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<document id="A3B2A91F51B99A247997371A0E5951A4" ID-CLB-Dataset="20253" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2022.2036843" ID-GBIF-Dataset="37a6c35d-f09b-49c4-ba5f-4dca43800bf0" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6351759" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1647254905134" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Buys, Sandor Christiano" docDate="2022" docId="3679ED36FF9A114FFE29D97A8C21FC19" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.55.47-48.2935-2949.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 55 (47 - 48)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2036843" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Sphex opacus Dahlbom 1845" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="2940" masterDocId="CA40954EFF9F114AFFFED8408F44FFD0" masterDocTitle="An overview of cocoon morphology of Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="2949" masterPageNumber="2935" pageNumber="2940" updateTime="1699317878623" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="A804282A6244011345280DFDC03D8ED6">An overview of cocoon morphology of Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="81BE139A2CE85B5FD1F39B1B502B7D8E">Buys, Sandor Christiano</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F0F1D49ACF64B1BE9C5FF5EE6456A480">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8401848611E3F48E0AF6BDB13CB6BCF5">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="94DB1687DD2F1D0E35BBEA9722E968AE">55</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9718936DAA1FF5AD9E1ACB42B87FC8F7">47 - 48</mods:number>
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<treatment id="3679ED36FF9A114FFE29D97A8C21FC19" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6353606" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193985303" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6353606" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3679ED36FF9A114FFE29D97A8C21FC19" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3679ED36FF9A114FFE29D97A8C21FC19" lastPageNumber="2940" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">
<subSubSection id="F6CA0FABFF9A114FFE29D97A8C08FE85" box="[471,844,314,341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BE6F5C20FF9A114FFE29D97A8C08FE85" blockId="5.[471,844,314,341]" box="[471,844,314,341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">
<heading id="E527EB4CFF9A114FFE29D97A8C08FE85" box="[471,844,314,341]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="79D027A3FF9A114FFE29D97A8C08FE85" ID-CoL="4YYWV" authority="Dahlbom, 1845" authorityName="Dahlbom" authorityYear="1845" box="[471,844,314,341]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opacus">
<emphasis id="8CA48032FF9A114FFE29D97A8D3FFE85" box="[471,635,314,341]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">Sphex opacus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8CA48032FF9A114FFD7DD97A8C08FE85" bold="true" box="[643,844,314,341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">Dahlbom, 1845</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="F6CA0FABFF9A114FFDA9D9358E3BFCE3" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940" type="description">
<paragraph id="BE6F5C20FF9A114FFDA9D9358D89FE5F" blockId="5.[599,717,373,399]" box="[599,717,373,399]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">
<heading id="E527EB4CFF9A114FFDA9D9358D89FE5F" bold="true" box="[599,717,373,399]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940" reason="3">
<emphasis id="8CA48032FF9A114FFDA9D9358D89FE5F" bold="true" box="[599,717,373,399]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">
(
<figureCitation id="26EB40A5FF9A114FFDA1D9358D80FE5F" box="[607,708,373,399]" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1488,1511]" captionTargetBox="[172,1138,216,1454]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1457]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 35. Cocoon morphology of species of Sphecinae. 3, Sphex opacus: 3(a) internal capsule, with a last instar larva inside; 3(b) internal felt-like covering of the internal capsule; 3(c) external felt-like covering of the internal capsule; 3(d) external capsule. 4, Isodontia costipennis: 4(a) external capsule; 4(b) internal capsule, with an adult wasp inside. 5, Prionyx thomae: 5(a) external capsule; 5(b) internal capsule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6351765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6351765/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">Figure 3</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE6F5C20FF9A114FFF5ED9968E62FE20" blockId="5.[160,1155,470,566]" box="[160,294,470,496]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">
<emphasis id="8CA48032FF9A114FFF5ED9968E62FE20" bold="true" box="[160,294,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE6F5C20FF9A114FFF5ED9B98B37FDE6" blockId="5.[160,1155,470,566]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">
<emphasis id="8CA48032FF9A114FFF5ED9B98E2EFDC3" bold="true" box="[160,362,505,531]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">External capsule.</emphasis>
Approximately cylindrical; translucent, light brown or white; texture like a malleable fine paper. An extremity attached to the substratum for silken threads.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE6F5C20FF9A114FFF5EDA2C8E3BFCE3" blockId="5.[160,1155,620,819]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">
<emphasis id="8CA48032FF9A114FFF5EDA2C8E21FD56" bold="true" box="[160,357,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">Internal capsule.</emphasis>
Approximately cylindrical, broader sub-apically, tapering towards the extremities; basal and apical portions rounded;
<quantity id="7928F1C5FF9A114FFD39DAD08C5DFD79" box="[711,793,656,681]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="7928F1C5FF9A114FFC9BDAD08CEDFD79" box="[869,937,656,681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
wide; texture very brittle; dark brown, external surface opaque, internal one brilliant; a dense layer of light brown felt-like silk firmly attached to the external surface, which can be dismembered in two independent layers, the internal one thinner (
<figureCitation id="26EB40A5FF9A114FFD28DAB88C77FCC1" box="[726,819,760,785]" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1488,1511]" captionTargetBox="[172,1138,216,1454]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1457]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 35. Cocoon morphology of species of Sphecinae. 3, Sphex opacus: 3(a) internal capsule, with a last instar larva inside; 3(b) internal felt-like covering of the internal capsule; 3(c) external felt-like covering of the internal capsule; 3(d) external capsule. 4, Isodontia costipennis: 4(a) external capsule; 4(b) internal capsule, with an adult wasp inside. 5, Prionyx thomae: 5(a) external capsule; 5(b) internal capsule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6351765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6351765/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">Figure 3</figureCitation>
(b,c)); meconium deposited in the basal extremity.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6CA0FABFF9A114FFF5EDB2A8C21FC19" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="BE6F5C20FF9A114FFF5EDB2A8E3BFC54" blockId="5.[160,1155,874,969]" box="[160,383,874,900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">
<emphasis id="8CA48032FF9A114FFF5EDB2A8E3BFC54" bold="true" box="[160,383,874,900]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE6F5C20FF9A114FFF5EDBCD8C21FC19" blockId="5.[160,1155,874,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">
<collectingCountry id="C6C71CB0FF9A114FFF5EDBCD8F9BFC76" box="[160,223,909,934]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">Brazil</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="7C1492C2FF9A114FFF15DBCD8E91FC76" box="[235,469,909,934]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="5" pageNumber="2940">Rio de Janeiro State</collectingRegion>
: city of Maricá (Restinga de Barra de Maricá), S.C. Buys and C. Andrade: two cocoons from larvae maintained in laboratory.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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