426 lines
50 KiB
XML
426 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="57E8B3FF2AD1C47A9C21CB8A8FF82AE7" ID-CLB-Dataset="34666" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.9298" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9144ff36-0676-4cfe-aecf-be60d4a41c27" ID-PMC="PMC5126525" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-630-115" ID-PubMed="27917043" ID-ZooBank="D6C6DD9117F94ED5B652879FE56697D4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-630-115" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 630" ModsDocTitle="Systematics of Ecnomiohylatuberculosa with the description of a new species and comments on the taxonomy of Trachycephalustyphonius (Anura, Hylidae)" checkinTime="1478751813692" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ron, Santiago R., Venegas, Pablo J., Ortega-Andrade, H. Mauricio, Gagliardi-Urrutia, Giussepe & Salerno, Patricia E." docDate="2016" docId="59EAEE29380CF369B91AA19F9FEDBCAA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 630: 115-154" docOrigin="ZooKeys 630" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.9298" docTitle="Tepuihyla tuberculosa Boulenger 1882" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="FFF6FF84FFB42650FF930A7BFFF8FFE6" masterDocTitle="Systematics of Ecnomiohylatuberculosa with the description of a new species and comments on the taxonomy of Trachycephalustyphonius (Anura, Hylidae)" masterLastPageNumber="154" masterPageNumber="115" pageNumber="126" updateTime="1701382945716" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="47440A23C1AFAB29C588A73D38516227" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="E775620427F248420B4C3B50996AF717">
|
||
<mods:title id="744758AEEB783F2B0895C8DA1B156AC3">Systematics of Ecnomiohylatuberculosa with the description of a new species and comments on the taxonomy of Trachycephalustyphonius (Anura, Hylidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="4C3CC29AB6EAB2094349DC8A9F6F0179" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="DD21BDAD11BBCF6515DA2F3E809AB57F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="4D2B07545C7CC92FA5748CA4B18A05F9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0C3D1D65E98561FCD93FA94B9FFE826B">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="7D51FFEB503A3E9E4FDCD4DD580FC896" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="343B6120DF6713632061A05053EDE7A5">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D828B010617D95A6CC73E35854B4C0F5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="979EB1C53BA6D37C2942076F9B7B0BD4">Venegas, Pablo J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="3EE14BFA4F0334A52D83221DDBF91710" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="6DF6BB9BE987F10E82BC337D4C67403E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="1FB2B0AA82363A8A7066D10C48805DF2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="AF90B044F2CAB09237C5A04C17C00771">Ortega-Andrade, H. Mauricio</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="D02CACDB5F0AF62C3F8447C78943B985" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="70B1FBE9003C6B517E63E87341EC557C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="638FAFAA99911C6E6C91C491CBAE5C7F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B549E2A17075F3D563767481AF1A96C3">Gagliardi-Urrutia, Giussepe</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="062AB1F7421E1A40BC14ED1F229F8B54" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E6377B02D5B93CB42C3AA6AC250C4A5E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="26B66F7079201F6EDB2F665A2B49914A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="5106BAF1EBF97EA5669687EEE3533D14">Salerno, Patricia E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="F6BC4459FB93BF4598AC281DF0FA5499">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="5B338B9A57FF5AF5E1263B98F2E2B1E4" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="0AFF4503F91F440BBA4A71E090C7769D">
|
||
<mods:title id="51FA19A9C0B9B744040FBE5DCE100529">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="24E063F7E4CE1250075785585E1D2D26">
|
||
<mods:date id="FF9FD6AB13A84FA14398B5C841F6974A">2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="6DD7BBD93177B90761858C10893041D2" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="6F42E0AA05723BF2A583552FAA360C05">630</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="ADE151F92ABD8B8205084CEE8854E480" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="8836C4FD1F9FE5B292299D15E8232B46">115</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="45F5E6A15BBFE23948F496B5C53A3DD4">154</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="69D7D347EC732B066A607A03B64CF09E">
|
||
<mods:url id="F788A80934605F6378E8846F4F0AEED4">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.9298</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="B0E975B111EBAC239B2287D03973963F">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C205DD0EDE3ED46DA0ED00DD926EEA94" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.9298</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="0F7D43516CE6800827F47E62EFDBA89A" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-630-115</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5F54DC957246A53964AB2DC6586F56F6" type="ZooBank">D6C6DD9117F94ED5B652879FE56697D4</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="59EAEE29380CF369B91AA19F9FEDBCAA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127881012" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59EAEE29380CF369B91AA19F9FEDBCAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/59EAEE29380CF369B91AA19F9FEDBCAA" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<subSubSection id="F3FFA30A431B5DFDDD588E30120C1436" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="E08D6248CB2A1199893976252D2C69B5" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Taxon classification Animalia Anura Hylidae</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="21539EC2BFAF4F939308B26EC7DFFA1E" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="76D5E0152E3963D019680750F1B0E411" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DF1EB8C289174EEFF5CB3D60D6AA09A" ID-CoL="7BQCM" authority="Boulenger, 1882" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa (Boulenger, 1882)</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="98B4CD06B724853619AC056E766905C2" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="410B23D12E1A7802236821B5D2F38B75" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="655F5ECD7DAB298153E9B8DD6FD764DE" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Hyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40AA14BF36CB1790F6A51996E5B068EB" author="Boulenger, GA" journalOrPublisher="British Museum, London" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" title="Catalogue of the BatrachiaSalientia. Ecaudata in the Collection of the British Museum" year="1882">Boulenger 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Holotype BMNH 1947.2.13.34
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3D80B1F4240173E02C6E69AF1901589F" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FDC68AC459573C6289ECAA1B16312E6" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Ecnomiohyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ecnomiohyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Ecnomiohyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BEB86572E6285A1FB65CB8137BC0CD88" author="Faivovich, J" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" pagination="6 - 228" title="Systematic review of the frog family Hylidae, with special reference to Hylinae: phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision." url="10.1206/0003-0090(2005)294[0001:SROTFF]2.0.CO;2" volume="294" year="2005">Faivovich et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E7A58EED8890DB1DA838850A4318870E" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="6EA9E88952BD98E0CBEB17F0C70B8D2E" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="84449942C1FAFADD9892248AC67C4721" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
|
||
Sub adult female with SVL 67.6 mm (Fig. 4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5EC2BAA909F37F621093C6E53CE03C38" originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
|
||
). The description of the holotype provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BBA998DEBBDDD4ED8307F8107DC815A3" author="Boulenger, GA" journalOrPublisher="British Museum, London" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" title="Catalogue of the BatrachiaSalientia. Ecaudata in the Collection of the British Museum" year="1882">Boulenger (1882)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is adequate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9D4812883FF202217BFC81FD23B18C8B" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="29CCEF0A1D1E8C5E791A62E4AC717FB6" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5287938EFFB33DD3AE02AE6AC80C6044" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
|
||
In this section coloration pertains to preserved specimens unless otherwise noted. A large-sized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AC5421FF6D33B9435A4D4D4850D2A72D" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tepuihyla</taxonomicName>
|
||
differing from other known species in the genus by the following combination of characters: (1) SVL in males 79.3-86.2 mm (n = 5), SVL in females 67.6-85.7 mm (n = 2); (2) skin on dorsum coarsely tuberculate, covered by small tubercles with scattered large tubercles; tubercles without keratinized tips; (3) skin on flanks covered by large tubercles; (4) webbing between fingers extensive but without reaching the proximal border of the disks, hand webbing formula I2 -2 II1 -2 III
|
||
<normalizedToken id="99925F67C56DF99538D830A9DE233E8A" originalValue="1½">11/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
-1IV to I2-2+II1-2III2 -1IV (Fig. 7A); webbing between toes extensive and reaching the proximal border of the disks on at least three toes, foot webbing formula I0+-1+II0+-1 III0+-1+IV1+- 0+V to I1+-
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E9EDECE9B7FAB7773BCCEDA443A89C9C" originalValue="1½II1-1+III1+-1½IV1½">11/2II1-1+III1+-11/2IV11/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
- 0+V (Fig. 7B); (5) dorsal coloration in life greenish cream or brownish cream with scattered dark brown reticulations, anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs and hidden surfaces of shanks yellowish orange; (6) ventral coloration whitish cream and webbing between fingers and toes pale orange; (7) suborbital mark absent, clear
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="AAD6E93F8BB13D7FA1EDA603771677E1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" start="start">labial</pageBreakToken>
|
||
stripe present, faint and with some brown spots; (8) coloration on flanks similar to dorsal coloration except for greenish yellow axilla and groins and whitish gray ventrolateral area; (9) skin on upper surface of head not co-ossified with underlying cranial elements, cranial crest slightly exostosed; (10) in life, bones green; (11) small triangular dermal flaps form serrate fringe along the ventrolateral margin of the forearm and along the outer edge of Finger IV; heels bearing two or three enlarged fleshy conical tubercles surrounded by few smaller round tubercles; small triangular dermal flaps form serrate fringe along ventrolateral margin of tarsus and outer margin of Toe V; (12) adults, in life, have cream iris with a coppery hue and scattered thin black reticulations; (13) vocal sac is white, single and subgular, (14) a juvenile is similar to adults in coloration but with dorsal background coloration brownish cream and a black medial stripe in the iris; (15) larvae unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4B5132F0C39E04D8FF8FD204861C188F" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<paragraph id="E363E416DBD843A2D7D8AA3BA3D0CFD3" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
Figure 7. Ventral views of the left hand and foot of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10CDD8F4164020C133702FDC4CBB7CEE" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tepuihyla</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1112979003DCB6CFA79F91F4B60BD8CC" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94B74E7F772DDDF6F36FFCFEC264FD68" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. n. (Parque Nacional
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1E5E9DBEDAA795C201718992BD750BDD" originalValue="Yasuní">Yasuni</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Ecuador, SVL = 86.2 mm, QCAZ 52855, adult male)
|
||
<normalizedToken id="80186D442E14DB03330C6C8250028907" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20E15BDC2C9D0B0FD043311CAB6EB7EA" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Tepuihyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. (Ere River, Peru, SVL = 85.4 mm, CORBIDI 12513, adult male).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6AC50A76FFB971BB6859CF41DDF6F8F2" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A28E21E7027C54F6A318C4DA4BD98939" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all congeneric species (in parenthesis), except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED298A10A892EE5FF9784F03F58448CE" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Tepuihyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., in having a larger size: SVL in males 79.3-86.2 mm (n = 5), SVL in females 67.6-85.7 mm (n = 2) (maximum SVL 59.2 mm in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7ECFD3F5228D4167D0C77B98802D1592" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tepuihyla</taxonomicName>
|
||
), having extensive webbing in the hands (basal webbing) and a serrate fringe along the ventrolateral margin of the forearm (absent). Other differences are listed on Table 4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A001F9CD8CEA8B5A56D504601C663BF5" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<paragraph id="C49AA1EF0AB3A3A70DC1871474410E45" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
Table 4. Qualitative morphological characters of frogs of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E162360D83F550D520E9C873AA79B6EC" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tepuihyla</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Data was obtained from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF77984D481CC12017AA3884B0719619" author="Ayarzagueena, J" journalOrPublisher="Memoria de la sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" pagination="113 - 142" title="El grupo Osteocephalusrodriguezi de las tierras altas de la Guayana venezolana: descripcion de cinco nuevas especies." volume="52" year="1992">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AC50877FFD18470F6B41245DF5237727" originalValue="Ayarzagüena">Ayarzagueena</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 1992
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0732178C6C25CA2DED7AD726D36A97BE" author="Duellman, WE" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History University of Kansas" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" pagination="1 - 21" title="Some hylid frogs from the Guiana Highlands, northeastern South America: new species, distributional records, and a generic reallocation." volume="147" year="1992">Duellman and Hoogmoed 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8FA5D5318C19E59A02F71A31FAA923BE" author="Gorzula, S" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Guaianae" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" pagination="1 - 267" title="Contribution to the herpetofauna of the Venezuelan Guayana. I. A database." volume="8" year="1998">
|
||
Gorzula and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C5C5B68739BEFC96BD767F9302D2F3F2" originalValue="Señaris">Senaris</normalizedToken>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F7EFE7831507EFCB89974BB8B914BD1" author="Kok, PJR" journalOrPublisher="Abc Taxa" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" pagination="1 - 279" title="Introduction to the amphibians of Kaieteur National Park, Guyana." volume="5" year="2008">Kok and Kalamandeen 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E45345F7E3C97A140DB64FF5B789BC4D" author="Kok, PJR" journalOrPublisher="Salamandra" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" pagination="283 - 314" title="Out of the taxonomic limbo: a name for the species of Tepuihyla (Anura: Hylidae) from the Chimanta Massif, Pantepui region, northern South America." volume="51" year="2015">Kok et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A98704DD9EB6CECD2807FF9330CDF3EA" author="Mijares-Urrutia, A" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" pagination="1099 - 1110" title="Una nueva especie de Tepuihyla (Anura: Hylidae) del noroeste de Venezuela con comentarios sobre su biogeografia." volume="47" year="1999">Mijares-Urrutia et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="A9B57DD5D2C74BF91029F65CEF6E28CE" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<table id="FF84CE72CB28DDF8C80D67BD7B89D7F8" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<tr id="E019CA1D72BEF014F1CFB86C36902805" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<th id="D454C3E3536691BC9F85AB600EB60453" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">Serrate fringes on limbs</th>
