397 lines
50 KiB
XML
397 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="8F70241FB14F5CE91B41B52FDEE76423" ID-CLB-Dataset="45962" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3790.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a3f2ca52-fa83-4bec-98c3-391738f008ad" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="226890" ID-ZooBank="BE6B199C-6E81-478A-8AC9-EB674B85FA35" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460410963997" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Peña Cantero, Álvaro L." docDate="2014" docId="3E6287E0294BFF872CA91AD43D81F901" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03790p280.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3790 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Halecium banzare Watson 2008" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="251" masterDocId="C25BFF98294DFF8F2C3E185B3F31FFAC" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Antarctic species of Halecium Oken, 1815 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Haleciidae)" masterLastPageNumber="280" masterPageNumber="243" pageNumber="249" updateTime="1698300467130" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1C66FDD6086725ACFF4FC054804286F6">Revision of the Antarctic species of Halecium Oken, 1815 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Haleciidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="53431094A0C201CB62E062B72E569FD9">Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0206EBDE03E3A0E7060D7F18E90F41CE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="53EF0FB3D01C65506DBE323A1017D388">
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<mods:date id="81A413CAC1BC471EB91DAB1F510C11A5">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5A4840BA3400B976E70DDD9A3BB48CFE">3790</mods:number>
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<treatment id="3E6287E0294BFF872CA91AD43D81F901" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3510666" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119423381" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3510666" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E6287E0294BFF872CA91AD43D81F901" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E6287E0294BFF872CA91AD43D81F901" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="251" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
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<subSubSection id="FED1657D294BFF892CA91AD43E10FD67" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B67436F6294BFF892CA91AD43D15FD06" blockId="6.[151,548,655,715]" box="[151,548,655,682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
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<heading id="ED3C819A294BFF892CA91AD43D15FD06" bold="true" box="[151,548,655,682]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75294BFF892CA91AD43D15FD06" ID-CoL="3JB35" authority="Watson, 2008" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,548,655,682]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
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<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892CA91AD43D15FD06" bold="true" box="[151,548,655,682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
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<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892CA91AD43E44FD05" bold="true" box="[151,373,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Halecium banzare</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07294BFF892D421ACB3D15FD06" author="Watson" box="[380,548,656,682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Hydroids of the BANZARE expeditions, 1929 - 1931: the family Haleciidae (Hydrozoa, Leptothecata) from the Australian Antarctic Territory. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 165 - 178." type="journal article" year="2008">Watson, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="B67436F6294BFF892CA91AE93E10FD67" blockId="6.[151,548,655,715]" box="[151,289,690,715]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73294BFF892CA11AE93FD1FD67" box="[159,224,690,715]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A–D)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="FED1657D294BFF892CA91AA13C4EFC27" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="B67436F6294BFF892CA91AA13D8AFCBC" blockId="6.[151,1436,762,907]" box="[151,699,762,784]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="96DB11D8294BFF892CA91AA13D8AFCBC" box="[151,699,762,784]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
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<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75294BFF892CA91AA13D25FCBC" ID-CoL="3JB35" authority="Watson, 2008: 167" authorityName="Watson" authorityPageNumber="167" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,532,762,784]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892CA91AA13E61FCBC" box="[151,336,762,784]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Halecium banzare</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="376A10E7294BFF892D681AA03D25FCBC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4630621" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4630621" author="Watson" box="[342,532,762,784]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D5126FFA4FFBF1B3DFDEB1FC2902A" page="167" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07294BFF892D681AA03ED5FCBC" author="Watson" box="[342,484,762,784]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Hydroids of the BANZARE expeditions, 1929 - 1931: the family Haleciidae (Hydrozoa, Leptothecata) from the Australian Antarctic Territory. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 165 - 178." type="journal article" year="2008">Watson, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 167
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–168, fig. 3A–F.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="B67436F6294BFF892CA91B423CA7FCE2" blockId="6.[151,1436,762,907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="96DB11D8294BFF892CA91B423CA7FCE2" bridged="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
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<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75294BFF892CA91B423FCBFC83" ID-CoL="7P55M" box="[151,250,793,815]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Halecium</taxonomicName>
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||
pallens—Broch, 1948: 4, 7–8, fig. 1;
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<treatmentCitation id="376A10E7294BFF892EBE1B413C4EFC83" author="Pena" box="[640,895,793,815]" page="769" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" year="2004">
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07294BFF892EBE1B413C7CFC83" author="Pena" box="[640,845,793,815]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2004) How rich is the deep-sea Antarctic benthic hydroid fauna? Polar Biology, 27, 767 - 774. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 004 - 0654 - 9" type="journal article" year="2004">Peña Cantero, 2004</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 769
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
; 2006: 935, fig. 3B; 2008: 455, fig. 1h, i; 2010: 766, fig.4; 2013: 128, fig. 3f;
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<treatmentCitation id="376A10E7294BFF892DFF1B623C18FCE2" author="Pena" box="[449,809,824,846]" page="85" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" year="2009">
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07294BFF892DFF1B623C35FCE2" author="Pena" box="[449,772,824,846]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. & Vervoort, W. (2009) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bransfield Strait area (Antarctica) collected by Brazilian expeditions, with the description of a new species. Polar Biology, 32, 83 - 92. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 008 - 0506 - 0" type="journal article" year="2009">Peña Cantero & Vervoort, 2009</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 85
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig.
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||
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||
, h.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B67436F6294BFF892CA91B0D3C1AFCC0" blockId="6.[151,1436,762,907]" box="[151,811,854,876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="96DB11D8294BFF892CA91B0D3C1AFCC0" box="[151,811,854,876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
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<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75294BFF892CA91B0D3E78FCC0" ID-CoL="3JB5Y" box="[151,329,854,876]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892CA91B0D3E78FCC0" box="[151,329,854,876]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Halecium pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="376A10E7294BFF892D5D1B0D3D7AFCC0" author="Stepanjants" box="[355,587,854,876]" page="105" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07294BFF892D5D1B0D3D28FCC0" author="Stepanjants" box="[355,537,854,876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" refString="Stepanjants, S. D. (1979) Hydroids of the antarctic and subantarctic waters. In: Biological results of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 6. Issledovaniya Fauny Morei, 20 (30), 1 - 200, pls 1 - 25. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1979">Stepanjants, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 105
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 20 fig. 2 (in part).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6294BFF892CA91B2E3C4EFC27" blockId="6.[151,1436,762,907]" box="[151,895,885,907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="96DB11D8294BFF892CA91B2E3C4EFC27" box="[151,895,885,907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75294BFF892C961B2E3E6BFC27" ID-CoL="3JB5Y" box="[168,346,885,907]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892C961B2E3E6BFC27" box="[168,346,885,907]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Halecium pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="376A10E7294BFF892D4A1B2E3DA8FC27" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3506893" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3506893" author="Galea" box="[372,665,885,907]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0382D51C9F4CFFEFFF5A26CFFCF66726" page="36" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" year="2012">
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<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07294BFF892D4A1B2E3D45FC27" author="Galea" box="[372,628,885,907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" refString="Galea, H. R. & Schories, D. (2012 a) Some hydrozoans (Cnidaria) from Central Chile and the Strait of Magellan. Zootaxa, 3296, 19 - 67." type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">Galea & Schories, 2012a</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 36
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 3A, B, fig. 3G–M.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FED1657D294BFF892CA91BEC3ED9FB0B" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B67436F6294BFF892CA91BEC3ED9FB0B" blockId="6.[151,1437,951,1982]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
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<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892CA91BEC3EB5FC7C" bold="true" box="[151,388,951,976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
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<typeStatus id="69708854294BFF892DB01BEC3EC8FC7C" box="[398,505,951,976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75294BFF892E391BE33D4EFC63" box="[519,639,952,975]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892E391BE33D4EFC63" box="[519,639,952,975]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">BANZARE</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892EB41BEC3DE7FC7C" bold="true" box="[650,726,951,976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Stn 41</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3FF5031294BFF892ED61BEC3C71FC7C" box="[744,832,951,976]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" precision="925" value="-65.8">65°48'S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="D3FF5031294BFF892F751BEC3C95FC7C" box="[843,932,951,976]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" precision="925" value="53.266666">53°16'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(Enderby Land),
|
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<quantity id="71339B13294BFF89284B1BE33BF3FC63" box="[1141,1218,952,976]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.09" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="m" value="209.0">209 m</quantity>
|
||
, three microslides:
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0DAAE33294BFF892CA91B863FE9FC58" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" box="[151,216,989,1012]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
F147450.1, one distal stem fragment, c.
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13294BFF892E981B873DC7FC58" box="[678,758,988,1012]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
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long;
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0DAAE33294BFF892F001B863C4EFC58" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" box="[830,895,989,1012]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">NMV</collectionCode>
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F147450.2, one distal stem fragment, c.
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13294BFF8929731B873AACFC58" box="[1357,1437,988,1012]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="24.0">24 mm</quantity>
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long;
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0DAAE33294BFF892CE71C5B3E2BFBBB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" box="[217,282,1024,1047]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
F147450.3, one distal stem fragment, c.
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13294BFF892ECD1BA43C75FBBB" box="[755,836,1023,1048]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892FB01BA43A6AFBB4" box="[910,1371,1023,1048]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
|
||
Spanish
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC7666294BFF892FCE1C5B3B66FBBB" box="[1008,1111,1024,1047]" name="Antarctica" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
|
||
Expedition Bentart 95
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.-
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF89294B1BA43FFAFB91" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Stn 3BC</emphasis>
|
||
, one stem, c.
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13294BFF892D581C7F3E85FB90" box="[358,436,1060,1084]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
|
||
high;
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892DC51C7F3D53FB91" bold="true" box="[507,610,1060,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Stn 6A-2</emphasis>
|
||
, one stem, c.
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13294BFF892EC21C7F3C68FB90" box="[764,857,1060,1084]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="190.0">190 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, with female gonothecae;
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF8928861C7F3A24FB91" bold="true" box="[1208,1301,1060,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Stn 10A</emphasis>
|
||
, two stems, up to
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13294BFF892CE81C133E15FBF3" box="[214,292,1096,1120]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, with female gonothecae;
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892EBD1C1C3DD1FBCC" bold="true" box="[643,736,1095,1120]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Stn 22R</emphasis>
|
||
, one stem, c.
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13294BFF892F471C133CF9FBF3" box="[889,968,1096,1120]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, on pebble;
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF8928B71C1C3BD7FBCC" bold="true" box="[1161,1254,1095,1120]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Stn 29A</emphasis>
|
||
, one stem, c.
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13294BFF8929BE1C133FF2FB28" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
|
||
high.
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892D361C373DD9FB29" box="[264,744,1132,1157]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
|
||
Spanish
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC7666294BFF892D561C373EFEFB2F" box="[360,463,1132,1155]" name="Antarctica" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
|
||
Expedition Bentart 2006
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.-
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892EC11C373CB2FB29" bold="true" box="[767,899,1132,1157]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Stn Low 46</emphasis>
|
||
, a large, strongly polysiphonic stem, c.
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13294BFF89297E1C373AADFB28" box="[1344,1436,1132,1157]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="135.0">135 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, basibiont of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75294BFF892D5D1CD43EF3FB04" box="[355,450,1167,1192]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Filellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892D5D1CD43EF3FB04" box="[355,450,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Filellum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FED1657D294BFF892CF91CEF3CC6FA64" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6294BFF892CF91CEF3CC6FA64" blockId="6.[151,1437,951,1982]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892CF91CEF3E70FB61" bold="true" box="[199,321,1204,1229]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Polysiphonic stems, up to
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13294BFF892E511CEF3DFDFB60" box="[623,716,1204,1228]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="190.0">190 mm</quantity>
|
||
high. Branching regular, stem giving rise alternately every third hydrotheca to paired branches forming two distinct, longitudinal series. Branches originating from hydrophore of primary hydrotheca. Hydrothecae alternately arranged in one plane. Hydrotheca at the end of long, free hydrophore close to internode and with thick perisarc development; sometimes with distinct pseudodiaphragm. Hydrothecal diameter barely increasing distally; rim very slightly everted. A single, if any, secondary hydrotheca.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC7666294BFF89295C1D1F3AADFAF1" box="[1378,1436,1348,1373]" name="Malta" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
gonoteca laterally flattened, maximum width by distal third. Female gonotheca
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75294BFF8928141D323B5CFA2C" box="[1066,1133,1385,1408]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pinnidae" genus="Pinna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pterioida" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF8928141D323B5CFA2C" box="[1066,1133,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Pinna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bivalve-shaped, abcauline and adcauline walls of similar length. Aperture extending the entire diameter from the widest part upwards. Cnidome consisting of microbasic mastigophores? and microbasic euryteles?
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FED1657D294BFF872CF91D8F3D64FE60" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="251" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6294BFF892CF91D8F3D23F9D1" blockId="6.[151,1437,951,1982]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294BFF892CF91D8F3D2BFA41" bold="true" box="[199,538,1492,1517]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
|
||
Description (
|
||
<typeStatus id="69708854294BFF892D5A1D8F3EA8FA41" box="[356,409,1492,1517]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
“Colonies originally
|
||
<quantity id="71339B13294BFF892F291D8F3C93FA40" box="[791,930,1492,1516]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="110.0" valueMax="140.0" valueMin="80.0">80–140 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, the tallest stem arising from a tufted hydrorhiza of thin, tangled, shining stolons. Stem thick, brittle, branched, heavily fascicled; polysiphonic tubes parallel, running almost to top of stem, along primary branches and along some secondary branches. Primary branches long, held out stiffly more or less in plane almost perpendicular to stem, succeeding branches in three or four orders” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B07294BFF892D131E3F3D34F9D1" author="Watson" box="[301,517,1636,1661]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Hydroids of the BANZARE expeditions, 1929 - 1931: the family Haleciidae (Hydrozoa, Leptothecata) from the Australian Antarctic Territory. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 165 - 178." type="journal article" year="2008">Watson, 2008: 167</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6294BFF892CF91ED33C8CF944" blockId="6.[151,1437,951,1982]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
|
||
Stem and branches divided into internodes by alternately arranged oblique nodes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73294BFF8928641EDC3BAAF90C" box="[1114,1179,1671,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). Stem internodes arranged in a straight pattern. Diameter of internodes much larger in stems than in branches (e.g. 240 vs 120 µm). Stems giving rise to paired branches, alternately every third hydrotheca.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6294BFF892CF91EAF3C68F812" blockId="6.[151,1437,951,1982]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
|
||
Hydrothecae alternately arranged in more or less one plane, placed at the end of long hydrophores; ratio between adcauline length of hydrophore and diameter at diaphragm 1.6–1.7. Hydrothecae surpassing distal node of internode for a considerable distance (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73294BFF892E5F1F603D98F8FF" box="[609,681,1851,1876]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). Hydrophores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73294BFF892F9A1F603CDAF8FF" box="[932,1003,1851,1876]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C) straight or with a slight basal abcauline convexity (more marked in cauline internodes). Hydrophores with thick perisarc development on both adcauline and abcauline sides, but much more marked on adcauline side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73294BFF892FDC1FDA3B17F836" box="[994,1062,1921,1946]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). Sometimes with a distinct pseudodiaphragm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A73294BFF892D531FFE3E9EF812" box="[365,431,1957,1982]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B), particularly in stem internodes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E2B4667E294AFF882CA91F2A3AB6F84F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" targetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F6294AFF882CA91F2A3AB6F84F" blockId="7.[151,1436,1905,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294AFF882CA91F2A3E27F82A" bold="true" box="[151,278,1905,1927]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75294AFF882D1F1F2A3D4BF82B" authority="Watson, 2008" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2008" box="[289,634,1905,1927]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294AFF882D1F1F2A3EEFF82B" box="[289,478,1905,1927]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Halecium banzare</emphasis>
|
||
Watson, 2008
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (A–C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D75294AFF882D2E1FCB3DB3F80A" authority="Jaderholm, 1904" authorityName="Jaderholm" authorityYear="1904" box="[272,642,1936,1958]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE4294AFF882D2E1FCB3EF6F80A" box="[272,455,1936,1958]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Halecium pallens</emphasis>
|
||
Jäderholm, 1904
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F–I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A–C, E–K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A–C, E–I), 500 µm (D, J–K).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF918CC3D67FF5B" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
Hydrotheca low (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A732945FF872DB018CC3EE0FF1C" box="[398,465,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C), height sometimes slightly larger at abcauline side. Diameter barely increasing from diaphragm to rim (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A732945FF872D9218E03EDCFF78" box="[428,493,187,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C), particularly at adcauline side. Rim very slightly everted. Usually a single, if any, secondary hydrotheca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A732945FF872DEE18853D20FF5B" box="[464,529,222,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B–C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF919593D4AFE05" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
Gonothecae absent in the material examined. “Gonothecae of both sexes inverted conical, compressed, borne prolifically on younger branches, inserted without distinct pedicel in wall of hydrophore or lower down on internode; male gonotheca with a minute apical peak (visible only in side view), female similar in shape to male, gonophore containing large scattered ova; gonophores of both sexes with an apical pad of tissue. No visible aperture in either sex” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072945FF872DA319CB3D5FFE05" author="Watson" box="[413,622,400,425]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Hydroids of the BANZARE expeditions, 1929 - 1931: the family Haleciidae (Hydrozoa, Leptothecata) from the Australian Antarctic Territory. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 165 - 178." type="journal article" year="2008">Watson 2008: 167</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF919EF3D64FE60" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" box="[199,597,435,460]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">No nematocysts could be observed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FED1657D2945FF872CF9198C3D98FDBF" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF9198C3D98FDBF" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872CF9198C3EEFFE5C" bold="true" box="[199,478,471,496]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Measurements (in µm).</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872DD8198C3D44FE5C" box="[486,629,471,496]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Hydrothecae</emphasis>
|
||
: diameter at aperture 135–160, diameter at diaphragm 115–135, height 40–50.
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872CD519A13E43FDBF" box="[235,370,506,531]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Hydrophore</emphasis>
|
||
: adcauline length 185–220.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FED1657D2945FF872CF91A463E52FB81" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF91A463B21FD0D" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872CF91A463D07FD9A" bold="true" box="[199,566,541,566]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
Description (
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872D5C1A453E88FD99" bold="true" box="[354,441,542,565]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Bentart</emphasis>
|
||
material).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Stems up to
|
||
<quantity id="71339B132945FF872EF71A453C16FD9A" box="[713,807,542,566]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="190.0">190 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, strongly polysiphonic over their whole extension. Hydrorhiza filiform, strongly developed. Stems giving rise alternately to paired branches. Branching pattern giving colonies a regular structure: with two distinct series of paired branches, approximately arranged in one plane, in the polysiphonic part. Stem divided into internodes by slight perisarc constrictions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF91AF73C3CFD44" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Hydrothecae alternately arranged in one plane, resting on long hydrophores close to internodes. Hydrotheca extending over next internode for considerable distance.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF91AAF3A27FCD4" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
Primary paired branches originating from hydrophore of stem hydrothecae, each on one side. Main paired branches approximately of same length. However, some much more developed (up to
|
||
<quantity id="71339B132945FF87285F1B433B80FC9C" box="[1121,1201,792,816]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
long in some cases), becoming polysiphonic to a variable extension and giving rise in turn up to five secondary branches. These unpaired, only one branch arising from hydrothecal hydrophores. Up to third-order branches observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF91BDF3BD4FC6C" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
Female gonothecae bivalve-shaped (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072945FF872EAA1BDE3C4DFC30" author="Pena" box="[660,892,900,924]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2008) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Spanish Antarctic expedition Bentart 95. Polar Biology, 31, 451 - 464. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 007 - 0371 - 2" type="journal article" year="2008">Peña Cantero, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig.
|
||
<date id="C27510362945FF872F851BDF3CE0FC31" box="[955,977,900,925]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">1i</date>
|
||
), c. 620 µm high and 450 µm wide in frontal view. Aperture extending the entire diameter in frontal view, from the widest part upwards.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF91B973E52FB81" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662945FF872CF91B973E30FC49" box="[199,257,972,997]" name="Malta" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
gonotheca laterally flattened, c. 1180 µm high and 870 µm wide in frontal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EF02A732945FF87288B1B973BC8FC48" box="[1205,1273,972,997]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[182,1381,191,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,169,1908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halecium banzare Watson, 2008. (A – C) internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (D) male gonotheca. Halecium pallens Jäderholm, 1904. (E) cauline internode showing basal part of paired branches and axillary hydrotheca; (F – I), internodes showing primary and lower-order hydrothecae; (J) female gonotheca (frontal view); (K) female gonotheca (lateral view). (A – C, E – K from holotypes; D from Stn Low 46). Scale bar: 250 µm (A – C, E – I), 500 µm (D, J – K)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226893/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Maximum width by distal third, decreasing both distally, to form a rounded part, and basally, forming a sort of basal, triangular pedicel.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FED1657D2945FF872CF91C6C3A78FB34" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF91C6C3A78FB34" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872CF91C6C3E47FBFC" bold="true" box="[199,374,1079,1104]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
(Stn Low 46 - in µm).
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872E451C6C3DD1FBFC" box="[635,736,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Cnidome</emphasis>
|
||
: microbasic euryteles?, with rounded ends [range
|
||
<date id="C27510362945FF8729291C623A0BFBFC" box="[1303,1338,1081,1104]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">7 x</date>
|
||
2.5–3.5, mean 7.0±0.0 x 3.0±0.2 (n=10); ratio, range 2.0–2.8, mean 2.4±0.2 (n=10)], and microbasic mastigophores?, with sharp ends [range 6.5–7
|
||
<date id="C27510362945FF872D971CDA3EFDFB34" box="[425,460,1151,1176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">x 2</date>
|
||
–2.5, mean 6.8±0.2 x 2.3±0.2 (n=3); ratio, range 2.8–3.3, mean 3.0±0.2 (n= 3)].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FED1657D2945FF872CF91CFF3E0EF9B3" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF91CFF3A46FB4C" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872CF91CFF3E0AFB11" bold="true" box="[199,315,1188,1213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Although the
|
||
<typeStatus id="697088542945FF872DE21CFE3D3DFB11" box="[476,524,1189,1213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material examined is in microslides, it is possible to observe clearly a few paired branches, alternate every third hydrotheca (especially visible in 147450.3), feature not noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072945FF8728F51C933A42FB4C" author="Watson" box="[1227,1395,1224,1248]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Hydroids of the BANZARE expeditions, 1929 - 1931: the family Haleciidae (Hydrozoa, Leptothecata) from the Australian Antarctic Territory. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 165 - 178." type="journal article" year="2008">Watson (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF91CB03EC2FAE5" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752945FF872CF91CB03EA4FAA8" box="[199,405,1259,1284]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872CF91CB03EA4FAA8" box="[199,405,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Halecium banzare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752945FF872E131CB73D93FAA8" box="[557,674,1259,1284]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872E131CB73D93FAA8" box="[557,674,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below for a description of that species and a discussion about their differences and similarities). I believe that all
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662945FF872EDE1D553C79FA8B" box="[736,840,1294,1319]" name="Antarctica" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
|
||
material previously assigned to Jäderholm’s species actually belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752945FF872D4F1D683EDCFAE6" box="[369,493,1329,1354]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872D4F1D683EDCFAE6" box="[369,493,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">H. banzare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF91D0D3D72FA19" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662945FF872CF91D0D3FD7FAC2" box="[199,230,1366,1390]" name="American Samoa" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
indicated above, Stepanjants’ (1979) material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752945FF872F0E1D0D3C99FAC2" box="[816,936,1365,1390]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872F0E1D0D3C99FAC2" box="[816,936,1365,1390]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot be taken into account because she considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752945FF872D261D213EF0FA3D" box="[280,449,1402,1425]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="antarcticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872D261D213EF0FA3D" box="[280,449,1402,1425]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">H. antarcticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752945FF872DC41D213D5FFA3D" box="[506,622,1400,1425]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872DC41D213D5FFA3D" box="[506,622,1400,1425]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">H. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
conspecific. Consequently, it is necessary to re-examine her material to determine to which species it belongs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF91DE43E0EF9B3" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872CF91DE43EC8FA74" bold="true" box="[199,505,1471,1496]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752945FF872E3C1DE43DE1FA74" box="[514,720,1471,1496]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872E3C1DE43DE1FA74" box="[514,720,1471,1496]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Halecium banzare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been collected at depths from 200 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072945FF8728A21DE43A15FA74" author="Broch" box="[1180,1316,1471,1496]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" refString="Broch, H. (1948) Antarctic Hydroids. Scientific Results of the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition 1927 - 1928, et sqq., 28, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1948">Broch 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) to
|
||
<quantity id="71339B132945FF87296D1DE43AADFA74" box="[1363,1436,1471,1496]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.029999999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" unit="m" value="603.0">603 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072945FF872CA01DB83E0AFA57" author="Watson" box="[158,315,1507,1531]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Hydroids of the BANZARE expeditions, 1929 - 1931: the family Haleciidae (Hydrozoa, Leptothecata) from the Australian Antarctic Territory. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 165 - 178." type="journal article" year="2008">Watson 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Epibiotic on ascidians (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072945FF872E5F1DB83C70FA57" author="Pena" box="[609,833,1507,1531]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2010) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Peter I Island (Southern Ocean, Antarctica). Polar Biology, 33 (6), 761 - 773. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 009 - 0754 - 7" type="journal article" year="2010">Peña Cantero 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and basibiont for colonies of other hydroids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072945FF87295A1DB83E02F9B3" author="Pena" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2010) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Peter I Island (Southern Ocean, Antarctica). Polar Biology, 33 (6), 761 - 773. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 009 - 0754 - 7" type="journal article" year="2010">Peña Cantero 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FED1657D2945FF872CF91E713D81F901" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="B67436F62945FF872CF91E713D81F901" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71CB4D752945FF872CF91E713EA9F9EF" ID-CoL="3JB35" box="[199,408,1578,1603]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="banzare">
|
||
<emphasis id="84BFEAE42945FF872CF91E713EA9F9EF" box="[199,408,1578,1603]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Halecium banzare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a circum-Antarctic distribution, being known from off Enderby Land and Mawson Coast (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072945FF872CD91E153EB0F9CA" author="Watson" box="[231,385,1614,1638]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Hydroids of the BANZARE expeditions, 1929 - 1931: the family Haleciidae (Hydrozoa, Leptothecata) from the Australian Antarctic Territory. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 165 - 178." type="journal article" year="2008">Watson 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and the Davis and Cosmonauts seas (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072945FF872F011E163B37F9CA" author="Stepanjants" box="[831,1030,1613,1638]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" refString="Stepanjants, S. D. (1979) Hydroids of the antarctic and subantarctic waters. In: Biological results of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 6. Issledovaniya Fauny Morei, 20 (30), 1 - 200, pls 1 - 25. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1979">Stepanjants 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), in East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662945FF87284C1E163BDBF9CA" box="[1138,1258,1613,1638]" name="Antarctica" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and off Peter I
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662945FF872CA91E2A3FEAF926" box="[151,219,1649,1674]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072945FF872CD31E2A3E49F925" author="Broch" box="[237,376,1649,1674]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" refString="Broch, H. (1948) Antarctic Hydroids. Scientific Results of the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition 1927 - 1928, et sqq., 28, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1948">Broch 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D25A4B072945FF872DB91E293D56F925" author="Pena" box="[391,615,1649,1673]" pageId="8" pageNumber="251" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2010) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Peter I Island (Southern Ocean, Antarctica). Polar Biology, 33 (6), 761 - 773. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 009 - 0754 - 7" type="journal article" year="2010">Peña Cantero 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662945FF872EC81E2A3C80F926" box="[758,945,1649,1674]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Shetland Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
area (Peña Cantero 2006, 2008) and Low
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662945FF872CA91ECF3FEAF901" box="[151,219,1684,1709]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Peña Cantero 2013), in West
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CEDC76662945FF872E0D1ECF3D9DF901" box="[563,684,1684,1709]" name="Antarctica" pageId="8" pageNumber="251">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |