169 lines
22 KiB
XML
169 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="5453" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fdb5425b-51f9-4f29-9e8b-b9a407f23bd7" ID-PMC="PMC8292272" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1048-91" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8F66AFC800D45491BC9D5813B128DAA5" ID-PubMed="34316265" ID-ZooBank="8437650994504B55AFABD7414079B51D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1048-91" checkinTime="1626283245182" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nithyanandan, Manickam, Al-Kandari, Manal & Mantha, Gopikrishna" docDate="2021" docId="4DBD274AD37E5D2DB79FAD6F199504E9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1048: 91-107" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1048" docPubDate="2021-07-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250" docTitle="Chelidonura livida Yonow 1994" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="8F66AFC800D45491BC9D5813B128DAA5" lastPageNumber="91" masterDocId="8F66AFC800D45491BC9D5813B128DAA5" masterDocTitle="New records of nudibranchs and a cephalaspid from Kuwait, northwestern Arabian Gulf (Mollusca, Heterobranchia)" masterLastPageNumber="107" masterPageNumber="91" pageNumber="91" updateTime="1732938252690" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A4A2B01A69DE461760D1DCFF696485BA">
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<mods:title id="78C2291FA117848A59252E65841D0398">New records of nudibranchs and a cephalaspid from Kuwait, northwestern Arabian Gulf (Mollusca, Heterobranchia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6E734F0595B8FC9FBBE6923D7F3A7415">Nithyanandan, Manickam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="702027BBD3547F70DEF20553E1FA2C60">Ecosystem Based Management of Marine Resources, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box. 1638, Salmiya 22017, Kuwait</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C820E951EDA9B55C805F1E2C5EB7C659" type="email">nandan.ocean@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E3903697C9A03A6B6389AACA3F56027F">Al-Kandari, Manal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9429AAA95F3EE37E6D51D3E3387051B6" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0073-7929</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="000968FA6236FE9979D3432787DADB19">Ecosystem Based Management of Marine Resources, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box. 1638, Salmiya 22017, Kuwait</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B85EAA8927A91D6EE2213CA6600C8DBA">Mantha, Gopikrishna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="18A4CB151B5D613F1FE6E5CF47D8467C" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7200-5105</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="6083EF5E445E5327FD165C3F10E7F754">Ecosystem Based Management of Marine Resources, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box. 1638, Salmiya 22017, Kuwait</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="7E77B1E9DD3A49AFCCBD665FA8041E66">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A50967AA03B897CFABD4E040A575B1A5">2021-07-13</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E62FBDC13A0677F6D498201241B9A2E6">1048</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="C4BB4D628D0C3D6AB44C2ED991D42F6F">91</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="DB6B1CA116D65C52E7FE5EC3F4055E81">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="56C87D65D556B000A0FFC43AE0218169" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4DBD274AD37E5D2DB79FAD6F199504E9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183543006" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4DBD274AD37E5D2DB79FAD6F199504E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4DBD274AD37E5D2DB79FAD6F199504E9" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" scope_phylum="Mollusca" scope_subClass="Heterobranchia">
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<subSubSection id="526F848F8883834507DD0C7861FD7E75" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A3D701880CCA0B5306A553A995173563" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
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<taxonomicName id="E5299D74508B703409106384111BC3B7" ID-CoL="5XR9G" LSID="4DBD274A-D37E-5D2D-B79F-AD6F199504E9" authority="Yonow, 1994" authorityName="Yonow" authorityYear="1994" class="Gastropoda" family="Aglajidae" genus="Chelidonura" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chelidonura livida" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="livida">Chelidonura livida Yonow, 1994</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0E7B730D0C9B042679FB95948E025410" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D6C41E74CC3769B066842675A5FF4C76" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
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<figureCitation id="208E6E3E734F1027F25CCF1B4ACD71C1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Chelidonura livida Yonow, 1994. Photograph R. Dinesh Kumar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/566234" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8E0D935183FDE5068DB8A7DD5ADB9926" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="72FFCD7AA02FACA44098220F0C60C8AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
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<taxonomicName id="1CCC84E70ACC4814F9534774481CD66D" baseAuthorityName="Martens" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Gastropoda" family="Aglajidae" genus="Aglaja" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aglaja cyanea" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cyanea">Aglaja cyanea</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="7B11A5ACEAE705642B6AF9A9078DC042" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">nigra</emphasis>
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):
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<bibRefCitation id="CE49D2EB7D0B7F350B73CEFF3731746A" author="Engel, E" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Sea Fisheries Research Station, Israel" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" pagination="15 - 34" refId="B22" refString="Engel, E, van Eeken, CJ, 1962. Red sea Opisthobranchia from the coast of Israel and Sinai. Bulletin of Sea Fisheries Research Station, Israel 30: 15 - 34" title="Red sea Opisthobranchia from the coast of Israel and Sinai." volume="30" year="1962">Engel and van Eeken 1962</bibRefCitation>
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(part): 17, E55/342 (Red Sea).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0EF107739A32C8156C8E43C80E8158A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
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<taxonomicName id="DF4FFB71494ED9A3C9997DB9CAB3576E" authorityName="Pruvot-Fol" authorityYear="1953" class="Gastropoda" family="Aglajidae" genus="Chelidonura" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chelidonura africana" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="africana">Chelidonura africana</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="AE9EC1EB09E72367C5563115DAD6ED02" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Fauna of Saudi Arabia" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" pagination="286 - 299" refId="B65" refString="Yonow, N, 1990. Red Sea Opisthobranchia 3: the orders Sacoglossa, Cephalaspidea and Nudibranchia: Doridacea (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 11: 286 - 299" title="Red Sea Opisthobranchia 3: the orders Sacoglossa, Cephalaspidea and Nudibranchia: Doridacea (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia)." volume="11" year="1990">Yonow 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 289, pl. 4 (Red Sea; misidentification).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="10A888381DABE1208718F74B52D8DBAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
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<taxonomicName id="42FA58DA6C55E0BF87633A8D7BBAD7DE" authorityName="Yonow" authorityYear="1994" class="Gastropoda" family="Aglajidae" genus="Chelidonura" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chelidonura livida" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="livida">Chelidonura livida</taxonomicName>
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Yonow, 1994a: 141-147, Fig.
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<figureCitation id="66D93535C5D2B652899485CB9A2C863F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Map showing heterobranch record sites in Kuwait." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/566233" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">1</figureCitation>
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(Eilat, Red Sea):
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<bibRefCitation id="4475264D4A004CB7B71079D202903129" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publications, Sofia / Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" refId="B68" refString="Yonow, N, 2008. Sea Slugs of the Red Sea. Pensoft Publications, Sofia/Moscow" title="Sea Slugs of the Red Sea." year="2008">Yonow 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 78-79, includes five figures (Gulf of Eilat, Red Sea).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BCBAFBB41AE9DFD4B10547A7A02B3C08" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="photographic record">
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<paragraph id="093766502B19E0CD2ECBF138FDD775DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Photographic record.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C7E43A5BAF4F1D9B57F68B3F5D568223" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">SAASC Al-Khiran, 13 June 2012, one individual photographed at 3 m depth in sandy substrate, R. Dinesh Kumar.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BED49B34CB84426E5D237526CB15E17D" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="description">
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<paragraph id="753768515C3C7E260CBA1DFBC39DD6BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="10772D922AE2B78C9E98425AB27A68E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
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The individual has a black body colour, prominent electric blue spots scattered over the dorsum, head, and parapodia (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="1EA4266B4022F06E8FF3706BFAADA5E2" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Chelidonura livida Yonow, 1994. Photograph R. Dinesh Kumar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/566234" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">2</figureCitation>
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). White flecks interspersed with electric blue spots are found on the head and along the edges of the parapodia. The caudal flaps are unequal with the left longer than the right, and with an electric blue spot at the base of the left caudal flap (see Fig.
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<figureCitation id="3986989FB3694AD88EE3683968FF5488" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Chelidonura livida Yonow, 1994. Photograph R. Dinesh Kumar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/566234" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">2</figureCitation>
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). The blue spots on the anterior portion of the propodium form a coalescent line which is partly visible in this individual (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="B7FDE88E4B09A3FB236CA019E8BB7866" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Chelidonura livida Yonow, 1994. Photograph R. Dinesh Kumar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/566234" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">2</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="122EFFABE1F6CDA47186D72BBE8C9E78" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/566234" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph id="F58A4E3D7CA8DF8CF9F6CDE513B1649D" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
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<emphasis id="6EF4FA1A01D00C675628F3B1F2C27BAD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="ADC610E73478F2DF58802DE12D58549F" authorityName="Yonow" authorityYear="1994" class="Gastropoda" family="Aglajidae" genus="Chelidonura" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chelidonura livida" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="livida">
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<emphasis id="95D35149625166077E5C1EDCDFCC3B69" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Chelidonura livida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Yonow, 1994. Photograph R. Dinesh Kumar.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9DB1D5602B6DCB2A573A9B1B9178DB53" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="4ECF56FD390600C055E42E1688C26DE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="54716FD55BCA1A2980DDEF66D23A9ED7" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
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Israel (
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<bibRefCitation id="CB65D2B5EA766050AD0EF7CFA3CE885F" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" pagination="14 - 147" refId="B66" refString="Yonow, N, 1994a. A new species and a new record of Chelidonura livida from the Red Sea (Cephalaspidea: Aglajidae). Journal of Conchology 35: 14 - 147" title="A new species and a new record of Chelidonura livida from the Red Sea (Cephalaspidea: Aglajidae)." volume="35" year="1994 a">Yonow 1994a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="E29E92E77BBAFD3FDA21AC872594E853" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publications, Sofia / Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" refId="B68" refString="Yonow, N, 2008. Sea Slugs of the Red Sea. Pensoft Publications, Sofia/Moscow" title="Sea Slugs of the Red Sea." year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
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), Abu Dhabi (
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<bibRefCitation id="2EB8D537C5A74D9ED229F4239BD0A555" author="Hardy, P" journalOrPublisher="The Festivus" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" publicationUrl="http://www.seaslugforum.net/find/4261" refId="B32" refString="Hardy, P, 2001. (May 15) Chelidonura livida from United Arab Emirates. Sea Slug Forum, Australian Museum, Sydney. http://www.seaslugforum.net/find/4261" title="(May 15) Chelidonura livida from United Arab Emirates. Sea Slug Forum, Australian Museum, Sydney." url="http://www.seaslugforum.net/find/4261" year="2001">Hardy 2001</bibRefCitation>
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), Mayotte Island (http://seaslugs.free.fr/nudibranche/a_cheli_livida.htm), Tanzania and Mozambique (
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<bibRefCitation id="EEEF15768C33CAA2FF99AD38FDA90915" author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="Sea Challengers Natural History Books and the California Academy of Sciences, California" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" refId="B29" refString="Gosliner, TM, Behrens, DW, Valdes, A, 2008. Indo-Pacific Nudibranchs and Sea Slugs. A field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books and the California Academy of Sciences, California" title="Indo-Pacific Nudibranchs and Sea Slugs. A field guide to the world's most diverse fauna." year="2008">Gosliner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="92DAD9280215B4CB1D0AD0F81CDBD2BC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-016-0500-7" author="Tibirica, Y" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" pagination="791 - 811" refId="B58" refString="Tibirica, Y, Malaquias, MAE, 2017. The bubble snails (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) of Mozambique: an overlooked biodiversity hotspot. Marine Biodiversity 47: 791 - 811, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-016-0500-7" title="The bubble snails (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) of Mozambique: an overlooked biodiversity hotspot." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-016-0500-7" volume="47" year="2017">
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<normalizedToken id="0AC367547BB1247C0AF83A35A5BC35D6" originalValue="Tibiriçá">Tibirica</normalizedToken>
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and Malaquias 2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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), and Kuwait (this study).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9A9245647350A6E5909EDD81FAF6F79B" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="BD291317CD37E024FAF03C9728FEC397" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1B89CA2A9BD36361BFE35CFF16810DE8" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
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<bibRefCitation id="2831014060DB00BF15CC1DC0056E6228" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" pagination="14 - 147" refId="B66" refString="Yonow, N, 1994a. A new species and a new record of Chelidonura livida from the Red Sea (Cephalaspidea: Aglajidae). Journal of Conchology 35: 14 - 147" title="A new species and a new record of Chelidonura livida from the Red Sea (Cephalaspidea: Aglajidae)." volume="35" year="1994 a">Yonow (1994a)</bibRefCitation>
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described
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<taxonomicName id="957CAF60BE165B491DB12D0C107A9596" lsidName="Ch. livida" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="livida">
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<emphasis id="D65B9D08BCB0FE4875B1FBF9F04750D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Ch. livida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Eilat, Israel, in the north-eastern Red Sea. In
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<taxonomicName id="49E569902712A554C3043B431231BA3F" lsidName="Ch. livida" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="livida">
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<emphasis id="D27CBAE98D78FCEB32CDDF467DD59873" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Ch. livida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, both sides of the mouth bear whitish or yellowish sensory bristles which is visible in the frontal view or if viewed from above (
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<bibRefCitation id="6110523EE816447205DD22FD2067F746" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" pagination="14 - 147" refId="B66" refString="Yonow, N, 1994a. A new species and a new record of Chelidonura livida from the Red Sea (Cephalaspidea: Aglajidae). Journal of Conchology 35: 14 - 147" title="A new species and a new record of Chelidonura livida from the Red Sea (Cephalaspidea: Aglajidae)." volume="35" year="1994 a">Yonow 1994a</bibRefCitation>
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); however, it is not clearly visible in the photograph of the individual presented in this study due to the angle at which it was photographed (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="678D705DBD60DBE692E0A93900E68D26" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Chelidonura livida Yonow, 1994. Photograph R. Dinesh Kumar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/566234" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">2</figureCitation>
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). The head shield has two short processes on its lateral side, which is bit longer in the left compared to the right side and tubular when the animal is in relaxed state (
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<bibRefCitation id="4BD898DFA87C95AD089CEE5AB366FDFF" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" pagination="14 - 147" refId="B66" refString="Yonow, N, 1994a. A new species and a new record of Chelidonura livida from the Red Sea (Cephalaspidea: Aglajidae). Journal of Conchology 35: 14 - 147" title="A new species and a new record of Chelidonura livida from the Red Sea (Cephalaspidea: Aglajidae)." volume="35" year="1994 a">Yonow 1994a</bibRefCitation>
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). This was clearly observed in the individual recorded in this study (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="FD47FF70100C19C5B6A5830CBD02C07E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Chelidonura livida Yonow, 1994. Photograph R. Dinesh Kumar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/566234" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">2</figureCitation>
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). The individual recorded from Mozambique (
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<bibRefCitation id="ECADEE959E78306FD04256D195093EBB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-016-0500-7" author="Tibirica, Y" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" pagination="791 - 811" refId="B58" refString="Tibirica, Y, Malaquias, MAE, 2017. The bubble snails (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) of Mozambique: an overlooked biodiversity hotspot. Marine Biodiversity 47: 791 - 811, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-016-0500-7" title="The bubble snails (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) of Mozambique: an overlooked biodiversity hotspot." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-016-0500-7" volume="47" year="2017">
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<normalizedToken id="2E294E9D5375D5704D3549B31DB0F515" originalValue="Tibiriçá">Tibirica</normalizedToken>
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and Malaquias 2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 2f) has prominent electric blue rings that are scattered over the dorsum and parapodial margin. The caudal flaps are rather thin, the right one short and the left one elongated with a prominent electric blue spot. However, the individual observed in this study has short and thick caudal flap with a thin, pointed tip and a blue spot at its base (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="33BB752A4385150881DA1647E641AE2E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Chelidonura livida Yonow, 1994. Photograph R. Dinesh Kumar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/566234" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">2</figureCitation>
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). The species possesses a highly reduced internal shell. This is a new record to both Kuwait and the APG, this record denoting a range extension into the northern APG from its type locality in the Red Sea.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |