treatments-xml/data/48/F3/C0/48F3C09CE0455C589162DB85853E9B6E.xml

<document ID-CLB-Dataset="100335" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3fc6193c-cd79-4419-a24e-7c5545e0bd30" ID-PMC="PMC9848802" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1113-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" ID-PubMed="36762231" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1113-1" checkinTime="1658252710949" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe, Dahlgren, Thomas G., Amon, Diva J., Cairns, Stephen, Drennan, Regan, Durden, Jennifer M., Eleaume, Marc P., Hosie, Andrew M., Kremenetskaia, Antonina, McQuaid, Kirsty, O'Hara, Timothy D., Rabone, Muriel, Simon-Lledo, Erik, Smith, Craig R., Watling, Les, Wiklund, Helena &amp; Glover, Adrian G." docDate="2022" docId="48F3C09CE0455C589162DB85853E9B6E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1113: 1-110" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1113" docPubDate="2022-07-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172" docTitle="Laetmonice stet. CCZ _ 060" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" masterDocTitle="Benthic megafauna of the western Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732669336981" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1BFC87B094570317EE40F246E36FA6CD">Benthic megafauna of the western Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BE857945B021FAE6C62C1B5B0729048D">Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3695C51C71525B966D71E392A95CB0D0">Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden &amp; Norwegian Research Centre, NORCE, Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="48F3C09CE0455C589162DB85853E9B6E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197823780" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:48F3C09CE0455C589162DB85853E9B6E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/48F3C09CE0455C589162DB85853E9B6E" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Polychaeta" scope_family="Aphroditidae" scope_order="Phyllodocida" scope_phylum="Annelida" scope_subOrder="Aphroditiformia">
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<taxonomicName id="24E0095B2700FAA831B20CD2CD4DD78C" LSID="48F3C09C-E045-5C58-9162-DB85853E9B6E" authority="stet. CCZ _ 060" authorityName="stet. CCZ _ 060" class="Thecostraca" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Laetmonice" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laetmonice" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Laetmonice stet. CCZ_060</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="0CA996917AAE86DD2300437D48DE6E12" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Laetmonice stet. CCZ _ 060 A in situ image B ventral surface C elytra on dorsal surface D harpoon-shaped chaeta E dorsal surface F neurochaeta with fringed tips G notochaetal spine shafts. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 0.5 cm (B, E). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A), Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, E), Drennan (C, D, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7BCD279812186F7C6B8670D853012E49" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="83FE9898F405D61564531515BEDF509A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Clarion-Clipperton Zone • 
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; APEI 7; 
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, 
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; 
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<elevation id="C7D8D21D8EFFB753E2B2CC30D3290174" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.096" unit="m" value="3096.0">3096 m</elevation>
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deep; 
<collectingDate id="F5905BFF3D265235CECCC5659BA6AC11" value="2018-05-27">27 May. 2018</collectingDate>
; 
<collectorName id="8036CADEBB7E68C3A23417F2068333E5">Smith</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="B9295ED3FDDBB95D2D5C22EC23E3C194">Durden</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectorName id="8FC8199C52D99F8603D5E8BFB501CAF7">GenBank</collectorName>
: 
<accessionNumber id="46B59F36853E12ACD13BA7CEE18C1243" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/ON400687">ON400687</accessionNumber>
(COI); NHMUK 2022.76; 
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code: CCZ_060
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.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C913163E36C9D91AE8A6D1D6DA36FF64" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5AAE1E0CCA1401C8AAF0932D0A7B61CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Single specimen (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="1949A1C019E56DFFD61AD3A7568E7BC5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Laetmonice stet. CCZ _ 060 A in situ image B ventral surface C elytra on dorsal surface D harpoon-shaped chaeta E dorsal surface F neurochaeta with fringed tips G notochaetal spine shafts. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 0.5 cm (B, E). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A), Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, E), Drennan (C, D, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A</figureCitation>
). Body short, ovoid, flattened ventrally and somewhat arched dorsally. Specimen ~ 1 cm at widest point and 2 cm long, with 31 chaetigers. Dorsal felt not present. Specimen caked dorsally in dense layer of pale sediment (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="4CF4CE2AA26D2AEC871296124D5F2AB5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Laetmonice stet. CCZ _ 060 A in situ image B ventral surface C elytra on dorsal surface D harpoon-shaped chaeta E dorsal surface F neurochaeta with fringed tips G notochaetal spine shafts. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 0.5 cm (B, E). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A), Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, E), Drennan (C, D, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3B, E</figureCitation>
), easily removed from dorsum but adhering to prostomium, parapodia, chaetae, and pygidium, obscuring respective features. Elytra 15 pairs, semi-translucent, smooth, and overlapping to cover dorsum (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="0014FFFD6FD22F52B96EADC85BBEB0F6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Laetmonice stet. CCZ _ 060 A in situ image B ventral surface C elytra on dorsal surface D harpoon-shaped chaeta E dorsal surface F neurochaeta with fringed tips G notochaetal spine shafts. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 0.5 cm (B, E). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A), Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, E), Drennan (C, D, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3C</figureCitation>
). Dorsal cirri long, fine and tapering, extending beyond parapodia. Ventrum smooth. Ventral cirri, short, mostly broken off, not extending to base of neurochaetae. Parapodia biramous. Notochaetae include long, dark, brassy spines (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="693F524B7E2A3940613307088B23A2F5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Laetmonice stet. CCZ _ 060 A in situ image B ventral surface C elytra on dorsal surface D harpoon-shaped chaeta E dorsal surface F neurochaeta with fringed tips G notochaetal spine shafts. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 0.5 cm (B, E). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A), Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, E), Drennan (C, D, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3E</figureCitation>
) with simple, tapered tips or with harpoon-shaped tips bearing four or five recurved fangs (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="1EC16819A111D94B58DC89E1F13B9128" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Laetmonice stet. CCZ _ 060 A in situ image B ventral surface C elytra on dorsal surface D harpoon-shaped chaeta E dorsal surface F neurochaeta with fringed tips G notochaetal spine shafts. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 0.5 cm (B, E). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A), Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, E), Drennan (C, D, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3D</figureCitation>
); both types of notochaetae with tuberculated shafts (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="1D5215F699F0C6800AC459A89DD5BC45" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Laetmonice stet. CCZ _ 060 A in situ image B ventral surface C elytra on dorsal surface D harpoon-shaped chaeta E dorsal surface F neurochaeta with fringed tips G notochaetal spine shafts. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 0.5 cm (B, E). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A), Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, E), Drennan (C, D, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3G</figureCitation>
); neurochaetae include finer, shorter, paler chaetae with subdistal lateral spur and distal fringe of filamentous hairs (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="A0A57CD51B2EFC9CC642A36D2020AB50" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Laetmonice stet. CCZ _ 060 A in situ image B ventral surface C elytra on dorsal surface D harpoon-shaped chaeta E dorsal surface F neurochaeta with fringed tips G notochaetal spine shafts. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 0.5 cm (B, E). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A), Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, E), Drennan (C, D, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3F</figureCitation>
), tips frequently broken off or covered in sediment.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D4FFD8E116DEBB7DA7139D949E99EB6C" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="29D95B9535E61450A21A65E12F620D66" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="4C2FCB6C06CE31C8BEDE0896859FCFFA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="29BAE68E54C5CE99E55B647EA3424244" class="Thecostraca" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Laetmonice" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laetmonice" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3BE992AD594933EA8C9044C975CD362F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laetmonice</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_060 
<emphasis id="09DB66D89CCA6CDE9D955C4AE2DB2DBE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
in situ image 
<emphasis id="B15147BCD388B561F1681EB2164C47A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
ventral surface 
<emphasis id="2B72D4F3C9E5E28CCB3F1F0970B293A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
elytra on dorsal surface 
<emphasis id="B7E0FA6DC0922D1AB125A00F3C0C7FA9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
harpoon-shaped chaeta 
<emphasis id="C2F4DD565B105B8C237CDFDC48A5C05F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
dorsal surface 
<emphasis id="709256018FD15C24691AF16668616BFC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
neurochaeta with fringed tips 
<emphasis id="EE1B2D4E0AD04D6FDD7A11DE9CF346BB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
notochaetal spine shafts. Scale bars: 2cm (
<emphasis id="9BAC224BEE6BD6775AC5D7B79773F067" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 0.5 cm (
<emphasis id="2A21E107CD7F0DD0FAE0C161CAFDA430" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, E</emphasis>
). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (
<emphasis id="409E7FB55119150FF3CE9A1B1F38468C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
), Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (
<emphasis id="1996CBA33B4BFC58C509E35E42FF8EE4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, E</emphasis>
), Drennan (
<emphasis id="CC80ABB25FDC78244499F1BCBA853551" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D, F, G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6C92242BAF0715F5C21B43B07B32EAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="0BA204B804EC7E7E6F1E2D92B6902BA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CFC25326021AE23875077EC2AAF6C1DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The presence of harpoon-shaped notochaetae supports the placement of this specimen within the genus 
<taxonomicName id="A8D211C4C085EC21A30F646CEC516F17" class="Thecostraca" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Laetmonice" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laetmonice" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EB3436B353DEC2F4CB1F02EAC7E9DFBE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laetmonice</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="62B8E0EC8ACC36D5CA8CFFE95E8644DC" author="Fauchald, K" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series 28" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/3435/PinkBook-plain.pdf" refId="B27" refString="Fauchald, K, 1977. The polychaete worms. Definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series 28, https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/3435/PinkBook-plain.pdf" title="The polychaete worms. Definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera." url="https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/3435/PinkBook-plain.pdf" year="1977">Fauchald 1977</bibRefCitation>
). Forms a monophyletic clade with other species of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="6157A3E659EF5FBD993EFAE9B904A821" class="Thecostraca" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Laetmonice" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laetmonice" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8F2E071548B221BA7A0BF354FB785FAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laetmonice</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on COI sequences. Genetically distinct from 
<taxonomicName id="0EDEFC45F9E8DF8EA267C3633EE60C2B" class="Thecostraca" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Laetmonice" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laetmonice" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B004FF9D34875ED12183F030BA57B2B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laetmonice</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_060, the closest match is with 
<taxonomicName id="A0DF5C246DD1FCA95E8554417C73BAF6" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1856" class="Thecostraca" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Laetmonice" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laetmonice filicornis" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filicornis">
<emphasis id="CC10D1C3FE3C8AB82403031FB1121FB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laetmonice filicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kinberg, 1856 (90.8% similarity). 
<taxonomicName id="4F6BBB663D57AABBEDB60AE3CFAF3A14" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1856" class="Thecostraca" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Laetmonice" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laetmonice filicornis" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filicornis">
<emphasis id="644E5AB7E952931E16B8C1EC9D09CF9E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laetmonice filicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is described from shelf depths near Sweden in the North Atlantic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DBE3EFF3716017B7ADC71C51FC896E2A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="50EAB0EDF7BCDE43369AFCD0541A0A83" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4426849FA600858D4A6CE92E17357955" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This specimen was observed crawling on the sedimented seafloor on the seamount of APEI 7 at 3096 m depth.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3181627731B8AA3DB43E21EFF3C6CF75" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comparisons">
<paragraph id="C3D39DB057CEF2B841165A4886308D08" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparison with image-based catalogue.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A4F996A0A25E736004F49D84A4600EDD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
No exactly identical 
<taxonomicName id="00810E7DFA0166B50AE64C40FB81E902" class="Thecostraca" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Aphroditiformia">Aphroditiformia</taxonomicName>
morphotypes have been so far catalogued from seabed imagery collected in the eastern CCZ or in abyssal areas of the Kiribati EEZ. Consequently, the in situ image of 
<taxonomicName id="C9CB457283246216669B3D0FD83BF501" class="Thecostraca" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Laetmonice" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laetmonice" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F02FBFEFF3600A278D3711554A52600E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laetmonice</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_060 was added as a new morphotype (i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="6C147FEB05C13796ACFCC712172A1F18" class="Thecostraca" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Laetmonice" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laetmonice" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A06C93DE8BABB247B65FC95539D6627B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laetmonice</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. indet., ANN_019) in the megafauna imagery catalogue. Only one other 
<taxonomicName id="E0595CF2D20A53650B0DFA3B7F4860B8" class="Thecostraca" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Aphroditiformia">Aphroditiformia</taxonomicName>
morphotype (i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="F29EF28E1E0B38E7E81244CA39FB00EE" class="Polychaeta" family="Aphroditidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Aphroditidae</taxonomicName>
gen. indet., ANN_022; with much larger spines and no sediment coating), was catalogued from seabed imagery in the eastern CCZ, also found on a seamount. In vertically-facing seabed images, 
<taxonomicName id="7F914936A62D972128FB86DB16D71949" class="Thecostraca" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Aphroditiformia">Aphroditiformia</taxonomicName>
morphotypes could potentially be confused with plate-shaped Xenophyophore tests (e.g., 
<taxonomicName id="6CE857DC08572A0ED69F1C051D3F4F24" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1889" class="Monothalamea" family="Psamminidae" kingdom="Chromista" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="family">Psamminidae</taxonomicName>
), particularly a dense layer of sediment is found coating specimens, as observed in 
<taxonomicName id="2683DB6498DCAE1EC376E14B9452A6BA" class="Thecostraca" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Laetmonice" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laetmonice" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="76917CAF092324F6767D6D2C9067DC9D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laetmonice</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_060 (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="3FC1E8A8A463D9D6B7EB935509872311" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Laetmonice stet. CCZ _ 060 A in situ image B ventral surface C elytra on dorsal surface D harpoon-shaped chaeta E dorsal surface F neurochaeta with fringed tips G notochaetal spine shafts. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 0.5 cm (B, E). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A), Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, E), Drennan (C, D, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0994EA34A710F0EF201801D645417770" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E0E9DD69E08C15DCDC4DA63DEDDD93D6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Phylum 
<taxonomicName id="DDF235D9AC71BB93E99878C52118DB45" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="phylum">Arthropoda</taxonomicName>
von Siebold, 1848
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E3A2A6BCE0C87CEDF7AAAB8B46311062" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="0AC46A55659D0A89E8D616FC86129CDF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Subphylum 
<taxonomicName id="40A10F2DD12D3005B70661B54E2B1B46" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subPhylum" subPhylum="Crustacea">Crustacea</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="0D451D38D6C88C9891BD4B30981E000F" originalValue="Brünnich">Bruennich</normalizedToken>
, 1772
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60B0C4818DFA1EA7181031D2F290355" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="486906F0150F18155B6F34CF9C1708EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Superclass 
<taxonomicName id="8DE2025DD7DBEEF72420CB1F9C02A297" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superClass" superClass="Multicrustacea">Multicrustacea</taxonomicName>
Regier, Shultz, Zwick, Hussey, Ball, Wetzer, Martin &amp; Cunningham, 2010
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DCE13DD94DB2223C3677648A17EF15D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C7D18026653946C5B1CEC11D169882C3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Class 
<taxonomicName id="A56761B40D8EC8151061A753829DAE05" class="Thecostraca" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">Thecostraca</taxonomicName>
Gruvel, 1905
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E8738C62806E84D5CB0B711421C78460" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="FF5B3C3CD40D5CB1255D2FB65CB0B061" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Subclass 
<taxonomicName id="F1B8DC49AA9100A87A52D1486D2E1177" class="Thecostraca" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subClass" subClass="Cirripedia">Cirripedia</taxonomicName>
Burmeister, 1834
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EBC33CB8691DB986CB790250221B68FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="51820CFB5262084B90932A2EEBD443B6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Infraclass 
<taxonomicName id="0932A46C9CF08C59F62CE8356342FACE" class="Thecostraca" infraClass="Thoracica" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="infraClass">Thoracica</taxonomicName>
Darwin, 1854
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B0052E87F7AE06403CDA0E38EA27FA69" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="159502E71C4273DE094F242A2ABC043D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Superorder 
<taxonomicName id="53FEB71F6000CEF5796A5C1D8EEECDC6" class="Thecostraca" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superOrder" superOrder="Thoracicalcarea">Thoracicalcarea</taxonomicName>
Gale, 2015
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED16E4402202BD597336FC3FABA32494" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="8575C1707E2FC20EB03380B1F950519F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Order 
<taxonomicName id="370BC48260ED6728FB6A2B651FF698DA" class="Thecostraca" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Scalpellomorpha</taxonomicName>
Buckeridge &amp; Newman, 2006
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="26F86C107EF23CCA0CA6EB60FA6BF9FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="104FD4240772F36034FAC8837D8D9F54" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Family 
<taxonomicName id="440C39477042824A6B03D1640BFAA325" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1907" class="Maxillopoda" family="Scalpellidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pedunculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scalpellidae</taxonomicName>
Pilsbry, 1907
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D04AA9CC2E5AB67381656931EB297E12" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
To date, there is a single record at&gt; 3,000 m depth for the order 
<taxonomicName id="925084E0A960B4B68FD77166AD746944" class="Thecostraca" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Scalpellomorpha">Scalpellomorpha</taxonomicName>
in the CCZ (
<bibRefCitation id="B1CD9340938C7DBE1FCE84B0412A4BAA" author="O'Loughlin, PM" journalOrPublisher="Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B75" refString="OBIS (2022) Ocean Biodiversity Information System. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO." year="2011">OBIS 2022</bibRefCitation>
), but no collected material. Three specimens were collected during the DeepCCZ expedition; these belong to three different species from which only one was confidently assigned to a previously described species. Sequences for the COI and 18S genes were generated for the three specimens and included in a phylogenetic tree estimated from 18S and COI sequences (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="31C281EA8E28415FC8F519F7CF044897" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Rooted Bayesian phylogeny of Scalpellomorpha. Concatenated (18 S, and COI) BEAST median consensus tree with posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap (BS) values indicated. Only values of PP&gt; 0.70 and BS&gt; 50 are shown, with values of PP&gt; 0.95 and BS&gt; 90 indicated with a circle. Nodes not recovered on the RAxML tree are indicated with a hyphen. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in violet." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="4548DA4FF1627571B85DEE0934AAAF39" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="F167B30343A896D46FCAB67C15EF216D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="D7CA528982EDECA45A26B4ECA4B85FB6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Rooted Bayesian phylogeny of 
<taxonomicName id="96A9656B3C5EB401942FD1B70C428205" class="Thecostraca" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Scalpellomorpha">Scalpellomorpha</taxonomicName>
. Concatenated (18S, and COI) BEAST median consensus tree with posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap (BS) values indicated. Only values of PP&gt; 0.70 and BS&gt; 50 are shown, with values of PP&gt; 0.95 and BS&gt; 90 indicated with a circle. Nodes not recovered on the RAxML tree are indicated with a hyphen. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in violet.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3274B1D4A8F7E1309198DD3D1152B54A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="9DEBC450F6B4C111BC2F459D1AF53173" class="Thecostraca" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Scalpellomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Scalpellomorpha">Scalpellomorpha</taxonomicName>
have been commonly found in image-based megafauna surveys across the north Pacific abyss, usually attached to sponge stalks or nodules. However, their classification beyond family level (e.g., 
<taxonomicName id="7EA302B1CC769FEB9624656C0B68538C" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1907" class="Maxillopoda" family="Scalpellidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pedunculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scalpellidae</taxonomicName>
) from seabed imagery is constrained by their generally small size; only large specimens (&gt; 3 cm) which are rarely encountered can sometimes be classified to genus level from in situ images. Consequently, scalpellid specimens usually are collated into a single, generic morphotype (i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="8DF89CC1427FAC66AB8AAC3B1FA84EC5" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1907" class="Maxillopoda" family="Scalpellidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pedunculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scalpellidae</taxonomicName>
gen. indet., ART_010) in image-based quantitative analyses.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>