|
||
<th id="BEF82BABA82603530738CEF50F9FE8D5" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">Maximum size females (mm)</th>
|
||
<th id="A264775D27F2DC14447B49A29EF01345" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">Dorsum</th>
|
||
<th id="32954A8DF2E720D8EBE016C374E4357E" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">Tubercles on jaw</th>
|
||
<th id="AE2599F8F633517BA3178FC456F05936" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">Webbing between fingers</th>
|
||
<th id="3EC8E5905AB0E2173AFDCA55FF935600" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">Vocal sac</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A63356251337BD1AB0A238BDE86B16A9" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<td id="3C7DCB97DFA1AB27BA443937EB692AE4" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84F128A85982BDD1C53B816CF0496252" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla aecii" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aecii">Tepuihyla aecii</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D264BC08E8632B88913FB7342A6D4729" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<td id="4AE1E5BBDAFDECA9C5D7A4DB1DEE65B0" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80BB29327740937CA92E8A710BA6B8A1" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla edelcae" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edelcae">Tepuihyla edelcae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CBC3EB6FE0E96271179B646E6F4B67CE" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<td id="91FB43A3BF13596E4A6A89F15490FC0C" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="694D865A938D7701E609871F1CD9192C" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla exophthalma" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exophthalma">Tepuihyla exophthalma</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4C556AAB0A8EB5ECC861719F95737E2C" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<td id="B41E22EDF32CEA42D4ED799804F4F9CB" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="903A42F73938FFBB5E2574E97211B48A" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla luteolabris" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luteolabris">Tepuihyla luteolabris</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="98824D50A0AB147B955FE660DB9D5D64" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<td id="3124BEB10D1A40E6F68EF1124F9B7B0A" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4F581DE8F028023CEE77BF555E47068" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla rodriguezi" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rodriguezi">Tepuihyla rodriguezi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="74D2FE83BF8835A2E01E87A94D34CA91" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<td id="702D776C54D9EA9257D42EDD810CFCFC" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7B8EBC7444891D2E1D6483605E3145BE" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Tepuihyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59AE496FA30B35F0E9060F7C507FC921" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<td id="B4632E19508454DF854DED89D1C8BBA9" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB7F616D44781D1FE98D802956E2D0EF" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="C63DE8F161BC797DAC1F1E4467AD0829" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<td id="1DDE5B8B899A8E2FB6CFAD36B61055A7" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A795A4C59D1CC6D0E8F967E259738CE2" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla obscura" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obscura">Tepuihyla obscura</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D35727805521EDE26C628EEA75AEA9AB" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<td id="1798ACECFCA02A81124B74D04E8C2EC0" colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE189E8503E6A6DCA3BF008E2587213" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla warreni" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warreni">Tepuihyla warreni</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="67835841A06804996E9F169E17E2DCCB" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D3722E7CE40EE5BB2B3B33FACAB64A91" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA3EBB69BFBCC3564F4444088FCC80A2" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Tepuihyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="921DB0DC892E6D4021A9143CA0E88BF9" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Tepuihyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. (character states in parenthesis) in having cream iris in life (iris cream with reddish periphery), dorsum covered with small tubercles intermixed with few large tubercles (dorsum covered with small tubercles intermixed with abundant large tubercles; Figs 3-5); in preservative, its dorsum is light cream or cream with a coppery hue and brownish cream to creamy coppery large tubercles (dorsum light brown with large brownish cream or creamy coppery tubercles with a dark brown posterior border).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AB4F57317FF764014BE5DBE3A6756031" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
also resembles the Amazonian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C703A368B5B2B902419EA89F0CF668D" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachycephalus cunauaru" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cunauaru">Trachycephalus cunauaru</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8F773CD05B04B668C3DDDED7928014D" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachycephalus resinifictrix" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="resinifictrix">Trachycephalus resinifictrix</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differs from both species in having serrate fringes on the limbs and tubercles on the lower jaw (both absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B008E8FA814A744B501824F5FA8DB739" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachycephalus" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trachycephalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Fig. 8).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7AA84E5ABC1CD21EC10049A77879D5B" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
is easily distinguished from all other large Amazonian treefrogs in having fully webbed hands and feet, coarsely tubercular skin on dorsum, and serrate dermal fringes on the outer margin of the forearm and foot.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42F8F521E444E22C617F7976EBCDA602" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Cruziohyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cruziohyla craspedopus" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="craspedopus">Cruziohyla craspedopus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66A9AABA9E945F9F74B7D68785D367E3" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendropsophus marmoratus" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratus">Dendropsophus marmoratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
also have dermal fringes on the outer margin of the foot, but the former is distinguished by its deep green dorsum, vertically elliptical pupils in a bicolored iris (pale silver with yellow borders), smooth skin on dorsum and elongate calcar on the heel. The smaller
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E0895303218125789ADB97373B065F5" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendropsophus marmoratus" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratus">Dendropsophus marmoratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibits a bright yellow belly with black spots or mottling (uniform yellowish-tan in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7ADF225DD9B0E3C9BEA5EFCD252F934E" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="542074C70A3CD0CDD98C5EBC0DF5F325" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<paragraph id="DB8C7420C0D20C5667AACBFB39A3B9A3" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
Figure 8. Dorsolateral views of Amazonian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79342ED74C11B3239DE810CAF60EE1D8" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachycephalus" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trachycephalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC30982602EC5B4B1E70BE8D2C50E33" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachycephalus helioi" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helioi">Trachycephalus helioi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Juruti,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5E013D2052BAE008CC2C023FED23C1C7" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil B
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2A1025FA2497159C4C617B53E872F969" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachycephalus resinifictrix" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="resinifictrix">Trachycephalus resinifictrix</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Juruti,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="64B14A01C77EABBB6A016C5A1385DE30" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil C
|
||
<taxonomicName id="808194D73BEDE2F838B4620338CE4C0F" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachycephalus cunauaru" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cunauaru">Trachycephalus cunauaru</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Santa Izabel do Rio Negro, Amazonas, Brazil
|
||
<normalizedToken id="473FB7C82E263A50E3CEDD7382855216" originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97080A33A039B586D1CEA2B82E1035EB" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachycephalus typhonius" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="typhonius">Trachycephalus typhonius</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Village de Ouanary, French Guiana F
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BE3290023FEB8630B0EAA964E57A980" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachycephalus typhonius" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="typhonius">Trachycephalus typhonius</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Matiti, French Guiana. Photographs:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="71C87B0D4D9F0C0510A2F8B0C460FA75" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
by M. Gordo,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D855BE34CD30E78144C1F8BCD5406006" originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||
by Daniel Baudain, F by Vincent Premel.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C861AF88CC11563FC22D618297965C0A" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="33F05582D0E7B5EE2405CAA85B551629" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="273E0445224930E3ADB713DD96EEDBFF" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
|
||
In this section, coloration refers to preserved specimens unless otherwise noted. Morphometric data for adult specimens are summarized in Table 5, whereas variation in dorsal coloration of preserved specimens is shown in Figure 5. Dorsal coloration varies between light cream (e.g., QCAZ 55423) and cream suffused with a coppery hue (e.g., QCAZ 52855) with brownish cream or creamy coppery enlarged tubercles, bearing scattered dark brown reticulations or marks. In all specimens the belly and ventral areas of thighs are lighter than those of the holotype probably
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="88F61966DE16AE52FB064A7B0E9D80A5" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" start="start">because</pageBreakToken>
|
||
they were collected more recently. Head is rounded in dorsal view, wider than long; the snout is truncate in dorsal view and truncate (e.g. QCAZ 32716) in profile. The largest male has 86.2 mm SVL (average = 82.9
|
||
<normalizedToken id="842AC66A49293943DF08A37BDFA225F0" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.7 mm, n = 5) and the largest female 85.7 mm (Table 5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7C1BA74210FC20EF1FC24AAF9F47BCED" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<paragraph id="296BAE71DFDD6420822382A0CEF6BADF" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
Table 5. Descriptive statistics for measurements of adult Amazonian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFA145F14A8060F51C2B42E008279DB1" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tepuihyla</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Mean
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4A816144344D70ED3A46C4C927FCDCDF" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
SD is given with range in parenthesis. Abbreviations are: SVL = snout-vent length; FOOT = foot length; HL = head length; HW = head width; ED = eye diameter; TD = tympanum diameter; TL = tibia length; FL = femur length. All measurements are in mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="A8121AFE182DF03B4152CFDAA9392612" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<table id="97AEF217593272FE834E8FAFF3091B5F" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<tr id="DE0D48309D0B89788AAA2D216C6F8A69" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<th id="E1C014B2BFAD46C7088327B0AA706A81" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B9330F829AF569970D44BB2DFCAB569C" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Tepuihyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Male
|
||
<named-content id="7D89EB4C6AF24904F11FF2AE2AD72178" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">CORBIDI</named-content>
|
||
12513
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="840ACD6A6E4836B3C49FAD442728B581" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8E39BCA5CC3828FC8DF2263D6191C95" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. n. Female
|
||
<named-content id="FB242CBD8883770493BCB929740DE434" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">QCAZ</named-content>
|
||
32716
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="0DF93C1FF943008302329136A08A07CB" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CDFE38E7FE66C84844D92E957070D47" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. n. males (n = 5)
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CB3BE4D3C5FCA885E31FF78C796E10BD" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<td id="A019D44ACA91A4BD3BD99234F2D7E03B" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">SVL</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="2D3747AC07FB939FFEE8181CEE5CCBBA" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<td id="D03DA0573499C38CA4293AD9D52972F3" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">FOOT</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3DDDC24FEA0F0E620DBC0E2F15E674F4" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<td id="9C806253C4CC1B7EF5C26FD26F027C6F" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">HL</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE545292B644759E86092C488E224664" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<td id="AFDF9AEC9EE611907EB84DCEB9D1E01C" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">HW</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4FFB69CB84BB22B690E442607A5A9975" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<td id="66492A8DFBC25A5ED220C5CC76DD6886" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">ED</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="8D174E8794F8EEF36DFBBCDDFB95BB97" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<td id="03C19595692007F8FA796E98DE4FF66A" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">TD</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="FE78E346142D6BE31479C88EB61F17DC" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<td id="C88EED94B6748CC129179B449B3C44D6" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">TL</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3E265235D08150B390F6FBA7E4183595" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<td id="6264DF810EAC3343628D36A194AEC242" colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">FL</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="17091DE7595B9C85A05B03B774FA0BE6" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" type="coloration in life">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A8B66F8BEFB8B10A817E3BC03B0FEA8" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">Coloration in life.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B197170D0CAEEDCE07CFD8A3BA222A65" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
Dorsal coloration is greenish cream with scattered brown marks or reticulations, top and sides of head are more greenish in some specimens (e.g. QCAZ 52855); lips greenish with scattered small dark brown marks; supratympanic fold delineated by a thin brown edge, tympanic membrane lighter than the background; flanks with coloration similar to dorsum; axilla and groin pale orange, ventrolateral region whitish cream, limbs with faint brown transversal bands; dorsal surfaces of hands and feet, including webbing, greenish cream with scattered dark brown marks; discs pale green. Throat, chest and belly are white but some specimens have an orange hue on the belly (e.g. QCAZ 55423); serrate fringes along forearms and tarsus white; webbing, thighs and concealed surfaces of shanks orange. Iris is cream with a light coppery hue bearing some scattered black venations. Juvenile specimen QCAZ 55413 is similar to adult specimens but has a brownish cream dorsum with scattered faint brown blotches (Fig. 3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F1BC27E61AE27959E78A1D4D5C88F762" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="210EA6722AA64A981E02E35356582E9D" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" type="advertisement call">
|
||
<paragraph id="5D77B73691418EAF29A2F4A2205F36B0" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">Advertisement call.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D4E0647F6BC92602AF193E545FCD4371" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="13" pageNumber="128">
|
||
Quantitative characteristics of the advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="783460833DF9B64E5735113776763F0D" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
(QCAZ 53699) are detailed in Table 3. The call consists of a cackle of short notes repeated at a fast rate with amplitude modulation (Fig. 6). Note amplitude and note rate increase markedly along the first half of the call, decreasing at the end. The call has two harmonics but most of the energy located on the first. Fundamental frequency of the notes ranges from 515.6 to 796.9 Hz (mean = 619.1, SD = 77.2). Two notes located at ~50% of the call duration have their greatest energy in the second harmonic, at 1078.1 and 1195.3 Hz. All other notes have their greatest energy in the first harmonic. The dominant frequency of the entire call ranges from 562.5 to 632.8
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="86D01D64E8E5B1D4EDE5F5071862341D" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" start="start">Hz</pageBreakToken>
|
||
. Interestingly, the call of this species is feared by natives in the lower Pastaza basin (Shiwiar, Sapara, Shuar, Achuar people), because it is commonly confused with the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4A1224C41C85A8835663F269BE4FDCA2" originalValue="“calling”">"calling"</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the bushmaster
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8BCA350C2C01293DCF37F7A99664AD4" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Lachesis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lachesis muta" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muta">Lachesis muta</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8B80C997C12ED18D414B3BEFC0C05846" lsidName="Tepuihyla" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" rank="order">Squamata</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DA78603D24ECC92742DD7839612C32B" family="Viperidae" lsidName="" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" rank="family">Viperidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). This belief almost certainly incorrect as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F3A78FDA79A823DD067B081C7F8D178" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Lachesis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lachesis muta" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muta">Lachesis muta</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot vocalize. See also the Etymology section in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58248BEE2AC74BD7AFD8CABF7D5B6E02" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Ecnomiohyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ecnomiohyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Ecnomiohyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C2482C72D59B12200888C6A5A31F291A" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="50C90D1BCF9365F01739D2DA7BB4BB1C" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EA232442AAA75073212B62D5E16C3E5D" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Localities documented for this species are shown in Figure 9.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B165CFF78D5DB49FBE49CB0FC5487B8" author="Duellman, WE" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" pagination="1 - 27" title="A reassessment of the taxonomic status of some Neotropical hylid frogs." volume="27" year="1974">Duellman (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported four specimens: two from Pastaza province in Ecuador, one from the mouth of Rio Santiago in northern Peru, and one juvenile from Rio Uaupes at junction of Rio Querari, Amazonas, Brazil. Given its geographic location, the latter probably corresponds to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="701404A82F2356826D4519BA3897481A" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Tepuihyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., but its identity requires confirmation. We recorded five additional localities in the Amazon lowlands of Ecuador and two in Peru (Fig. 9). Elevation range is 132 to 1076 m above sea level. The southernmost and highest locality is Cordillera Escalera, San Martin department, in northeastern Peru (CRBIIAP 1252).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="2210CD6708C41FE21E70F5CB054446C0" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<paragraph id="292C938CBDF0E48A9D77B003A2AD9D44" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Figure 9. Records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A1D69974B70EB6649248E66BE48B0461" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Tepuihyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="35F1C08BE7D7DDA97C864BD202C5BD1B" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. n.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E35C4A01EE6B69187F0D7D01574E5F5A" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Tepuihyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., red star;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBD40078B34DC9C97B3B3BCF299AB0BE" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. n., blue triangles and blue star for type locality. Locality data from specimens deposited at Natural History Museum (BMNH), London, Centro de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FEA5A8F5B1A5C4515018AC32D862566F" originalValue="Ornitología">Ornitologia</normalizedToken>
|
||
y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), and Museo de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="24175E1F11BCF922EACE2E85BA47D79E" originalValue="Zoología">Zoologia</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Pontificia Universidad
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C984E1EBCF32DF39D9A7DA2BEA9D57BB" originalValue="Católica">Catolica</normalizedToken>
|
||
del Ecuador (QCAZ).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0F18F60DADB85C3E0C6A16B452A16CCD" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
|
||
All specimens with ecological data were collected at night perching on vegetation 1.5 to 3.0 m above the ground. One specimen from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1104781E7DFEEBF93ED6631786F1C112" originalValue="Yasuní">Yasuni</normalizedToken>
|
||
(QCAZ 52855) and one from Juyuintza (QCAZ 53542; Fig. 10B) were collected on primary forest (M. Read and H. M. Ortega-Andrade field notes). The specimen recorded at Juyuintza was calling from a tree hole 1.5 m above the ground in Terra Firme forest. The hole had a depth of ~15 cm and a diameter of 10 cm, and was
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9490A03479F2EBF7649DE8AC45CA2E05" originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
|
||
flooded with water. Two individuals were calling nearby, at distances of approximately 100 to 200 m. No amplectant pairs, clutches, or tadpoles have been observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9EED72554DBC648FD29B9E20EFB63627" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<paragraph id="8A0F64BC653145795A0AFCFDB98B29A2" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Figure 10. Life individuals and habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47BBBF66D68D6C30F3EEA9B543D70E7D" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Tepuihyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="874B70417BDB1D085AE6DB49ED44E0E8" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. n. A habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="78C4E8659BF1B61400E7843509A7B643" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. n. at Juyuintza, Provincia Pastaza, Ecuador B Adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10674018AF0E116BAE72315397AFE400" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. n. (QCAZ 53542) sitting at the entrance of the tree hole where he was calling C Adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FCF62FD06A22C888249EE58874B6321" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla shushupe" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shushupe">Tepuihyla shushupe</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. (CORBIDI 12513, holotype) partly submerged in the water accumulated on the tree hole where he was calling D
|
||
<taxonomicName id="656F286B291E1993F08B4883E20C33C7" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. n. (CRBIIAP 1839) from the vicinity of Puerto Almendras, Loreto, Peru. Photographs: A, B by M. Ortega, C by A. Del Campo, D by G. Gagliardi-Urrutia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FE58783AD15FD06A8AB0F84AF59962F4" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph id="87B29CE85CC4F53081C89B0D6BEB357C" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="170C7DB7A7BD3380C3875E33458DD20F" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
|
||
The scarcity of records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1544AFF78A89E4DE753E0F3473B5178" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Ecnomiohyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ecnomiohyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Ecnomiohyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
, even at thoroughly sampled localities, like Yasuni National Park, could be a consequence of small populations sizes or an artifact of low capture probabilities. Our finding of a male calling from a tree hole containing water suggests that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EA5A94BF9234335040D0552957791B1D" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Ecnomiohyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ecnomiohyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Ecnomiohyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
breeds on tree holes and is unlikely to be found on ground-level surveys. Therefore, lack of records probably results from low capture probabilities consequence of microhabitat preferences. Because population status is unknown, we suggest that the Red List category of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BD516916DF588C74A1B6CF7A7CCC3D02" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Tepuihyla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tepuihyla tuberculosa" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Tepuihyla tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
is Data Deficient according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="472AE7CF833C3978B6118DD45C63DA28" author="Gorzula, S" journalOrPublisher="UICN Species Survival Comission, Gland" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" title="Red list categories: version 3.1" year="2001">IUCN (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
guidelines. Searches of the species will benefit from audio sampling to detect the advertisement call described here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |