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<document id="87574B6D03F675731D7584DB1F110B57" ID-CLB-Dataset="29979" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4426.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cdd567ed-ebd8-4801-a6a4-af6c9fb964fd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1271239" ID-ZooBank="18929E20-5296-4458-8A8A-4F5316A290FD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1528147699440" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M. &amp; De, Nicole J." docDate="2018" docId="386CC616DC56A517FF678A28FB25FA94" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4426.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4426 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Clathrina sinusarabica Klautau &amp; Valentine 2003" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="C455BE6EDC72A531FFF0880AFFCEFF99" masterDocTitle="Calcareous sponges of the Western Indian Ocean and Red Sea" masterLastPageNumber="160" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1698547079698" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="89483DA3959F1C88D8635E7800D69015">Calcareous sponges of the Western Indian Ocean and Red Sea</mods:title>
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<treatment id="386CC616DC56A517FF678A28FB25FA94" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5966700" ID-GBIF-Taxon="144239506" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5966700" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:386CC616DC56A517FF678A28FB25FA94" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/386CC616DC56A517FF678A28FB25FA94" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC56A515FF678A28FE46FDC7" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC56A515FF678A28FCCCFDA5" blockId="36.[151,770,546,606]" box="[151,770,546,572]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="EB32C06CDC56A515FF678A28FCCCFDA5" bold="true" box="[151,770,546,572]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC56A515FF678A28FCCCFDA5" ID-CoL="VSWJ" authority="Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003" authorityName="Klautau &amp; Valentine" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,770,546,572]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sinusarabica">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC56A515FF678A28FCCCFDA5" bold="true" box="[151,770,546,572]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC56A515FF678A28FE61FDA5" bold="true" box="[151,431,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Clathrina sinusarabica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC56A515FE458A28FCCCFDA5" box="[437,770,546,572]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref67261" refString="Klautau, M. &amp; Valentine, C. (2003). Revision of the genus Clathrina (Porifera, Calcarea). Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 139 (1), 1 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 0024 - 4082.2003.00063. x" type="journal article">Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="B07A7700DC56A515FF678A4FFE46FDC7" blockId="36.[151,770,546,606]" box="[151,392,581,606]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC56A515FF678A4FFEF7FDC7" box="[151,313,581,606]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,249,1791,1813]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,758,1769]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,758,1769]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Clathrina sinusarabica Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003, a, RMNH Por. 10003, from the Saudi Arabian Red Sea, Jeddah (field nr. JED210), in situ on the reefs of Jeddah, a1, detailed view of water collecting tubes of the same (photos N.J. de Voogd), b, ZMA Por. 13414, at Aqaba, in situ on Schuhmacher’s Pinnacle, c, ZMA Por. 13476, at Aqaba’s container port (photos M. Wunsch)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271297/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figures 14a–d</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC56A515FEB48A4FFE46FDC7" box="[324,392,581,606]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="37.[151,249,1932,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[151,1436,409,1910]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 15. Clathrina sinusarabica Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003, a, light microscopic view of part of the cormus and tubuli of RMNH Por. 10003 from Jeddah, b–d, SEM images of spicules, b, of Jeddah specimen RMNH Por. 10003, c, of Aqaba specimen ZMA Por. 13414, d, of Aqaba specimen ZMA Por. 13476." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271301/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">15a–d</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC56A514FF678A87FACFFF4D" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC56A515FF678A87FD2CFD3A" blockId="36.[151,1074,653,706]" box="[151,738,653,675]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="90D5502EDC56A515FF678A87FD2CFD3A" box="[151,738,653,675]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC56A515FF678A87FE96FD3A" ID-CoL="5YXPQ" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[151,344,653,675]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coriacea">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC56A515FF678A87FE96FD3A" box="[151,344,653,675]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Clathrina coriacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="31645111DC56A515FE958A84FDCFFD3A" author="" box="[357,513,653,675]" page="184" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC56A515FE958A84FE1CFD3A" box="[357,466,653,675]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref68400" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1909) Reports on the marine biology of the Sudanese Red Sea. XIII. Report on the Sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part I. Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society. Zoology, 31 (206), 182 - 214. Available from: https: // academic. oup. com / zoolinnean / article / 31 / 206 / 182 / 2682838 (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="journal article">Row 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 184
</treatmentCitation>
(not:
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC56A515FDCE8A84FD19FD3A" box="[574,727,653,675]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref68025" refString="Montagu, G. (1814) An Essay on Sponges, with Descriptions of all the Species that have been discovered on the Coast of Great Britain. Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society, 2 (1), 67 - 122. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 165543 # page / 101 / mode / 1 up (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="journal article">Montagu 1814</bibRefCitation>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC56A514FF678AA6FACFFF4D" blockId="36.[151,1074,653,706]" lastBlockId="37.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="90D5502EDC56A514FF678AA6FACFFF4D" infered="true" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC56A515FF678AA6FD0FFD5B" ID-CoL="VSWJ" authority="Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003: 45" authorityName="Klautau &amp; Valentine" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,705,684,706]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sinusarabica">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC56A515FF678AA6FE4DFD5B" box="[151,387,684,706]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Clathrina sinusarabica</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="31645111DC56A515FE798AA6FD0FFD5B" author="" box="[393,705,684,706]" page="45" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC56A515FE798AA6FD55FD5B" box="[393,667,684,706]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref67261" refString="Klautau, M. &amp; Valentine, C. (2003). Revision of the genus Clathrina (Porifera, Calcarea). Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 139 (1), 1 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 0024 - 4082.2003.00063. x" type="journal article">Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 45
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 37;
<treatmentCitation id="31645111DC56A515FCEB8AA6FC25FD5B" author="" box="[795,1003,684,706]" page="12" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC56A515FCEB8AA6FC09FD5B" box="[795,967,684,706]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref70183" refString="Voigt, O., Erpenbeck, D., Gonzalez-Pech, R. A., Al-Aidaroos, A. M., Berumen, M. L. &amp; Worheide, G. (2017) Calcinea of the Red Sea: providing a DNA barcode inventory with description of four new species. Marine Biodiversity, 47 (4), 1009 - 1034. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 017 - 0671 - x" type="journal article">
Voigt
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC56A515FCA78AA7FC45FD5B" box="[855,907,684,706]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
: 12
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 7.
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC56A515FF678F92FE4CF828" bold="true" box="[151,386,1944,1969]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Material examined.</emphasis>
RMNH Por. 10003, Saudi Arabia, Jeddah, near Thuwal, Tahlah, 22.25725°N 38.880917°E, scuba, coll. N.J. de Voogd, field nr. THU14/JED 210,
<date id="C47B51C0DC56A515FD028FB7FC03F84C" box="[754,973,1980,2005]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2014-11-13">13 November 2014</date>
; ZMA Por. 13414, Israel, Schuhmacher’s Pinnacle, Gulf of Aqaba, depth
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC57A514FE0A889DFDE9FF36" box="[506,551,151,176]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</quantity>
, scuba, coll. M. Wunsch, field nr. AQ11,
<date id="C47B51C0DC57A514FC098892FBB1FF29" box="[1017,1151,151,176]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1998-07-01">1 July 1998</date>
; ZMA Por. 13476, Israel, pillar container port, Gulf of Aqaba, depth
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC57A514FD8888B6FD6BFF4D" box="[632,677,188,213]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
, scuba, coll. M. Wunsch, field nr. AQ61,
<date id="C47B51C0DC57A514FB8788B6FB32FF4D" box="[1143,1276,188,213]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1998-07-05">5 July 1998</date>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E4BA2788DC56A515FF678EF5FEA0F8E8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271297/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" startId="36.[151,249,1791,1813]" targetBox="[151,1436,758,1769]" targetPageId="36">
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC56A515FF678EF5FEA0F8E8" blockId="36.[151,1436,1791,1905]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC56A515FF678EF5FEECF88D" bold="true" box="[151,290,1791,1813]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC56A515FEDB8EF5FCF1F88C" authority="Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003" authorityName="Klautau &amp; Valentine" authorityYear="2003" box="[299,831,1791,1813]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sinusarabica">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC56A515FEDB8EF5FDD4F88C" box="[299,538,1791,1813]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Clathrina sinusarabica</emphasis>
Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003
</taxonomicName>
, a, RMNH Por. 10003, from the Saudi Arabian Red Sea, Jeddah (field nr. JED210), in situ on the reefs of Jeddah, a1, detailed view of water collecting tubes of the same (photos N.J. de Voogd), b, ZMA Por. 13414, at Aqaba, in situ on Schuhmacher’s Pinnacle, c, ZMA Por. 13476, at Aqaba’s container port (photos M. Wunsch).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC57A517FF3788D5FCDEFE49" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC57A514FF3788D5FBE6FEFC" blockId="37.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC57A514FF3788D5FE97FF61" bold="true" box="[199,345,223,248]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Description.</emphasis>
Cushion of loosely anastomosed semi-transparent white tubuli (
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC57A514FBA588D5FB19FF61" box="[1109,1239,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,249,1791,1813]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,758,1769]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,758,1769]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Clathrina sinusarabica Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003, a, RMNH Por. 10003, from the Saudi Arabian Red Sea, Jeddah (field nr. JED210), in situ on the reefs of Jeddah, a1, detailed view of water collecting tubes of the same (photos N.J. de Voogd), b, ZMA Por. 13414, at Aqaba, in situ on Schuhmacher’s Pinnacle, c, ZMA Por. 13476, at Aqaba’s container port (photos M. Wunsch)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271297/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 14a–c</figureCitation>
) of
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diameter. Water collecting tubes (
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC57A514FDFC890EFDA2FE85" box="[524,620,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,249,1791,1813]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,758,1769]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,758,1769]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Clathrina sinusarabica Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003, a, RMNH Por. 10003, from the Saudi Arabian Red Sea, Jeddah (field nr. JED210), in situ on the reefs of Jeddah, a1, detailed view of water collecting tubes of the same (photos N.J. de Voogd), b, ZMA Por. 13414, at Aqaba, in situ on Schuhmacher’s Pinnacle, c, ZMA Por. 13476, at Aqaba’s container port (photos M. Wunsch)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271297/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 14a</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC57A514FD9C890EFDB8FE85" box="[620,630,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1813,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,268,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,265,1791]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Marine Ecoregions in the Western Indian Ocean with localities (numbered blue squares) from where the studied calcareous sponges were obtained. 1, Israelian Red Sea, Gulf of Aqaba, 2, Saudi Arabian Red Sea, off Jeddah, 3, Eritrean Red Sea, Dahlak Archipelago, 4, Oman, Gulf of Arabia, 5, Maldives, 6, India, Lakshadweep, 7, Seychelles, Mahé region, 8, Seychelles, Amirantes, 9, Mayotte, 10, Mozambique Channel, 11, Mauritius, 12, Rodrigues, 13, South Africa, Kwazulu Natal, 14. South Africa, Port Elizabeth, 15. Nosy Be, Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271247/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">1</figureCitation>
) are common at the upper and lateral sides, but are less prominent in the Aqaba specimens (
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC57A514FE9B892DFE23FED9" box="[363,493,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,249,1791,1813]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,758,1769]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,758,1769]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Clathrina sinusarabica Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003, a, RMNH Por. 10003, from the Saudi Arabian Red Sea, Jeddah (field nr. JED210), in situ on the reefs of Jeddah, a1, detailed view of water collecting tubes of the same (photos N.J. de Voogd), b, ZMA Por. 13414, at Aqaba, in situ on Schuhmacher’s Pinnacle, c, ZMA Por. 13476, at Aqaba’s container port (photos M. Wunsch)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271297/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 14b–c</figureCitation>
). Preserved material is now fragmented and has pinkish color in alcohol. Size of the entire Jeddah specimen is 5
<date id="C47B51C0DC57A514FE228947FDD1FEFD" box="[466,543,332,356]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
x 3 x
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC57A514FDE18946FDD1FEFD" box="[529,543,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="cm" value="2.0">2</quantity>
</date>
cm, the Aqaba specimens are slightly smaller.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E4BA2788DC57A514FF678F86FC82F87D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271301/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" startId="37.[151,249,1932,1954]" targetBox="[151,1436,409,1910]" targetPageId="37">
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC57A514FF678F86FC82F87D" blockId="37.[151,1436,1932,2020]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC57A514FF678F86FED1F838" bold="true" box="[151,287,1932,1954]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC57A514FED68F86FCE5F83B" authority="Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003" authorityName="Klautau &amp; Valentine" authorityYear="2003" box="[294,811,1932,1954]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sinusarabica">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC57A514FED68F86FDDCF83B" box="[294,530,1932,1954]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Clathrina sinusarabica</emphasis>
Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003
</taxonomicName>
, a, light microscopic view of part of the cormus and tubuli of RMNH Por. 10003 from Jeddah, b–d, SEM images of spicules, b, of Jeddah specimen RMNH Por. 10003, c, of Aqaba specimen ZMA Por. 13414, d, of Aqaba specimen ZMA Por. 13476.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF37889DFDEBFF29" blockId="38.[151,1436,151,320]" box="[199,549,151,176]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FF37889DFE65FF29" bold="true" box="[199,427,151,176]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aquiferous system.</emphasis>
Asconoid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF3788B6FC0AFF4C" blockId="38.[151,1436,151,320]" box="[199,964,188,213]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FF3788B6FEFBFF4C" bold="true" box="[199,309,188,213]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Skeleton.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC54A517FEB488B6FE6CFF4C" box="[324,418,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="37.[151,249,1932,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[151,1436,409,1910]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 15. Clathrina sinusarabica Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003, a, light microscopic view of part of the cormus and tubuli of RMNH Por. 10003 from Jeddah, b–d, SEM images of spicules, b, of Jeddah specimen RMNH Por. 10003, c, of Aqaba specimen ZMA Por. 13414, d, of Aqaba specimen ZMA Por. 13476." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271301/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 15a</figureCitation>
) Tubule walls thin, with single layer of spicules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF3788D5FD8BFE84" blockId="38.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FF3788D5FEFEFF61" bold="true" box="[199,304,223,248]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Spicules.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC54A517FEB088D5FE0CFF61" box="[320,450,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="37.[151,249,1932,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[151,1436,409,1910]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 15. Clathrina sinusarabica Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003, a, light microscopic view of part of the cormus and tubuli of RMNH Por. 10003 from Jeddah, b–d, SEM images of spicules, b, of Jeddah specimen RMNH Por. 10003, c, of Aqaba specimen ZMA Por. 13414, d, of Aqaba specimen ZMA Por. 13476." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271301/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 15b–d</figureCitation>
) Equiradiate equiangular triactines with thin cylindroconical actines ending in pointed apices, 78–214 x 7.5–17.5 µm (n=75).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF37892DFD0AFEA6" blockId="38.[151,1436,151,320]" box="[199,708,295,320]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">The spicules sizes of the three specimens are:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF67897AFCD0FE11" blockId="38.[151,798,367,464]" box="[151,798,367,392]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
RMNH Por. 10003: 83–
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FE248965FDDDFE11" box="[468,531,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">164.4</emphasis>
–194 x 7.5–
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FD68897AFD07FE11" box="[664,713,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">9.04</emphasis>
–11 µm
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF67899EFCD6FE34" blockId="38.[151,798,367,464]" box="[151,792,404,429]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
ZMA Por. 13414: 107–
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FE12899EFDC2FE34" box="[482,524,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">167</emphasis>
–214
<date id="C47B51C0DC54A517FDBB899FFDA3FE35" box="[587,621,404,428]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">x 9</date>
–
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FD8C899EFD63FE35" box="[636,685,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">13.4</emphasis>
–17.5 µm
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF6789B2FCDEFE49" blockId="38.[151,798,367,464]" box="[151,784,439,464]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
ZMA Por. 13476: 78–
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FE2489B2FE30FE49" box="[468,510,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">132</emphasis>
–162
<date id="C47B51C0DC54A517FDCC89B2FD90FE49" box="[572,606,440,464]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">x 9</date>
–
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FD9D89B2FD54FE49" box="[621,666,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">11.2</emphasis>
–14.5 µm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC54A517FF3789F5FC36FDA5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF3789F5FC36FDA5" blockId="38.[151,1437,511,1293]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FF3789F5FE3CFD81" bold="true" box="[199,498,511,536]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="C8D23790DC54A517FE0989F5FD41FD81" box="[505,655,511,536]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
, Jeddah, on reefs; if correctly identified it occurs in the Sudanese
<collectingRegion id="7201B9E2DC54A517FA9F89F5FF0CFDA5" country="Eritrea" name="Semenawi Keyih Bahri" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
, Agig, and the Israelian part of the
<collectingRegion id="7201B9E2DC54A517FDBE8A2EFD4FFDA4" box="[590,641,548,573]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Gulf" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Gulf</collectingRegion>
of Aqaba, on reefs, depth
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC54A517FC5A8A2EFC3AFDA5" box="[938,1012,548,573]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">
5–
<specimenCount id="A6C3BC89DC54A517FC368A2EFC3AFDA5" box="[966,1012,548,573]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="generic">6 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC54A517FF378A4DFF31FBC1" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF378A4DFCBAFCAE" blockId="38.[151,1437,511,1293]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FF378A4DFEF5FDF9" bold="true" box="[199,315,583,608]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Remarks.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="6F7EC9A2DC54A517FE858A42FE6BFDF9" box="[373,421,584,608]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC54A517FE3C8A4DFBC8FDF9" authority="Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003" authorityName="Klautau &amp; Valentine" authorityYear="2003" box="[460,1030,583,608]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sinusarabica">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FE3C8A4DFD1FFDF9" box="[460,721,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Clathrina sinusarabica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC54A517FD288A4DFBC8FDF9" box="[728,1030,583,608]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref67261" refString="Klautau, M. &amp; Valentine, C. (2003). Revision of the genus Clathrina (Porifera, Calcarea). Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 139 (1), 1 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 0024 - 4082.2003.00063. x" type="journal article">Klautau &amp; Valentine, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
resembles our specimens in habitus and color, but the actines of its spicules are significantly shorter, 72–103 x 8.4 µm (according to
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC54A517FAD28A66FE8AFD31" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref67261" refString="Klautau, M. &amp; Valentine, C. (2003). Revision of the genus Clathrina (Porifera, Calcarea). Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 139 (1), 1 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 0024 - 4082.2003.00063. x" type="journal article">Klautau &amp; Valentine 2003</bibRefCitation>
). We base ourselves for the identification on
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC54A517FCC78A85FBDAFD31" box="[823,1044,655,680]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref70183" refString="Voigt, O., Erpenbeck, D., Gonzalez-Pech, R. A., Al-Aidaroos, A. M., Berumen, M. L. &amp; Worheide, G. (2017) Calcinea of the Red Sea: providing a DNA barcode inventory with description of four new species. Marine Biodiversity, 47 (4), 1009 - 1034. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 017 - 0671 - x" type="journal article">
Voigt
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FC898A9BFC7FFD31" box="[889,945,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
’s (2017)
</bibRefCitation>
description, which gives actines of 50–166
<date id="C47B51C0DC54A517FF018ABFFEF0FD55" box="[241,318,692,716]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="1918-10-08">x 8–18</date>
µm. The partial 28S sequence obtained for the Jeddah specimen conforms to Voigt’s molecular data (cf.
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC54A517FF338ADDFED2FD69" box="[195,284,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1826,1848]" captionTargetBox="[180,1383,196,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[172,1416,195,1804]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Maximum-likelihood tree based on analysis of sequences of the partial 28S gene (C2–D2 region, comprising 442 sites) of Western Indian Ocean Calcinea newly generated by the Naturalis Biodiversity Center and sequences additionally obtained from GenBank, the Sponge Barcode Project and from Oliver Voigt (München) from the Red Sea, Indonesia, Australia, and a few sequences from other parts of the world, to demonstrate the affiliation of the compared species. Please note that Arturia sequences do not appear in the same clade, indicating Arturia is non-monophyletic. Numbers at the root of clades are bootstrap values of 1000 replicates. Since the high number of sequences were difficult to read in detail, we subdivided the present tree in three detailed sections 2A, 2B, and 2C." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271249/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). The Jeddah specimen was sequenced, the Aqaba specimens were not. The Aqaba specimens appear to be morphologically similar, so we assume they are members of
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC54A517FC328AF7FBB3FC8C" authorityName="Klautau &amp; Valentine" authorityYear="2003" box="[962,1149,764,789]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sinusarabica">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FC328AF7FBB3FC8C" box="[962,1149,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. sinusarabica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but we gave separate measurements of the spicules of the three specimens, just in case.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF378B4EFDE9FC3D" blockId="38.[151,1437,511,1293]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<materialsCitation id="00AD7D5DDC54A517FF378B4EFDE9FC3D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1848255670" country="Seychelles" location="Rodrigues" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rodrigues">
Morphologically, the present specimens resemble
<collectingRegion id="7201B9E2DC54A517FCE78B4EFC44FCC4" box="[791,906,836,861]" country="Mauritius" name="Rodrigues" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Rodrigues</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingCountry id="C8D23790DC54A517FC3D8B4EFB8BFCC4" box="[973,1093,836,861]" name="Seychelles" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
material described below as
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC54A517FF678B6DFE7AFC19" authority="Van &amp; De, 2018" authorityName="Van &amp; De" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,436,871,896]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rodriguesensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FF678B6DFE7AFC19" box="[151,436,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Clathrina rodriguesensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FE308B6DFDDCFC19" bold="true" box="[448,530,871,896]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="99821669DC54A517FE308B6DFDDCFC19" box="[448,530,871,896]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, having firm whitish tubuli and robust triactines, but molecular data do not support this similarity (cf.
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC54A517FE318B86FDD4FC3D" box="[449,538,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1826,1848]" captionTargetBox="[180,1383,196,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[172,1416,195,1804]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Maximum-likelihood tree based on analysis of sequences of the partial 28S gene (C2–D2 region, comprising 442 sites) of Western Indian Ocean Calcinea newly generated by the Naturalis Biodiversity Center and sequences additionally obtained from GenBank, the Sponge Barcode Project and from Oliver Voigt (München) from the Red Sea, Indonesia, Australia, and a few sequences from other parts of the world, to demonstrate the affiliation of the compared species. Please note that Arturia sequences do not appear in the same clade, indicating Arturia is non-monophyletic. Numbers at the root of clades are bootstrap values of 1000 replicates. Since the high number of sequences were difficult to read in detail, we subdivided the present tree in three detailed sections 2A, 2B, and 2C." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271249/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF378BA5FF31FBC1" blockId="38.[151,1437,511,1293]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
The present specimens show also considerable resemblance to the Indonesian species
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC54A517FB7B8BA5FE7EFC74" authority="Van Soest &amp; De Voogd, 2015" authorityName="Van Soest &amp; De Voogd" authorityYear="2015" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sororcula">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FB7B8BA5FAA7FC51" box="[1163,1385,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Clathrina sororcula</emphasis>
Van Soest &amp; De Voogd, 2015
</taxonomicName>
, which has loosely anastomosed semi-transparent white tubes, cylindrical triactines of the same average length. Differences are the presence of several water-collecting tubes (raised oscules, absent in
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC54A517FA728BF2FECCFBAC" authorityName="Van Soest &amp; De Voogd" authorityYear="2015" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sororcula">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FA728BF2FECCFBAC" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. sororcula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the greater size of the actines of the spicules.
<collectingRegion id="7201B9E2DC54A517FCCF8C17FCAFFBAD" box="[831,865,1053,1076]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">No</collectingRegion>
molecular sequence data for
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC54A517FB5A8C17FAFBFBAC" authorityName="Van Soest &amp; De Voogd" authorityYear="2015" box="[1194,1333,1052,1077]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sororcula">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FB5A8C17FAFBFBAC" box="[1194,1333,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. sororcula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be obtained.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC54A517FF378C6EFB25FA94" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC54A517FF378C6EFB25FA94" blockId="38.[151,1437,511,1293]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC54A517FF378C6EFDF0FBE5" ID-CoL="VSWD" authority="Voigt et al., 2017" authorityName="Voigt et al." authorityYear="2017" box="[199,574,1124,1149]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rowi">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FF378C6EFEA0FBE5" box="[199,366,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Clathrina rowi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC54A517FE868C6EFDF0FBE5" box="[374,574,1124,1149]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref70183" refString="Voigt, O., Erpenbeck, D., Gonzalez-Pech, R. A., Al-Aidaroos, A. M., Berumen, M. L. &amp; Worheide, G. (2017) Calcinea of the Red Sea: providing a DNA barcode inventory with description of four new species. Marine Biodiversity, 47 (4), 1009 - 1034. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 017 - 0671 - x" type="journal article">
Voigt
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FE4B8C6FFE3AFBE4" box="[443,500,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
, 2017
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC54A517FDBB8C6EFB58FBE5" ID-CoL="5YXPX" authority="Worheide &amp; Hooper, 1999" authorityName="Worheide &amp; Hooper" authorityYear="1999" box="[587,1174,1124,1149]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="luteoculcitella">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FDBB8C6EFCAEFBE4" box="[587,864,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Clathrina luteoculcitella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC54A517FC988C6EFB58FBE5" box="[872,1174,1124,1149]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref70483" refString="Worheide, G. &amp; Hooper, J. N. A. (1999) Calcarea from the Great Barrier Reef 1: Cryptic Calcinea from Heron Island and Wistari Reef (Capricorn-Bunker Group). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 43 (2), 859 - 891. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 124162 # page / 409 / mode / 1 up (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="journal article">Wörheide &amp; Hooper, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC54A517FB208C6EFCA5FB39" ID-CoL="5YVZP" authority="Borojevic &amp; Klautau, 2000 sensu Van Soest &amp; De Voogd 2015" authorityName="Borojevic &amp; Klautau, 2000 sensu Van Soest &amp; De Voogd" authorityYear="2015" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="chrysea">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FB208C6EFA52FBE4" box="[1232,1436,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Clathrina chrysea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC54A517FF678C8DFE00FB39" box="[151,462,1159,1184]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref63686" refString="Borojevic, R. &amp; Klautau, M. (2000) Calcareous sponges from New Caledonia. Zoosystema, 22 (2), 187 - 201. Available from: http: // sciencepress. mnhn. fr / fr / periodiques / zoosystema / 22 / 2 / eponges-calcaires-de-nouvelle-caledonie (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="journal article">Borojević &amp; Klautau, 2000</bibRefCitation>
sensu Van Soest &amp; De Voogd 2015
</taxonomicName>
are closely related in a molecular sense (cf.
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC54A517FA808C8DFF73FB5D" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1826,1848]" captionTargetBox="[180,1383,196,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[172,1416,195,1804]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Maximum-likelihood tree based on analysis of sequences of the partial 28S gene (C2–D2 region, comprising 442 sites) of Western Indian Ocean Calcinea newly generated by the Naturalis Biodiversity Center and sequences additionally obtained from GenBank, the Sponge Barcode Project and from Oliver Voigt (München) from the Red Sea, Indonesia, Australia, and a few sequences from other parts of the world, to demonstrate the affiliation of the compared species. Please note that Arturia sequences do not appear in the same clade, indicating Arturia is non-monophyletic. Numbers at the root of clades are bootstrap values of 1000 replicates. Since the high number of sequences were difficult to read in detail, we subdivided the present tree in three detailed sections 2A, 2B, and 2C." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271249/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). The New Caledonian
<typeStatus id="6F7EC9A2DC54A517FE228CA7FDCCFB5C" box="[466,514,1197,1221]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
material of the latter was yellow, but life color of the Indonesian material was unknown. The color in alcohol is transparent-white like the present specimen. Spicule sizes match reasonably (75–144
<date id="C47B51C0DC54A517FF0B8CFFFE89FA95" box="[251,327,1268,1292]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2011-10-07">x 7–11</date>
µm), but actines are more conical.
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC54A517FD238CFFFCE8FA95" ID-CoL="VSWD" box="[723,806,1269,1292]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rowi">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FD238CFFFCE8FA95" box="[723,806,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. rowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC54A517FCAD8CFFFBD3FA94" ID-CoL="5YXPX" authorityName="Worheide &amp; Hooper" authorityYear="1999" box="[861,1053,1268,1293]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="luteoculcitella">
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC54A517FCAD8CFFFBD3FA94" box="[861,1053,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. luteoculcitella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are treated below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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