329 lines
47 KiB
XML
329 lines
47 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="265C3A902E0169C76994C4829961A375">Revision of the Antarctic species of Halecium Oken, 1815 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Haleciidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="3E6287E0295AFF972CA91A373EAEF910" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4630891" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119423374" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4630891" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E6287E0295AFF972CA91A373EAEF910" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E6287E0295AFF972CA91A373EAEF910" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="267" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
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<subSubSection id="FED1657D295AFF982CA91A373E2FFD0B" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CA91A373D72FD2A" blockId="23.[151,579,620,679]" box="[151,579,620,646]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
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<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75295AFF982CA91A373D72FD2A" ID-CoL="3JB5Y" authority="Jaderholm, 1904" authorityName="Jaderholm" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,579,620,646]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
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<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982CA91A373D72FD2A" bold="true" box="[151,579,620,646]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
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<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982CA91A373E5AFD2A" bold="true" box="[151,363,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Halecium pallens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07295AFF982D4D1A373D72FD2A" author="Jaderholm" box="[371,579,620,646]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1904) Mitteilungen ueber einige von der Schwedischen Antarctic-Expedition 1901 - 1903 eingesammelte Hydroiden. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, (4) 3 (Notes et revue 1), 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1904">Jäderholm, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CA91AD53E2FFD0B" blockId="23.[151,579,620,679]" box="[151,286,654,679]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
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(
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<figureCitation id="2EF02A73295AFF982CA11AD53FD1FD0B" box="[159,224,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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E–K)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FED1657D295AFF982CA91A8D3BEFFCCB" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CA91A8D3E16FCA7" blockId="23.[151,1436,726,871]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="96DB11D8295AFF982CA91A8D3E16FCA7" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
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<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75295AFF982CA91A8D3ECBFD40" ID-CoL="3JB5Y" authority="Jaderholm, 1904" authorityName="Jaderholm" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,506,726,748]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
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<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982CA91A8D3E79FD40" box="[151,328,726,748]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Halecium pallens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07295AFF982D701A8D3ECBFD40" author="Jaderholm" box="[334,506,726,748]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1904) Mitteilungen ueber einige von der Schwedischen Antarctic-Expedition 1901 - 1903 eingesammelte Hydroiden. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, (4) 3 (Notes et revue 1), 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1904">Jäderholm, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
: iv; 1905: 4, 12–13, 38, pl. 5 figs 1–3;
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<treatmentCitation id="376A10E7295AFF982FBF1A8D3B79FD40" author="Blanco" box="[897,1096,726,748]" page="156" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07295AFF982FBF1A8D3B26FD40" author="Blanco" box="[897,1047,726,748]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" refString="Blanco, O. M. (1994 a) Enumeracion sistematica y distribucion geografica preliminar de los Hydroida de la Republica Argentina suborden Athecata (Gymnoblastea, Anthomedusae), Thecata (Calyptoblastea, Leptomedusae) y Limnomedusae. Revista del Museo de La Plata (Zoologia), 14 (161), 181 - 216." type="journal article" year="1994" yearSuffix="a">Blanco, 1994a</bibRefCitation>
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: 156
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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; 1994b: 187;
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<treatmentCitation id="376A10E7295AFF9828EC1A8C3E12FCA7" author="Vervoort" page="86" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" year="2003">
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07295AFF9828EC1A8C3FCCFCA7" author="Vervoort" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" refString="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E. (2003) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1 - 538, figs. 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort & Watson, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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: 86
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CA91B4E3BEFFCCB" blockId="23.[151,1436,726,871]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
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Not
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<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75295AFF982CFA1B4F3E47FC86" ID-CoL="3JB5Y" box="[196,374,788,810]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
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<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982CFA1B4F3E47FC86" box="[196,374,788,810]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Halecium pallens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
—
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||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07295AFF982DAE1B4F3D21FC86" author="Broch" box="[400,528,788,810]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" refString="Broch, H. (1948) Antarctic Hydroids. Scientific Results of the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition 1927 - 1928, et sqq., 28, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1948">Broch, 1948</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 4, 7–8, fig. 1;
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07295AFF982E951B4F3C52FC86" author="Stepanjants" box="[683,867,788,810]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" refString="Stepanjants, S. D. (1979) Hydroids of the antarctic and subantarctic waters. In: Biological results of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 6. Issledovaniya Fauny Morei, 20 (30), 1 - 200, pls 1 - 25. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1979">Stepanjants, 1979</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 105, pl. 20 fig. 2;
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07295AFF98281B1B4E3BC0FC86" author="Pena" box="[1061,1265,788,810]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2004) How rich is the deep-sea Antarctic benthic hydroid fauna? Polar Biology, 27, 767 - 774. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 004 - 0654 - 9" type="journal article" year="2004">Peña Cantero, 2004</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 769; 2006: 935, fig. 3B; 2008: 455, fig. 1h, i; 2010: 766, fig.4;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07295AFF982EA31B683CD1FCE4" author="Pena" box="[669,992,818,840]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. & Vervoort, W. (2009) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bransfield Strait area (Antarctica) collected by Brazilian expeditions, with the description of a new species. Polar Biology, 32, 83 - 92. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 008 - 0506 - 0" type="journal article" year="2009">Peña Cantero & Vervoort, 2009</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 85, fig.
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||
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, h (=
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<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75295AFF9828B31B683AA3FCE4" ID-CoL="3JB35" authority="Watson, 2008" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2008" box="[1165,1426,818,840]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
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<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF9828B31B683BCDFCE4" box="[1165,1276,818,840]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">H. banzare</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07295AFF98293D1B683AA3FCE4" author="Watson" box="[1283,1426,818,840]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Hydroids of the BANZARE expeditions, 1929 - 1931: the family Haleciidae (Hydrozoa, Leptothecata) from the Australian Antarctic Territory. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 165 - 178." type="journal article" year="2008">Watson, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Not
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||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75295AFF982CFD1B0A3E45FCCB" ID-CoL="3JB5Y" box="[195,372,849,871]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
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<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982CFD1B0A3E45FCCB" box="[195,372,849,871]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Halecium pallens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07295AFF982DB11B0A3DBEFCCB" author="Galea" box="[399,655,849,871]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" refString="Galea, H. R. & Schories, D. (2012 a) Some hydrozoans (Cnidaria) from Central Chile and the Strait of Magellan. Zootaxa, 3296, 19 - 67." type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">Galea & Schories, 2012a</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 36, pl. 3A, B, fig. 3G–M. (=?
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||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75295AFF982FF01B093BE2FCCB" ID-CoL="3JB35" authority="Watson, 2008" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2008" box="[974,1235,849,871]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
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||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982FF01B093B0FFCCB" box="[974,1086,849,871]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">H. banzare</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07295AFF98287A1B093BE2FCCB" author="Watson" box="[1092,1235,849,871]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Hydroids of the BANZARE expeditions, 1929 - 1931: the family Haleciidae (Hydrozoa, Leptothecata) from the Australian Antarctic Territory. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 165 - 178." type="journal article" year="2008">Watson, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
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<subSubSection id="FED1657D295AFF982CA91BCF3E32FC59" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CA91BCF3E32FC59" blockId="23.[151,1437,916,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
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<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982CA91BCF3EB2FC01" bold="true" box="[151,387,916,941]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
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<typeStatus id="69708854295AFF982DB21BCF3EDAFC00" box="[396,491,916,940]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="D0DAAE33295AFF982DC71BCF3D7BFC00" box="[505,586,916,940]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">SMNH</collectionCode>
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||
Type-7947 (old no. 436),
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||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982F431BCF3AA4FC00" box="[893,1429,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Schwedischen Antarctic-Expedition
|
||
<date id="C2751036295AFF9829291BCF3AA4FC00" box="[1303,1429,916,940]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" value="1901" valueMax="1903">1901–1903</date>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
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||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982CA91BEC3FD0FC7C" bold="true" box="[151,225,951,976]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Stn 34</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<date id="C2751036295AFF982CCE1BEC3E4EFC7C" box="[240,383,951,976]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" value="1902-06-05">05–06–1902</date>
|
||
,
|
||
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<geoCoordinate id="D3FF5031295AFF982DD01BEC3D64FC7C" box="[494,597,951,976]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" precision="925" value="-36.3">36°18’W</geoCoordinate>
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||
(mouth of Cumberland Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC7666295AFF982F9F1BEC3B79FC7C" box="[929,1096,951,976]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">South Georgia</collectingCountry>
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||
),
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13295AFF9828621BEC3BEFFC63" box="[1116,1246,951,976]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.81" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.52" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" unit="m" value="281.0" valueMax="310.0" valueMin="252.0">252–310 m</quantity>
|
||
, one stem c.
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13295AFF98294C1BE33FF2FC58" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="130.0">130 mm</quantity>
|
||
high.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FED1657D295AFF982CF91BA43B70FB5C" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CF91BA43B70FB5C" blockId="23.[151,1437,916,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
|
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<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982CF91BA43E70FBB4" bold="true" box="[199,321,1023,1048]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Polysiphonic stems, at least
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13295AFF982EAE1C5B3DDEFBBB" box="[656,751,1024,1048]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="130.0">130 mm</quantity>
|
||
high. Branching regular, stem giving rise alternately, likely every third hydrotheca, to paired branches forming two distinct, longitudinal series, approximately arranged in one plane. Branches originating from hydrophore of primary hydrotheca. Hydrothecae alternately arranged in one plane. Hydrotheca at the end of long, free hydrophore lacking pseudodiaphragm, but with strong adcauline perisarc development. Hydrothecal diameter slightly increasing distally. Very slightly everted rim. Up to third-order hydrothecae present. Female gonotheca flattened, pear-shaped, with short distal neck. With acrocyst (up to eight eggs). Cnidome consisting of microbasic mastigophores? and microbasic euryteles?
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FED1657D295AFF972CF91CA73B6EFEB0" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="267" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CF91CA73E85FAF1" blockId="23.[151,1437,916,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982CF91CA73E68FAB9" bold="true" box="[199,345,1276,1301]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Completely polysiphonic stem, at least
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13295AFF982F1E1CA73C4FFAB8" box="[800,894,1276,1300]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="130.0">130 mm</quantity>
|
||
high (probably a little higher since it is distally broken). Diameter slightly decreasing distally (c.
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13295AFF982EFF1D7B3C33FA9B" box="[705,770,1312,1336]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
at base). Hydrorhiza much developed, rhizoidal, composed of numerous thin stolons.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CF91D333CCCFA41" blockId="23.[151,1437,916,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Stem giving rise to side-branches, alternately arranged in approximately one plane and resting more or less perpendicular to it. Side-branches polysiphonic in part of their extension. Some much developed, reaching up to
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13295AFF9829BE1DD73FF2FA6B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="38.0">38 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, and strongly polysiphonic. Side-branches paired (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73295AFF982F071DF43C4AFA64" box="[825,891,1455,1480]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E), although in many cases one lost, particularly at basal part. Paired side-branches particularly present at distal part of colony.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CF91DA33C72F9D0" blockId="23.[151,1437,916,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Stem branching regular, at a more or less constant interval; probably every third hydrotheca, although large polysiphonic development prevents from confirming this. Branching ocurring every third hydrotheca in sidebranches. These giving rise to short, little-developed secondary branches. Stem and branches divided into internodes by alternately arranged oblique nodes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73295AFF982EF91E3F3C38F9D0" box="[711,777,1636,1661]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E–I).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CF91EDC3CAEF944" blockId="23.[151,1437,916,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Hydrothecae placed at the end of long free hydrophores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73295AFF982F401EDC3CF7F90C" box="[894,966,1671,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E–I); ratio between adcauline length of hydrophore and diameter at diaphragm 1.0–1.5. Hydrophores straight, regularly diverging from internode (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73295AFF9829511EF73F95F944" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E–I). Hydrothecae considerably surpassing distal node of internode.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CF91EAF3B8DF8F8" blockId="23.[151,1437,916,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Hydrotheca low, slightly widening distally, a little more at adcauline side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73295AFF9828091EAF3B4CF8A0" box="[1079,1149,1780,1805]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
F–I). Hydrothecal height slightly smaller at adcauline side. No pseudodiaphragm observed, although a strong perisarc development present at adcauline side of hydrophore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73295AFF982E391F673D78F8F8" box="[519,585,1852,1877]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
F–I). Up to third-order hydrothecae present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73295AFF9828001F673B4EF8F8" box="[1086,1151,1852,1877]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
H–I).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF982CF91F3A3C16F831" blockId="23.[151,1437,916,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Numerous female gonothecae present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73295AFF982EBE1F043DF2F8D4" box="[640,707,1887,1912]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
J–K), provided with distal, large acrocyst, with up to eight eggs. Gonotheca flattened, pear-shaped, with a short distal neck.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6295AFF972CF91FF33B6EFEB0" blockId="23.[151,1437,916,2021]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1437,151,1725]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="267" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982CF91FF33EEFF86D" bold="true" box="[199,478,1960,1985]" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Measurements (in µm).</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982DD81FF33D44F86D" box="[486,629,1960,1985]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Hydrothecae</emphasis>
|
||
: diameter at aperture 125–145, diameter at diaphragm 100–115, height abcauline side 40–50, height adcauline side 30–40.
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF982EC81F973C4CF849" box="[758,893,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Hydrophore</emphasis>
|
||
: adcauline length 110–170.
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4295AFF9828F51F973A72F849" box="[1227,1347,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="266">Internodes</emphasis>
|
||
: length 650–800, diameter 100–160.
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972DD918CC3D5FFF1C" box="[487,622,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">Gonothecae</emphasis>
|
||
: height 1800–2100, maximum diameter 820–970 (frontal view) and c. 440 (lateral view), length of distal neck c. 90, diameter at aperture c. 140.
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972FC018E73B52FF79" box="[1022,1123,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">Cnidome</emphasis>
|
||
: very abundant microbasic euryteles? with rounded ends [range 6.5–7
|
||
<date id="C27510362955FF972EB518BB3D81FF54" box="[651,688,223,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">x 3</date>
|
||
–3.5, mean 6.8±0.2 x 3.2±0.2 (n=10); ratio, range 2.0–2.3, mean 2.2±0.1 (n=10)] and abundant microbasic mastigophores? with sharp ends (6–7.5
|
||
<date id="C27510362955FF972812195E3B63FEB0" box="[1068,1106,260,284]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">x 2</date>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FED1657D2955FF972CF9197C3EAEF910" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62955FF972CF9197C3D20FD28" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972CF9197C3E0AFEEC" bold="true" box="[199,315,295,320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662955FF972D7219733E5AFEEC" box="[332,363,296,320]" name="American Samoa" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
indicated above,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972E70197C3C14FEEC" box="[590,805,295,320]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972E70197C3C14FEEC" box="[590,805,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">Halecium banzare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972FE019723B6AFEEC" box="[990,1115,295,320]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972FE019723B6AFEEC" box="[990,1115,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In fact, they are almost indistinguishable concerning the trophosome. They are similar in colony structure, with strongly polysiphonic stems, alternately branched every third hydrotheca, giving rise to paired side-branches. They also agree in the structure of internodes, with the hydrotheca placed at the end of a long free hydrophore, and in the shape of the hydrotheca. The only difference concerns the absence of pseudiaphragm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972FCC19E23B56FE7C" box="[1010,1127,439,464]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972FCC19E23B56FE7C" box="[1010,1127,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although a strong perisarc development is present at the adcauline side of the hydrophore. In material from Low
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662955FF97286919873BAAFE59" box="[1111,1179,476,501]" name="Iceland" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
previously assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972CA91A5A3E3AFDB4" box="[151,267,511,536]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972CA91A5A3E3AFDB4" box="[151,267,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf. Peña Cantero 2013), the pseudodiaphragm is usually absent in the hydrothecae from the branches, although it is clearly visible in the stem hydrothecae. Although information about the cnidome in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="697088542955FF9729371A7E3A08FD91" box="[1289,1337,549,573]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972C871A123E09FDCC" box="[185,312,583,608]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972C871A123E09FDCC" box="[185,312,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. banzare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is non-existent, it is known in material brought here to that species (see above) and there is no difference with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972DA91A363D3BFD29" box="[407,522,620,645]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972DA91A363D3BFD29" box="[407,522,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62955FF972CF91AD43FDEFC64" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">
|
||
Both species are, however, clearly distinguishable by the shape and size of the female gonothecae. They are inverted conical, contain large scattered ova (seven in Watson’s figure) and are distinctly smaller (1027 µm high and 948 µm wide) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972DB61A823D35FD5C" box="[392,516,727,752]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972DB61A823D35FD5C" box="[392,516,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. banzare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas they are pear-shaped, with a short distal neck, and a large acrocyst, with up to eight eggs, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972D471AA63EDFFCB9" box="[377,494,764,789]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972D471AA63EDFFCB9" box="[377,494,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It could also be possible that the described female gonothecae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF9728DF1AA63A6CFCB9" box="[1249,1373,764,789]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF9728DF1AA63A6CFCB9" box="[1249,1373,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. banzare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were incompletely developed, later developing the acrocyst to complete egg development, as it happens in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF97291E1B7A3AA4FC94" box="[1312,1429,799,824]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF97291E1B7A3AA4FC94" box="[1312,1429,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nevertheless, it should be indicated that in the
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972E971B1E3DCCFCF0" box="[681,765,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">Bentart</emphasis>
|
||
material (see above), the female gonothecae are apparently completely developed, with the aperture in frontal view extending the entire diameter, from the widest part upwards. Therefore, they are different from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972F3A1BD63C4DFC09" box="[772,892,908,933]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972F3A1BD63C4DFC09" box="[772,892,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which indicates the presence of two different species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62955FF972CF91B8F3C22FBBC" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662955FF972CF91B8F3FD7FC40" box="[199,230,980,1004]" name="American Samoa" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
indicated above,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662955FF972D931B8F3D24FC41" box="[429,533,980,1005]" name="Antarctica" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
|
||
material previously assigned to Jäderholm’s species could actually belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF9729BF1B8E3FC1FBBC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF9729BF1B8E3FC1FBBC" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. banzare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, being undistinguishable from Watson’s species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62955FF972CF91C473D9EF9FC" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">
|
||
On the other hand,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072955FF972DA11C473DF2FB98" author="Galea" box="[415,707,1052,1077]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" refString="Galea, H. R. & Schories, D. (2012 a) Some hydrozoans (Cnidaria) from Central Chile and the Strait of Magellan. Zootaxa, 3296, 19 - 67." type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">Galea & Schories (2012a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972F701C463CF3FB99" box="[846,962,1052,1077]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972F701C463CF3FB99" box="[846,962,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
material from the sub-Antarctic Magellan Strait that has some distinct differences with Jäderholm’s species. According to these authors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072955FF9728EF1C643E3BFBD1" author="Galea" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" refString="Galea, H. R. & Schories, D. (2012 a) Some hydrozoans (Cnidaria) from Central Chile and the Strait of Magellan. Zootaxa, 3296, 19 - 67." type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">Galea & Schories 2012a: 36</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) “Pseudodiaphragm seen in most hydrophores; considerably hypertrophied in basalmost hydrophores, often present in secondary or even tertiary hydrophores; reaching abaxial side of hydrophore as a thick belt”, whereas a psedodiaphragm is absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972E6A1CF63DF9FB69" box="[596,712,1196,1221]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972E6A1CF63DF9FB69" box="[596,712,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The material also differs from Jäderholm’s species in the shape and size of the female gonotheca. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072955FF972E8D1C943B32FB44" author="Galea" box="[691,1027,1231,1256]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" refString="Galea, H. R. & Schories, D. (2012 a) Some hydrozoans (Cnidaria) from Central Chile and the Strait of Magellan. Zootaxa, 3296, 19 - 67." type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">Galea & Schories (2012a: 36)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
the female gonotheca is “seemingly composed of two halves "fused" along a crease line following the perimeter of gonotheca”, there are “four to five eggs per gonotheca” and the “perisarc dissolved upon formation of acrocysts, leaving a large apical aperture for passage of egg mass”. In Jäderholm’s species the gonothecae is apparently not composed of two valves, there is no sign of any crease line along the perimeter of the gonotheca, there are up to eight eggs, and the gonothecal aperture is formed by a small distal neck, so that eggs and acrocyst must go out when they are small and little developed, contrary to what is clearly visible in the material of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072955FF972ED01DFC3B2BFA6C" author="Galea" box="[750,1050,1447,1472]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" refString="Galea, H. R. & Schories, D. (2012 a) Some hydrozoans (Cnidaria) from Central Chile and the Strait of Magellan. Zootaxa, 3296, 19 - 67." type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">Galea & Schories (2012a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This material could belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF9729BF1DF23FC1FA49" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF9729BF1DF23FC1FA49" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. banzare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it seems to have a different female gonotheca, since no acrocyst has been observed in any material assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972D221DAA3EA9F9A4" box="[284,408,1519,1544]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972D221DAA3EA9F9A4" box="[284,408,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">H. banzare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the aperture is formed by the distal part of the gonothecae, contrary to the large apical aperture formed by the dissolution of the perisarc indicated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072955FF972F631E4F3BB7F980" author="Galea" box="[861,1158,1556,1581]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" refString="Galea, H. R. & Schories, D. (2012 a) Some hydrozoans (Cnidaria) from Central Chile and the Strait of Magellan. Zootaxa, 3296, 19 - 67." type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">Galea & Schories (2012a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The material studied by these authors could be a new species to science.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62955FF972CF91E073EAEF910" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972CF91E073EC7F9D9" bold="true" box="[199,502,1628,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752955FF972DC31E073DF2F9D9" box="[509,707,1628,1653]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42955FF972DC31E073DF2F9D9" box="[509,707,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">Halecium pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected at a depth between 160 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072955FF9728421E073A05F9D9" author="Jaderholm" box="[1148,1332,1628,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1905) Hydroiden aus antarktischen und subantarktischen Meeren, gesammelt von der schwedischen Sudpolarexpedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, 5 (8), 1 - 41, pls 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1905">Jäderholm 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<quantity id="71339B132955FF97294C1E073F9CF934" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" unit="m" value="310.0">310 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072955FF972C851E243E45F934" author="Jaderholm" box="[187,372,1663,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1904) Mitteilungen ueber einige von der Schwedischen Antarctic-Expedition 1901 - 1903 eingesammelte Hydroiden. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, (4) 3 (Notes et revue 1), 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1904">Jäderholm 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662955FF972D911E243D60F934" box="[431,593,1663,1688]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="24" pageNumber="267">South Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072955FF972E611E243C26F934" author="Jaderholm" box="[607,791,1663,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1904) Mitteilungen ueber einige von der Schwedischen Antarctic-Expedition 1901 - 1903 eingesammelte Hydroiden. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, (4) 3 (Notes et revue 1), 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1904">Jäderholm 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072955FF972F1C1E243C6AF934" author="Jaderholm" box="[802,859,1663,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1905) Hydroiden aus antarktischen und subantarktischen Meeren, gesammelt von der schwedischen Sudpolarexpedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, 5 (8), 1 - 41, pls 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1905">1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Shag Rocks (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072955FF9728131E243BD7F934" author="Jaderholm" box="[1069,1254,1663,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1905) Hydroiden aus antarktischen und subantarktischen Meeren, gesammelt von der schwedischen Sudpolarexpedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, 5 (8), 1 - 41, pls 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1905">Jäderholm 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Gonothecae in June (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072955FF972CE61EFF3EA3F910" author="Jaderholm" box="[216,402,1700,1725]" pageId="24" pageNumber="267" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1904) Mitteilungen ueber einige von der Schwedischen Antarctic-Expedition 1901 - 1903 eingesammelte Hydroiden. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, (4) 3 (Notes et revue 1), 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1904">Jäderholm 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |