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<document id="1FF7C9BE1754A3AAF8804345D5A34E25" ID-CLB-Dataset="9719" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2020.1776905" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ccef5905-96d5-4ea8-b438-168afd46d3fc" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4116141" ID-ZooBank="22F74559-4F79-47B2-81DB-34C6C3B5729F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1603303827378" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Shimizu, So &amp; Broad, Gavin R." docDate="2020" docId="3E7687E8A55CFFEAAE824437FBED1E13" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.54.17-18.1115-1198.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 54 (17)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Xylonomus investigator Smith 1874" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="1164" masterDocId="C24FFF90A56DFFD8AF33461CFF9D187C" masterDocTitle="Photographic catalogue of the oldest primary types of Japanese Ichneumonoidea (Hymenoptera), those described by Frederick Smith and Francis Walker in 1874" masterLastPageNumber="1198" masterPageNumber="1115" pageNumber="1163" updateTime="1698846076832" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="67864E931D871574A7440231EF54FF10">Photographic catalogue of the oldest primary types of Japanese Ichneumonoidea (Hymenoptera), those described by Frederick Smith and Francis Walker in 1874</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="070568728DBCF921E53EEB8CEC20F6DF">Shimizu, So</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F02DEEC52B9DD949715D7BB610F5ED2B">Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kôbe University, Kôbe, Hyôgo, Japan; Research Fellow (DC 1 and Overseas Challenge Program for Young Researchers), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tôkyô, Japan; Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B67A498545E48C4A1178A3CF74850298">Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B05E1FC5E3D920E5C7BCB3B807CA6CBB">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="170326360CDD9B4F059623C43B4F6A69">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CAC594E6EB9D85042F4497C08BAC87B0">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B2802D042132E02E0BD0A06D267B11F9">54</mods:number>
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<treatment id="3E7687E8A55CFFEAAE824437FBED1E13" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4340128" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168507424" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4340128" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E7687E8A55CFFEAAE824437FBED1E13" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E7687E8A55CFFEAAE824437FBED1E13" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="1164" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<subSubSection id="FEC56575A55CFFE9AE824437FCEF1A39" box="[433,882,555,581]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFE9AE824437FCEF1A39" blockId="49.[433,882,555,616]" box="[433,882,555,581]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<heading id="ED288192A55CFFE9AE824437FCEF1A39" box="[433,882,555,581]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="71DF4D7DA55CFFE9AE824437FCEF1A39" authority="Smith, 1874" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1874" box="[433,882,555,581]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Xylonomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="investigator">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AE824437FCEF1A39" bold="true" box="[433,882,555,581]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AE824437FD4E1A39" bold="true" box="[433,723,555,581]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Xylonomus investigator</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D24E4B0FA55CFFE9ADE84437FCEF1A39" author="Smith F" box="[731,882,555,581]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" pagination="373 - 409" refId="ref24056" refString="Smith F. 1874. Description of new species of Tenthredinidae, Ichneumonidae, Chrysididae, Formicidae etc. of Japan. Trans Entomol Soc London. 1874: 373 - 409." type="journal article" year="1874">Smith, 1874</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FEC56575A55CFFE9AD614452FBD81B4C" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" type="description">
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFE9AD614452FD4C1A14" blockId="49.[433,882,555,616]" box="[594,721,590,616]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
(
<figureCitation id="2EE42A7BA55CFFE9AD694452FD541A14" box="[602,713,590,616]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="50.[160,225,1290,1313]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1258]" captionTargetId="figure-68@50.[163,1153,142,1258]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Figure 31. Holotype female of Xylonomus investigator Smith, 1874 (= Xorides investigator (Smith, 1874)): (a) labels (b) lateral habitus (c) head, frontal view (d) head, dorsal view (e) head, lateral view (f) mesoscutum, dorsal view (g) scutellum and propodeum, dorsal view (h) metasoma, dorsal view (i) mesosoma, lateral view (j) wings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4116203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4116203/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Figure 31</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFE9AF9344B6FF401A9A" blockId="49.[160,1156,682,742]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AF9344B6FE1B1AB8" bold="true" box="[160,390,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Taxonomic history.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D24E4B0FA55CFFE9AEA544B6FD181ABF" author="Townes HK &amp; Townes M &amp; Walley GS &amp; Townes G" box="[406,645,682,707]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" pagination="1 - 676" refId="ref24499" refString="Townes HK, Townes M, Walley GS, Townes G. 1960. Ichneumon-flies of American north of Mexico: 2 Subfamily Ephialtinae, Xoridinae, Acaenitinae. U S Nat Mus Bull. 216: 1 - 676. doi: 10.5479 / si. 03629236.216.1 - 2." type="journal article" year="1960">Townes et al. (1960)</bibRefCitation>
transferred this species to
<taxonomicName id="71DF4D7DA55CFFE9ACF844B6FF4A1A9A" authority="Latreille, 1809" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Xorides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9ACF844B6FB841ABF" box="[971,1049,682,707]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Xorides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D24E4B0FA55CFFE9AB1644B6FF4A1A9A" author="Latreille PA" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" refId="ref22629" refString="Latreille PA. 1809. Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem in familias disposita iconibus exemplisque plurimis explicata. Parisiis &amp; Argentorati: Tomus Quartus; 399 pp." type="book" year="1809">Latreille, 1809</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFE9AF93450AFBD81B4C" blockId="49.[160,1093,790,816]" box="[160,1093,790,816]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AF93450AFEE21B4C" bold="true" box="[160,383,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Current taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="71DF4D7DA55CFFE9AEBC450BFC9D1B4C" authority="(Smith, 1874)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[399,768,791,816]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Xorides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="investigator">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AEBC450BFDF81B4C" box="[399,613,791,816]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Xorides investigator</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D24E4B0FA55CFFE9AD41450BFD641B4C" author="Smith F" box="[626,761,791,816]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" pagination="373 - 409" refId="ref24056" refString="Smith F. 1874. Description of new species of Tenthredinidae, Ichneumonidae, Chrysididae, Formicidae etc. of Japan. Trans Entomol Soc London. 1874: 373 - 409." type="journal article" year="1874">Smith, 1874</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="71DF4D7DA55CFFE9AC3D450BFC5C1B4C" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[782,961,791,816]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ichneumonidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="71DF4D7DA55CFFE9ACF8450BFBA71B4C" authorityName="Shuckard" authorityYear="1840" box="[971,1082,791,816]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Xoridinae">Xoridinae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FEC56575A55CFFEAAF93457CFBED1E13" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="1164" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFE9AF93457CFCDB1B06" blockId="49.[160,838,864,890]" box="[160,838,864,890]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<materialsCitation id="06B73CA3A55CFFE9AF93457CFCDB1B06" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2884911342" box="[160,838,864,890]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Japan" location="Hyogo Prefecture" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" specimenCode="NHMUK010881026" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hyogo" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AF93457CFEDE1B06" bold="true" box="[160,323,864,890]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<typeStatus id="6964885CA55CFFE9AF93457CFF451B06" box="[160,216,864,890]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Type</typeStatus>
number.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="6964885CA55CFFE9AE61457DFE151B06" box="[338,392,865,890]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Type</typeStatus>
3b.699. Specimen #
<specimenCode id="E6799E85A55CFFE9AD40457DFCDB1B06" box="[627,838,865,890]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" type="Museum">NHMUK010881026</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFE9AF9345B7FE361BB8" blockId="49.[160,427,939,965]" box="[160,427,939,965]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AF9345B7FEB31BB9" bold="true" box="[160,302,939,965]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Type status.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="6964885CA55CFFE9AE0D45B7FE3A1BB8" box="[318,423,939,964]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFE9AF9345E9FEAA1C73" blockId="49.[160,311,1013,1039]" box="[160,311,1013,1039]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AF9345E9FF521C73" bold="true" box="[160,207,1013,1039]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Sex.</emphasis>
Female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFE9AF934223FD571C25" blockId="49.[160,714,1087,1113]" box="[160,714,1087,1113]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AF934223FEA01C25" bold="true" box="[160,317,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<typeStatus id="6964885CA55CFFE9AF934223FF451C25" box="[160,216,1087,1113]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="741BF81CA55CFFE9AE7F425CFD891C25" box="[332,532,1088,1113]" country="Japan" name="Hyogo" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Hyôgo Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, Honshû,
<collectingCountry id="CEC8766EA55CFFE9ADB1425CFD5B1C25" box="[642,710,1088,1113]" name="Japan" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFE9AF934295FDFB1D77" blockId="49.[160,1155,1161,1291]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AF934295FEB11CDF" bold="true" box="[160,300,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Label data.</emphasis>
First label,
<typeStatus id="6964885CA55CFFE9AEFB4296FD9C1CDF" box="[456,513,1162,1187]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Type</typeStatus>
/CM (round label, with red margin; first line printed and second line handwriting); second label, B.M.
<typeStatus id="6964885CA55CFFE9ADE142B1FC8A1CBA" box="[722,791,1197,1222]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<collectionCode id="D0CEAE3BA55CFFE9ADE142B1FC8A1CBA" box="[722,791,1197,1222]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">TYPE</collectionCode>
</typeStatus>
/HYM./3.b.699. (square label; first and second lines printed and third line handwriting); third label,
<taxonomicName id="71DF4D7DA55CFFE9AC5842D3FC711C94" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1829" box="[875,1004,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Xylonomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xylonomus</taxonomicName>
/investigator/
<typeStatus id="6964885CA55CFFE9AF9342EEFF4B1D77" box="[160,214,1266,1291]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Type</typeStatus>
Smith. (square label; handwriting).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFE9AF934327FCD81DE6" blockId="49.[160,1156,1339,1434]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AF934327FE861D29" bold="true" box="[160,283,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Condition.</emphasis>
Good, but the right fore wing is attached only by the hamuli to the hind wing, and the following parts are missing: right antenna after the 15th flagellomere, left antenna after the 17th flagellomere, and the left mid tarsus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFE9AF9343C7FE371D8A" blockId="49.[160,426,1499,1526]" box="[160,426,1499,1526]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55CFFE9AF9343C7FE371D8A" bold="true" box="[160,426,1499,1526]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
<bibRefCitation id="D24E4B0FA55CFFE9AF9343C7FEC71D8A" author="Walker F" box="[160,346,1499,1526]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" pagination="301 - 310" refId="ref25043" refString="Walker F. 1874. Descriptions of some Japanese Hymenoptera. Cistula Entomol. 1: 301 - 310." type="journal article" year="1874">Walkers 1874</bibRefCitation>
<typeStatus id="6964885CA55CFFE9AE5143C7FE371D8A" box="[354,426,1499,1526]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">types</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55CFFEAAF93400DFD661E7B" blockId="49.[160,1156,1553,1647]" lastBlockId="50.[160,1157,1483,1647]" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="1164" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">
Francis Walker described 14 species of
<taxonomicName id="71DF4D7DA55CFFE9AD67400DFC9E1E56" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[596,771,1553,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ichneumonidae</taxonomicName>
and six of
<taxonomicName id="71DF4D7DA55CFFE9AC4F400DFC641E56" authorityName="Nees von Esenbeck" authorityYear="1811" box="[892,1017,1553,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Braconidae</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="CEC8766EA55CFFE9AB0F400DFB1D1E56" box="[1084,1152,1553,1578]" name="Japan" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">Japan</collectingCountry>
. Walkers
<typeStatus id="6964885CA55CFFE9AE374028FEDD1E31" box="[260,320,1588,1613]" pageId="49" pageNumber="1163">types</typeStatus>
are generally not in good condition: his specimens are mounted with the ventral side glued onto a large piece of card, and they are generally extensively covered in glue, so many important characters are difficult or impossible to examine. In most cases, the antennae, legs, and wings are broken and/or lost.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E2A06676A55FFFEAAF934316FE771D05" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4116203" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4116203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4116203/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164" startId="50.[160,225,1290,1313]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1258]" targetPageId="50">
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55FFFEAAF934316FE771D05" blockId="50.[160,1156,1290,1401]" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55FFFEAAF934316FE971D5D" bold="true" box="[160,266,1290,1313]" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164">Figure 31.</emphasis>
Holotype female of
<taxonomicName id="71DF4D7DA55FFFEAAED74316FCD71D5D" authority="Smith, 1874" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1874" box="[484,842,1290,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Xylonomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="investigator">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55FFFEAAED74316FD5A1D5D" box="[484,711,1290,1313]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164">Xylonomus investigator</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D24E4B0FA55FFFEAADE24316FCD71D5D" author="Smith F" box="[721,842,1290,1313]" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164" pagination="373 - 409" refId="ref24056" refString="Smith F. 1874. Description of new species of Tenthredinidae, Ichneumonidae, Chrysididae, Formicidae etc. of Japan. Trans Entomol Soc London. 1874: 373 - 409." type="journal article" year="1874">Smith, 1874</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="71DF4D7DA55FFFEAAC474316FF7D1D42" authority="(Smith, 1874))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Xorides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="investigator">
<emphasis id="84ABEAECA55FFFEAAC474316FBAE1D5D" box="[884,1075,1290,1313]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164">Xorides investigator</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D24E4B0FA55FFFEAAB704316FF4D1D42" author="Smith F" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164" pagination="373 - 409" refId="ref24056" refString="Smith F. 1874. Description of new species of Tenthredinidae, Ichneumonidae, Chrysididae, Formicidae etc. of Japan. Trans Entomol Soc London. 1874: 373 - 409." type="journal article" year="1874">Smith, 1874</bibRefCitation>
))
</taxonomicName>
: (a) labels (b) lateral habitus (c) head, frontal view (d) head, dorsal view (e) head, lateral view (f) mesoscutum, dorsal view (g) scutellum and propodeum, dorsal view (h) metasoma, dorsal view (i) mesosoma, lateral view (j) wings.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B66036FEA55FFFEAAFF3400DFBED1E13" blockId="50.[160,1157,1483,1647]" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164">
<bibRefCitation id="D24E4B0FA55FFFEAAFF3400DFEEB1E56" author="Morley C" box="[192,374,1553,1578]" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164" pagination="131 - 135" refId="ref23089" refString="Morley C. 1913 b. On Walker's Japanese Ichneumonidae. Entomologist. 46: 131 - 135." type="journal article" year="1913">Morley (1913b)</bibRefCitation>
reviewed Walkers Japanese
<typeStatus id="6964885CA55FFFEAADEC400DFCBC1E56" box="[735,801,1553,1578]" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164">types</typeStatus>
, although with characteristic lack of taxonomic rigour. Dr Toichi Uchida subsequently revised them (
<bibRefCitation id="D24E4B0FA55FFFEAAB03402FFF751E13" author="Uchida T" pageId="50" pageNumber="1164" pagination="108 - 114" refId="ref24814" refString="Uchida T. 1940 b. Die walkerschen Typen der japanischen Ichneumoniden. Insecta Matsumurana. 14: 108 - 114." type="journal article" year="1940">Uchida 1940b</bibRefCitation>
), but his paper contained brief taxonomic notes without any illustrations.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>