">Wang 1955b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 16,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, Y-HM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="155 - 159" title="Records of Myriapods on Formosa with description of new species (2)." volume="9" year="1956">1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 158,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, Y-HM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="399 - 441" title="Serica IR-The millipedes of Malay Archipelago and South Sea Islands Singapore, Sarawak and Sumatra." volume="18" year="1965 b">1965b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 449.
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Schileyko 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 268,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="71 - 95" title="The scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda) of Vietnam, with contributions to the faunas of Cambodia and Laos. Part 3." volume="16" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 75. Chao and Chang 2003: 2.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lewis, JGE" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Myriapodology" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="83 - 122" title="A key and annotated list of the Scolopendra species of the Old World with a reappraisal of Arthrorhabdus (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae)." url="10.1163/187525410X12578602960380" volume="3" year="2010 b">Lewis 2010b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 113.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tran, BTT" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="219 - 244" title="An annotated checklist of centipedes (Chilopoda) of Vietnam." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3722.2.6" volume="3722" year="2013">Tran et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 230.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subspinipes">Scolopendra subspinipes</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jangi, BS" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="27 - 54" title="Scolopendridae of the Deccan." volume="43" year="1984">Jangi and Dass 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 30, figs 2-6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra childreni" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="childreni">Scolopendra childreni</taxonomicName>
|
||
Newport, 1844: 96.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." volume="29" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 260.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra concolor" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concolor">Scolopendra concolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
Newport, 1845: 394.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Daday, J" journalOrPublisher="Termeszentrajzi Fuezetek" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="115 - 156" title="A Magyar nemzeti muzeum indegenfoeldi Myriopodai - Myriapoda extranea Musaei Nationalis Hungarici." volume="12" year="1889">Daday 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 150,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Daday, J" journalOrPublisher="Termeszetrajzi Fuezetek" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="135 - 154" title="A Heidelbergi egyeten zooligiai gyuejtemenyenek idegenfoeldi myriapodai (Myriopoda extranea collectionis zoologicae Universitatis Heidelbergensis)." volume="14" year="1891">1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 188.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." volume="29" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 260.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra inermis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">Scolopendra inermis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Newport, 1845: 393.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Koch, CL" journalOrPublisher="Verlag H. W. Schmidt" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" title="Die Myriapoden" year="1863">Koch 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 64, pl. 29, fig. 55.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra inermipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermipes">Scolopendra inermipes</taxonomicName>
|
||
Koch, 1847: 153.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." volume="29" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 260.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra silhetensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silhetensis">Scolopendra silhetensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Newport, 1845: 393.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." volume="29" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 260.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra lucasii" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucasii">Scolopendra lucasii</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gervais, 1847: 270.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." volume="29" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 260.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra horrida" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="horrida">Scolopendra horrida</taxonomicName>
|
||
Koch, 1847: 154.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." volume="29" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 260.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra limicolor" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limicolor">Scolopendra limicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
Wood, 1861: 12.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." volume="29" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 260.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra bispinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bispinipes">Scolopendra bispinipes</taxonomicName>
|
||
Wood, 1862: 28.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." volume="29" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 260.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra fissispina" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissispina">Scolopendra fissispina</taxonomicName>
|
||
Koch, 1865: 891.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." volume="29" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 260.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra nudipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudipes">Scolopendra nudipes</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tömösváry">Toemoesvary</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1885: 67.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." volume="29" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 260.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra foveolata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foveolata">Scolopendra foveolata</taxonomicName>
|
||
Verhoeff, 1937: 220.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wuermli, M" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="88 - 104" title="Chilopoda von Sumba und Flores. I. Scolopendromorpha." volume="82" year="1972">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Würmli">Wuermli</normalizedToken>
|
||
1972
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 91.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra arborea" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arborea">Scolopendra arborea</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lewis, 1982: 389. Lewis 2010: 97. Syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Java, Indonesia.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Thailand - CUMZ 00325, one spm., Pha Mon Cave, Pang Ma Pha, Mae Hong Son (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="19.500444">19°30'01.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.278755">98°16'43.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00324, one spm., Wat Ban Mai, Mae Hong Son (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="19.298695">19°17'55.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.98708">97°59'13.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00323, one spm., Wat Tham Chiangdao, Chiang Mai (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="19.393555">19°23'36.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.9285">98°55'42.6"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00377, one spm., Wat Tham Pak Piang, Chiang Dao, Chiang Mai (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="19.402916">19°24'10.498"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.9313">98°55'52.691"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00378, one spm., Tham Chiang Dao, Chiang Dao, Chiang Mai (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="19.393267">19°23'35.758"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.929">98°55'44.412"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00379, five spms., Huai Hong Khrai, Doi Saket, Chiang Mai (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.857252">18°51'26.107"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.22273">99°13'21.827"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00346, one spm., Hui Hong Khrai, Chiang Mai (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.849611">18°50'58.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.22192">99°13'18.9"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00380, one spm., Suan Hin Maharat Stone Park, Long, Phrae (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.154186">18°9'15.072"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.986206">99°59'10.343"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00381, one spm., Lai Nan, Wieng Sa, Nan (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.611103">18°36'39.969"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.88812">100°53'17.242"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00382, two spms., Si Nan National Park, Na Noi, Nan (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.365826">18°21'56.97"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.83233">100°49'56.393"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00288, one spm., Phusang Waterfall, Phusang, Phayao (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="19.668055">19°40'05.0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.390305">100°23'25.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00243, Hub Pa-Tat, Larnsak, Uthai Thani. CUMZ 00276, one spm., Wat Tham Erawan, Ban Rai, Uthai Thani (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.033751">15°02'01.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.454605">99°27'16.6"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00329, one spm., Wat Phothikhun, Maesot, Tak (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.744223">16°44'39.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.604774">98°36'17.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00374, two spms., Wat Tham Namphu Khao Rong Kwang, Lansak, Uthai Thani (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.433115">15°25'59.212"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.58554">99°35'7.924"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00375, two spms., Wat Tham Khao Chakkachan, Chum Ta Bong, Nakhon Sawan (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.596814">15°35'48.533"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.5441">99°32'38.758"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00376, one spm., Wat Khao Huai Lung, Banphot Phisai, Nakhon Sawan (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.92829">15°55'41.844"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.87234">99°52'20.407"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00257,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">one</pageBreakToken>
|
||
spm., Wat Huai Lung, Banphot Phisai, Nakhon Sawan (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.92489">15°55'29.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.87444">99°52'28.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00256, one spm., Bang Ban, Ayutthaya (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.364278">14°21'51.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.489525">100°29'22.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00282, one spm., Wang Kanlueang Waterfall, Chai Badan, Lopburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.113723">15°06'49.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.11078">101°06'38.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00289, one spm., Wat Khao Somphot, Chai Badan, Lopburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.161722">15°09'42.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.28042">101°16'49.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00286, one spm., Chaloem Phra Kiat, Saraburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.669972">14°40'11.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.88594">100°53'09.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00371, one spm., Chet Sao Noi Waterfall, Muak Lek District, Saraburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.726517">14°43'35.463"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.18962">101°11'22.63"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00372, one spm., Phu Khae Botanical Garden, Chaloem Phra Kiat, Saraburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.669571">14°40'10.455"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.887054">100°53'13.401"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00373, one spm., Wat Tham Welu Wan, Suphanburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.951896">14°57'6.824"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.649216">99°38'57.176"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00364, one spm., Wat Mai Luak, Sai Yok, Kanchanaburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.437884">14°26'16.384"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.87218">98°52'19.822"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00365, two spms., Wat Tha Thung Na, Sai Yok, Kanchanaburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.494685">14°29'40.864"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.839264">98°50'21.332"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00268, one spm., Wat Namtok, Saiyok, Kanchanaburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.22986">14°13'47.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.06661">99°03'59.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00270, 00361, two spms., Wat Tham Lijia, Sangkhaburi, Kanchanaburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.070167">15°04'12.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.56639">98°33'59.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00362, two spms., Wat Khao I-San, Ratchaburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.38275">13°22'57.897"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.772606">99°46'21.374"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00363, one spm., Central Botanical Garden, Ratchaburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.60673">13°36'24.229"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.66044">99°39'37.584"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00253, one spm., Tham Khao Bin, Ratchaburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.593222">13°35'35.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.667305">99°40'02.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00241, one spm., Wat Huailat, Phu Ruea, Loei, Thailand (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="17.450111">17°27'00.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.41261">101°24'45.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00383, one spm., Wat Pa Huai Lat, Phu Ruea, Loei (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="17.438927">17°26'20.14"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.42145">101°25'17.223"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00277, two spms. and CUMZ 00384, five spms., Tham Pha Pu, Loei (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="17.578196">17°34'41.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.71086">101°42'39.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00292, one spm., Wat Tham Pak Khaew Chiang Khan, Loei (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="17.876112">17°52'34.0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.67244">101°40'20.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00247, one spm., Ban Dong Savanh, Phang Khon, Sakon Nakhon (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="17.47164">17°28'17.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.5035">103°30'12.6"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00266, one spm. and CUMZ 00392, one spm., Kham Hom Waterfall, Sakon Nakhorn (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="17.122194">17°07'19.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="104.01872">104°01'07.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00393, one spm., Wat Nikhom Kaset, Mukdahan (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.807308">16°48'26.312"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="104.71144">104°42'41.205"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00394, one spm., Pak Maenam Songkhram, Nakhon Phanom (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="17.639841">17°38'23.43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="104.45375">104°27'13.517"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00395, one spm., Cha Naen Waterfall, Bueng Kan (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.215084">18°12'54.298"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.88845">103°53'18.422"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00385, one spm., Tham Pu Lup, Chum Phae, Khon Kaen (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.796938">16°47'48.98"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.62529">102°37'31.026"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00386, two spms., Wat Tham Phra, Tha Khantho, Kalasin (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.862797">16°51'46.069"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.26589">103°15'57.202"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) CUMZ 00249, two spms., Ban Dan Chang, Tha Kantho, Kalasin (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.824805">14°49'29.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.693474">99°41'36.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00271, one spm., Wat Tham Phupha, Thakantho, Kalasin (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.801582">16°48'05.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.21041">103°12'37.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00275, two spms., Tha Tum, Mueang, Maha Sarakham (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.17561">16°10'32.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.44989">103°26'59.6"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00387, one spm., Wat Pa Khok Hinlat, Mueang, Maha Sarakham (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.168005">16°10'4.82"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.482574">103°28'57.255"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00287, one spm., Ban Phon Thong, Kaset Wisai, Roi-Et (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.666555">15°39'59.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.55303">103°33'10.9"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00369, one spm., Wat Pa Ka Thon, Wang Nam Khiao, Nakhon Ratchasima (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.410688">14°24'38.479"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.684326">101°41'3.581"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00370, two spms., Wat Tham Phrommachan Thamma Ram, Pak Chong, Nakhon Ratchasima (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.574735">14°34'29.046"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.27765">101°16'39.524"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00388, five spms., Khao Kradong Forest Park, Buriram (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.940614">14°56'26.209"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.089195">103°5'21.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00389, one spm., Phanom Sawai Forest Park, Surin (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.760923">14°45'39.325"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.36724">103°22'2.067"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00390, one spm., Mueang, Surin (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.869421">14°52'9.914"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.50608">103°30'21.877"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00284, one spm., and CUMZ 00391, six spms., Pa Son Nongkhu, Sangkhla, Surin (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.682139">14°40'55.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.76442">103°45'51.9"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00248, two spms., Kaeng Lamduan, Ubon Ratchathani (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.4375">14°26'15.0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="105.10186">105°06'06.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00279, one spm., Nang Rong Waterfall, Nakhon Nayok (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.33125">14°19'52.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.31919">101°19'09.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00252, one spm., Si Chang Island, Chonburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.152249">13°09'08.1"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.80814">100°48'29.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00258, two spms., Wat Khao Maidaeng, Sriracha, Chonburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="12.948889">12°56'56.0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.03664">101°02'11.9"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00320, one spm., Lan Island, Chonburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="12.918278">12°55'05.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.77884">100°46'43.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00285, one spm., Juang Island, Sattahip, Chonburi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="12.529555">12°31'46.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.95511">100°57'18.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00269, two spms., Samet Island, Ban Phe, Rayong (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="12.567861">12°34'04.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.45647">101°27'23.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00291, one spm., Wat Khao Sarp, Rayong (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="12.613">12°36'46.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.38855">101°23'18.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00254, one spm., Wat Khao Chakan, Sa Kaeo (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.660555">13°39'38.0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.08408">102°05'02.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00366, one spm., Wat Tham Khao Phrachan, Khao Chakan, Sa Kaeo (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.577127">13°34'37.66"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.094284">102°5'39.42"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00367, one spm., Tham Phet Pho Thong, Khlong Hat, Sa Kaeo (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.654353">13°39'15.671"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.49113">102°29'28.066"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00368, two spms., Wat Khao Phrom Suwan, Watthana Nakhon, Sa Kaeo (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.903024">13°54'10.886"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.51371">102°30'49.344"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00322, one spm., Tha Sen Waterfall, Trad (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="12.133083">12°07'59.1"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.706276">102°42'22.6"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00360, seven spms., Wat Khao Ma Rong, Bang Saphan, Prachuab Khiri Khan (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="11.2064">11°12'23.041"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.500404">99°30'1.442"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00326, one spm., Kreab Cave, Langsuan, Chumphon (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="9.817166">9°49'01.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.03767">99°02'15.6"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00359, one spm., Ban Tham Thong, Pathio, Chumphon (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.93333">10°55'59.984"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.490974">99°29'27.521"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00293, one spm., Tham Khao Kriab, Pathio, Chumphon (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="9.817028">9°49'01.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.03831">99°02'17.9"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00354, one spm., Tham Khao Phlu, Lamae, Chumphon (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="9.728084">9°43'41.103"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.10305">99°6'10.996"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00355, one spm., Wat Tham Khao Kriap, Chumphon (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="9.816208">9°48'58.347"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.03621">99°2'10.364"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00356, one spm., Ton Phet Waterfall, Kapong, Ranong (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="9.726682">9°43'36.056"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.61885">98°37'7.853"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00357, one spm., Wat Khao Sap, Ranong (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="9.964037">9°57'50.532"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.64132">98°38'28.765"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) CUMZ 00358, one spm., Bok Krai Waterfall, Ranong (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.375408">10°22'31.47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.85442">98°51'15.943"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00278, one spm., Bok Krai Waterfall, Kraburi, Ranong (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.376278">10°22'34.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.85508">98°51'18.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00262, one spm., King Rama V Stone park, Kraburi, Ranong (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.493528">10°29'36.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.90992">98°54'35.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00251, three spms., Sai Rung Waterfall, Takua Pa, Phang Nga (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.4406114">7°26'26.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.813194">99°48'47.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00261, one spm., Surin Islands, Phang Nga (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="9.449555">9°26'58.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.87717">97°52'37.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00273, two spms., Khao Phlai Dam, Sichon, Nakhon Si Thammarat (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="9.09261">9°05'33.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.906944">99°54'25.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00281, two spms., Klong Phot Waterfall, Nop Phitam, Nakhon Si Thammarat (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.8105">7°48'37.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.20555">99°12'20.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00351, one spm., Wat Tha Li-Phong, Chian Yai, Nakhon Si Thammarat (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="8.089074">8°5'20.669"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.13323">100°7'59.627"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00352, one spm., Tham Khamin, Ban Na San, Surat Thani (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="8.819355">8°49'9.678"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.371956">99°22'19.029"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00265, one spm., Kao Sok Resort, Phanom, Surat Thani (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="8.90525">8°54'18.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.52253">98°31'21.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00353, two spms., Ban Laem Thong, Chaiya, Surat Thani (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="9.409232">9°24'33.236"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.29362">99°17'37.035"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00267, one spm., Wat Huai To, Mueang, Krabi
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="8.227111">8°13'37.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.883804">98°53'01.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00263, two spms., Lanta Island, Krabi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.4988055">7°29'55.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.089005">99°05'20.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00283, 10 spms., Rog Nai Island, Koh Lanta, Krabi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.2201943">7°13'12.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.07019">99°04'12.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ CUMZ 00260, one spm., Wat Tham Suea, Krabi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="8.123917">8°07'26.1"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.92422">98°55'27.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00250, two spms., Ron Waterfall, Khlong Thom, Krabi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.935389">7°56'07.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.21041">99°12'37.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00255, one spm., Tham Rue Si, Kantang, Trang (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.476639">7°28'35.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.48444">99°29'04.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00259, one spm., Chao Mai Beach, Sikao, Trang (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.441056">7°26'27.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.34583">99°20'45.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00350, two spms., Thung Khai Botanical Garden, Trang (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.4685626">7°28'6.826"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.63559">99°38'8.117"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00346, one spm., Wat Tham Khao Chin, Satun (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.6425447">6°38'33.161"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.085815">100°5'8.924"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00347, one spm., Tham Ton Din, Kuan Don, Satun (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.721347">6°43'16.848"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.16495">100°9'53.819"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00348, one spm., Boriphat Waterfall, Rata Phum, Songkhla (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.994998">6°59'41.991"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 100°8'47.947'E). CUMZ 00349, one spm., Wat Hua Khao Chaison, Phatthalung (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.4365897">7°26'11.723"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.12899">100°7'44.344"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) 00264, one spm., Tham Malai, Phatthalung (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.6495275">7°38'58.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.10658">100°06'23.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00244, two spms., Wat Tham Phuthakodom, Sinakharin, Phatthalung (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.5603337">7°33'37.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.88536">99°53'07.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00274, five spms., Tham Wang Thong, Khuan Kanun, Phatthalung (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.681972">7°40'55.1"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.01578">100°00'56.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00280, one spm., Tham Su Mano, Srinakarin, Phatthalung (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.58675">7°35'12.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.86787">99°52'04.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). NHMUK, one spm., Trang, leg. Dr. David A. Wamell. NHMUK, two spms., Lamphun. NHMUK 1898.4.5-28.32, two spms., Bangkok, two spms., Ko Si Chang Island and one spm., Dong Phaya Fai, leg. S.S. Flower. NHMUK 1898.6.28.17-18, two spms., Kabin, Siam [Sa Kaeo, Thailand], leg. H. Way. NHMUK, one spm., Siam [Thailand], leg. W.H. Hillman. NHMW Inv. No. 774, one spm., Xieng-Zang near Mekong, Hinter-Indien [Chiang Saen, Chiang Rai, Thailand], January 1886.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Laos - CUMZ 00335, one spm., Ban Bun Tai, Phongsaly (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.40504">21°24'18.148"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.95758">101°57'27.294"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00396, one spm., Mueang Phong Sali, Phongsaly (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.507393">21°30'26.611"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.17424">102°10'27.28"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00399, one spm., Luang Prabang (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="19.886166">19°53'10.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.13783">102°08'16.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00246, one spm., Ban Xai Na Pho, Xekong (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.424528">15°25'28.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="106.609665">106°36'34.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00245, one spm., Ban Ka Soam, Attapue (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.821055">14°49'15.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="106.818054">106°49'05.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00332, one spm., Thung Hin Tang 39 km from Vietnamese border, Attapue (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.765931">14°45'57.353"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="107.13209">107°7'55.516"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00397, one spm., Tad-Fan, Pakse, Champasak (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.190482">15°11'25.735"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="106.12762">106°7'39.408"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00398, one spm., Khon Phapaeng Waterfall, Champasak (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.948112">13°56'53.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="105.940865">105°56'27.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Cambodia - CUMZ 00330, one spm., Angkor Wat, Siem Reap (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.412639">13°24'45.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.87075">103°52'14.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00331, one spm., Wat Tham Ban Kele, Srisophon (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.601528">13°36'05.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.95258">102°57'09.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Myanmar - NHMUK 1889.7.15.2, 16 juveniles and one adult spms., Thayelinyo, Burma, leg. E.W. Oates. NHMUK, eight spms., Mandalay, Burma, leg. Oates. NHMUK, one juvenile spm., Cqimana, Uflu, Burma [undetermined]. NHMUK 1889.7.15.10, one spm., Moulmein, Burma [Mawlamyaing District, Mon State], leg. E.W. Oates. NHMUK 1889.7.15.3, five spms., Tondwingyi, Burma. NHMUK 1889.5.15.5, one spm., Teikjyi near Rangoon [Yangon], Burma. NHMUK,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="25" start="start">two</pageBreakToken>
|
||
spms., Rangoon [Yangon], Burma, leg. Oates. NHMUK, one spm., Owen Island, Mergui Archipelago, Burma, leg. Dr. Anderson. NHMUK 1889.5.15.6, one spm., Ihawawaddy River [Irrawaddy River], Burma, leg. E.W. Oates (Cpt). NHMUK 1889.5.15.7, one spm., South Tenasserim Range, Burma, leg. E.W. Oates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Malaysia - NHMUK 1885.8.15.3.6, two spms., Kualin, Kedah, Malaysia, leg. S.S. Flower. NHMW Inv. No. 773, one spm., Penang, Siam [now Malaysia], leg. Skind, 1/2/1882. CUMZ 00336, one spm., Gumpung Baru, Gunung Genting, Perak (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.6944165">4°41'39.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.87945">100°52'46.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). CUMZ 00338, one spm., Klinic Desa, Kampung Panit Luar, Perak (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.938306">4°56'17.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.98336">100°59'00.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). NHMUK 1887.71, fifty-two spms., Perak, Malaysia, leg. L. Way Esq. NHMUK 1889.5.26.1, one spm., Perak, Malaysia, leg. J.H. Leech. CUMZ 00337, Gua Musang, Kelantan (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.869806">4°52'11.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.01128">102°00'40.6"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). NHMUK 1904.7.14.1-3, two spms., Kuala Kenting, Kelantan, Malaysia don. Imperial Institute. NHMUK(E) 200054 Chilo.1952.9.8.616, one spm., 2000 ft. in Koyan Forest, Sarawak, Oxford University Sarawak Expedition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Singapore - NHMUK, one spm., Singapore, labelled "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes var. concolor" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="subspinipes" variety="concolor">Scolopendra subspinipes var. concolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
", by Senniry. NHMW Inv. No. 775, one spm., Singapore, 1/1/1887, Aurora Expedition, leg. Swoboda, det. Attems C.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Indonesia - NHMUK 1893.5.13.2.30, two spms., east coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, leg. Mrs. Findlay. NHMW Inv. No. 8603, one spm., Java, Indonesia, with old label "Soumarak near Java", leg. Plason A., det. Attems C., 1874. NHMW Inv. No. 772, one spm., Java, 1882. NHMW Inv. No. 8602, one spm., West Java, leg. Ausbeute Kainy, det. Attems C. NHMW Inv. No. 37U, one spm., Java, Novara Expedition. NHMW, one spm., Java, 1/2/1882, leg. Breitensl. NHMW Inv. No. 1648, one spm., Java, 1/5/1879, don. Moscovics. NHMW Inv. No. 8604, one spm., Java, Indonesia, don. Moscovics, det. Attems C. in 1/5/1879. NHMW Inv. No. 8600, one spm., Buitenzorg [Bogor], Java, Indonesia, leg.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
, det. Attems C. NHMW Inv. No. 8605, six spms., Java, Indonesia. NHMW Inv. No. 8598, one spm., Java, Indonesia, leg. Adensamer, det. Attems C. NHMW Inv. No. 778, one spm., Java, Indonesia, don. Moscovics, det. Attems C. NHMW Inv. No. 779, one spm., Java, Indonesia, Novara Expedition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">China - NHMUK, one spm., Hong Kong by G. Browning.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Indian Territory - NHMW Inv. No. 768, one spm., India or Aracan, leg. Stoliczka in 1873. NHMUK, one spm., Chamba, Himalaya in Schlogin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mexico - NHMUK, one spm., Mexico, leg. California Academy of Science [probably introduced, if not mislabeled].</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Undetermined locality - NHMUK, 1894.8.23.7, one spm., unknown locality, leg. C. Hose Esq. NHMUK 1913.6.18.903, two spms.,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Côte">Cote</normalizedToken>
|
||
Malaga,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Koch’s">Koch's</normalizedToken>
|
||
collection; NHMUK, one spm., near mouth of Patam R. [possibly Karandag (Patam) River, Bangladesh].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
17-21 antennal articles, 6 basal articles glabrous dorsally. Each tooth-plate with 5-6 teeth. Tergites 3(4)-20 with paramedian sutures. Complete tergite margination from T7. Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment without depression or suture. Complete or incomplete paramedian sutures on sternites. Coxopleural process
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="25" pageNumber="26" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
|
||
two apical spines, absent lateral and dorsal spines. Ultimate leg prefemora with 0-1 M, 0-1 DM and prefemoral process with 1-4 spines. One tarsal spur on legs 1-19(20).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Composite description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Body length up to more than 25 cm (collections from Java, NHMW). Varied colouration; cephalic plate and segments monochromatic. Tergites usually brownish-orange with or without dark band on posterior border of tergites. Cephalic plate with small punctate on anterior part; median sulcus present. Posterior part of cephalic plate without paramedian sulci.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Antenna usually with 18 articles (17, 19 and 21 articles in some specimens), basal 6 subcylindrical and glabrous dorsally (Fig. 21A), 5-5.5 glabrous ventrally. Antennae reach segment 3-4. Forcipular trochanteroprefemoral process bearing denticles in two groups, one apical and 2-3 inner. Tooth-plates wider than long or nearly equivalent, 4-5 teeth on each side (Figs 21B, 23
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
; rarely 3, 7, 8 or 10). Tooth-plate with straight, transverse basal suture. Coxosternite smooth, without median suture (Fig. 21C, 23A). Article 2 of second maxillary telopodite with spur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Figure 19. Colouration changes and patterns during developmental stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A Juvenile stage B Sub-adult stage C Adult stage (specimen from northern Thailand).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Figure 20. Brooding and feeding behaviours: A
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibiting simple coiling with cluster of embryonic stadia (photograph by Natdanai Likhitrakarn) B
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra morsitans" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsitans">Scolopendra morsitans</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibiting double coiling with post-embryonic stadia
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
preying on snail-eating snake
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Pareatidae" genus="Pareas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pareas carinatus" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinatus">Pareas carinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
D Flexibility of trunk segments during predation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Figure 21.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CUMZ 00282): A Cephalic plate and trunk segments 1-2 B Tooth-plates C Forcipular segment
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||
Spiracles 3, 5 and 8, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Anterior margin of T1 underlying cephalic plate (Fig. 21A). Complete paramedian sutures from T4; margination typically starting on TT9-12 (14 in one spm. from Burma; NHMUK 1889.5.1.7). Tergite surface (Figs 22A, 23B, 24D) smooth, without median sulci. Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment (Figs 22E, 23E) curved posteriorly, without median furrow or depression; ratio of width: length of tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment 0.84:1. Paramedian sutures usually complete on sternites (Figs 22B, 24A), atypically confined to anterior 30-50% (Fig. 23F). Surface of sternite smooth (atypically with small pit on posterior part). Sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment (Fig. 22D) with sides converging posteriorly; surface of sternite without depression. Pore-field on coxopleuron terminating well beneath margin of tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment, anterior part of pore area widest (Figs 22C, 24E).</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Figure 22.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CUMZ 00268 and 00282): A Tergites 10-11 B Sternites 10-11 C Lateral view of coxopleuron D Sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment and coxopleura E Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||
ventral and dorsal view of ultimate leg prefemora.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Figure 23.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CUMZ 00365): A Forcipular segment B Tergites 9 and 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
Variation in teeth on tooth-plates E Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment F Sternites 9 and 10.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Figure 24.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CUMZ 00365): A Sternites 9-11
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
Spines on ultimate leg prefemora (dorsal and ventral views, respectively) D Tergite 9-11 E Lateral view of coxopleuron.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Coxopleural process moderately long or short with two apical spines (atypically 0-1 spines); pore-free area extending 90-100% length from distal part of coxopleural process to margin of sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment (Fig. 22D).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
All legs without setae and tibial spur. One tarsal spur on legs 1-19 or 20 in equal frequency. Ultimate legs: moderately long and slender, with ratios of lengths of prefemur and femur 1.1:1, femur and tibia 1.2:1, tibia and tarsus 2 1.6:1.; tarsus 1 and tarsus 2 2.3:1. Prefemora long and slender, flattened dorsally (Fig. 22G). Prefemoral spines (Figs 22
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 24
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
): 0 VL, 0-1 M, 0-1 DM and prefemoral process with 1-4 spines. Posterior margin of prefemur with shallow median groove.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Genital segments well developed, reaching longer than distance between posterior margin of sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment and distal part of coxopleural process. Sternite of genital segment 1 round and convex posteriorly, with median suture (Figs 7A, 25A). In male, sternite of genital segment 2 attached to penis. Tergites of genital segments without small setae. Gonopods with or without small setae. Penis with apical bristle.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Figure 25. Genital segment(s) in some preserved
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scolopendra</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens: A
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male) B
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(female) C
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra pinguis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinguis">Scolopendra pinguis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male) D
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra morsitans" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsitans">Scolopendra morsitans</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Colouration. This species is among those that exhibited the most varied colouration patterns.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Chao, JL" journalOrPublisher="KG, Saarbruecken, Germany" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" title="Scolopendromorpha (Chilopoda) of Taiwan. VDM Verlag Dr. Mueller Aktiengesellschaft & Co." year="2008">Chao (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested two major types of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scolopendra</taxonomicName>
|
||
colouration, referred to as monochromatic and dichromatic. The variability in colouration of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
has
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="26" pageNumber="27" start="start">been</pageBreakToken>
|
||
reported in Southeast Asia over the past century (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Flower, SS" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 48" title="Notes on the millipedes, centipedes, scorpions, etc., of the Malay Peninsula and Siam." volume="36" year="1901">Flower 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the present study, the colour patterns of growth stages have been photographed (Fig. 19). Recently, ontogenetic variation including specific changes in colouration has been discussed with reference to geographical distribution (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Siriwut, W" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" title="The centipede genus Scolopendra in mainland Southeast Asia: molecular phylogenetics, geometric morphometrics and external morphology as tools for species delimitation." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0135355" volume="10" year="2015 a">Siriwut et al. 2015a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These findings indicated that the colouration change might involve a heritable component among populations. A descriptive classification of colouration in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
is as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Colour morph 1: Dichromatic. All segments including cephalic plate dark brownish. Posterior border of tergites with a dark band. Antenna reddish brown. Pleuron with pale grey integument, all pleurites brownish. Legs chestnut brown, tibiae and tarsi dark purplish.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Colour morph 2: Dichromatic. All segments brown or yellowish orange. Posterior border of tergites with a dark band. Antenna yellowish orange. Pleuron with pale grey integument, pleurites pale grey. Legs dark brownish, tibiae and tarsi dark purplish.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Colour morph 3: Monochromatic. All segments including cephalic plate reddish brown. Antenna reddish brown. Pleuron with pale grey integument, pleurites brownish. Legs 1-18 yellowish, tibiae and tarsi reddish brown. Leg 20 and ultimate legs entirely reddish brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Colour morph 4: Dichromatic. Cephalic plate, TT1-2 and 19-21 bright reddish, rest of tergites brown. Posterior border of tergites with a dark band. Antenna yellowish or bright orange. Pleuron with pale grey integument, pleurites orange. Legs 1-19 yellowish, without secondary colouration on distal part. Leg 20 and ultimate legs entirely reddish.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Colour morph 5: Dichromatic. All segments including cephalic plate cherry reddish. Posterior border of tergites with a dark band. Antenna reddish or orange. Pleuron with grey integument, pleurites orange. All legs reddish.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
This is the largest centipede in Asia. A consistent character that is treated as diagnostic for this species is the absence of ventral spines on the ultimate leg prefemur.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses characters of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subspinipes">Scolopendra subspinipes</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.l. sensu Lewis (2010) but after morphological survey (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kronmueller, C" journalOrPublisher="Spixiana" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="19 - 27" title="Review of the subspecies of Scolopendrasubspinipes Leach, 1815 with the new description of the South Chinese member of the genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 named Scolopendrahainanum spec. nov." volume="35" year="2012">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kronmüller">Kronmueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and molecular delimitation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Siriwut, W" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="71 - 87" title="First record of the African-Indian centipede genus Digitipes Attems, 1930 (Scolopendromorpha: Otostigminae) from Myanmar, and the systematic position of a new species based on molecular phylogenetics." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3931.1.5" volume="3931" year="2015 b">Siriwut et al. 2015b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Siriwut, W" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" title="The centipede genus Scolopendra in mainland Southeast Asia: molecular phylogenetics, geometric morphometrics and external morphology as tools for species delimitation." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0135355" volume="10" year="2015 a">a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
species rank has been conferred to this name. The morphological variability in the extent of paramedian sutures recorded in some specimens might demand further examination. Three morphotypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the examined collections can de delimited as follow:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Morphotype 1: Complete paramedian sutures on tergites and sternites. This is the typical form of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Walter de Gruyter, Berlin" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" title="Myriapoda 2. Scolopendromorpha." year="1930 b">Attems (1930b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jangi, BS" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="27 - 54" title="Scolopendridae of the Deccan." volume="43" year="1984">Jangi and Dass (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, observed throughout the geographic range of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Morphotype 2: Paramedian sutures complete on tergites, confined to 20-30% length of sternites. This morphotype is observed in a specimen apparently from Bangladesh.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="27" pageNumber="28" start="start">Morphotype</pageBreakToken>
|
||
3: Paramedian sutures lacking on tergites on all segments (Fig. 24D) and confined to 10-20% length of sternites (Fig. 23F). This morphotype has been observed in spec. from Hong Kong and northern India and is common in Java.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Based on these morphotypes, we surmise that this variability might have a geographic basis and could suggest evidence of cryptic speciation. Molecular data are presently lacking for morphotype 3 in particular and, presently, we apply the specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brandt, 1840, throughout the entire geographic range. A morphological comparison through the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
|
||
geographical range is given in Table 7. In addition, we recorded some brooding and feeding behaviour of individuals in their natural habitat.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibited double coiling when guarding offspring in the brood chamber (Fig. 20A), similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra morsitans" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsitans">Scolopendra morsitans</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 20B). Two stages of feeding behaviour have been observed, which may be described as late foraging (Fig. 20D) and consumption stages (Fig. 20C). The centipede attached itself to the posterior part of the body of the snail-eating snake
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Pareatidae" genus="Pareas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pareas carinatus" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinatus">Pareas carinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Boie, 1828 and then advanced to the anterior part of the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="prey’s">prey's</normalizedToken>
|
||
body, stabbing the snake several times. The posterior part of the centipede hung twisted with a palm trunk by using the locomotory and ultimate legs. The period of consumption of the prey lasted approximately one to two hours after the initial recording; all somatic tissue was completely eaten by the centipede.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Table 7. Morphological survey of geographical variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations from different regions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<table pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<tr pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="2">Characters</th>
|
||
<th colspan="7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">Geographical distribution area</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">
|
||
Java
|
||
<sup pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1,2</sup>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">
|
||
Thailand, Laos and Cambodia
|
||
<sup pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1</sup>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">
|
||
Burma
|
||
<sup pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1</sup>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">
|
||
Malay Peninsula
|
||
<sup pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1</sup>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">
|
||
India
|
||
<sup pageId="27" pageNumber="28">3</sup>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">
|
||
China- Japan
|
||
<sup pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1</sup>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">
|
||
Mexico
|
||
<sup pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1</sup>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">ULBS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">PS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">APSAP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">AP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">AP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">AP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">AP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">AP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">APSAP</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">MDMSP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">MDMSP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">MDMSP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">MDMSP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">DMSP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">MDMSP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">MDMSP</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
One new subjective synonym is proposed for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The holotype and sole known specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra arborea" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arborea">Scolopendra arborea</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lewis, 1982 (NHMUK 1952.9.8.616) is approximately 40 mm in length, from an elevation of 2,000 ft. at Koyan Forest, Sarawak. It is here regarded as an immature specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lewis, JGE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="389 - 397" title="The scolopendrid centipedes of the Oxford University 1932 Sarawak Expedition." url="10.1080/00222938200770321" volume="16" year="1982">Lewis (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2010) noted that morphological characteristics of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra arborea" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arborea">Scolopendra arborea</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to some other Asian and one Pacific island species, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra puensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puensis">Scolopendra puensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Jangi & Dass, 1984,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra gracillima" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">Scolopendra gracillima</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra hardwickei" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hardwickei">Scolopendra hardwickei</taxonomicName>
|
||
Newport, 1844, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra metuenda" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metuenda">Scolopendra metuenda</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pocock, 1895. In its original description,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra arborea" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arborea">Scolopendra arborea</taxonomicName>
|
||
was noted to have a colouration pattern similar to juveniles of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
, i.e., the cephalic plate and last two segments black, the other tergites bright orange, the legs bright blue with blackish lateral lines. Its taxonomic characters appear very close to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the apparent differences being the number of spines on the coxopleural process (one in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra arborea" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arborea">Scolopendra arborea</taxonomicName>
|
||
versus two in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and tergite margination starting from T20 or only T21 margination (reaching more forward to anterior segments in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
). According to our study, the number of apical spines on the coxopleural process of adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
is quite strictly two, but on some occasions a single minute apical spine is present in small sub-adult and juvenile specimens. Morover, our re-examination of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra arborea" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arborea">Scolopendra arborea</taxonomicName>
|
||
indicated that tergite margination starts from T15, which decreases the distinction from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
. An unusual morphological feature of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra arborea" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arborea">Scolopendra arborea</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the expansion of the peritrema on the spiracle of segment 3 to cover part of the tri-crescentic flaps. This atypical feature may be ontogenetic variation or the effect of muscle contraction or extension around the spiracle margin which might be affected by fixation. Without other significant diagnostic characters to distinguish this species from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is abundant on the mainland and on some islands in Southeast Asia, we synonymise
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra arborea" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arborea">Scolopendra arborea</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dehaani" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">Scolopendra dehaani</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Widespread species in the Southeast Asian mainland and some islands (Fig. 18). The first occurrence was reported from Java, Indonesia. In this study, we provide all recorded localities of this species in Asian territory, together with some localities in which the species might be introduced, as follows: Southeast Asia: probably this is the native distribution area of this species according to population abundance and genetic structure. Population density is high throughout mainland territory especially in synanthropic areas but populations are more scattered in montane areas. The currently known distribution is as follows: Thailand (entirely), Laos (Vientiane, Khammouane, Phongsaly and Savannakhet), Cambodia (Siem Reap), Vietnam (fide
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tran, BTT" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="219 - 244" title="An annotated checklist of centipedes (Chilopoda) of Vietnam." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3722.2.6" volume="3722" year="2013">Tran et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Poulo Condore, Quang Binh, Nghe An, Dak Lak, Kon Tum, Ba Ria), Myanmar (Mergui Archipelago, Rangoon (Yagon) and Mandalay), Malaysia (Kelantan, Perak, Penang, Kedah, Selangor, Johore and Sarawak), Singapore, Indonesia (Kota Bogor (Java), Solok, Si-Rambe?, Singgalang Mountain (Sumatra), Anambas and Ambon islands) and Philippines. East Asia: China (Hong Kong and Hainan), Japan (Okinawa) and Taiwan (Hualien). South Asia: India (Himachal Pradesh (Chamba Himalaya), West Bengal (Calcutta), Karnakata, Andaman and Nicobar Islands), Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. Central America: Mexico (probably introduced).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |