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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3776e555-85f5-46ed-8ea1-98ca6a147ede" ID-PMC="PMC8222199" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1044-609" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0" ID-PubMed="34183888" ID-ZooBank="66F01A49D32448A8AC2669BF3374894C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1044-609" checkinTime="1623875354053" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, Sarah M. &amp; Cognato, Anthony I." docDate="2021" docId="26E1DEF1271A5D06AB737AE4A224AC5D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1044: 609-720" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1044" docPubDate="2021-06-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246" docTitle="Coptoborus tristiculus Smith &amp; Cognato 2021, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0" lastPageNumber="609" masterDocId="C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Neotropical genus Coptoborus Hopkins (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini)" masterLastPageNumber="720" masterPageNumber="609" pageNumber="609" updateTime="1668150492206" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A revision of the Neotropical genus Coptoborus Hopkins (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, Sarah M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-3736</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">camptocerus@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cognato, Anthony I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-06-16</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1044</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>609</mods:start>
<mods:end>720</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1044-609</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">66F01A49D32448A8AC2669BF3374894C</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182753875" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26E1DEF1271A5D06AB737AE4A224AC5D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/26E1DEF1271A5D06AB737AE4A224AC5D" lastPageNumber="609" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
<taxonomicName LSID="26E1DEF1-271A-5D06-AB73-7AE4A224AC5D" authority="(Wood, 1975)" authorityName="Smith &amp; Cognato" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood" baseAuthorityYear="1975" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coptoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptoborus tristiculus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristiculus" status="comb. nov.">Coptoborus tristiculus (Wood, 1975)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="609">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Dorsal, lateral, frontal and declivital view of Coptoborus tristiculus 2.2 - 2.3 mm (A-C, M), C. uhura holotype, 2.0 mm (D-F, N), C. vasquez holotype, 2.4 mm (G-I, O), C. vespatorius, 2.55 - 2.8 mm (J-L, P). All photographs by SMS." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.144.62246.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/555853" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Figure 18A-C, M</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith &amp; Cognato" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus tristiculus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristiculus" status="comb. nov.">Xyleborus tristiculus</taxonomicName>
Wood, 1975b: 401.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Holotype</emphasis>
(NHMUK), examined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="new records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">New records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
Ecuador: Napo Prov. [= Orellana Prov.], Res[erva]. Ethnica Waorani, 1 km S. Okone Gare Camp, Trans[ect]. Ent[omology].,
<geoCoordinate degrees="00" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-0.65277773">00°39'10&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="076" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-76.433334">076°26'W</geoCoordinate>
, 220 m, October 1996, T.L. Erwin et al. collectors, insecticidal fogging, terra firme forest, trans[ect] 7, sta[tion] 8, Erwin lot #1728 (ICB, 1); as previous except: October 1995, trans[ect] 2, sta[tion] 10, Erwin lot #1190 (ICB, 1); as previous except: January 1996, trans[ect] 7, sta[tion] 7, Erwin lot #1467 (NMNH, 1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
2.2-2.3 mm (mean = 2.23 mm; n = 2), 2.2-2.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide. This species is distinguished by the elytral apex broadly rounded and entire, posterolateral margin continuously and smoothly carinate to striae 6 and not extended posteriad, declivital interstrial setae fine, hair-like, longer than the width of interstriae 2 and abundantly covering declivity, declivital interstriae granulate, granules large and distinct, declivital striae 1 and 2 distinctly impressed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="similar species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Similar species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
<taxonomicName family="Combretaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. brigman" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" rank="species" species="brigman">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">C. brigman</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName family="Combretaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. leia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" rank="species" species="leia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">C. leia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1951" class="Hexapoda" family="Curculionidae" genus="Euwallacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euwallacea perbrevis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perbrevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Euwallacea perbrevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Brazil (Mato Grosso), Ecuador* (Orellana).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
The type series were collected by Roger Beaver in Brazil. The type series have field notebook codes C47, D-35, Nos. 170, 172, No. E-18 on their locality labels (
<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="Great Basin Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" pagination="391 - 401" refId="B85" refString="Wood, SL, 1975b. New synonymy and new species of American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Part II. Great Basin Naturalist 35: 391 - 401" title="New synonymy and new species of American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Part II." volume="35" year="1975 b">Wood 1975b</bibRefCitation>
). These specimens were collected from two small cut trees of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Protium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Protium" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Protium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Burseraceae</taxonomicName>
) with stem diameters between 3.5-4.5 cm. Two gallery systems were investigated and branched rather irregularly in the transverse plane of the wood, penetrating ~2 cm deep, and were without enlargements or brood chambers (R.A. Beaver, pers. comm., 11 November 2020). Specimens were also collected by canopy fogging.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
This species was omitted from
<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="Brigham Young University, M. L. Bean Life Science Museum; Provo" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" refId="B91" refString="Wood, SL, 2007. Bark and ambrosia beetles of South America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Brigham Young University, M.L. Bean Life Science Museum; Provo" title="Bark and ambrosia beetles of South America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." year="2007">Wood (2007)</bibRefCitation>
. In his description
<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="Great Basin Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" pagination="391 - 401" refId="B85" refString="Wood, SL, 1975b. New synonymy and new species of American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Part II. Great Basin Naturalist 35: 391 - 401" title="New synonymy and new species of American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Part II." volume="35" year="1975 b">Wood (1975b)</bibRefCitation>
allied this species to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1975" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus molestulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molestulus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Xyleborus molestulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which he later placed in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Theoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theoborus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Theoborus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="The Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" pagination="1 - 1553" refId="B92" refString="Wood, SL, Bright, DE, 1992. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), part 2: Taxonomic index. The Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs 13: 1 - 1553" title="A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), part 2: Taxonomic index." volume="13" year="1992">Wood and Bright 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 661) but which has recently been recognized as a synonym of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1951" class="Hexapoda" family="Curculionidae" genus="Euwallacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euwallacea perbrevis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perbrevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Euwallacea perbrevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Schedl, 1951) (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" author="Smith, SM" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" pagination="1 - 442" refId="B76" refString="Smith, SM, Beaver, RA, Cognato, AI, 2020. A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China. ZooKeys 983: 1 - 442, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" title="A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" volume="983" year="2020">Smith et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). This species shares the diagnostic characteristics of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coptoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptoborus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Coptoborus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is here transferred.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.144.62246.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/555853" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" start="Figure 18" startId="F18">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Figure 18.</emphasis>
Dorsal, lateral, frontal and declivital view of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith &amp; Cognato" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood" baseAuthorityYear="1975" class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coptoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptoborus tristiculus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristiculus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Coptoborus tristiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2.2-2.3 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">A-C, M</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName family="Combretaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. uhura" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" rank="species" species="uhura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">C. uhura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype, 2.0 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">D-F, N</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName family="Combretaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. vasquez" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" rank="species" species="vasquez">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">C. vasquez</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype, 2.4 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">G-I, O</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName family="Combretaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. vespatorius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" rank="species" species="vespatorius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">C. vespatorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 2.55-2.8 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">J-L, P</emphasis>
). All photographs by SMS.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>