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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-222-75" ID-Pensoft-UUID="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" ModsDocID="1314-2003-222-75" checkinTime="1679617121532" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Maas, Paul J. M., Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje, Andre, Thiago, Skinner, David, Valderrama, Eugenio &amp; Specht, Chelsea D." docDate="2023" docId="28BF304A5167552F950A717D88578DAF" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 222: 75-127" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 222" docPubDate="2023-03-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" docTitle="Costus gibbosus D. Skinner &amp; Maas 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" masterDocTitle="Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="75" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1679617121532" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Andre, Thiago</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4148-3662</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Brasilia, Departamento de Botanica, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasilia (DF), Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Skinner, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-925X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Le Jardin Ombrage, Tallahassee, (Private botanical garden, Botanic Gardens Conservation International - BGCI - registration ID 50148), Florida, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Valderrama, Eugenio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Specht, Chelsea D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7746-512X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">cdspecht@cornell.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>222</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>75</mods:start>
<mods:end>127</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-222-75</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:28BF304A5167552F950A717D88578DAF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/28BF304A5167552F950A717D88578DAF" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName LSID="28BF304A-5167-552F-950A-717D88578DAF" authority="D. Skinner &amp; Maas" authorityName="D. Skinner &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus gibbosus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gibbosus" status="sp. nov.">Costus gibbosus D.Skinner &amp; Maas</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="75">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. Skinner &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus gibbosus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gibbosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus gibbosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Costus gibbosus D. Skinner &amp; Maas A plant in cultivation at Rio Palenque Science Center, Ecuador with Dave Skinner B inflorescence showing the recurved apices of the bract appendages C lower leaf sheaths showing swollen margins D close-up of bract (left) and flower (right) E plant in habitat near Caluma, El Oro, Ecuador B, C at Waimea Arboretum, Hawaii 74 S 2037, grown from seeds collected by Tim Plowman D, E Photos of plant in the wild prior to collecting seeds for D. Skinner R 3346, currently in cultivation. Photos A-E by Dave Skinner." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828351" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">12</figureCitation>
) can readily be recognized by the swollen margin of the lower leaf sheaths; the inflorescence is similar to that of
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus guanaiensis" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guanaiensis">Costus guanaiensis</taxonomicName>
Rusby var.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus guanaiensis var. macrostrobilus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="guanaiensis" variety="macrostrobilus">Costus guanaiensis macrostrobilus</taxonomicName>
(K.Schum.) Maas, from which it differs by the horizontal orientation of the bract appendages with often incurved apex and the mostly glabrous leaves, bracts, and calyx.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828351" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Figure 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. Skinner &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus gibbosus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gibbosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus gibbosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
D.Skinner &amp; Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
plant in cultivation at Rio Palenque Science Center, Ecuador with Dave Skinner
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
inflorescence showing the recurved apices of the bract appendages
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C</emphasis>
lower leaf sheaths showing swollen margins
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
close-up of bract (left) and flower (right)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">E</emphasis>
plant in habitat near Caluma, El Oro, Ecuador
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B, C</emphasis>
at Waimea Arboretum, Hawaii 74S2037, grown from seeds collected by Tim Plowman
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D, E</emphasis>
Photos of plant in the wild prior to collecting seeds for
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D.Skinner R3346</emphasis>
, currently in cultivation. Photos
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A-E</emphasis>
by Dave Skinner.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1974-11-17" collectorName="Plowman, Davis" country="Ecuador" elevation="1150" location="Santo Domingo" municipality="Aloag" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
: along the road from
<collectingMunicipality>Aloag</collectingMunicipality>
to
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:28BF304A5167552F950A717D88578DAF:928C4DA0FB57F34C6771062F441030C9" country="Ecuador" municipality="Aloag" name="Santo Domingo" stateProvince="Pichincha">Santo Domingo</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" unit="m" value="1150.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" unit="m" value="1150.0">1150 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(&quot;
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" unit="ft" value="3500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" unit="ft" value="3500.0">3500 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
&quot;),
<collectingDate value="1974-11-17">17 Nov 1974</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<collectorName>Plowman</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Davis</collectorName>
4455
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
U1212018; isotypes GH, USM)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Herb</emphasis>
1.5-5 m tall.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Leaves</emphasis>
sheaths 15-35 mm diam, the margin of the lower ones swollen; ligule truncate to slightly 2-lobed, often with a ridge near the apex, 7-14 mm long; petiole 10-15 mm long; sheaths, ligule and petiole glabrous to densely puberulous; lamina narrowly elliptic, 30-50
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10-20 cm, slightly shiny above, pale green to slightly glaucous below, adaxially glabrous, rarely puberulous, abaxially glabrous, sometimes densely puberulous to villose, base acute to cordate, apex acuminate (acumen 15-20 mm long) to acute.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Inflorescence</emphasis>
ovoid to cylindric, 11-18
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-9 cm, terminating a leafy shoot; bracts, bracteole, and calyx glabrous, rarely rather densely puberulous, ovary and capsule glabrous to densely puberulo-sericeous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Flowers</emphasis>
abaxially oriented; bracts red, coriaceous, broadly ovate, 40-50
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
30-40 mm; appendages green, foliaceous, erect, broadly triangular to triangular, 15-60
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10-30 mm, often incurved at the apex; bracteole boat-shaped, 22-32 mm long; calyx red to pink, rarely white, (7-)12-20 mm long, lobes deltate to shallowly triangular, 2-5 mm long; corolla pale yellow, white, or pink, 60-70 mm long, glabrous, lobes ellliptic, 45-60 mm long; labellum pale yellow, orange, pinkish, or white, distal edge horizontally spreading, broadly obovate, 60-85
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
50-70 mm, lateral lobes erect, more or less striped with pink or red, middle lobe reflexed, with yellow honey mark, margin irregularly dentate to lobulate; stamen pink, red, yellow, or white, 40-50
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
12-15 mm, not exceeding the labellum, apex irregularly dentate, anther 9-13 mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Capsule</emphasis>
ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid, 12-20 mm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
Ecuador (El Oro, Esmeraldas, Guayas, Loja, Manabi, Pichincha) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner &amp; Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas &amp; H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner &amp; Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas &amp; D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas &amp; H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas &amp; H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner &amp; Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas &amp; H. Maas." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">22A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">In forested roadsides, dry forests, or gallery forests at elevations of 0-1500 m. Flowering year-round.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. Skinner &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus gibbosus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gibbosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus gibbosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is named for the swollen upper margin of the lower leaf sheaths.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Ecuador. Bolivar</emphasis>
: Caluma, Pasagua Road, 836 m,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Skinner R3344</emphasis>
, Caluma-El Mirador, 185 m,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Skinner R3346.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">El Oro</emphasis>
: between
<normalizedToken originalValue="Piñas">Pinas</normalizedToken>
and Piedras, 1000 m,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Asplund 18160</emphasis>
(S); Road from Santa Rosa to
<normalizedToken originalValue="Piñas">Pinas</normalizedToken>
, 3 km E of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Playón">Playon</normalizedToken>
, 8 Feb 1987, 350 m,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Bohlin 1226</emphasis>
(GB, QCA); Camino a
<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón-Playa">Limon-Playa</normalizedToken>
, cerca a
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Dumari, 600 m, 12 Oct 1993,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Cornejo &amp; Bonifaz 425</emphasis>
(AAU, QCNE); Road Zaruma-Santa Rosa, between
<normalizedToken originalValue="Piñas">Pinas</normalizedToken>
and El Placer, 800 m, 6 May 1974,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Harling &amp; Andersson 14354</emphasis>
(GB, U).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Esmeraldas</emphasis>
: Hacienda Timbre, 28 May 1955,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Asplund 16494</emphasis>
(S); along road to
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tulubí">Tulubi</normalizedToken>
from main San Lorenzo-Lita Highway, 12 July 2000, 59 m,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Croat 83948A</emphasis>
(MO, QCNE); between Esmeraldas and Tabiazo, 0 m, 14 Sep 1977,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Maas et al. 2915</emphasis>
(QCA, U).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Guayas</emphasis>
: Guayaquil, Cerro Azul,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Asplund 15412</emphasis>
(S); Cerro Azul, W of Guayaquil, 25 Mar 1955,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Asplund 15895</emphasis>
(NY, S); Cordillera
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chongón-Colonche">Chongon-Colonche</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
California, 150 m, 27 Sep 1997,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Cornejo &amp; Bonifaz 5792</emphasis>
(GUAY, U); Cerro Azul Cordillera Chongon-Colonche, 12 km W of Guayaquil, Quebrada Canoa, 17 Jan 1991, 50-300 m,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Gentry &amp; Josse 72332</emphasis>
(F, MO, QCNE); Teresita, 3 km W of Bucay, 270 m, 5 Jul 1923,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Hitchcock 20543</emphasis>
(GH, NY, US); Bosque Protector Cerro Blanco, Carretera Guayaquil-Salinas, km 17, 200-440 m, 31 Oct 1995,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
T.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nuñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
306
</emphasis>
(MO, QCNE);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cantón">Canton</normalizedToken>
Guayaquil, Bosque Protector Cerro Blanco, carretera a Salinas, km 15, 100 m, 19 Aug 1991,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Rubio et al. 2007</emphasis>
(MO, QCNE, U).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Loja</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Macará-Cariamanga">Macara-Cariamanga</normalizedToken>
Road, ca. 3 km NE of Sabiango, 900-1000 m, 17 Apr 1980,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Harling &amp; Andersson 18358</emphasis>
(S, U).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
Los
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Palenque Biological Station, 220 m, 17 Sep 1973,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Dodson &amp; Tan 5347</emphasis>
(F, QCA, US);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Palenque Science Center, km 56 of Quevedo-Santo Domingo Road, 14 May 1982,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Dodson 13039</emphasis>
(MO, SEL);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Palenque Field Station, halfway between Quevedo and Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 200 m, 24 Feb 1974,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Gentry 10165</emphasis>
(MO, RPSC, SEL).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Manabi</emphasis>
: 40 km along road from Santo Domingo de los Colorados to Chone, 19 May 1955,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Asplund 16421</emphasis>
(S); El Aromo, 13 km SW to San Mateo, then E 13 km to town, 100 m, 4 Dec 1986,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Hammel &amp; Trainer 15871</emphasis>
(MO); road Chone-El
<normalizedToken originalValue="Carmén">Carmen</normalizedToken>
, at Flavio Alfaro, 350 m, 28 Oct 1980,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Holm-Nielsen et al. 27916</emphasis>
(AAU).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Pichincha</emphasis>
: shore of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pilatón">Pilaton</normalizedToken>
, at the bridge of the road from Chiriboga to Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 1000 m, 2 Jul 1955,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Asplund 16763</emphasis>
(S); Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 530 m, 19 Jun 1975,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Gilli 119</emphasis>
(W); new
<normalizedToken originalValue="Alluriquín-Quito">Alluriquin-Quito</normalizedToken>
Road, km 6, 850 m, 10 Oct 1980,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Maas &amp; Cobb 4795</emphasis>
(NY, QCA, U); Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 200 ft, 28 Oct 1960,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Pennington 56 SD</emphasis>
(K, NY); along the road from Aloag to Santo Domingo, Tandape, 1150 m (&quot;5000 ft&quot;), 17 Nov 1974,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Plowman &amp; Davis 4454</emphasis>
(GH, U); Toachi, on road Aloag-Santo Domingo, 750 m, 3 Jan 1967,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Sparre 13862</emphasis>
(S, U); Carretera Quito-Puerto Quito, km 113, near Reserva de ENDESA
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Corporación">&quot;Corporacion</normalizedToken>
Forestal Juan Manuel Durini&quot;, 800 m, 4 Mar 1984,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Ulloa U. 111</emphasis>
(QCA, U).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. Skinner &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus gibbosus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gibbosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus gibbosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is easily recognized in the field by the swollen margins of the lower leaf sheaths.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>