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52 KiB
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404 lines
52 KiB
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<document id="3505932027DBE733F61BB7EED8E365B6" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.11450473" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11450473" ID-ZooBank="C054B0D4-FD00-4AE7-BBA7-C75A12368561" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1717426151262" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Tang, William, Skelley, Paul E., Taylor B, Alberto S. & Salzman, Shayla" docDate="2024" docId="5627444EE922FFF5E3B57C55FA164074" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2024.1043.1-40.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2024 (43)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.4:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pharaxonotha holzmani Tang, Skelley and A. S. Taylor 2024, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="AA1E3C36E932FFE6E375790CFF80432B" masterDocTitle="Review of Pharaxonotha Reitter (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting cones of the cycad Zamia L. (Cycadales) in Panama, with descriptions of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1717426969430" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="24BC277A5C110FA939F545F6C116B675">Review of Pharaxonotha Reitter (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting cones of the cycad Zamia L. (Cycadales) in Panama, with descriptions of five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="92E208DD559DA4B6965AB8C5FE504075" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FF38A7FAAA9712E0C1FE2F60DBEB3343">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B4D94E09296FBD076E71DC2121646020">Tang, William</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4638F5B3027753B9BE45F2C0F2FCA78F">Florida State Collection of Arthropods Florida Department of Agriculture - DPI P. O. Box 147100 Gainesville, FL 32614 - 7100, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="3AC274DF75F90503349AF774442D041E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="23653FA59FAA41A611ED67AF2BAD7AB2">Skelley, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="966C39ABC628852ADFEF7EF534B08C64">Florida State Collection of Arthropods Florida Department of Agriculture - DPI P. O. Box 147100 Gainesville, FL 32614 - 7100, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="35F1E5DA516760E4DE86E5F2D9E286B7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3471E8DA8F66DB2F4BABB20494C65E04">Taylor B, Alberto S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8D2A47F644BD6E48D8AE4C10CA154330">Departamento de Botánica Universidad de Panamá Estafeta Universitaria, Panamá, Panamá</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="CBD1D194F99C8411AADF20DEB409BF9D">Salzman, Shayla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4B1034EBA1A785D80ADCE19A41020190">Department of Entomology University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="0031B7F82CD2F24CB3444605A90D006A">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FC7D5D3517EFCEAF7EC037C687B93A40">
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<mods:date id="7C07E47F2FD696598CCB0E01504998A6">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1FDE53DEE899D8248C8F5A0F9292B723">2024-04-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3B59EEF9C4473FC58C4D490FBFBC59A7">2024</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D9D6F2C494B34C88235F0C61A57650BE">43</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7E81300627C802F0BAB1086C27986298" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.11450473</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="26A3A49A8ECE6F1FB2ED3FF6E7C64A4D" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5627444EE922FFF5E3B57C55FA164074" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11450449" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11450449" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5627444EE922FFF5E3B57C55FA164074" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5627444EE922FFF5E3B57C55FA164074" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection id="9694A6D3E922FFF6E3B57C55FC51465C" box="[192,977,1369,1399]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DE31F558E922FFF6E3B57C55FC51465C" blockId="16.[192,977,1369,1432]" box="[192,977,1369,1399]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<heading id="85794234E922FFF6E3B57C55FC51465C" box="[192,977,1369,1399]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="ECFA294AE922FFF6E3B57C55FC51465C" bold="true" box="[192,977,1369,1399]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE922FFF6E3B57C55FCB1465D" authority="Tang, Skelley and Taylor" authorityName="Tang, Skelley and A. S. Taylor" authorityYear="2024" box="[192,817,1369,1399]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holzmani" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="ECFA294AE922FFF6E3B57C55FE72465D" bold="true" box="[192,498,1369,1398]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Pharaxonotha holzmani</emphasis>
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Tang, Skelley and Taylor
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F7C99431E922FFF6E0497C56FC51465C" box="[828,977,1370,1399]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="9694A6D3E922FFF6E3B57C72FED046B3" box="[192,336,1406,1432]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DE31F558E922FFF6E3B57C72FED046B3" blockId="16.[192,977,1369,1432]" box="[192,336,1406,1432]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<figureCitation id="46B5E9DDE922FFF6E3B57C72FED046B3" box="[192,336,1406,1432]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="17.[195,264,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-75@17.[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 6. Pharaxonotha holzmani from Zamia imperialis (A-H: male holotype). A–C) Dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus. D–E) Head, dorsal and ventral views. F) Genital capsule attached to tegmen and median lobe, ventral view. G) Tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view.H) Parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views. I) Retracted ovipositor with spermatheca, ventral view. J) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11450503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11450503/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Figures 6A–J</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9694A6D3E922FFF6E3B57CA4FACF4546" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="DE31F558E922FFF6E3B57CA4FACF4546" blockId="16.[191,1441,1448,1646]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="ECFA294AE922FFF6E3B57CA4FEBC46E9" bold="true" box="[192,316,1448,1474]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE922FFF6E2367CA4FDCD46E9" authorityName="Tang, Skelley and A. S. Taylor" authorityYear="2024" box="[323,589,1448,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holzmani">
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<emphasis id="ECFA294AE922FFF6E2367CA4FDCD46E9" box="[323,589,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Pharaxonotha holzmani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other members of the genus by a combination of characters: Body length
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<quantity id="197658BDE922FFF6E2A57CC6FDF346CE" box="[464,627,1482,1509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.335" metricValueMax="2.68" metricValueMin="1.99" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="2.335" valueMax="2.68" valueMin="1.99">1.99–2.68 mm</quantity>
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, among the small members of the clarkorum species group; head width/ pronotal width = 0.73–0.88, ranging higher than the majority of Panamanian species; pronotal L/W = 0.70–0.85 (mean = 0.75) intermediate in range for Panamanian species; elytra L/W = 1.69–1.88 (mean = 0.78) intermediate in range for Panamanian species; spermatheca elongated with apical third not swollen (
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<figureCitation id="46B5E9DDE922FFF6E7FD7F3DFB544560" box="[1160,1236,1585,1611]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="17.[195,264,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-75@17.[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 6. Pharaxonotha holzmani from Zamia imperialis (A-H: male holotype). A–C) Dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus. D–E) Head, dorsal and ventral views. F) Genital capsule attached to tegmen and median lobe, ventral view. G) Tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view.H) Parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views. I) Retracted ovipositor with spermatheca, ventral view. J) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11450503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11450503/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6J</figureCitation>
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); inhabiting cones of
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<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE922FFF6E3A87F58FE194546" box="[221,409,1619,1645]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="imperialis">
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<emphasis id="ECFA294AE922FFF6E3A87F58FE194546" box="[221,409,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Zamia imperialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE922FFF6E2BA7F58FDC44546" box="[463,580,1619,1645]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="skinneri">
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<emphasis id="ECFA294AE922FFF6E2BA7F58FDC44546" box="[463,580,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Z. skinneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, from eastern
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<collectingRegion id="1C4A3BBAE922FFF6E1937F5FFC0B4546" box="[742,907,1619,1645]" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
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to
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<collectingRegion id="1C4A3BBAE922FFF6E0DB7F5FFC6E4546" box="[942,1006,1619,1645]" country="Panama" name="Cocle" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Coclé</collectingRegion>
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at elevations from
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<quantity id="197658BDE922FFF6E7B67F5FFAA54546" box="[1219,1317,1619,1646]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.755" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="0.01" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="375.5" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="1.0">1–750 m</quantity>
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asl.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9694A6D3E922FFF4E3B57F71FE6845ED" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DE31F558E922FFF6E3B57F71FD36440B" blockId="16.[191,1441,1661,1927]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="ECFA294AE922FFF6E3B57F71FED245BC" bold="true" box="[192,338,1661,1687]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Description.</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="197658BDE922FFF6E2C37F71FDDC45B3" box="[438,604,1661,1688]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.335" metricValueMax="2.68" metricValueMin="1.99" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="2.335" valueMax="2.68" valueMin="1.99">1.99–2.68 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="197658BDE922FFF6E1C37F71FCDB45B3" box="[694,859,1661,1688]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" metricValueMax="10.1" metricValueMin="7.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.89" valueMax="1.01" valueMin="0.77">0.77–1.01 mm</quantity>
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(n = 55). Body in dorsal view elongate-oval (
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<figureCitation id="46B5E9DDE922FFF6E6017F71FE854592" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="17.[195,264,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-75@17.[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 6. Pharaxonotha holzmani from Zamia imperialis (A-H: male holotype). A–C) Dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus. D–E) Head, dorsal and ventral views. F) Genital capsule attached to tegmen and median lobe, ventral view. G) Tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view.H) Parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views. I) Retracted ovipositor with spermatheca, ventral view. J) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11450503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11450503/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6A–C</figureCitation>
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), greatest width at middle of elytra; in lateral view convex dorsally (
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<figureCitation id="46B5E9DDE922FFF6E7747F93FBD64592" box="[1025,1110,1695,1721]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="17.[195,264,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-75@17.[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 6. Pharaxonotha holzmani from Zamia imperialis (A-H: male holotype). A–C) Dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus. D–E) Head, dorsal and ventral views. F) Genital capsule attached to tegmen and median lobe, ventral view. G) Tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view.H) Parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views. I) Retracted ovipositor with spermatheca, ventral view. J) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11450503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11450503/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
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). General body color entirely orange-brown; dorsal surface punctate, shining and appearing glabrous, short procumbent hairs associated with punctation on pronotum and elytra, ventrally shining and appearing glabrous except mesosternum and abdomen mostly covered with short procumbent setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DE31F558E922FFF4E2757E24FD0E4127" blockId="16.[191,1441,1661,1927]" lastBlockId="18.[190,1442,230,1735]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="ECFA294AE922FFF6E2757E24FEBE4469" bold="true" box="[256,318,1832,1858]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Head</emphasis>
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not broad, width = 0.73–0.88× pronotal width; in dorsal view conical, gradually narrowed anteriorly, surface flat to slightly convex, finely, moderately punctured, average distance between closest punctures 2–3× width of puncture; head width
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<quantity id="197658BDE922FFF6E1587E60FD5344AC" box="[557,723,1900,1927]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="5.8999999999999995" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.5349999999999999" valueMax="0.59" valueMin="0.48">0.48–0.59 mm</quantity>
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; dorsal interocular distance
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<quantity id="197658BDE922FFF6E7697E60FB4244AC" box="[1052,1218,1900,1927]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.305" valueMax="0.34" valueMin="0.27">0.27–0.34 mm</quantity>
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, head width/dorsal interocular distance ratio 1.67–1.84, ventral interocular distance
|
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<quantity id="197658BDE920FFF4E0ED79EAFBBC422B" box="[920,1084,230,256]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="0.235" valueMax="0.27" valueMin="0.2">0.20–0.27 mm</quantity>
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, head width/ventral interocular distance ratio 2.15–2.59. Eye with large black facets, about 3× diameter of head punctures. Antennal length slightly shorter than pronotal width, 1.5× head width; antennomere I (scape) fairly large, slightly elongate; antennomere II slightly shorter than III; IV–VIII small, width equals length; club fairly large, IX and X similar in length; XI enlarged, 1.6× longer than X, globular with rounded apex (
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<figureCitation id="46B5E9DDE920FFF4E0207860FC2D42AD" box="[853,941,364,390]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="17.[195,264,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-75@17.[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 6. Pharaxonotha holzmani from Zamia imperialis (A-H: male holotype). A–C) Dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus. D–E) Head, dorsal and ventral views. F) Genital capsule attached to tegmen and median lobe, ventral view. G) Tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view.H) Parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views. I) Retracted ovipositor with spermatheca, ventral view. J) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11450503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11450503/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
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). Clypeus weakly concave anteriorly, moderately punctate. Mentum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="46B5E9DDE920FFF4E2AD7882FDAA4283" box="[472,554,398,424]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="17.[195,264,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-75@17.[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 6. Pharaxonotha holzmani from Zamia imperialis (A-H: male holotype). A–C) Dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus. D–E) Head, dorsal and ventral views. F) Genital capsule attached to tegmen and median lobe, ventral view. G) Tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view.H) Parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views. I) Retracted ovipositor with spermatheca, ventral view. J) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11450503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11450503/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
|
||
) finely punctate, submentum more coarsely punctured, 2–3× diameter of those on mentum, distance between nearest punctures approximately 1× own diameter, each puncture with a short seta. Gular area smooth, without punctation or setae, border with submentum marked by change in punctuation and with a shallow transverse depression.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8AF1A5D0E923FFF7E3B67E1EFD2844AD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11450503" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11450503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11450503/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" startId="17.[195,264,1810,1834]" targetBox="[297,1340,229,1781]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="DE31F558E923FFF7E3B67E1EFD2844AD" blockId="17.[194,1444,1810,1926]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE923FFF7E3B67E1EFEA24401" bold="true" box="[195,290,1810,1834]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE923FFF7E25F7E1FFD9D4400" authorityName="Tang, Skelley and A. S. Taylor" authorityYear="2024" box="[298,541,1811,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holzmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE923FFF7E25F7E1FFD9D4400" box="[298,541,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Pharaxonotha holzmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE923FFF7E12A7E1FFC8B4400" box="[607,779,1811,1835]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="imperialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE923FFF7E12A7E1FFC8B4400" box="[607,779,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Zamia imperialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A-H: male holotype).
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE923FFF7E08A7E1EFBB74401" bold="true" box="[1023,1079,1810,1834]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">A–C)</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE923FFF7E3B67E3DFF7A4462" bold="true" box="[195,250,1841,1865]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">D–E)</emphasis>
|
||
Head, dorsal and ventral views.
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE923FFF7E13D7E3DFDDE4462" bold="true" box="[584,606,1841,1865]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">F)</emphasis>
|
||
Genital capsule attached to tegmen and median lobe, ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE923FFF7E67B7E3DFAAA4462" bold="true" box="[1294,1322,1841,1865]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">G)</emphasis>
|
||
Tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE923FFF7E1507E43FDC2444C" bold="true" box="[549,578,1871,1895]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">H)</emphasis>
|
||
Parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views.
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE923FFF7E7CA7E43FB51444C" bold="true" box="[1215,1233,1871,1895]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">I)</emphasis>
|
||
Retracted ovipositor with spermatheca, ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE923FFF7E1727E62FD9844AD" bold="true" box="[519,536,1902,1926]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">J)</emphasis>
|
||
Spermatheca.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="DE31F558E920FFF4E2757B18FEA24618" blockId="18.[190,1442,230,1735]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE920FFF4E2757B18FED34105" bold="true" box="[256,339,532,558]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
with pronotum transversely quadrate in dorsal view, length/width ratio 0.70–0.85; with distinct marginal beads laterally and basally, anteriorly with fine marginal bead medially; convex; anterior angles broadly rounded, not projecting forward; posterior angles weakly developed, with small denticle at angle; lateral carina parallel-sided or evenly shallowly arcuate for entire length; posterior margin slightly projecting medially, projection beginning approximately by pair of small, dark pores in margin located 1/4 width from posterior angles, each pore marks base of a distinct sulcus extending anteriorly onto disc 1/4 length of pronotum. Prosternum in ventral view convex, with few scattered punctures; anterior margin slightly emarginate, finely denticulate with row of long, anteriorly directed setae, longest setae approximately 1/3 length of eye; prosternal process expanded apically, truncate and convex at apex. Hypomeron laterally with few minute punctures, medially lacking distinct longitudinal striations. Scutellar shield distinctly transverse pentagonal, posterior margin weakly rounded. Elytra in dorsal view elongate-oval, convex; length/width ratio 1.63–1.73, greatest width near midlength; with distinct marginal line basally; 10 complete striae of moderate puncture size; scutellary striole extending 1/4 elytral length, with 10–15 punctures; punctures of elytral striae as large as pronotal punctures, weakly impressed; intervals of striae with fine, shallow punctures, 1.2× size of strial punctures; all punctures of elytra bearing a single short seta; seta only visible in profile, extending slightly out of puncture. Mesoventrite with strong punctation, distance between nearest punctures approximately equal to diameter of punctures, puncture depth moderate. Metaventrite glossy, with strong lateral punctation separated by 2–3× own diameter; medial surface finely punctured, separated by 5–6× own diameter; entire surface convex, metathoracic discrimen extending approximately 3/4 metaventrite length. Legs narrow, relatively similar in length and shape. Procoxa oval; mesocoxa globular; metacoxa transversely elongate-oval; trochanters obliquely truncate apically; femora robust, moderately compressed laterally; tibiae shorter than femora, gradually dilated to obliquely truncate apices; protibia with apical lateral tooth distinct, with apical fringe of short spinules of concave ventral apical margin usually lacking near lateral tooth; meso- and metatibia with apical fringe of short spinules on anterior margin, finer setae on posterior margins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DE31F558E920FFF4E2757C36FA80454A" blockId="18.[190,1442,230,1735]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE920FFF4E2757C36FEFB467F" bold="true" box="[256,379,1338,1364]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventrite I with intercoxal process narrow, with triangular point anteromedially; lateral edges slightly projected, lateral and posterior margins arcuate, converging posteriorly; anterior and posterior margins of ventrites more or less straight; ventrite I longer medially than II; II–IV subequal in length; V slightly longer than IV with lateral margins converging posteriorly to a rounded apex; apical margin bearing short, sparse setae; all ventrites bearing moderate, shallow punctation across surface, distance to nearest puncture approximately 2× diameter of puncture, punctures bearing mostly reclining setae; ventrite V with setae length nearly uniformly approximately 2× diameter of puncture; I–IV each with 2 or more median pairs of longer, semi-erect sensory hairs (difficult to see in poor lighting, often abraded). Male genitalia similar to all others in the genus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="46B5E9DDE920FFF4E6547F2AFA15456B" box="[1313,1429,1574,1600]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="17.[195,264,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-75@17.[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 6. Pharaxonotha holzmani from Zamia imperialis (A-H: male holotype). A–C) Dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus. D–E) Head, dorsal and ventral views. F) Genital capsule attached to tegmen and median lobe, ventral view. G) Tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view.H) Parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views. I) Retracted ovipositor with spermatheca, ventral view. J) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11450503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11450503/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Fig. 6F–H</figureCitation>
|
||
), with dorsoventrally flattened tegmen, elongate cylindrical median lobe, and long coiled flagellum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DE31F558E920FFF4E2757F65FE6845ED" blockId="18.[190,1442,230,1735]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE920FFF4E2757F65FEDB45A8" bold="true" box="[256,347,1641,1667]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to male. Genitalia elongate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="46B5E9DDE920FFF4E0737F65FCD545A8" box="[774,853,1641,1667]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="17.[195,264,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-75@17.[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 6. Pharaxonotha holzmani from Zamia imperialis (A-H: male holotype). A–C) Dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus. D–E) Head, dorsal and ventral views. F) Genital capsule attached to tegmen and median lobe, ventral view. G) Tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view.H) Parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views. I) Retracted ovipositor with spermatheca, ventral view. J) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11450503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11450503/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Fig. 6I</figureCitation>
|
||
); gonostylus set apically on gonocoxite, gonostylus length = 4–5× width. Spermatheca with basal third narrow, length> 8× maximum width of basal third, apical third not swollen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="46B5E9DDE920FFF4E2FA7FA0FE5C45ED" box="[399,476,1708,1734]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="17.[195,264,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-75@17.[297,1340,229,1781]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 6. Pharaxonotha holzmani from Zamia imperialis (A-H: male holotype). A–C) Dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus. D–E) Head, dorsal and ventral views. F) Genital capsule attached to tegmen and median lobe, ventral view. G) Tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view.H) Parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views. I) Retracted ovipositor with spermatheca, ventral view. J) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11450503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11450503/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Fig. 6J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9694A6D3E920FFF5E3B57FDAFABA4149" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="DE31F558E920FFF4E3B57FDAFDA945DB" blockId="18.[192,553,1749,1776]" box="[192,553,1749,1776]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE920FFF4E3B57FDAFEDB45C4" bold="true" box="[192,347,1749,1776]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Type locality.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A699B5C8E920FFF4E2147FDAFE5845DB" box="[353,472,1750,1776]" name="Panama" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1C4A3BBAE920FFF4E2977FDAFDA545DB" box="[482,549,1750,1776]" country="Panama" name="Cocle" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Coclé</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DE31F558E920FFF4E3B57FF3FB1F4410" blockId="18.[192,1441,1791,1851]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE920FFF4E3B57FF3FE914432" bold="true" box="[192,273,1791,1817]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Range.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A699B5C8E920FFF4E2917E0CFDC04431" box="[484,576,1792,1818]" name="Panama" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1C4A3BBAE920FFF4E1127FF3FC8F4432" box="[615,783,1791,1817]" country="Panama" name="Cocle" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Coclé province</collectingRegion>
|
||
and at Rambala,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1C4A3BBAE920FFF4E0BB7E0CFB5F4432" box="[974,1247,1791,1818]" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Bocas del Toro Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Hosts also occur in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1C4A3BBAE920FFF4E3A87E2DFE2B4410" box="[221,427,1825,1851]" country="Panama" name="Veraguas" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Veraguas province</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BA1F88A9E920FFF4E2CC7E2DFDEA4410" author="Stevenson DW" box="[441,618,1825,1851]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref28013" refString="Stevenson DW. 1993. The Zamiaceae in Panama with comments on phytogeography and species relationships. Brittonia 45: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1993">Stevenson 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and this beetle likely occurs in this region as well.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DE31F558E920FFF5E3B57E46FC494209" blockId="18.[192,1441,1866,1927]" lastBlockId="19.[192,1440,230,290]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE920FFF4E3B57E46FE30444F" bold="true" box="[192,432,1866,1892]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Materials examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6EE6FF05E920FFF5E2CC7E46FC494209" collectingDate="2016-11-11" collectionCode="FSCA" country="Panama" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" location="Cocle Prov." pageId="18" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cocle" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="01354BFAE920FFF4E2CC7E46FDA1444F" box="[441,545,1866,1892]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(by designation) male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE920FFF4E03E7E46FBD8444F" authorityName="Tang, Skelley and A. S. Taylor" authorityYear="2024" box="[843,1112,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holzmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE920FFF4E03E7E46FBD8444F" box="[843,1112,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Pharaxonotha holzmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the following labels: 1) [rectangular; white; printed in black ink] “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A699B5C8E920FFF4E1EF7E60FC9244AD" box="[666,786,1900,1926]" name="Panama" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1C4A3BBAE920FFF4E0697E60FC1F44AC" box="[796,927,1900,1927]" country="Panama" name="Cocle" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Coclé Prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
, [locality name omitted], ex male cone
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE920FFF5E62D7E61FE5D422B" authority=", Alberto Taylor" authorityName="Alberto Taylor" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" order="Cycadales" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="imperialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE920FFF5E62D7E61FEAD422B" italics="true" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Zamia imperialis</emphasis>
|
||
, Alberto Taylor
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<date id="AA30D398E921FFF5E29679EAFDE3422B" box="[483,611,230,256]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" value="2016-11-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="BA742A70E921FFF5E29679EAFDE3422B" box="[483,611,230,256]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" value="2016-11-11">11-XI-2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
”. 2) [rectangular; red; printed in black ink] “
|
||
<typeStatus id="01354BFAE921FFF5E72579EAFB62422B" box="[1104,1250,230,256]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E79D79EBFB7D4228" box="[1256,1277,231,259]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<specimenCount id="C8883ED1E921FFF5E79D79EBFB7D4228" box="[1256,1277,231,259]" count="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E67179EAFD2D4209" authority="Tang, Skelley and A. S. Taylor 2024" authorityName="Tang, Skelley and A. S. Taylor" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holzmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E67179EAFEA7420A" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Pharaxonotha holzmani</emphasis>
|
||
Tang, Skelley and A.S. Taylor 2024
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”. Deposited in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E0F57804FC454209" box="[896,965,264,290]" country="USA" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">FSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DE31F558E921FFF5E3B5783DFE4142DF" blockId="19.[191,1442,305,501]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E3B5783DFEBF4260" bold="true" box="[192,319,305,331]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Additional</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6EE6FF05E921FFF5E230783DFDBB4246" collectionCode="FSCA" country="Panama" location="Rambala" municipality="Grande" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="51" specimenCount-adult="49" stateProvince="Bocas del Toro" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E230783DFE734260" bold="true" box="[325,499,305,331]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<typeStatus id="01354BFAE921FFF5E230783DFE374260" box="[325,439,305,331]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(91).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="01354BFAE921FFF5E28C783DFDD94260" box="[505,601,305,331]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E113783DFD2D4260" box="[614,685,305,331]" country="USA" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">FSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
) and
|
||
<specimenCount id="C8883ED1E921FFF5E19F783DFCC44260" box="[746,836,305,331]" count="49" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="adult">49 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="01354BFAE921FFF5E03E783EFC374267" box="[843,951,306,332]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
same label data.
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E707783DFF7C4246" bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A699B5C8E921FFF5E707783DFB6A4260" box="[1138,1258,305,331]" name="Panama" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1C4A3BBAE921FFF5E781783DFF7C4246" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Bocas del Toro Prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1C4A3BBAE921FFF5E27E785FFEEB4246" box="[267,363,339,365]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Chiriquí</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="3E556F22E921FFF5E206785FFE494246" box="[371,457,339,365]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Grande</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="DB51A383E921FFF5E2A3785FFDBB4246" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5627444EE922FFF5E3B57C55FA164074:DB51A383E921FFF5E2A3785FFDBB4246" box="[470,571,339,365]" country="Panama" municipality="Grande" name="Rambala" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Bocas del Toro">Rambala</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; ex
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E11E7858FD00425B" box="[619,640,340,368]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<specimenCount id="C8883ED1E921FFF5E11E7858FD00425B" box="[619,640,340,368]" count="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
cone
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E1B07858FCEC4246" box="[709,876,339,365]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="skinneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E1B07858FCEC4246" box="[709,876,339,365]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Zamia skinneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="AA30D398E921FFF5E00F785FFC744245" box="[890,1012,339,366]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" value="2012-10-15">15-X-2012</date>
|
||
, A. Taylor & G. Holzman (19);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6EE6FF05E921FFF5E62A785EFE16429A" collectingDate="2004-11-18" collectorName="A. Taylor" country="Panama" elevation="600" location="Cocle Prov." pageId="19" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cocle" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E62A785EFF7D42A4" bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1C4A3BBAE921FFF5E62A785EFF7D42A4" country="Panama" name="Cocle" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Coclé Prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, [locality name omitted],
|
||
<elevation id="55A3126BE921FFF5E16F7879FD0442A4" box="[538,644,373,399]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="600.0">
|
||
<quantity id="197658BDE921FFF5E16F7879FDE042A4" box="[538,608,373,399]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
||
asl
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="AA30D398E921FFF5E1FA7879FCA442A4" box="[655,804,373,399]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" value="2004-11-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="BA742A70E921FFF5E1FA7879FCA442A4" box="[655,804,373,399]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" value="2004-11-18">Nov-18-2004</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="737B908EE921FFF5E05B7879FC1642A4" box="[814,918,373,399]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">A. Taylor</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E0EA787AFBFE42A4" authority=", Vial" authorityName="Vial" box="[927,1150,373,399]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="skinneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E0EA787AFBC542A4" box="[927,1093,373,399]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Zamia skinneri</emphasis>
|
||
, Vial
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
#10,13, wet, premountain tropical forest (20)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; [locality name omitted],
|
||
<quantity id="197658BDE921FFF5E1CA789BFC88429A" box="[703,776,407,433]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
asl,
|
||
<date id="AA30D398E921FFF5E048789BFC53429A" box="[829,979,407,433]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" value="2003-11-22">Nov-22-2003</date>
|
||
, A. Taylor, #4,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E7F7789BFAAC429B" box="[1154,1324,406,432]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="skinneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E7F7789BFAAC429B" box="[1154,1324,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Zamia skinneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, wet, premountain tropical forest (2).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6EE6FF05E921FFF5E17778B5FE3C42DF" collectionCode="ANIC, FSCA, NHMUK, NZAC, RHTC, SEMC, STRI, MIUP, TAMU, USNM" country="Panama" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cocle" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="01354BFAE921FFF5E17778B5FDEE42F8" box="[514,622,441,467]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
to be deposited in:
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E03278B4FC0D42F9" box="[839,909,440,466]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">ANIC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E0ED78B4FC5D42F9" box="[920,989,440,466]" country="USA" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">FSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E09378B5FBD342F8" box="[998,1107,441,467]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E72878B4FB2B42F9" box="[1117,1195,440,466]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E7C078B4FA8242F9" box="[1205,1282,440,466]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">RHTC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E67978B4FAD742F9" box="[1292,1367,440,466]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34264" name="University of Kansas - Biodiversity Institute" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">SEMC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E61578B4FA1C42F9" box="[1376,1436,440,466]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">STRI</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E3B578D7FE8542DE" box="[192,261,475,501]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">MIUP</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E27A78D6FEE042DF" box="[271,352,474,500]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B89F6D9DE921FFF5E21F78D6FE3C42DF" box="[362,444,474,500]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DE31F558E921FFF5E3B57B08FABA4149" blockId="19.[191,1440,516,610]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E3B57B08FC1D4135" bold="true" box="[192,925,516,542]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Additional specimens examined but not included in type series.</emphasis>
|
||
Mainland costal materials studied and considered to be potential hybrids between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E1237B2AFD5E416B" box="[598,734,550,576]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarkorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E1237B2AFD5E416B" box="[598,734,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">P.clarkorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E0667B2AFC12416B" authorityName="Tang, Skelley and A. S. Taylor" authorityYear="2024" box="[787,914,550,576]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holzmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E0667B2AFC12416B" box="[787,914,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">P. holzmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, not designated as
|
||
<typeStatus id="01354BFAE921FFF5E7177B2AFB51416B" box="[1122,1233,550,576]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E7AD7B29FE9F4149" bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A699B5C8E921FFF5E7AD7B29FAD04114" box="[1240,1360,549,575]" name="Panama" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1C4A3BBAE921FFF5E62F7B2AFE9F4149" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, Punta Pargo, ex male cone
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E12F7B44FD484149" box="[602,712,584,610]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E12F7B44FD23414A" box="[602,675,584,609]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Zamia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E1BB7B4BFCE0414A" box="[718,864,583,609]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nesophila">
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E1837B4BFCE0414A" box="[758,864,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">nesophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E0157B4BFCE4414A" box="[864,868,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">,</emphasis>
|
||
<date id="AA30D398E921FFF5E01E7B44FC644149" box="[875,996,584,610]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" value="2012-10-18">18-X-2012</date>
|
||
, A. Taylor & G. Holzman (41).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9694A6D3E921FFF5E3B57B7DFE044186" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="DE31F558E921FFF5E3B57B7DFE044186" blockId="19.[192,1443,625,685]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E3B57B7DFEC441A0" bold="true" box="[192,324,625,651]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for Greg Holzman, for his field and taxonomic work with author A. Taylor on the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E62F7B7EFE984186" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="skinneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E62F7B7EFE984186" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Zamia skinneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9694A6D3E921FFF5E3B57BB1FA164074" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="DE31F558E921FFF5E3B57BB1FA164074" blockId="19.[192,1443,701,863]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E3B57BB1FEAF41FC" bold="true" box="[192,303,701,727]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E2427BB1FDC341FC" authorityName="Tang, Skelley and A. S. Taylor" authorityYear="2024" box="[311,579,701,727]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holzmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E2427BB1FDC341FC" box="[311,579,701,727]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Pharaxonotha holzmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is placed here in the “recent radiations” of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E74D7BB1FB5441FC" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1875" box="[1080,1236,701,727]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E74D7BB1FB5441FC" box="[1080,1236,701,727]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Pharaxonotha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on analysis of the 16S rRNA gene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BA1F88A9E921FFF5E2BE7BD3FD1141D3" author="Tang W & Xu G & O'Brien CW & Calonje M & Franz NM & Johnston MA & Taylor A & Vovides AP & Perez-Farrera MA & Morales SH & Lazcano-Lara JC & Skelley P & Lopez-Gallego C & Lindstrom A & Rich S." box="[459,657,734,761]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref28198" refString="Tang W, Xu G, O'Brien CW, Calonje M, Franz NM, Johnston MA, Taylor A, Vovides AP, Perez-Farrera MA, Salas- Morales SH, Lazcano-Lara JC, Skelley P, Lopez-Gallego C, Lindstrom A, Rich S. 2018 b. Molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses of New World cycad beetles: what they reveal about cycad evolution in the New World. Diversity 10 (38): 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="2018">Tang et al. 2018b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2020). As a member of the clarkorum species group it appears most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E2407A0DFE424031" box="[309,450,768,795]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarkorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E2407A0DFEC34031" box="[309,323,769,794]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E2247A0CFE424031" box="[337,450,768,794]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">clarkorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on the general external body proportions. Like other members of the clarkorum species group (with the exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E1297A2FFCAC4017" authorityName="Tang, Skelley and A. S. Taylor" authorityYear="2024" box="[604,812,802,828]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudoparasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E1297A2FFCAC4017" box="[604,812,802,828]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">P. pseudoparasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) it does not co-occur in the male cones of its hosts with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="198E8EDBE921FFF5E3B57A48FEF14075" box="[192,369,836,862]" class="Insecta" family="Belidae" genus="Notorhopalotria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECFA294AE921FFF5E3B57A48FEF14075" box="[192,369,836,862]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Notorhopalotria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
weevils, in contrast with most members of the confusa species group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BA1F88A9E921FFF5E7F47A48FA0A4074" author="O'Brien C & Tang W." box="[1153,1418,836,863]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 87" refId="ref27463" refString="O'Brien C, Tang W. 2015. Revision of the New World cycad weevils of the subtribe Allocorynina, with description of two new genera and three new subgenera (Coleoptera: Belidae: Oxycoryninae). Zootaxa 3970: 1 - 87." type="journal article" year="2015">O’Brien and Tang 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |