230 lines
17 KiB
XML
230 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225254" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-97-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1239255" ModsDocID="1314-2003-97-1" checkinTime="1524638383340" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Johnson, David M. & Murray, Nancy A." docDate="2018" docId="3A0AF83A09B35901ABB71DEB8423DF30" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 97: 1-252" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 97" docPubDate="2018-04-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" docTitle="Xylopia torrei N. Robson, Bol. Soc. Brot., Sér. 2, 32: 157 – 158. 1958." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" lastPageId="113" lastPageNumber="114" masterDocId="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" masterDocTitle="A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa" masterLastPageNumber="252" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" updateTime="1643467003316" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Johnson, David M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Murray, Nancy A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">namurray@owu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-04-24</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>97</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>252</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-97-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1239255</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225254" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A0AF83A09B35901ABB71DEB8423DF30" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3A0AF83A09B35901ABB71DEB8423DF30" lastPageId="113" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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<subSubSection pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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23.
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<taxonomicName LSID="3A0AF83A-09B3-5901-ABB7-1DEB8423DF30" authority="N. Robson, Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 32: 157 - 158. 1958." authorityName="N. Robson, Bol. Soc. Brot., Sér. 2, 32: 157 – 158. 1958." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia torrei" order="Magnoliales" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="torrei">
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Xylopia torrei N. Robson, Bol. Soc. Brot.,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sér">Ser</normalizedToken>
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. 2, 32: 157-158. 1958.
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Xylopia gracilipes and X. torrei. A-L X. gracilipes A Flower, side view B Base of outer petal, adaxial view C Base of inner petal, adaxial view D Flower, side view E Outer staminode, abaxial view F Fertile stamen, abaxial view G Habit H Fruit, side view I Leaf from same specimen as G J Close-up of twig pubescence K Seed, view of micropylar end L Seed, side view M-T X. torrei M Flower, side view N Base of outer petal, adaxial view O Base of inner petal, adaxial view P Habit Q Outer staminode, abaxial view R Fertile stamen, abaxial view S Close-up of twig pubescence T Fruit, side view. A-C, E-J from Torre & Correia 16681 (WAG) D from Renny 253 (PRE) K, L from Fidalgo de Carvalho 685 (MO) M-T from Goyder 5037 (K). Figure originally published in Burrows et al. (2018), reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199110" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Fig. 25M-T</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1940-12-11" collectorName="A. R. Torre" country="MOZAMBIQUE" location="Chibuto" municipality="Province" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gaza" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Mozambique">MOZAMBIQUE</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Gaza">Gaza</collectingRegion>
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["Sul do Save"]
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<collectingMunicipality>Province</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A0AF83A09B35901ABB71DEB8423DF30:0A2404BE83A838217087900F886C0DA9" country="MOZAMBIQUE" municipality="Province" name="Chibuto" stateProvince="Gaza">Chibuto</location>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1940-12-11">11 Dec 1940</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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<collectorName>A. R. Torre</collectorName>
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2350
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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: LISC! [000361]; isotypes: K! [000199051], LMA-photo!)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Shrub</emphasis>
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2-3 m tall with spreading branches.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Twigs</emphasis>
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brown to reddish brown, sparsely pubescent, the hairs 0.4-0.6 mm long, becoming light brown to light gray, glabrate, with the bark exfoliating; nodes occasionally with two axillary branches.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Leaf</emphasis>
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with larger blades 3.8-5.5 cm long, 1.8-2.5 cm wide, chartaceous, concolorous, elliptic, apex obtuse or rounded, rarely emarginate, base broadly cuneate to rounded, glabrous or with a few scattered hairs adaxially, sparsely pubescent abaxially; midrib plane adaxially, raised abaxially, secondary veins weakly brochidodromous, 7-9 per side, diverging at 50-60° from the midrib, these and higher-order veins slightly raised on both surfaces; petiole 3-3.5 mm long, shallowly canaliculate, pubescent.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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axillary, 1-3-flowered, pubescent; pedicels arising separately from axil, 4.0-5.4 mm long, 0.5-0.9 mm thick; bracts 2, both attached near pedicel midpoint, caducous, 0.9-1.3 mm long, semicircular to ovate, apex obtuse to rounded; buds linear, apex acute. Sepals spreading at anthesis, 1/4-1/2-connate, 1.8-2.2 mm long, 2.1-2.3 mm wide, chartaceous to coriaceous, broadly ovate to semicircular, apex acute to apiculate, pubescent abaxially.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Petals</emphasis>
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yellow-green
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">in vivo</emphasis>
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; outer petals loosely spreading at anthesis, 20-30.4 mm long, 2.6-3.1 mm wide at base, 1.2-1.7 mm wide at midpoint, chartaceous, linear, apex acute to obtuse, densely puberulent except for glabrous base adaxially, appressed-pubescent abaxially, faintly ridged or flat abaxially; inner petals curved outward to weakly geniculate at anthesis, 23-28 mm long, 2.0-2.2 mm wide at base, 0.6-0.7 mm wide at midpoint, chartaceous, linear-filiform, apex acute, base with undifferentiated margins, longitudinally ridged on both surfaces, densely puberulent except for glabrous base adaxially, densely puberulent abaxially.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Stamens</emphasis>
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ca. 100; fertile stamens 1.1-1.2 mm long, narrowly oblong, apex of anther connective red
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">in vivo</emphasis>
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, shieldlike, overhanging anther thecae, anthers 9-10-locellate, filament 0.3-0.4 mm long; outer staminodes 1.1-1.3 mm long, clavate to broadly clavate, apex rounded to truncate; inner staminodes ca. 1.0 mm long, oblong-clavate, apex truncate; staminal cone ca. 1.4 mm in diameter, ca. 0.9 mm high, concealing only the bases of the ovaries, rim laciniate.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Carpels</emphasis>
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ca. 7; ovaries 0.8-0.9 mm long, ovoid to oblong, pubescent; stigmas connivent, ca. 2.7 mm long, linear, glabrous except for an apical tuft of hairs.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Torus</emphasis>
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flat, 1.6-2.2 mm in diameter.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Fruit</emphasis>
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of up to 8 glabrate monocarps borne on a pedicel ca. 6.5 mm long, ca. 3.9 mm thick, glabrate; torus of fruit ca. 6.7 mm in diameter, ca. 6.3 mm high, depressed-globose.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Monocarps</emphasis>
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green with a light green endocarp
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">in vivo</emphasis>
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, 2.8-3.1 cm long, 1.0-1.1 cm wide, ca. 0.9 cm thick, oblong, irregularly torulose, apex truncate with an oblique beak 0.5-1 mm long, base contracted into a stipe 4.5-6 mm long, 1.8-2.7 mm thick, obliquely wrinkled, minutely verrucose; pericarp 0.2-0.5 mm thick.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Seeds</emphasis>
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up to 4 per monocarp, in a single row, lying oblique to long axis, 10.5-11.5 mm long, ca. 7.5 mm wide, 6.1-6.7 mm thick, ellipsoid, flattened-elliptic in cross-section, obliquely truncate at micropylar end, rounded at chalazal end, brown, smooth, shiny, raphe/antiraphe not evident, micropylar scar 1.7-2.4 mm long, 1.1-1.4 mm wide, ovate to elliptic; sarcotesta red
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">in vivo</emphasis>
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; aril absent.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Specimens with flowers have been collected in February and December, and with fruits in December.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Distributions of Xylopia shirensis, X. odoratissima, X. holtzii, X. gracilipes, X. nilotica, and X. torrei. Bolder lines represent country borders, fainter lines lakes and major rivers." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199111" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">26</figureCitation>
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). Endemic to southern Mozambique, on sandy sites near the coast at elevations from sea level up to 60 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="113" pageNumber="114" start="start">Additional</pageBreakToken>
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specimens examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1942-02-11" country="MOZAMBIQUE" location="Chibuto" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gaza">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<collectingCountry name="Mozambique">MOZAMBIQUE</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Gaza">Gaza</collectingRegion>
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["Sul do Save"]:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A0AF83A09B35901ABB71DEB8423DF30:A2AB3EDC480AD8BD2D07BF71FB704C91" country="MOZAMBIQUE" name="Chibuto" stateProvince="Gaza">Chibuto</location>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1942-02-11">11 Feb 1942</collectingDate>
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(fl),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Torre 3944</emphasis>
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(LMA-2 sheets, photos)
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</materialsCitation>
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.-
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1955-02-25" country="Mozambique" location="Panda" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Inhambane">
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<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Inhambane">Inhambane</collectingRegion>
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["Sul do Save"]:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A0AF83A09B35901ABB71DEB8423DF30:848D3BCD0D4F85BE3D81C5548F85F9CA" country="Mozambique" name="Panda" stateProvince="Inhambane">Panda</location>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1955-02-25">25 Feb 1955</collectingDate>
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(fl),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Exell et al. 598</emphasis>
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(BM)
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</materialsCitation>
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.-
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2001-12-08" collectingDateMax="2002-12-05" collectingDateMin="2001-12-08" country="Mozambique" elevation="60" latitude="-25.433332" location="Licuati Forest Reserve" longLatPrecision="1246" longitude="32.5" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maputo">
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<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Maputo">Maputo</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A0AF83A09B35901ABB71DEB8423DF30:04F497F7273E95B491B148216C942E48" country="Mozambique" latitude="-25.433332" longLatPrecision="1246" longitude="32.5" name="Licuati Forest Reserve" stateProvince="Maputo">Licuati Forest Reserve</location>
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ca.
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<locationDeviation location="Bela Vista">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
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W of Bela Vista
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</locationDeviation>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="20.667" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-26.34445">26°20.667'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="28.387" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="32.473118">32°28.387'E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="60.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2001-12-08">8 Dec 2001</collectingDate>
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(fl, fr),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Goyder et al. 5037</emphasis>
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(K); Licuati, sand forest,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-25.433332">25°26'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="32.5">32°30'E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="60.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2002-12-05">5 Dec 2002</collectingDate>
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(fr),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lötter">Loetter</normalizedToken>
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s. n.
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</emphasis>
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(LYD-photo)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia torrei" order="Magnoliales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="torrei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Xylopia torrei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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superficially resembles
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<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. odoratissima" order="Magnoliales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" rank="species" species="odoratissima">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">X. odoratissima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in its small leaves, long petals, and shrub habit. It may be distinguished by the straighter and sparser hairs of the twigs, the smaller sepals, and the outer petals narrower at the base. The tendency for exfoliation of the bark on the twigs may also be diagnostic. The species is only known from a small area in the southernmost part of
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<collectingCountry name="Mozambique">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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, where it appears to be restricted to coastal sand forest at low elevations, and has the southernmost distribution of any African
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Xylopia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, remote from the distribution of any other species. We calculated for it an EOO of
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<quantity metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.053" unit="km" value="7053.0">7,053 km</quantity>
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2 and an AOO of
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
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2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |