370 lines
45 KiB
XML
370 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="05772800A4E3DA6A7667E0C3E5E2AC9F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4803.3.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3919999" ID-ZooBank="297F3A33-F40A-44B2-8844-4976707F59B2" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1593414313820" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Danilov, Yuriy N. & Byvaltsev, Alexander M." docDate="2020" docId="4B1C87F92C4EFFFFFF382EB474A5F93E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4803.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4803 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Palmodes Kohl 1890" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="405" masterDocId="B725FF812C4AFFFBFFAF2E557737FFE7" masterDocTitle="The digger wasps of the genus Palmodes Kohl, 1890 in Central Asia (Hymenoptera Sphecidae: Prionychini)" masterLastPageNumber="434" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="405" updateTime="1700277200576" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B059CFEC64297407C431D4BCD336FEA2">
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<mods:title id="91A81B58F4F13E4A0AC52E4C3908BBAE">The digger wasps of the genus Palmodes Kohl, 1890 in Central Asia (Hymenoptera Sphecidae: Prionychini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A4E25E43D0098C617F5DFDB866CAA96E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A8D8EEAFE75C52B92CC2EBEC4C2E1925">Danilov, Yuriy N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A7D9F1736C4491B5ADB8AD44B99E4E2">Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Frunze Street 11, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="62E3FFC07150D2ACB109078FF236A365">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4A5FDF4EF68C497082F98DCC04A44608">Byvaltsev, Alexander M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="422A14F49259CC70998CF6122E44BC5F">Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street, 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. ByvAM @ yandex. ru</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="860CFAC4327CD586710ED879BDD07118">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="ED8AF61A57233E1D02B395E69D405BBF">
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<mods:date id="15D003BC50BD4A10B18B84614F5E7AED">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="79992DBBC01AA7812DE45D55AB0DDAB6">2020-06-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9D0DF7A8CC56A6DA3CA2193451C13C53">4803</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="DEBFD660FB3F2D0C8CE13BA6414D8531">401</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="15270509C03664B0F74737FFFA00C00D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4803.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A38D54B686DC8225F15698E8B6E477A1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="8BAF65642C4EFFFFFF382EB476C4FF1C" box="[151,499,225,252]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C30A36EF2C4EFFFFFF382EB476C4FF1C" blockId="4.[151,499,225,252]" box="[151,499,225,252]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
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<heading id="984281832C4EFFFFFF382EB476C4FF1C" bold="true" box="[151,499,225,252]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF382EB476C4FF1C" bold="true" box="[151,499,225,252]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFF412EB476C4FF1C" ID-CoL="63JD2" authority="Kohl, 1890" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[238,499,225,252]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF412EB47654FF1B" bold="true" box="[238,355,225,252]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFEC42EB776C4FF1C" author="Kohl, F. F." box="[363,499,225,252]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="77 - 194" refId="ref26607" refString="Kohl, F. F. (1890) Die Hymenopterengruppe der Sphecinen. I-II. Monographie der naturlichen Gattung Sphex L. (sens. lat.). Annalen des k. k. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, Wien, 5, 77 - 194 + 319 - 462." type="journal article" year="1890">Kohl, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BAF65642C4EFFFFFF382F737388FEBA" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C30A36EF2C4EFFFFFF382F737388FEBA" blockId="4.[151,1436,293,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFF382F737696FED9" ID-CoL="63JD2" authority="Kohl, 1890: 112" authorityName="Kohl" authorityPageNumber="112" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,417,293,318]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF382F7377CCFED9" box="[151,251,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFEAF2F707696FED9" author="Kohl, F. F." box="[256,417,293,318]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="77 - 194" refId="ref26607" refString="Kohl, F. F. (1890) Die Hymenopterengruppe der Sphecinen. I-II. Monographie der naturlichen Gattung Sphex L. (sens. lat.). Annalen des k. k. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, Wien, 5, 77 - 194 + 319 - 462." type="journal article" year="1890">Kohl, 1890:112</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="1C0E884D2C4EFFFFFE062F7376ECFED9" box="[425,475,294,318]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFD992F737209FED9" authority="(Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau et Audinet-Serville, 1828)" baseAuthorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau et Audinet-Serville" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[566,1342,293,318]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Chlorion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occitanicum">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFD992F737425FEDA" box="[566,786,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Chlorion occitanicum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFCB12F707200FED9" author="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, A. L. M. & Audinet-Serville, J. G." box="[798,1335,293,318]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" refId="ref26693" refString="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, A. L. M. & Audinet-Serville, J. G. (1828) Encyclopedie methodique, ou par ordre des matieres. Histoire naturelle. Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des crustaces, des arachnides et des insectes. Vol. 10. Veuve Agasse, Paris, 832 pp." type="book" year="1828">Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau et Audinet-Serville, 1828</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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[=
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFACF2F737455FEBB" ID-CoL="4YYWN" authority="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau et Audinet-Serville, 1828" authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau et Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occitanicus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFACF2F73760DFEBB" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Sphex occitanicus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFEEE2F117455FEBB" author="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, A. L. M. & Audinet-Serville, J. G." box="[321,866,324,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" refId="ref26693" refString="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, A. L. M. & Audinet-Serville, J. G. (1828) Encyclopedie methodique, ou par ordre des matieres. Histoire naturelle. Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des crustaces, des arachnides et des insectes. Vol. 10. Veuve Agasse, Paris, 832 pp." type="book" year="1828">Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau et Audinet-Serville, 1828</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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], designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFBAA2F11738CFEBA" author="Fernald, H. T." box="[1029,1211,324,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="291 - 423" refId="ref25247" refString="Fernald, H. T. (1906) The digger wasps of North America and the West Indies belonging to the subfamily Chlorioninae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 31, 291 - 423. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.31 - 1487.291" type="journal article" year="1906">Fernald 1906:318</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BAF65642C4EFFFFFF382FDF754BFCD5" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C30A36EF2C4EFFFFFF382FDF754BFCD5" blockId="4.[151,1437,394,1753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF382FDF7625FE42" bold="true" box="[151,274,394,421]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Morphologically, the genus differs well from the related genera
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFBA72FD97356FE42" authorityName="Van der Linden" authorityYear="1827" box="[1032,1121,396,421]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Prionyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFBA72FD97356FE42" box="[1032,1121,396,421]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Prionyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFB312FDE722BFE42" authorityName="Menke" authorityYear="1976" box="[1182,1308,395,421]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Chilosphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFB312FDE722BFE42" box="[1182,1308,395,421]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Chilosphex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFA812FDE72ABFE42" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[1326,1436,395,421]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFA812FDE72ABFE42" box="[1326,1436,395,421]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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closely resembles
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFEC42FFA76DEFE2E" authorityName="Menke" authorityYear="1976" box="[363,489,431,457]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Chilosphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFEC42FFA76DEFE2E" box="[363,489,431,457]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Chilosphex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the shape of the clypeus, the claws with two ventral teeth and by lacking the placoids on the male antennae, but differs in having a distinctly defined tarsal rake of the female foreleg and by the rectangular male S8 with the apical margin slightly emarginate or triangular (
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC562FA27340FDF6" authorityName="Menke" authorityYear="1976" box="[1017,1143,503,529]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Chilosphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC562FA27340FDF6" box="[1017,1143,503,529]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Chilosphex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has no defined tarsal rake on the female foreleg and male S8 is rectangular with lateral teeth).
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC212C4E74CBFDD2" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[910,1020,539,565]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC212C4E74CBFDD2" box="[910,1020,539,565]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similar to the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFA892C4E72ABFDD2" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[1318,1436,539,565]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Calosphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFA892C4E72ABFDD2" box="[1318,1436,539,565]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Calosphex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF182C157623FDBE" box="[183,276,576,601]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">niveatus</emphasis>
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species group) of
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFE4B2C15750AFDBE" authorityName="Van der Linden" authorityYear="1827" box="[484,573,576,601]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Prionyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFE4B2C15750AFDBE" box="[484,573,576,601]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Prionyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having the claws with two ventral teeth and by the absence of placoids on the male antennae, but differs in lacking pale fasciae on the metasoma, and by the shape of clypeus (the clypeus of
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFF382CD2763AFD46" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,269,647,673]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Calosphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF382CD2763AFD46" box="[151,269,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Calosphex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has no distinct emargination and the metasoma has pale fasciae).
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC432CD2736DFD46" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[1004,1114,647,673]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC432CD2736DFD46" box="[1004,1114,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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also resembles the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFF382CF9761EFD22" authorityName="F.Smith" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,297,684,709]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Harpactopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF382CF9761EFD22" box="[151,297,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Harpactopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFEE02CFE769EFD22" box="[335,425,683,709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">crudelis</emphasis>
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species group) of
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFDD92CF975F8FD22" authorityName="Van der Linden" authorityYear="1827" box="[630,719,684,709]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Prionyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFDD92CF975F8FD22" box="[630,719,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Prionyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having the claws with two teeth on ventral margin, but differs in lacking placoids on the male antennae and by the female clypeus which has the lateral emargination, and is divided into three lobes (
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<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFE372CA1751DFCEA" authorityName="F.Smith" authorityYear="1856" box="[408,554,756,781]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Harpactopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFE372CA1751DFCEA" box="[408,554,756,781]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Harpactopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has the male antennae with placoids and the female clypeus without the lateral emargination, not divided into three lobes).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BAF65642C4EFFFFFF682D6F74A5F93E" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30A36EF2C4EFFFFFF682D6F72A2FC26" blockId="4.[151,1437,394,1753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF682D6F7660FCB2" bold="true" box="[199,343,826,853]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
The following are the main recognition features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC012D6E732CFCB2" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[942,1051,827,853]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC012D6E732CFCB2" box="[942,1051,827,853]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: clypeus broad, flattened, its free margin in female emarginate and divided into three lobes; male antennae without placoids; second submarginal cell of forewing higher than broad; claws with two ventral teeth; female foreleg with well-defined tarsal rake; male S4–S5 pruinose; male S8 triangular or rectangular with slightly emarginate apical margin; male volsella spatulate apically.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30A36EF2C4EFFFFFF682D9F7209FBB6" blockId="4.[151,1437,394,1753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF682D9F7526FC02" bold="true" box="[199,529,970,997]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Species diagnostic features.</emphasis>
|
||
The following main features are used in species determination (in both sexes): shape of the clypeus (elongation and width of medial lobe, development of lateral lobe and lateral emargination; presence and features of appressed silvery setae (goldish or brownish in some species) of clypeus, pronotum, scutum and mesopleuron; sculpture of scutum and mesopleuron. The male genitalia are uniform in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFB672A627201FBB6" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[1224,1334,1079,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFB672A627201FBB6" box="[1224,1334,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30A36EF2C4EFFFFFF682A0F7475FACE" blockId="4.[151,1437,394,1753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF682A0F7678FB92" bold="true" box="[199,335,1114,1141]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
The color is variable in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFDF02A0E75FAFB92" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[607,717,1115,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFDF02A0E75FAFB92" box="[607,717,1115,1141]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC262A0974D0FB92" baseAuthorityName="F. Morawitz" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[905,999,1116,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC262A0974D0FB92" box="[905,999,1116,1141]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFBB22A097384FB92" baseAuthorityName="A. Costa" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1053,1203,1115,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strigulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFBB22A097384FB92" box="[1053,1203,1115,1141]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. strigulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have partly red legs. The metasoma is reddish basally in the females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFD772AD57444FB7E" baseAuthorityName="Mocsary" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[728,883,1151,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFD772AD57444FB7E" box="[728,883,1151,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. melanarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC2D2AD57326FB7E" box="[898,1041,1151,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hissaricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC2D2AD57326FB7E" box="[898,1041,1151,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. hissaricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFB8F2AD573FDFB7E" baseAuthorityName="F. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1056,1226,1151,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarinius">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFB8F2AD573FDFB7E" box="[1056,1226,1151,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. mandarinius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFB762AD5720EFB7E" baseAuthorityName="F. Morawitz" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1241,1337,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFB762AD5720EFB7E" box="[1241,1337,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFAE72AD577DFFB5A" authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau et Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occitanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFAE72AD577DFFB5A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. occitanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFE8B2AF1768DFB5A" baseAuthorityName="A. Costa" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[292,442,1187,1213]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strigulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFE8B2AF1768DFB5A" box="[292,442,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. strigulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in the males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFD362AF17411FB5A" box="[665,806,1187,1213]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hissaricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFD362AF17411FB5A" box="[665,806,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. hissaricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC9C2AF174EBFB5A" baseAuthorityName="F. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[819,988,1187,1213]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarinius">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC9C2AF174EBFB5A" box="[819,988,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. mandarinius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC462AF173B3FB5A" authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau et Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[1001,1156,1188,1213]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occitanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC462AF173B3FB5A" box="[1001,1156,1188,1213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. occitanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFB102AF17262FB5A" baseAuthorityName="A. Costa" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1215,1365,1187,1213]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strigulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFB102AF17262FB5A" box="[1215,1365,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. strigulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Most species of the genus have melanistic specimens; such specimens occur in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC6A2A9D7369FB06" baseAuthorityName="Mocsary" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[965,1118,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC6A2A9D7369FB06" box="[965,1118,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. melanarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in female),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFB442A9D724FFB06" box="[1259,1400,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hissaricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFB442A9D724FFB06" box="[1259,1400,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. hissaricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in both sexes),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFE8A2AB976F8FAE2" baseAuthorityName="F. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[293,463,1259,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarinius">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFE8A2AB976F8FAE2" box="[293,463,1259,1285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. mandarinius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in both sexes),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFD242AB975DCFAE2" baseAuthorityName="F. Morawitz" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[651,747,1260,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFD242AB975DCFAE2" box="[651,747,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in female),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFCD22AB9732EFAE2" authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau et Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[893,1049,1260,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occitanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFCD22AB9732EFAE2" box="[893,1049,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. occitanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in both sexes), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFAAA2AB972ABFAE2" baseAuthorityName="A. Costa" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1285,1436,1259,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strigulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFAAA2AB972ABFAE2" box="[1285,1436,1259,1285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. strigulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in male).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFEA42B4576A5FACE" baseAuthorityName="Mocsary" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[267,402,1295,1321]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFEA42B4576A5FACE" box="[267,402,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">P. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows no variability in the coloration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30A36EF2C4EFFFFFF682B677535F9C2" blockId="4.[151,1437,394,1753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF682B6776E6FAAA" bold="true" box="[199,465,1330,1357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Earlier classifications.</emphasis>
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFDFD2B6675F7FAAA" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[594,704,1331,1357]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFDFD2B6675F7FAAA" box="[594,704,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been proposed for a group of species in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFA9A2B66724FFAAA" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1333,1400,1331,1357]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFA9A2B66724FFAAA" box="[1333,1400,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Sphex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFF382B027613FA96" author="Kohl, F. F." box="[151,292,1367,1393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="77 - 194" refId="ref26607" refString="Kohl, F. F. (1890) Die Hymenopterengruppe der Sphecinen. I-II. Monographie der naturlichen Gattung Sphex L. (sens. lat.). Annalen des k. k. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, Wien, 5, 77 - 194 + 319 - 462." type="journal article" year="1890">Kohl (1890)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFE9F2B0276EFFA95" author="Fernald, H. T." box="[304,472,1367,1394]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="291 - 423" refId="ref25247" refString="Fernald, H. T. (1906) The digger wasps of North America and the West Indies belonging to the subfamily Chlorioninae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 31, 291 - 423. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.31 - 1487.291" type="journal article" year="1906">Fernald (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFD9F2B0275A9FA96" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[560,670,1367,1393]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFD9F2B0275A9FA96" box="[560,670,1367,1393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC982B027334FA96" authority="Latreille" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[823,1027,1367,1393]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Chlorion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC982B0274ABFA96" box="[823,924,1367,1393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Chlorion</emphasis>
|
||
Latreille
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a subgenus and designated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFAF32B02757FFA72" authority="Lepeletier et Serville" authorityName="Lepeletier et Serville" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Chlorion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occitanicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFAF32B027661FA72" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Chlorion occitanicum</emphasis>
|
||
Lepeletier et Serville
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C0E884D2C4EFFFFFD382B2E75F0FA72" box="[663,711,1403,1429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFC812B2E7309FA72" author="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S." box="[814,1086,1403,1429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="179 - 191" refId="ref23900" refString="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S. (1961) A review of the genus Palmodes in North America (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 63, 179 - 191." type="journal article" year="1961">Bohart and Menke 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFB362B2E7230FA72" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1890" box="[1177,1287,1403,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFB362B2E7230FA72" box="[1177,1287,1403,1429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a separate genus and gave a detailed generic characteristics, and continued to use this status (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFBEE2BCA7270FA5E" author="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S." box="[1089,1351,1439,1465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="91 - 182" refId="ref23945" refString="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S. (1963) A reclassification of the Sphecinae with a revision of the Nearctic species of the tribes Sceliphronini and Sphecini. University of California Publications in Entomology, 30, 91 - 182." type="journal article" year="1963">Bohart & Menke 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFAFB2BCA72A7FA5D" author="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S." box="[1364,1424,1439,1466]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" refId="ref23993" refString="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S. (1976) Sphecid wasps of the World. A generic revision. University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles and London, 696 pp." type="book" year="1976">1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In a revision of Palearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFE6D2B9675F5FA39" authority="Roth (1963)" authorityName="Roth" authorityYear="1963" box="[450,706,1475,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFE6D2B967507FA3A" box="[450,560,1475,1501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFD962B9675F5FA39" author="Roth, P." box="[569,706,1475,1502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="139 - 186" refId="ref28138" refString="Roth, P. (1963) Les Sphex palearctiques du sous-genre Palmodes. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Nouvelle Serie, Serie A, Zoologie, 18, 139 - 186." type="journal article" year="1963">Roth (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
treated the taxon as a subgenus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFBFE2B9673A3FA3A" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1105,1172,1475,1501]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFBFE2B9673A3FA3A" box="[1105,1172,1475,1501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Sphex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the following years
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFF382BB27632F9E6" authorityName="Roth" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,261,1511,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Palmodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF382BB27632F9E6" box="[151,261,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Palmodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was regarded either as a distinct genus or as a subgenus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC082BB274DDF9E6" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[935,1002,1511,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC082BB274DDF9E6" box="[935,1002,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Sphex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In recent decades, it has become customary to treat it as a full genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30A36EF2C4EFFFFFF68287B74A5F93E" blockId="4.[151,1437,394,1753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF68287B766EF9AE" bold="true" box="[199,345,1582,1609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Life history.</emphasis>
|
||
The female digs a single-cell nest in different
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C0E884D2C4EFFFFFCC8287A7495F9AE" box="[871,930,1583,1609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of soil, which she provisions with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFA81287A77F1F98A" authorityName="Krauss" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tettigoniidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFF7A28067662F98A" box="[213,341,1619,1645]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Orthoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFEF028067689F989" box="[351,446,1619,1646]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ensifera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Ensifera</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from the following genera:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFCAC280674D7F98A" authority="Haldeman" authorityName="Haldeman" authorityYear="1852" box="[771,992,1619,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Anabrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFCAC28067455F98A" box="[771,866,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Anabrus</emphasis>
|
||
Haldeman
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFC44280673F5F98A" authority="Scudder" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1894" box="[1003,1218,1619,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Atlanticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFC442806736AF98A" box="[1003,1117,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Atlanticus</emphasis>
|
||
Scudder
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFB6128067263F98A" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1897" box="[1230,1364,1619,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Capnobotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFB6128067263F98A" box="[1230,1364,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Capnobotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Scud- der,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFF6628227683F976" authority="Berthold" authorityName="Berthold" authorityYear="1827" box="[201,436,1655,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ephippiger" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF6628227670F976" box="[201,327,1655,1681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Ephippiger</emphasis>
|
||
Berthold
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFE6E282D7511F976" box="[449,550,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0171F80D2C4EFFFFFE6E282D7511F976" box="[449,550,1656,1681]" country="United States of America" name="Montana" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Montana</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Zeuner,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFD242822740BF976" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[651,828,1655,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Neduba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFD24282275D5F976" box="[651,738,1655,1681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Neduba</emphasis>
|
||
Walker
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFCE7282273BAF976" authority="Rehn et Hebard" authorityName="Rehn et Hebard" box="[840,1165,1655,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Pediodectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFCE7282274F8F976" box="[840,975,1655,1681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Pediodectes</emphasis>
|
||
Rehn et Hebard
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFB362822725FF976" authority="Scudder" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1898" box="[1177,1384,1655,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Platylyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFB3628227236F976" box="[1177,1281,1655,1681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Platylyra</emphasis>
|
||
Scudder
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B54D6C2C4EFFFFFF3828C97687F952" authority="Linnaeus. The" authorityName="Linnaeus. The" box="[151,432,1691,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Tettigonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1C1EAFD2C4EFFFFFF3828C9763FF952" box="[151,264,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Tettigonia</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus. The
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females drags the prey while walking on the ground. One nest is provisioned with one to four prey specimens. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFE3F28EA75A7F93E" author="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S." box="[400,656,1727,1753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="179 - 191" refId="ref23900" refString="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S. (1961) A review of the genus Palmodes in North America (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 63, 179 - 191." type="journal article" year="1961">Bohart & Menke 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7244B1E2C4EFFFFFD3328EA75E0F93E" author="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S." box="[668,727,1727,1753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="91 - 182" refId="ref23945" refString="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S. (1963) A reclassification of the Sphecinae with a revision of the Nearctic species of the tribes Sceliphronini and Sphecini. University of California Publications in Entomology, 30, 91 - 182." type="journal article" year="1963">1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Kazenas 2001).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |